查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Thin carboxymethyl cellulose-shellac bilayer films with asymmetric water vapor transport for grape preservation

Fengxian Wang,Shi Wang,Ziyun Mao,Xiangpeng Cheng,Fatang Jiang,Man Xiao

Thin (~30 μm) bilayer films combine strength, flexibility, and disintegration. • Hydrophilic-hydrophobic structure enables asymmetric water vapor transport. • Films exhibit good gas H 2 O, O 2 , and CO 2 barrier performance. • Bilayer films extend grape shelf life while preserving nutrients effectively. Thin (~30 μm) bilayer films were fabricated via layer-by-layer casting by varying the relative thicknesses of a hydrophilic carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) inner layer and a hydrophobic shellac (SHL) outer layer, aiming to achieve direction-dependent water vapor transport and grape preservation. Structural analyses (FT-IR, XRD, SAXS, SEM) confirmed distinct bilayer morphology with a dense, pore-free microstructure and good interfacial adhesion. The CMC and SHL layers retained their characteristic structural features, suggesting limited interlayer diffusion stabilized by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. Increasing SHL layer thickness reduced mechanical strength (from 27.49 ± 0.87 MPa to 3.74 ± 0.63 MPa) and elongation at break (from 39.92 ± 2.99% to 2.53 ± 1.55%). The optimal bilayer (12 μm CMC/18 μm SHL) exhibited low water vapor permeability (1.27 ± 0.04 × 10 −11  g·m·m −2 ·s −1 ·Pa −1 ) and reduced gas permeability (O 2 : 7.74 ± 0.22 × 10 −13  g·m·m −2 ·s −1 ·Pa −1 ; CO 2 : 2.91 ± 0.74 × 10 −12  g·m·m −2 ·s −1 ·Pa −1 ). Soil burial tests demonstrated rapid weight loss and disintegration within 20 days. Applied to grape preservation, the CMC-SHL bilayer film reduced weight loss, maintained firmness, and minimized nutrient loss, showing comparable performance to polyethylene film. These findings demonstrate that CMC-SHL bilayer films are promising eco-friendly packaging materials with tunable barrier properties and effective postharvest preservation capability. Download: Download high-res image (71KB) Download: Download full-size image

Sodium caseinate decorating on shellac nanoparticles as a stabilizer for the encapsulation of quercetin

Hui Zhang,Xinyu Sun,Jiao Wang,Mengna Dong,Lihua Li,Feier Bai,Ke Xu,Li Wang

To protect quercetin and address some of the barriers about shellac as a delivery carrier, we investigated the effects of sodium caseinate surface decoration on the formation, stability, and physiochemical properties of shellac nanoparticles (SNPs) for the first time. Herein, 0.3% caseinate was selected to prepare the quercetin-loaded shellac/sodium caseinate complex nanoparticles (SQCNPs), ensuring stable formation of nanoparticles and preventing irreversible aggregation of SNPs in acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and complex nanoparticle dissociation test indicated SQCNPs were fabricated based hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions among Que, shellac, and caseinate. Besides, the modification of sodium caseinate can address salt instability and low redispersibility and improve encapsulation efficiency of SNPs. Meanwhile, SQCNPs possessed good antioxidant capacity, low cytotoxicity and controlled release in simulated gastrointestinal digestion. In summary, this work might open up a new, green, and sustainable method to design a bioactive substance delivery system by employing shellac as a vehicle.

Development of bilayer films based on shellac and esterified cellulose nanocrystals for buccal drug delivery

Tang Lirong,Hong Biyun,Li Tao,Huang Biao

Bilayer films were fabricated based on natural-based and biocompatible polymers such as esterified cellulose nanocrystals (ECNCs) and shellac, aiming for use in buccal drug delivery. Baicalin was used as the model drug. The swelling properties, drug loading and mechanical properties of films were evaluated and further characterized for mucoadhesion and in vitro drug release properties. The film (F2) containing ECNCs 45%, shellac 25% and polyethylene glycol 30% shows the best properties for the development of the film formulation. The swelling capacity of films was in the range of 36.5 ± 4.1–279.2 ± 14.1%. In vitro drug release shows that anomalous transport behavior indicates that transport includes drug diffusion and polymer relaxation. For film F2, the tensile strength and adhesion strength reaches to the maximum value of 21.57 ± 0.83 MPa and 0.073 ± 0.004 N, respectively. The interfacial interactions between drug and film components were confirmed by FTIR and XRD.

