JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2025
·
IF 1.9
Zhen Cheng,WenQi Wang,XiuMei Tai,Tao Geng
The research successfully produced stable nanoemulsions by incorporating nonionic emulsifiers and environmentally friendly natural waxes. The primary focus of the study was to investigate the specific contributions of nonionic emulsifiers toward enhancing the stability of emulsions. The examination of emulsion properties in the study sheds light on how both formulation and processing methods impact the overall characteristics of the emulsions. The process of natural wax formation in the study involved using a mixture containing 10 wt% of natural wax, and 12 wt% of a complex emulsifier with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 9.86. The emulsification was carried out at a temperature of 95 °C, with a stirring speed of 900 r/min, and an emulsification time of 10 min. The wax emulsion is stabilized by a nonionic emulsifier that creates a protective film at the interface between the water and wax. This film effectively prevents the two substances from separating, thus maintaining the stability of the emulsion. The amount of nonionic emulsifier in the interfacial film can be changed by adjusting the HLB value, the ratio of emulsifier, and the ratio of natural wax. In this way, the thickness and area of the interfacial film can be varied to regulate the particle size, zeta potential, and viscosity of the emulsion. When only the emulsification process is adjusted, the properties of the emulsion have the same trend.
研究领域:
胶体科学
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食品化学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·Vol. 120
·期 4
·1700444
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IF 2.2
Zongyao Huyan,Shaoxuan Ding,Xiuzhu Yu,Xiaoli Liu
A synthesis method is developed from a reaction between hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) and ethylenediamine to prepare a product to coat paperboard. For highest conversion rate, a molar ratio of 1:3 of HCO and ethylenediamine reacted at 130 °C for 2.5 h. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirm the obtained product is a wax combining HCO with two amide groups. The melting point of the diamide wax is 130 °C. The hardness of the wax is harder than that of other waxes (over eight times to beeswax and over four times to paraffin wax) except carnauba wax. In addition, the cohesiveness of the HCO diamide wax is slightly poorer than that of others. In coating paperboard application, the performance of diamide wax in compression force of all treatments is similar to that of carnauba wax and better than that of other waxes although soaking allows paperboard coated with the wax to have wax loss and compression force loss. The results show that the HCO wax with diamide group can be a good coating material on paperboard. Practical Applications : The synthesis method is used to prepare a good coating material. The HCO material is confirmed to be diamide wax after structure confirmation by FTIR and NMR. This diamide wax shows good physical properties and plays well in coating paperboard for its high adhesive rate and good compression force with or without soaking or heating. It also shows a good adhesive ability while heating. The application test presents that the HCO-based diamide wax is good substitute for other wax such as carnauba wax for coating. A synthesis method by the reaction between hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) and ethylenediamine is used to prepare a coating material. After conducting several attempts, a molar ratio of 1:3 of HCO and ethylenediamine reacted at 130 °C for 2.5 h to acquire the final product. The HCO product is confirmed to be diamide wax after structure confirmation by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The properties of diamide wax are evaluated by texture analyzer and differential scanning calorimetry. By evaluating the coating ability on paperboard, results show that the diamide wax is a good coating material.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2018
·
IF 8.097
Yuan Lu,Xiudi Xiao,Yongjun Zhan,Changmeng Huan,Shuai Qi,Haoliang Cheng,Gang Xu
Paraffin wax (PW) is widely used for smart thermoregulation materials due to its good thermal performance. However, the leakage and low thermal conductivity of PW hinder its application in the heat storage field. Accordingly, developing effective methods to address these issues is of great importance. In this study, we explored a facile approach to obtain PW-loaded core-sheath structured flexible nanofibers films via coaxial electrospinning technique. The PW as the core layer was successfully encapsulated by the sheath-layer poly(methyl methacrylate). The diameter of the fiber core increased from 395 to 848 nm as the core solution speed rate increased from 0.1 to 0.5 mL/h. In addition, it can be seen that higher core solution speed rate could lead to higher PW encapsulation efficiency according to the transmission electron microscopy results. The core-sheath nanofiber films, moreover, possessed the highest latent heat of 58.25 J/g and solidifying enthalpy of –56.49 J/g. In addition, we found that after 200 thermal cycles, there was little change in latent heat, which demonstrated that it is beneficial for the PW-loaded core-sheath structure to overcome the leakage issue and enhance thermal stability properties for the thermoregulation film.
