FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
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2026
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IF 13.8
Mengyao Liu,Hualei Chen,Fei Pan,Yanhong Liu,Yunping Yao,Wenli Tian,Bin Dong,Guozhong Zhao
Tenebrio molitor larva protein (TMP) is a highly promising new sustainable insect protein source. However, the single-phase gel has the defects of poor elasticity and loose structure, which significantly limits its application. This study systematically investigated the regulation mechanism of structure, rheological properties and physicochemical properties of TMP gel of different concentrations of transglutaminase (TGase) and chitosan (CS). The results showed that the addition of TGase at 1.5% CS could effectively improve the microstructure and macroscopic properties of the composite gels, and all gels exhibited typical elastic solid behavior. When the concentration of TGase was 80 U/g, the composite gel exhibited the best gel strength and anti-deformation ability. Its gel hardness (197.89 g), creep recovery rate (80.83%) and water retention capacity (40.22%) all reached the highest values. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results further revealed that the mechanism by which TGase and CS enhance the properties of TMP gels lies in the synergistic effect between the covalent isopeptide bonds catalyzed by TGase and the noncovalent interactions strengthened by CS. This synergistic effect induces an ordered transition in the secondary structure of proteins, resulting in the formation of a denser, more stable, and more regularly arranged gel network structure. In conclusion, this study elucidated the molecular mechanism by which TGase and CS synergistically drive the reconfiguration of the TMP gel network, and clarified the intrinsic relationship between performance enhancement and structural evolution. This provides a solid theoretical basis for the texture optimization, performance regulation, and industrial application of insect-based functional gels.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Shengqi Zhan,Huaming Zheng,Shusen Mo,Feng You,Wingho Lai,Qun Yi
Plastic packaging causes significant environmental pollution despite its widespread use and convenience. To address the adverse environmental impact of plastic packaging, substituting traditional plastics with biodegradable polymers and degrading them via composting or soil burial has emerged as a mitigation strategy. However, various factors impede degradation efficiency during these processes, extending degradation times and increasing costs. This study introduced an innovative fully biodegradable film composed of bamboo fiber (BF) and poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), utilizing Tenebrio molitor larvae for biological erosion to generate metabolites that rapidly degrade in soil. To enhance larval consumption, we employed novel strategies: extending the larval period to 17 weeks through low-temperature (18 °C) and prolonged light exposure (24 h), and pretreating films with solid-state fermentation (SSF) to reduce puncture strength to 0.018 MPa. The results indicate that under extended larval conditions, total film consumption reached ∼300 g per 100 larvae; after bioerosion, PBAT molecular weight decreased by ∼10-fold; and metabolized BF/PBAT film residues achieved complete soil homogenization within 4 weeks, enabling rapid degradation while reducing processing time and costs.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2021
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IF 10.588
Bo-Yu Peng,Zhibin Chen,Jiabin Chen,Xuefei Zhou,Wei-Min Wu,Yalei Zhang
Polylactic acid (PLA) is biodegraded rapidly under composting or thermophilic temperature but slowly under natural conditions with substantial microplastics generated. In this study, we examined the feasibility of PLA biodegradation and developed a novel approach for PLA waste management using yellow mealworms ( Tenebrio molitor larvae) to achieve biodegradation and resource recovery simultaneously. Results confirmed PLA biodegradation in mealworms as sole PLA and PLA-bran mixtures (10%, 20%, 30% and 50% PLA, wt/wt). Feeding PLA-bran mixtures supported the larval development with higher survival rates and lower cannibal rates than feeding PLA only at ambient temperature. The PLA conversion efficiency was 90.9% with 100% PLA diet and was around 81.5–86.9% with PLA-bran mixtures. A peak insect biomass yield was achieved at a PLA ratio of 20%. PLA biodegradation was verified via detection of chemical and thermal modifications. Gut microbial community analysis indicated that intestinal communities shifted with PLA biodegradation, resulting in clusters with OTUs unique to the PLA diet. Based on these findings, we propose a circular approach for PLA waste management via resource recovery of used PLA as the feedstock for insect biomass production, management of mealworm excrement waste as fertilizer, and utilization of agricultural products for PLA production.
研究领域:
环境科学
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生物学
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微生物学
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 11.3
Qing Qiu,Xuejian Sun,Han Li,Dandan Zhou,Hongliang Huo
Solid plastic waste has become a pressing environmental challenge worldwide. Tenebrio molitor possesses a unique ability to ingest plastics and straw. In this study, a dominant bacterial strain was isolated from its gut under the combined induction of polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and lignin, and was identified as Lysinibacillus fusiformis Tm-07. Genome sequencing revealed that Tm-07 harbors a wide range of genes related to carbon metabolism. Further investigations demonstrated that Tm-07 can form biofilms on plastic surfaces and secrete extracellular enzymes, thereby reducing surface hydrophobicity and generating new functional groups; notably, PS and PE as carbon sources significantly enhanced bacterial survival. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that multicopper oxidase laccase was the key enzyme markedly upregulated under PS, PE, and lignin conditions. Combined with degradation product analysis, the molecular mechanisms underlying Tm-07-mediated PS and PE degradation were elucidated, and a corresponding degradation model was proposed. This study provides an important microbial resource and molecular insights for plastic biodegradation.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2020
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IF 6.306
Ricardo A. Wu,Qingzhi Ding,Litao Yin,Xiuwei Chi,Nianzhen Sun,Ronghai He,Lin Luo,Haile Ma,Zhikun Li
There is increasing interest in using insects as an alternative nutrient source and Mysore thorn borer (MTB) ( Anoplophora chinensis ) might have nutritional and functional relevance for humans. The nutritional composition of MTB (amino acids, fatty acids, and elements profiles) was examined and compared with mealworm larva (MWL) ( Tenebrio molitor ). MTB was found to contain 19 amino acids, including all essential amino acids. A total of 16 fatty acids were detected including polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g. α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid). Moreover, MTB had a low n − 6/n − 3 ratio and contained some essential elements, such as iron, zinc, calcium, and potassium. These results demonstrated that MTB might be a potential source of nutritional compounds for human consumption.
