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polysulfide
ADVANCED MATERIALS · 2016 ·Vol. 29 ·期 6 ·1604724 · IF 18.96

Ferroelectric-Enhanced Polysulfide Trapping for Lithium–Sulfur Battery Improvement

Keyu Xie,You You,Kai Yuan,Wei Lu,Kun Zhang,Fei Xu,Mao Ye,Shanming Ke,Chao Shen,Xierong Zeng,Xiaoli Fan,Bingqing Wei

Graphical A brand new polysulfide entrapping strategy based on the ferroelectric effect has been demonstrated for the first time. By simply adding the nano-ferroelectrics (BaTiO 3 nanoparticles) into the cathode, the heteropolar polysulfides can be anchored within the cathode due to the internal electric field originated from the spontaneous polarization BaTiO 3 nanoparticles, and thus significantly improving the cycle stability of Li–S batteries.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 电化学
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LANGMUIR · 2026 · IF 4.4

Sustainable Conversion of Plastic and Corrugated Paper into Ni@C Integrated N/S Dual-Doped Carbon Membranes for Accelerated Polysulfide Redox in Lithium Polysulfide Batteries

Dongsheng Li,Yuju Zhao,Tengyu Gao,Chun Li,Yan Jiang,Junqiang Niu,Shanshan Yao

Rechargeable systems based on sulfur cathodes have attracted considerable interest as promising candidates for advanced energy storage owing to their exceptionally large theoretical energy density. However, widespread implementation of these batteries is still hindered by several intrinsic challenges. In particular, soluble lithium polysulfide intermediates tend to dissolve into the electrolyte and migrate between electrodes, which leads to active material loss and severe capacity decay. In addition, the redox conversion reactions involving these sulfur species proceed relatively slowly, resulting in poor reaction kinetics and reduced electrochemical efficiency. In this work, a nickel@carbon (Ni@C) composite was synthesized from a nickel-based metal–organic framework (Ni-MOF) constructed using 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDC) obtained from recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic. The synthesized composite was later integrated with a carbon membrane containing both nitrogen and sulfur dopants, which had been derived from recycled corrugated paper. The obtained free-standing Ni@C/NSCM membrane provides effective physical confinement and strong chemical adsorption toward polysulfide intermediates while simultaneously facilitating their rapid redox conversion. In addition, the synergistic effect between N/S heteroatom dopants and the embedded Ni@C nanoparticles enhances electronic transport and promotes reaction kinetics. By employing operando impedance measurements together with distribution-of-relaxation-times evaluation, the device utilizing the Ni@C/NSCM cathode exhibits considerably reduced polarization resistance relative to the cell based on the untreated NSCM framework. This observation verifies that the embedded nickel nanostructures provide a catalytic role during the electrochemical reactions. Consequently, the Ni@C/NSCM/Li2S6 cathode with a sulfur loading of 3.84 mg delivers 980.1 mAh g–1 at 0.2 C and retains 96.5% of its capacity after 200 cycles. Remarkably, even with 8.0 mg of sulfur, the cell still maintains 92.8% capacity retention at 0.1 C. Overall, the present study offers an environmentally friendly approach for transforming discarded plastic and biomass resources into efficient binder-free electrode materials.

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Chem · 2022 · IF 25.832

An encapsulating lithium-polysulfide electrolyte for practical lithium–sulfur batteries

Li-Peng Hou,Xue-Qiang Zhang,Nan Yao,Xiang Chen,Bo-Quan Li,Peng Shi,Cheng-Bin Jin,Jia-Qi Huang,Qiang Zhang

Practical lithium–sulfur batteries are severely hindered by parasitic reactions between lithium metal anodes and soluble lithium polysulfide (LiPS) intermediates. The solvation structure of LiPSs is pivotal in dictating the reaction kinetics. Herein, an encapsulating LiPS electrolyte (EPSE) is proposed to suppress parasitic reactions based on a nano-heterogeneous solvation structure design of LiPSs. In EPSE, with di-isopropyl sulfide (DIPS) as a co-solvent, soluble LiPSs are encapsulated into two concentric solvent shells with different solvating power and reduction stability. Reduction-stable DIPS in the outer solvent shell significantly suppresses the parasitic reactions between encapsulated LiPSs and lithium metal. A 1.2 Ah pouch cell under demanding conditions undergoes 103 cycles in the EPSE. This work provides two crucial criteria for constructing EPSE, that is, poor solvating power and high reduction stability of the solvent in outer solvent shell, and it opens up new frontiers in modulating the solvation structure of LiPSs toward long-cycling lithium–sulfur batteries.