研究领域:
材料科学
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热能工程
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纳米技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2020
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IF 6.306
Yifeng Chai,Ang Li,Su Chit Wai,Congcong Song,Yaoyao Zhao,Yuquan Duan,Baiqing Zhang,Qiong Lin
Cuticular wax chemicals differ among fruit cultivars and contribute to storage ability. However, wax analysis in apple cultivars, particularly during storage, has not been described. In this work, the chemicals and crystal structures of cuticular wax in 10 apple cultivars were analyzed to observe wax functions in apple during storage. Results showed that alkanes and primary alcohols decreased while fatty acids increased in stored fruits of all cultivars compared with the fruits before storage. Terpenoids , aldehydes, and phenols were observed in stored fruits but not in the fruits before storage in all cultivars except ‘Red Star’ fruit. The weight loss rate was significantly correlated with six components including C13 alcohol, C14 alkanes, total alkanes, total wax, C13 alkanes and C54 alkanes in 10 cultivar apple fruits during storage. Our findings indicate that the total wax, particularly alkanes, in the peel of apple fruits is essential for storage and quality control.
研究领域:
植物学
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食品科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Haoguan Gui,Jieyi Chen,Tiantian Yang,Shixiang Zuo,Xiazhang Li,Chao Yao,Fuxin Liang
A series of Janus hemispheres with a patchy hemispherical surface and a flat undersurface were synthesized through controlled polymerization-induced phase separation within emulsified wax droplets. The hemispherical shape was generated through the polymerization of styrene within wax droplets, followed by the grafting of hydrophilic polymers on the exposed surface. Then, the patchy hemispherical surface was achieved after introducing the hydrophobic acrylate monomers within wax droplets and controlling the polymerization-induced phase separation. The morphological evolution of patches was recorded via the reaction time, followed by their morphological regulation through the type, feeding amount, and cross-linking degree of acrylate monomers. A functional monomer, vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC), was also used to copolymerize the patches for grafting a zwitterionic polymer via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The as-obtained Janus hemispheres were employed to fabricate robust coatings with wettability tuned from superhydrophobicity to underwater superoleophobicity by the grafted zwitterionic polymers.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Haopeng Zhang,Qingshan Xie,Haibo Ding,Yanjun Qiu
In cold region, crystalline wax can continuously precipitate from the asphalt binder distilled from the crude oil after cooling, which seriously damages cracking resistance of the asphalt pavement at the low-temperature. Few researchers have developed wax inhibitors (WIs) to inhibit wax crystallization in the asphalt field and existing WIs only focus on direct interaction with wax crystals. Herein, the ionic liquid (IL) modified with different commonly used concentrations of graphene oxide (GO) (0.3 %, 0.6 %, 0.9 %, 1.2 % IL) was synthesized as novel WI through in situ polymerization from the new perspective that the dispersed asphaltenes could inhibit wax crystal network. The successfully synthesized nanocomposites at the optimal content (900 ppm) and component (IL-0.6 %GO) reduced wax precipitation temperature (WPT) of asphalt binders by 14 °C, and the synergistic effect of IL and GO in the nanocomposite has most significant effect on wax inhibition than the existing WIs (IL and Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)). IL indirectly inhibits wax crystal network by dispersing asphaltenes through π - π interactions and charge transfers from IL to asphaltenes, which is superior to the direct reduction of wax crystals by PMMA. Therefore, it is very effective and promising to synthesize nanocomposites as wax inhibitors from the new perspective of dispersing asphaltenes compared with existing WIs to improve the low-temperature performance of asphalt.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Mengxiang Zhu,Daofa Ying,Huaran Zhang,Xiaojuan Xu,Chunyu Chang
