Sensor Letters
·
2014
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·1462-1468
·
IF 0.558
Liu Zhi-Min,Zheng Ying-Ying,Jing Yan-Feng,Li Jie,Zhan Hai-Jun,Shen Qi
A facile, one-step synthesis of ionic liquid-functionalized graphene (IL-GR) nanocomposite using graphene oxide (GO) and amine-terminated ionic liquid (NH2-IL) was first presented through an epoxide ring-opening reaction, then acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was immobilized onto
IL-GR nanocomposite film modified glassy carbon electrode to prepare a highly sensitive AChE biosensor. The morphologies and electrochemistry properties of the composite were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry, respectively.
The nanocomposite not only provided a biocompatible microenvironment to keep the bioactivity of AChE, but also exhibited a strong synergetic effect on improving the sensing properties of phoxim. The immobilized AChE showed favorable affinity to acetylthiocholine (ATCl) and could catalyze the
hydrolysis of ATCl with a Kapp
m
value of 0.143 mM. The proposed biosensor exhibited a detection limit of 6.0 × 10–11 M (S/N = 3) towards phoxim. Besides, the biosensor is easy to prepare, have good stability, and will have potential application
in organophosphate pesticides.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
·
生物技术
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 3.849
Jianjun Guo,Xiaoliang Wang,Wenrong Wang,Lingling Jia,Wei Guo,Guohua Wu
Background Phoxim is a widely used organophosphorus pesticide in agriculture. People are paying more and more attention to its toxicity. At present, there is no appropriate way to solve the phoxim poisoning of silkworm , which severely affected the development of sericulture . Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , Rb + exerted their biological effects through various forms in vivo . Methods To evaluate the effect of Fe 2+ /Cu 2+ /Rb + on phoxim poisoning in silkworm, Bombyx mori were treated with fresh mulberry leaves soaked in 2.5 mg/L phoxim for 2 min with 50 mg/L FeCl 2 , 150 mg/L CuCl 2 , or 0.5 mg/L RbCl from 5 days of the fifth-instar silkworm. Results Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Rb + pretreatments significantly inhibited the phoxim-induced reduction of survival rate and alleviated the phoxim-induced poisoning symptoms. The protective effects of Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Rb + on phoxim poisoning might be due to their enhancement of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and carboxylesterase (CarE) in the hemolymph and fat body of silkworm. This enhancement might reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and oxidative stress (OS) caused by phoxim poisoning. Thereby it reduced the damage to silkworm tissues and cells. Conclusions These results showed that Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Rb + treatments protected the silkworm from phoxim poisoning by directly enhancing the activity of SOD, CAT, and CarE enzymes and reducing oxidative stress, but not dependent on the high expression of CYP genes. The use of Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Rb + to enhance the activity of SOD, CAT, and CarE enzymes may be an underlying effective way to solve phoxim poisoning in the silkworm industry.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
毒理学
·
农业
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Siying Che,Gaoqiong Deng,Yaoyu Qi,Xiutan Peng,Haiyan Fu,Yuanbin She
Residues of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) raise considerable concern, while achieving high enough detection sensitivity is still a challenge for on-site fluorescence techniques. Herein, we report a “double-end samplification” strategy by encapsulating a low-emission fluorescent ion probe [DCF][P66614]2 into a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) hydrophobic core to form ionic luminescent micelles. At the probe end, ionic liquid micelles locally concentrated the probes, achieving a 350-fold fluorescence enhancement. Benefiting from the strong fluorescence characteristics of DCFP@CTAB, the electron transfer effect between phoxim and DCFP@CTAB, and the fluorescence “turn-off” caused by phoxim, fluorometric and colorimetric methods for simple and sensitive determination of phoxim were proposed. At the analyte end, electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic micellar cavities enhanced phoxim adsorption, improving the fluorescence quenching efficiency by 149%. Under optimized experimental conditions, this sensing platform with a “turn-off” pattern achieves visual limits of detection of 1.7 × 10–7 M and 3.0 × 10–8 M for colorimetric and fluorescence patterns, respectively. Besides, to meet the demand for convenient detection of phoxim, a self-correcting portable paper-based device was constructed, which enabled on-site quantitative analysis of phoxim with a LOD of 0.3 μM. This work represents the first attempt to assemble an ionic liquid with a surfactant, effectively improving the sensitive detection of trace pesticide residues and providing a method for on-the-spot monitoring of food safety.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境监测