研究领域: 电化学 · 能源材料 · 纳米材料 · 电池化学 · 界面化学
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POLYMER · 2018 · IF 3.483

Self-healing, reprocessing and sealing abilities of polysulfide-based polyurethane

Wentong Gao,Mengyao Bie,Yiwu Quan,Jinyan Zhu,Wanqing Zhang

Polyurethanes are known for their satisfactory mechanical strength , which is highly desired for various applications. Poly (ethyl formal disulfide)-based materials have excellent self-healing ability because of containing abundant exchangeable disulfide bonds, while their strength is relatively low (<0.8 MPa). Combining the advantages of the two materials, in this article, we synthesized self-healable polysulfide-based polyurethanes with a tensile strength of 2.62–5.80 MPa. After healing at 75 °C for 24 h or 100 °C for 4 h, the tensile strength of a fully cut optimized sample (PSPU-15) recovered to 90.8 and 93.1% of the original value 2.62 MPa, respectively, with the damaged incision disappearing and the sealing integrity fully recovered. Furthermore, the sample PSPU-15 possessed good reprocessing ability, retaining the tensile strength of 2.66–2.40 MPa after repeated processing. These outcomes indicated that polysulfide-based polyurethane is an attractive paradigm towards sustainable industrial applications.

CAS / MDL: 68-12-2
研究领域: 材料科学 · 高分子化学
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE · 2023 ·Vol. 141 ·期 12 ·e55123 · IF 3

Strengthening the mechanical properties of polysulfide adhesives by introducing polyurethane

Xu Han,Wenke Li,Yumei Ji,Lianfeng Wu,Yike Yang,Feng Liu

Polysulfide adhesives are often subjected to breakage or even fracture caused by highly loaded vibrations and large deformations from the wing, limiting their practical use in aircraft fuel tanks. Inserting polyurethanes into liquid polysulfide systems is a viable approach to strengthening their mechanical properties and avoiding nonuniform dispersion of the curing agent. In this contribution, a series of sulfur-containing curing agents were prepared by liquid polysulfide and trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercapto propionate) (TMPMP) to minimize the effect of the polysulfide-urea (-NHCOS-) groups on water resistance. Subsequently, the two-component polysulfide adhesives were successfully synthesized via the prepolymerization method, and their chemical structure, mechanical properties, and solvent resistance were systematically evaluated. As expected, the large introduction of sulfur linkages and -NHCOS- groups provided excellent oil resistance and strong mechanical properties for polysulfide adhesives. Notably, Samples 2-4 exhibited the highest tensile strength of 1.11 ± 0.02 MPa, the greatest shear strength of 1.87 ± 0.04 MPa, and the best hardness of 81 ± 2 Shore A, with 122.0%, 523.3%, and 170.0% improvement over the control, respectively. Furthermore, the oil absorption rate of all samples was less than 3.0%, and their tensile strength remained almost unchanged after 30 days of immersion than before. We believe our paradigm can provide a valuable guideline for designing high-performance polysulfide adhesives.

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL · 2024 · IF 13.3

Coupling 5 d metallic and conductive Network for promoting polysulfide conversion