Biodegradable cellulose films have high mechanical strength, excellent flexibility, and good transparency, which are potential candidate materials to replace petroleum-based packaging materials and disposable products. However, the poor hydrophobicity of cellulose films seriously limits their practical application. Herein, self-healing hydrophobic films were fabricated by incorporating natural wax into cellulose matrix. The effects of types of natural waxes, wax content, and annealing temperature on the performances of films were systematically investigated. The resultant films exhibited good hydrophobicity (water contact angle: ∼120°), and high tensile strength (>120 MPa), which could be completely biodegraded in natural soil (within 81 days). Importantly, the self-healing of hydrophobic films could be achieved by releasing wax from inside to surface of cellulose matrix during the annealing process. This work demonstrated a facile strategy for designing and developing hydrophobic and self-healable cellulose-based materials for packaging materials to replace petrochemical plastics, which is conducive to alleviate environmental problems caused by nondegradable plastic pollution.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 2
·192
·
IF 5.1
Yujie Hou,Sitong Zhou,Shiqi Liu,Peng Jin,Yonghua Zheng,Zhengguo Wu
Mechanical damage and microbial contamination are major challenges in the postharvest logistics of perishable fruit. In this study, two types of functionally modified chitosan-based aerogel pads were developed to enhance cushioning and preservation of wax apples. A chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (CP) aerogel was first optimized by adjusting solid content, CS:PVA ratio, and crosslinker concentration. The optimal formulation (2% solids, 1:1 CS: PVA, 3% glutaraldehyde) exhibited a uniform porous structure and improved compressive strength. A chitosan/montmorillonite (CM) aerogel with 5% montmorillonite (MMT) showed high porosity, low density, and excellent cyclic stability. Incorporating 10% copper nanoparticle-loaded antibacterial fibers (CuNPs-TNF) into CM aerogels yielded CM-Cu aerogels with enhanced cushioning and antimicrobial properties. Under simulated transport and cold storage conditions, all aerogel-packaged groups reduced mechanical damage and decay of wax apples. Compared to the control, the CM-Cu group showed 66% lower decay, 5% less weight loss, 6 N greater firmness, 7% less juice yield, and a 13% reduction in relative electrical conductivity. Additionally, it better preserved fruit color and total soluble solids, extending shelf life by 4 d at 20 °C. These results demonstrate the potential of chitosan-based aerogels as multifunctional packaging materials that combine mechanical protection with antimicrobial activity for perishable fruit preservation.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects
·
2023
·
IF 2.9
Jiaqiang Jing,Lequan Zhuang,Rinat Karimov,Jie Sun,Xingtang Zhang,Hang Yang
There are several flow assurance problems for the energy development in deep-water, the coexistence of wax and hydrate resulting to multi-solid phase deposition is among the most difficult to overcome. The results of an experimental study on the effect of wax content, water cut, subcooling and static time on the CP hydrate-forming mixtures are reported. The droplet distribution at different wax contents is determined by using microscopic observation method. Using dynamic stress measurements method, a correlation between rheological properties and water cut is obtained. Hydrate nucleation, growth, dissociation, and slurry rheological properties, including critical time, growth time, final viscosity, and yield properties are determined. Results indicated that wax inhibit hydrate nucleation and growth, but the viscosity of hydrate slurry in waxy system is still higher than wax-free system due to the wax-hydrate aggregates contribute more to the viscosity of the system. The structure of hydrate slurry containing wax system is more stable and more difficult to be damaged by shear. Wax increases the hydrate slurry yield stress, and this effect is more significant at higher water cut and longer static times. The yield stress of the hydrate slurry was linearly related to the water cut. 35% was the critical water cut. Below the critical water cut, the slurry had better flow ability and less yield stress. Above the critical water cut, the yield stress increased significantly with water cut. The yield stress increased with increasing static time and decreases with increasing temperature. Nevertheless, the coupling effect of temperature with water cut and wax content was complex. Below 3 wt% wax content, temperature only has a significant effect on the yield stress of slurries with 40% and 50% water cut. Above 3 wt% wax content, temperature has a significant effect on the yield stress of all slurries with a 20–50% water cut. No ice formation in the CP hydrate-forming mixtures at −4°C, and the dissociation temperature of the hydrate decreases as the concentration of CP in the oil phase decreases.