·
食品安全
·
荧光传感器
·
纳米技术
·
农药残留检测
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.2
Fengjie Liu,Peijie Cheng,Lei Li,Wei Li,Chengjie Tu,Jing Shan,Wenjing Xiao,Jie Liu,Yu Peng,Yang Zhu
BACKGROUND Phoxim, a widely used organophosphate insecticide, poses potential risks to non-target natural enemies. Hylyphantes graminicola is a dominant predatory spider in agroecosystems, yet the sublethal effects and transgenerational impacts remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the physiological, molecular, and microbial changes in H. graminicola induced by low lethal concentration of phoxim exposure across two successive generations. RESULTS Laboratory bioassays determined the LC 30 of phoxim to be 9.442 mg/L. Exposure at this concentration significantly reduced female longevity but increased fecundity in both F 0 and F 1 generations, suggesting a potential hormetic effect. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that reproduction-related genes were significantly upregulated in the F 0 generation, whereas detoxification genes were markedly expressed in the F 1 generation. Functional validation through RNAi confirmed that vitellogenin ( Vg ) and cytochrome P450 ( CYP2J1 ) are crucial in reproduction and detoxification, respectively. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) was also found to be involved in regulatory phoxim exposure. Moreover, microbiome profiling demonstrated substantial shifts across generations, including decreased Wolbachia and increased Candidatus_Cardinium abundance, which may be related to the observed increase in fecundity. The results showed that a low lethal concentration of phoxim exposure can trigger complex physiological and microbial changes across generations. CONCLUSION These findings underscore the necessity of optimizing insecticide application intervals within Integrated Pest Management (IPM) frameworks to preserve biological control provided by beneficial arthropods. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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PubMed
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Junjie Qi,Wenhui Hao,Jingkun Li,Yuqi Wan,Guoyong Jiang,Yukihiro Ozaki,Fuwei Pi
Phoxim is a broad-spectrum organophosphorus pesticide widely used in the world; however, its neurotoxicity and potential risk pose a significant threat to human health and ecosystems. To address this issue, based on the same metal clusters and similar topologies, a MOF-on-MOF composite strategy, i.e., PCN222(Fe)@NU-1000, was developed for rapid evaluation of phoxim via ratiometric fluorescence and colorimetric dual-signal output. Herein, the inner core, PCN222(Fe), imparts peroxidase-like catalytic activity enabling colorimetric detection based on the 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and the solution decolourisation caused by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) products, while the outer shell, NU-1000, provides a strong fluorescence emission at 461 nm. This core-shell structure also facilitates fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), whereby phoxim selectively quenches the fluorescence of NU-1000 without affecting PCN222(Fe), enabling ratiometric fluorescence sensing. This integrated dual-signal system-comprising ratiometric fluorescence and enzyme-mimetic colorimetry-ensures signal cross-verification and improved detection accuracy. The fluorescence mode exhibits a quantification range of 5.0 ng/mL to 4.0 μg/mL with a detection limit of 4.0 ng/mL, while the colorimetric mode shows a linear range from 2.5 ng/mL to 25.0 ng/mL and a detection limit of 1.76 ng/mL. Furthermore, the method accurately evaluates phoxim levels in fruits and vegetables such as apples and celery, achieving recoveries ranging from 95 % to 115 % and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 9 %. This MOF-on-MOF dual-signal sensing strategy is designed to be simple, user-friendly, and highly reliable, providing significant value for the development of rapid and sensitive approaches in food and environmental science.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
食品科学
·
纳米技术
·
传感器技术
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xinran Wang,Xufeng Zang,Xin Wang,Wenjie Zhang,Yishan Fang,Bo Cui
The common detection methods of phoxim mostly rely on the output mode of single signal, which is easily disturbed by complex environmental media and causes errors. Herein, in order to improve the reliability of detection, we developed a dual-mode detection strategy based on nanozyme for the detection of phoxim. Firstly, manganese-nitrogen co-doped carbon nanozyme (Mn@NC) with peroxidase-like activity was synthesized by one-step pyrolysis, which was used to construct in the luminol-H 2 O 2 electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technology. Among them, Mn@NC can act as a co-reaction promoter to catalyze H 2 O 2 to produce large amounts of hydroxyl radicals ( • OH), thereby significantly amplifying the cathode signal of luminol and improving the stability of the signal. Benefiting from the specific selection of phoxim by MIP, this molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIECL) mode has considerable sensitivity and selectivity, with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.011 ng/mL (S/N = 3). Moreover, the • OH produced by Mn@NC-catalyzed H 2 O 2 oxidized the colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to blue oxidized TMB (oxTMB). Taking advantage of the fact that the simultaneous presence of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and acetylthiocholine (ATCh) inhibited the activity of Mn@NC. A sensitive and simple colorimetric pesticide sensing platform was constructed by combining the nanozyme with the TMB-H 2 O 2 system to achieve the colorimetric detection of phoxim, with the LOD as low as 1.27 ng/mL. The dual-mode sensor was successfully applied to the determination of phoxim in agricultural products with satisfactory results, showing its great potential in the monitoring of food hazards.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
食品安全
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2021
·
IF 6.558
Xingyan Huo,Lizhen Liu,Yunfeng Bai,Jun Qin,Lin Yuan,Feng Feng
In this work, we reported the first use of a novel fluorescent probe for phoxim detection based on yellowish-green emissive carbon quantum dots (CQDs). By facile one-pot hydrothermal treatment of citric acid and p-phenylenediamine, the CQDs with yellowish-green luminescence were synthesized. The sensing mechanism is based on the quenching effect of phoxim on the fluorescence emission of CQDs by inner filter effect (IFE). The CQDs showed a good sensitivity and selectivity to phoxim detection and dual good linear relationships were provided in the concentration ranges of 1–10 μM and 10–98 μM, associated with the limit of detection of 0.09 μM. The proposed assay has been allowed to detect phoxim in real samples with satisfying recoveries ranging from 93 to 105.9%. Furthermore, due to the low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared CQDs was successfully used for cell imaging, demonstrating the considerable potential applications of such CQDs in biological field.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
分析化学
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生物医学工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 1.1
Qing-Hua Xiao,Wu-Ye Li,Jin Zhang,Jia-Min Yu,Dong-Yang Liu,Jiang-Nan Peng,Mao-Ye Li,Su Liu
In insects, the transcription factor cap ‘n’ collar isoform C (CncC) plays a critical role in the regulation of multiple genes involved in insecticide detoxification. Knockdown of CncC genes leads to increased susceptibility to different types of insecticides in several insect species. However, the CncC gene has not yet been fully characterized in the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon , a notorious insect pest that causes severe damage to field crops. In this study, the CncC gene (designated AiCncC ) was identified from A. ipsilon . Exposure to a median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of chlorantraniliprole (CAP) or phoxim (PHO) strongly increased the expression of AiCncC . Silencing of AiCncC by RNA interference significantly increased the susceptibility of A. ipsilon larvae to both insecticides. Moreover, CncC/Maf binding sites were predicted in the putative promoters of two glutathione S -transferase (GST) genes ( AiGSTe1 and AiGSTu1 ) involved in the detoxification of CAP and PHO. The transcription levels of AiGSTe1 and AiGSTu1 were dramatically decreased by silencing AiCncC . These findings indicate that AiCncC is associated with CAP and PHO susceptibility through the regulation of GST genes.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
分子生物学
·
害虫防治
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DOI
高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Changsheng Zhang,Yuxuan Hu,Haijun Liu,Xinzhong Zhang,Fengjian Luo,Zhengyun Lou,Li Zhou,Shuang Liang,Mei Yang
The detection of hazardous contaminants such as heavy metal ions and pesticide residues in water is essential for safeguarding environmental safety and public health. In this study, boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (B,N-CDs) were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using sodium citrate, urea, and boric acid as precursors. The as-prepared B,N-CDs demonstrated good water solubility, uniform dispersion, a maximum fluorescence emission at 445 nm, and reasonable stability. A fluorescence sensing platform based on B,N-CDs was developed for the sequential detection of Fe 3+ and phoxim using an “on-off-on” mode. The fluorescence of B,N-CDs is efficiently quenched by Fe 3+ through a static quenching mechanism (SQE); subsequent addition of phoxim restores the fluorescence due to competitive binding of phoxim with Fe 3+ . The detection limits for Fe 3+ and phoxim are 3.46 μM and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. In spiked environmental water samples, satisfactory recoveries of 82.7%–95.2% for Fe 3+ and 97.5%–112.0% for phoxim were obtained, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 15% ( n = 5). This study presents a promising platform for monitoring Fe 3+ and phoxim in aqueous environments.