Hexuan Li,Dongdong Li,Yilin Li,Haoran Liu,Junzhi Li,Wei Han

The reaction kinetics of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery mainly depends on the capture and catalytic conversion efficiency of lithium polysulfide (LiPSs). The unique electron configuration of the 5d metal and the high electrical conductivity of MXene can enhance the interaction between the catalyst and LiPSs. However, the challenge of enhancing the adsorption of LiPSs by regulating the electronic structure of the catalyst with 5d metal and MXene remains unresolved and obscure. In this work, we have developed molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 )-tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) @MXene (MoS 2 -WS 2 @MX) heterostructure catalysts for separator coatings in Li-S batteries by introducing W and MXene for the first time. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the 5 d metallic and conductive MXene coupling effectively modulate the orbital hybridization degree between the catalyst and LiPSs, thereby reducing the energy barrier for LiPSs conversion. Electrochemical test and in situ tests verify the effectiveness of the strategy on the adsorption and conversion of LiPSs. Consequently, the MoS 2 -WS 2 @MX based batteries exhibit high initial reversible capacity of 950.3 mAh g −1 and low capacity decay of 0.066 % per cycle over 500 cycles at 2 C, which is superior to most reported catalysts. This study provides a dual regulatory strategy for enhancing catalytic activity, offering valuable insights for the advancement of high-performance Li-S batteries.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 电化学
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Chem Catalysis · 2026 · IF 10.7

Iron phthalocyanine catalyst accelerates polysulfide conversion in practical magnesium-sulfur batteries

Qiyuan Lin,Tianyu Wang,Wenjie Chen,Zi Shyun Ng,Jianhui Hu,Zichang Lin,Yuegang Zhang

Magnesium-sulfur batteries promise high energy density with abundant and safe elements but suffer from sluggish polysulfide conversion, severe polarization, and unstable cycling. Here, we introduce an iron phthalocyanine (FePc) molecular catalyst to address these challenges. Guided by the Sabatier principle, the well-defined Fe-N 4 sites modulate polysulfide adsorption energetics, regulating the precipitation of solid products. This mechanism promotes uniform three-dimensional growth of MgS 2 /MgS and accelerates interfacial charge transfer, mitigating concentration polarization. Cells with FePc achieve capacities of ∼1,400 mAh/g (based on sulfur mass) and deliver up to 840 Wh/kg (based on cathode mass). Notably, we also assembled a prototype pouch cell that delivers 58.4 Wh/kg. These results validate molecular catalysis as an effective approach for overcoming kinetic bottlenecks in multivalent sulfur systems and underscore the broader potential of structurally precise catalysts as both functional materials and model platforms for advancing sustainable energy storage technologies.

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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE · 2025 · IF 9.7

Mo2C/Co@NC heterointerface engineering toward polysulfide regulation in LiS batteries

Ting Zhao,Kaiquan He,Xingyi Hu,Pu Hu,Chaoqun Shang

Li S battery suffers from polysulfides' shuttle effect and unsatisfactory redox kinetics. To tackle these issues, we design a multi-functional interlayer based on heterogeneous Mo 2 C/Co confided by N-doped porous carbon (Mo 2 C/Co@NC) via one-step controlled pyrolysis of Co 2+ /MoO 4 2− /2-methylimidazole. The heterogeneous Mo 2 C/Co as active centers effectively immobilizes polysulfides and accelerates their redox transformation kinetics. Moreover, the hierarchical porous NC matrix guarantees rapid electron/ion transport. Acting as an interlayer, the electrochemical evaluation demonstrates desirable performance. Specifically, a high initial discharge capacity of 874.0 mAh g −1 is achieved at 3C, which retains 373.3 mAh g −1 after 1000 cycles (capacity fading rate: 0.057 %/cycle), significantly outperforming battery without interlayer (0.082 %). This work demonstrates an effective heterointerface engineering strategy for the development of Li S battery practical application.

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Joule · 2026 · IF 37.1

Interfacial engineering with cationic electrocatalysts in aqueous polysulfide redox flow batteries

Liu Lin,Peimeng Qiu,Chi Xie,Wei Zeng,Jiayao Li,Sheng Wang,Shengli Chen,Zhejun Li

Polysulfide-based aqueous redox flow batteries (PSARFBs) suffer from intrinsic limitations in power density arising from the sluggish polysulfide reduction kinetics. Here, we reveal that this results from the inhibited polysulfide migration within the electric double layer (EDL) toward the negatively charged electrode. We introduce trace 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium (EMP + ) as a cationic electrocatalyst, thereby significantly facilitating polysulfide migration and improving reduction kinetics by two orders of magnitude. EMP⁺ functions through reversible interfacial adsorption to shield local negative charge without chemical transformation, enabling sustained kinetic regulation. The developed polysulfide negolytes with EMP + demonstrated a stable electrochemical durability for 1,300 cycles/64.5 days and a high volumetric capacity of 100 Ah L negolyte −1 . PSARFBs employing 6 mM EMP + exhibited improved power capability at 150 mA cm −2 with 99.3% capacity delivery and a long cycle life of over 2,000 cycles and a decay rate of 0.000033%/cycle (0.0014%/day), establishing a mechanistic basis for improving power performance.