研究领域:
营养学
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昆虫学
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Parasites & Vectors
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2021
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-11
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IF 3.876
Nwanade Chuks F.,Wang Min,Wang Tianhong,Zhang Xiaoyu,Wang Can,Yu Zhijun,Liu Jingze
Background The tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Neumann) is a well-known vector of numerous pathogens of veterinary and medical importance. Various control strategies, including the use of synthetic pesticides, have been developed to control this tick species. However, demand for effective and safe alternative pesticides is increasing due to the adverse effects associated with the intensive and injudicious use of synthetic pesticides, which include undesirable effects on non-target species and environmental pollution. Hence, the acaricidal activity of the extract and the essential oil of Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) and their major components, and the underlying mechanisms of this activity, were evaluated against unfed larvae and nymphs of H . longicornis . Methods The components of the extract and essential oil of C. cassia were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and their larvicidal and nymphicidal activity were evaluated using the larval and nymphal packet test. The underlying detoxification mechanism was elucidated by targeting in vivo esterase and monooxygenase activity, and the toxicological effect was assessed on non-target Tenebrio molitor and Harmonia axyridis by topical application in open Petri dishes. Results ( E )-cinnamaldehyde was the predominant component of the extract (50.79%) and essential oil (89.95%). The 50% lethal concentration (LC 50 ) for larvae and nymphs treated with the extract was 11.56 and 49.18 mg/mL, respectively. The essential oil, ( E )-cinnamaldehyde and fenvalerate exhibited acaricidal activity, with LC 50 values of 3.81, 3.15, and 0.14 mg/mL, respectively, against the larvae, and 21.31, 16.93, and 1.89 mg/mL, respectively, against the nymphs. ( E )-cinnamaldehyde significantly increased esterase and monooxygenase activity in both larvae and nymphs. Unlike fenvalerate, C . cassia essential oil and ( E )-cinnamaldehyde did not cause mortality of T . molitor or H . axyridis adults. Conclusions This study demonstrates that C . cassia essential oil and ( E )-cinnamaldehyde have the potential to be developed into botanical-based larvicidal and nymphicidal agents for tick control. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
植物学
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昆虫学
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农药科学
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兽医学
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AQUACULTURE
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2022
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IF 5.135
Lukuan Li,Yu Wang,Zhen Zhang,Chunfang Wang
The novel proteins, i.e., Clostridium autoethanogenum (CAP), Tenebrio molitor (TM), Chlorella vulgaris (ChM), and cottonseed protein concentrate (CSM), are promising food for the future aquaculture due to the limited fishmeal (FM) resources. However, in-depth investigations on the intestinal barriers of fish when fed novel proteins are sparse, and the association between intestinal flora and physiological biomarkers is still unknown. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets comprising various proteins were developed, with fishmeal serving as the control and novel proteins as the experimental diets. Largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) with an initial body weight of 211.9 ± 1.2 g were used as experimental model and fed with these five diets for eight weeks. The findings from the current study indicated that the intestinal histological structure as well as immunochemistry barrier performance of the ChM, CAP, and TM groups were superior to those of the CSM and FM groups, despite the fact that the villi height of FM was the greatest of all groups. Similarly, the intestinal inflammatory response and the permeability were elevated in CSM while decreased in ChM, CAP, and TM group. Concerning the intestinal short fatty acids (SCFAs), the levels in the CAP as well as ChM group were greater than the other proteins. From the data analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the abundance of opportunistic pathogens including (Ralstonia , Acinetobacter , Aeromonas , and Protebacteria) were higher in CSM group while attenuated in ChM, CAP and TM group. In addition, the abundance of nine types of intestinal-barriers-repairing probiotics were elevated in all novel proteins compared with the fishmeal group. These altered microbiota were highly correlated with intestinal inflammatory response, antioxidant status, immunochemistry barrier, physical barrier and SCFAs indexes by Mantel test and Pearson's correlation analysis. Collectively, the ranking of the beneficial functions among these five proteins was ChM > CAP>TM > FM > CSM according to Z -score and this study provides in-depth data manifesting the effects of novel proteins on the gut health status of large-size largemouth bass.
研究领域:
水产养殖
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营养学
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微生物学
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免疫学
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生物信息学
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