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Hongxi Zhu,Chuanji Ye,Ying Chen,Tianyu Wang,Yiyan Gao,Guanghui Gao
The preparation of water-based, fluorine-free superhydrophobic coatings is of significant importance to the environment. Herein, a series of environmentally friendly products derived from polyethylene wax (PEW) were developed. Initially, polyethylene wax was melt-grafted with itaconic acid (IA) monomers; the resulting grafted product was then used as the oil phase to prepare a water-based emulsion through high-pressure emulsification. Subsequently, alkyl siloxane and hydrophilic nano-silica were incorporated into the emulsion. The interaction between alkyl siloxane and emulsion particles forms an effective bridge connecting organic and inorganic components, while the nano-silica was hydrophobically modified via a coupling reaction. Finally, the mixture was applied to various substrates using a four-sided coating device. Experimental results demonstrate that the composite coating exhibits excellent superhydrophobicity, corrosion resistance, and UV resistance. These results provide new insights for the novel application of polyethylene wax and the development of environmentally friendly superhydrophobic coatings.
研究领域:
材料科学
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表面化学
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涂层技术
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环境工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2021
·
IF 3.605
Xin Lv,Xiaojiang Li,Yang Ge,Qingping Li,Hongsheng Lu
In this work, the approach for separating paraffin wax is proposed by using Span 80 combined with switchable water N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine (TMHDA), where the emulsification of paraffin wax can be promoted and paraffin wax is also separated sustainably. Here, the Span 80-containing mixture system exhibits an enhanced emulsification ability and CO2-switchable behavior upon the addition of TMHDA. Then, the paraffin wax is effectively emulsified by this switchable system containing Span 80 and TMHDA. Based on the detection of water separation rate, rheological behavior, and micrographs of emulsified paraffin wax, it is found that the emulsification of paraffin wax can be improved by increasing the paraffin wax content and Span 80 content, and the viscosity of the paraffin wax is reduced after emulsification by this switchable system, which ascribes to the dispersion of wax crystals. In addition, the paraffin wax is separated upon introducing CO2, and the TMHDA solution is recovered upon treating with N2 at 65 °C after separating the paraffin wax. The sustainable separation of paraffin wax results from the aggregation of wax crystals because of the reduced obstruction of oil droplets for wax crystals caused by the high ionic strength and the reduced surface activity of this system upon introducing CO2. Herein, it is expected that this sustainable separation can be applied in deposited wax removal in pipelines of crude oil transport.
研究领域:
化学工程
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能源科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Juan Sun,Ran Li,Xiaoyang Wang,Chaocheng Zhao,Quanwei Song,Fang Liu,Zihao Wang,Chunshuang Liu,Xiuxia Zhang
Biodegradable candelilla wax (CW) was creatively used for hydrophobic modification of coal fly ash cenospheres (FACs), a waste product from thermal power plants , and a new spherical hollow particulate adsorbent with fast oil adsorption rate and easy agglomeration was prepared. CW was confirmed to physically coat FACs and the optimum mass of wax added to 3 g of FACs was 0.05 g. From a series of batch scale experiments, CW-FACs were found to adsorb oil, reaching adsorption efficiency of 80.6% within 10 s, and aggregate into floating clumps which were easily removed from the water's surface. The oil adsorption efficiency was highly dependent on hydrophobicity of the used adsorbent, the adsorption of Venezuela oil onto CW-FACs was found to be a homogenous monolayer, and the capacity and intensity of the adsorption decreased as temperature increased from 10 to 40 °C. The Langmuir isotherm model was the best fit, with the maximum adsorption capacity achieved at 649.38 mg/g. CW-FACs were also found to be highly stable in concentrated acid, alkaline and salt solutions, as well as for spills of different oil products. Furthermore, the retention rate of the oil adsorption capacity of the CW-FACs after 6 cycles of adsorption-extraction was as high as 93.2%. Therefore, CW-FACs can be widely used, easily recycled, and reused for marine oil spill remediation, which is also a good alternative disposal solution for FACs.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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