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Nanoscale · 2016 ·Vol. 8 ·期 28 ·13638-13645 · IF 7.76

SnO2 as a high-efficiency polysulfide trap in lithium–sulfur batteries

Jing Liu,Lixia Yuan,Kai Yuan,Zhen Li,Zhangxiang Hao,Jingwei Xiang,Yunhui Huang

The ithium–sulfur battery stands as one of the most promising successors of traditional lithium-ion batteries due to its super high theoretical energy density, but practical application still suffers from the shuttle effect arising from soluble intermediate polysulfides. Here, we report SnO2 as a chemical adsorbent for polysulfides. As an interlayer between the cathode and separator, SnO2 gives better results to prevent the polysulfides from diffusing to the lithium anode than as a modifier of the carbon matrix directly. The lithium–sulfur battery with an SnO2 interlayer delivers an initial reversible capacity of 996 mA h g−1 and retains 832 mA h g−1 at the 100th discharge at 0.5 C, with a fading rate of only 0.19% per cycle. The improvements benefit from the quasi-open space provided by the interlayer configuration for the diffused sulfur species, which can largely relieve the loss of active substances caused by the volume effect during the lithiation/delithiation process.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 能源存储
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · 2021 · IF 9.229

Advanced Li–S Batteries Enabled by a Biomimetic Polysulfide-Engulfing Net

Tao Feng,Teng Zhao,Shuangfei Zhu,Ziheng Wang,Lei Wei,Nanxiang Zhang,Tinglu Song,Li Li,Feng Wu,Renjie Chen

Lithium–sulfur batteries are attractive because of their high specific capacity and energy density, but issues with the polysulfide dissolution and shuttling intrinsically hinder their wide application. Here, hydroxylate multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-OH) were grafted with a supramolecular polymer (heptakis(6-amino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin) to form a polysulfide-engulfing net, which was coated on a separator. Such a molecular microarray structure of a polymer can block the polysulfides and have biomimetic cellular behavior for engulfing polysulfides. The cavity (∼6 Å) and functional groups of the supramolecular polymer can provide a dynamic structure for reversible adsorption of polysulfides while the conductive MWCNT-OH ensure fast electron transfer. The batteries with the modified separator exhibited excellent rate capacities (945.5 and 625.4 mA h g–1 at 2 C and 4 C rates, respectively). Especially, the high areal capacities of 5.86 and 7.2 mA h cm–2 achieved at S loadings of 4.5 and 6.0 mg cm–2 and good cycling stability after 200 cycles at 0.1 C can be obtained. This demonstrates a strategy of supramolecular polymer-grafted carbon for dynamic polysulfide adsorption toward advanced Li–S batteries.

CAS / MDL: 872-50-4 7704-34-9
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Journal of Energy Chemistry · 2024 · IF 14

Enhancing Li-S battery performance via functional polymer binders for polysulfide inhibition

Jinpeng Jian,Qian Chen,Hao Sun,Rui Li,Yaolin Hou,Yulong Liu,Jia Liu,Haiming Xie,Jiefang Zhu

The commercialization of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries faces several challenges, including poor conductivity, unexpected volume expansion, and continuous sulfur loss from the cathode due to redox shuttling. In this study, we introduce a novel polymer via a simple cross-linking between poly(ether-thioureas) (PETU) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)- poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a bifunctional binder for Li-S batteries (devotes as “PPTU”). Compared to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), as-prepared PPTU exhibits significantly higher electrical conductivity, facilitating electrochemical reactions. Additionally, PPTU demonstrates effective adsorption of lithium polysulfides, leading to improved cycling stability by suppressing the shuttling effect. We investigate this behavior by monitoring morphological changes at the cell interface using synchrotron X-ray tomography. Cells with PPTU binders exhibit remarkable rate performance, desired reversibility, and excellent cycling stability even under stringent bending and twisting conditions. Our work represents promising progress in functional polymer binder development for Li-S batteries.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 能源存储技术
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