PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2018
·
IF 3.44
Xinda Lin,Yiwen Mao,Ling Zhang
Insects receive a variety of chemical signals from the environment. Chemosensory protein (CSP) is one of the olfactory proteins that can accommodate a variety of small molecules and have the ability to bind to lipophilic compounds, transmitting nonvolatile odor molecules and chemical stimuli to target cells. To understand the correlation between the insect olfactory system and environment, we identified four antennae-expressed SlituCSP genes and investigated their expression profiles after treatment with different temperatures, starvation and three commonly used pesticides : chlorpyrifos , emamectin benzoate and fipronil . The transcriptions of four SlituCSP genes are affected by pesticide treatment and less affected by starvation and different temperatures. To further understand the molecular function of CSPs and their correlation with pesticides, we expressed and purified four SlituCSPs and assayed their binding ability with pesticides. The binding of four SlituCSPs with three pesticides were determined using a fluorescence competitive binding assay. We found direct binding between CSPs and pesticides, especially between SlituCSP18 and chlorpyrifos/fipronil and between SlituCSP6 and all three pesticides. The high binding affinity with pesticides and the significant down-regulation of SlituCSP18 by chlorpyrifos suggests that SlituCSP18 is more sensitive to pesticide treatment and may play an important role in mediating the interaction of the olfactory system and the pesticide. This study can help us understand the role of CSP proteins in the adaption of S. litura to the environment.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 149
·期 7
·1090-1104
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IF 2
Arushi Mahajan,Meena Devi,Pallvi Mehra,Amarjeet Kaur,Sanehdeep Kaur
Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), known for its ravenous feeding habits, is a polyphagous pest with a high reproductive rate, often developing resistance to most of the conventional insecticides, posing a substantial pest management challenge. Chlorantraniliprole (CTPR) is an anthranilic diamide insecticide, which is widely used against lepidopteran pests, including S. litura . Understanding the physiological and biochemical alterations associated with CTPR resistance is crucial for effective resistance management. Our research aimed to investigate the overall impact of CTPR on nutritional parameters, and biochemical and immunological responses in laboratory-selected susceptible (Unsel-Lab) and resistant (CTPR-Sel) S. litura populations. Results showed a reduction in nutritional parameters and digestive enzyme activity, with a more pronounced decline in the CTPR-Sel population. In contrast, detoxification enzyme activities (MFO, GST, EST, ACP and AKP), along with AChE, were significantly elevated, suggesting an adaptive response to CTPR exposure, with the CTPR-Sel population exhibiting a stronger detoxification capacity. Antioxidant enzyme assay indicated increased SOD activity but decreased CAT activity in both populations, reflecting oxidative stress. Immune response markers, including total haemocyte count, lysozyme and phenoloxidase activity, showed significant variations between the two populations, suggesting differential immune-physiological adaptations. These findings highlight the physiological trade-offs associated with CTPR resistance in S. litura and emphasise the necessity of integrated pest management strategies to mitigate resistance development.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Jianguo Feng,Qianwei Liang,Zhiyang Chen,Yifei Tan,Tianzhen Jiang,Sa Dong
The design and development of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers hold the promise of the smart delivery of pesticides to target organisms. Herein, we successfully prepared mesoporous silica nanoparticles using the self-templating method, which were grafted with both N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and cyclodextrin (CD) and loaded with indoxacarb (IN) to afford a pesticide release system with a dual-stimulated response of temperature and α-amylase, referred to as IN@MSNs@NIPAM@CD. Physicochemical characterisation revealed the successful preparation of IN@MSNs@NIPAM@CD with 46.30 % indoxacarb loading. The results showed that IN@MSNs@NIPAM@CD was able to release IN rapidly in the environment of high temperature and α-Amylase, with excellent dual-responsive property. The UV resistance evaluation showed that IN@MSNs@NIPAM@CD could effectively improve the photodegradation resistance of indoxacarb. Fluorescent inverted microscope showed that FITC@MSNs@NIPAM@CD has excellent uptake and translocation properties in corn plants. Bioactivity tests showed that at 14 d, IN@MSNs@NIPAM@CD (LC 50 = 9.83 mg L −1 ) exhibited higher insecticidal activity and longer effective duration than IN@EC (LC 50 = 14.64 mg L −1 ). Acute toxicity test revealed that the IN@MSNs@NIPAM@CD nanoparticles were less acutely toxic to earthworms, zebrafish, BEAS-2B cells and MSNs@NIPAM@CD nanocarriers were safe for the growth of corn. Thus, the dual-responsive nano-controlled-release formulation of IN@MSNs@NIPAM@CD can provide an effective way of achieving the precise delivery and reduced use of pesticides.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2022
·Vol. 23
·期 16
·9064
·
IF 6.208
Yan Song,Fengming Gu,Zhixiang Liu,Zongnan Li,Fu’an Wu,Sheng Sheng
Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a key enzyme in the lipid synthesis pathway, however, its roles in insects remain largely unknown. Here, we firstly identified twoFASgenes from the transcriptome dataset of the general cutwormSpodoptera litura, which is a destructive insect pest of many crops. BothSlFAS1andSlFAS2were highly expressed in third instar larvae and in their fat bodies. Then, we successfully silencedSlFAS1in third instar larvae and the content of α-linolenic acid and triglyceride was significantly decreased. Besides that, the effect of FAS on the metamorphic development inS. liturawas evaluated. The results indicate that after silencingSlFAS1, the survival rates ofS. lituralarvae decreased significantly compared to the control groups. SilencingSlFAS1in fifth instar larvae resulted in more malformed pupae and adults, and the emergence rates were significantly reduced. Furthermore, the ecdysone content in the haemolymph of fifth instar larvae was significantly decreased after silencingSlFAS1. In addition, knocking downSlFAS1significantly alters the expression of other key genes in the lipogenesis pathway, implying that FAS has an impact on the lipogenesis pathway. The present study deepens the understanding of FAS in insects and provides novel potential targets for managing insect pests.Keywords:fatty acid synthase (FAS);Spodoptera litura;lipid metabolism;metamorphosis;RNA interference
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Zhong Qiang Jia,Su Gui Zhang,Ying Wang,Jun Heng Pan,Fei Fan Liu,En Ling Zhan,Eman Atef Fouad,Ya Li Fu,Qi Rui Pan,Chun Qing Zhao
In insect ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (iGABAR) subunits, only resistance to dieldrin (RDL) can be individually and functionally expressed in vitro. In lepidopteran, two to three RDL subtypes are identified; however, their physiological roles have not been distinguished in vivo. In this study, SlRdl1 and SlRdl2 of S. litura were individually knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9, respectively. The mortality and larval and pupal duration of KOSlRdl1 and KOSlRdl2 were increased. The flight time and distance were increased by 43.30%–80.66% and 58.96%–198.22%, respectively, in KOSlRdl1. The GABA-induced current was significantly decreased by 53.57%–74.28% and 46.91%–63.34% in the ventral nerve cord, and the GABA titer was significantly reduced by 17.65%–28.05% and 19.85%–42.46% in KOSlRdl1 and KOSlRdl2, respectively. In conclusion, SlRdl1 and SlRdl2 are necessary for the transmission of GABA-induced neural signals; however, only SlRdl1 could regulate the flight capability of S. litura. Our results provided a new avenue to study lepidopteran iGABARs.
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