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高影响因子
Toxics
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·427
·
IF 4.1
Xinyi Xie,Jiayin Hou,Meng Li,Zhiyu Liu,Mengai He,Chenxi Li,Xiaohua Du,Liezhong Chen
Phoxim is a pesticide extensively applied in mulberry fields, and residues may persist on leaves even after the recommended pre-harvest interval. However, the potential risks of these residues toBombyx moriL. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) have long been overlooked. The results demonstrated that chronic low-dose exposure from the second to fifth instars significantly impaired silkworm development and silk production. Specifically, larvae in the 0.316 μg/mL treatment group (1/2 LC50) exhibited a significant reduction in body weight, while the cocoon shell ratio was significantly decreased in both the 0.079 μg/mL (1/8 LC50) and 1/2 LC50groups. Cocoon deformities were observed in the 0.032 μg/mL (1/20 LC50), 1/8 LC50, and 1/2 LC50groups. Histopathological analysis revealed silk gland damage in the treatment groups, with severity increasing with higher phoxim concentrations. Biochemical analyses indicated elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels accompanied by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities. Notably, phoxim exposure selectively reduced juvenile hormone (JH) titers without affecting ecdysone titers. JH-regulated genes including the receptorsMet1andMet2, and transcription factorsKr-h1andDimmwere downregulated, accompanied by suppressed expression of the fibroin synthesis geneFib-H. These results collectively indicate that chronic low-concentration phoxim exposure disrupts endocrine regulation, damages silk gland integrity, and ultimately reduces silk production in silkworm.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
·
内分泌学
·
农业科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Shuquan Ding,Shunli Che,Mengting Huang,Yuan Ma,Longteng Shen,Jianbin Feng,Xilei Li
Nanopolystyrene (NP) pollution in aquatic environments has become an increasing concern. Phoxim (PHO), one of the major organophosphorus pesticides, has also been detected in aquatic environments, posing serious health risks to crustaceans. This study aimed to assess the detrimental effects of NP and/or PHO exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on the intestinal histopathology, intestinal microbiota, and metabolome of adult crabs ( Eriocheir sinensis ) for 21 days. Our study revealed significant histopathological abnormalities in the intestines. In all the exposure groups, there was a discovery of vacuolar degeneration occurring in epithelial cells. Additionally, the peritrophic membrane exhibited thinning after NP or PHO single exposure, while thickening was observed after co-exposure. Exposure to NP and/or PHO disrupted the intestinal microbiota homeostasis, as evidenced by the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and suppression of beneficial bacteria. Notably, PHO exposure resulted in increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria ( Spiroplasma and Arcobacter ) and decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria ( Bacteroides ). Analysis of the metabolome revealed that exposure to NP and/or PHO led to alterations in the metabolic profile as well as several critical pathways. Among these, the upregulation of arachidonic acid metabolism, ABC transporters, and biosynthesis of amino acids was observed in both NP single exposure and co-exposure, while PHO single exposure downregulated these pathways. Additionally, NP and/or PHO exposure downregulated neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the significant reduction of some differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) was potentially regulated by the low-abundance bacterial genera following exposure to NP and/or PHO. And these DEMs have a role in anti-inflammatory or antioxidant properties. Collectively, our results offer novel perspectives on the intestinal toxicity of crustaceans by NP and/or PHO at environmentally relevant concentrations.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
水生生物学
·
微生物学
·
代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2024
·
IF 6.2
Shunli Che,Mengting Huang,Lemei Zhu,Longteng Shen,Yuan Ma,Zhicheng Wan,Xuguang Li,Jun Zhou,Shuquan Ding,Xilei Li
Nanopolystyrene (NP) and phoxim (PHO) are common environmental pollutants in aquatic systems. We evaluated the toxic effects of exposure to ambient concentrations of NP and/or PHO in the intestines of the Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ). Our study showed that histopathological changes were observed in the intestines. Specifically, NP and/or PHO exposure increased intraepithelial lymphocytes. Furthermore, NP and/or PHO exposure induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), peroxidase activity (POD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Pro-inflammatory gene expression and transcriptome analysis demonstrated that NP and/or PHO exposure induced the intestinal inflammatory response. Transcriptome results showed that NP and/or PHO exposure upregulated the NF-κB signaling pathway, which is considered a key pathway in the inflammatory response. Additionally, the expression of pro-inflammatory genes significantly increased after a single exposure to NP or PHO, but it exhibited a significant decrease after the co-exposure. The downregulation of these genes in the co-exposure group likely suggested that the co-exposure mitigated intestinal inflammation response in E. sinensis . Collectively, our findings mainly showed that NP and/or PHO exposure at ambient concentrations induces oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the intestines of E. sinensis .
研究领域:
环境毒理学
·
水生生物学
·
分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）