Food-grade shellac–ethyl cellulose Janus-like nanoparticles: Formation mechanism and anisotropy-mediated interfacial behavior

Wanjun Zhao,Qingrong Huang,Changhu Xue,Zihao Wei

Food-grade particles capable of efficient interfacial adsorption and robust interfacial layer formation are highly desirable for stabilizing multiphase food colloids. In this study, shellac–ethyl cellulose Janus-like nanoparticles (SL–EC JLN) were fabricated by flash nanoprecipitation and systematically characterized in terms of their structure, physicochemical properties, stability and oil–water interfacial behavior. FE-SEM revealed the presence of dumbbell-like particles with anisotropic features, while FTIR, DSC and TGA analyses further distinguished the SL–EC JLN from the single-component nanoparticles (SLN, ECN) and their physical mixture (ECN + SLN). Compared with SLN, ECN, and ECN + SLN, the SL–EC JLN exhibited superior physical stability during storage. In addition, the SL–EC JLN remained stable under pH, ionic strength, and thermal stresses. At the oil–water interface, SL–EC JLN exhibited enhanced adsorption kinetics and interfacial reorganization, as reflected by the lowest quasi-equilibrium interfacial tension and higher diffusion, penetration, and rearrangement rate constants. The SL–EC JLN displayed more pronounced frequency dependence of the interfacial dilatational modulus and more regular nonlinear stress–deformation loops, suggesting a more coordinated interfacial organization with greater adaptability to large-amplitude deformation. These findings suggest that the co-assembled SL–EC Janus-like particle architecture contributes to improved colloidal stability and interfacial regulation, providing a basis for the rational design of food-grade anisotropic particles for advanced interfacial engineering.

Shellac-chitosan microgel-immobilized lipase for sustainable synthesis of sucrose laurate via pickering interfacial catalysis

Tangyu Yang,Haiwei Jia,Yuting Song,Shiqi He,Bing Li,Lin Li,Xia Zhang

Sucrose fatty acid esters are increasingly valued as multifunctional surfactants, nutraceuticals, and bacteriostats due to their emulsifying and antimicrobial properties. While enzymatic synthesis provides an eco-friendly route to high-purity esters, challenges remain in optimizing lipase activity, reusability, and mass transfer. This study introduces a novel edible biomaterials-based catalytic system: lipase immobilized within shellac nanoparticle-coated chitosan microgels (SCL) for synthesizing sucrose laurate via Pickering interfacial catalysis (PIC). SCL stabilized oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, with sucrose and vinyl laurate partitioned into aqueous and oil phases, respectively. Structural characterization (SEM, CLSM, Cryo-SEM) revealed SCL's localization at the O/W interface, with preferential oil-phase immersion and ordered interfacial alignment. Optimized conditions yielded a conversion rate of 55.35 ± 1.88 %, and the immobilized lipase retained >80 % activity over four cycles. Purified via solvent extraction and chromatography, the product was confirmed as 6-sucrose monolaurate (through FT-IR, NMR, XRD, and TG-DSC). Comparative analysis demonstrated its higher air/water interfacial stabilization versus commercial sucrose monoesters, evidenced by lower critical micelle concentration ( cmc ), enhanced emulsifying/foaming capacity, and improved pH/thermal stability. Collectively, this SCL-based PIC system achieved sustainable synthesis of 6-sucrose monolaurate with exceptional enzyme recyclability, overcoming limitations in lipase stability and mass transfer, and produced a surfactant with superior properties.

pH-responsive Pickering emulsions synergistically stabilized by chitin nanocrystals and shellac nanoparticles for astaxanthin delivery

Lang Cai,Yuheng Wang,Jintao Zhang,Tengyang Li,Shixin Song,Lei Yu,Shan Xia

This study aims to utilize the synergistic effect between shellac nanoparticles (SNPs) and chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) to construct Pickering emulsion (PE) with adjustable structures and properties for loading and delivering astaxanthin. The viscoelastic properties and stability of SNPs-ChNCs co-stabilized PE demonstrated markedly enhanced performance compared to systems stabilized individually by SNPs or ChNCs, particularly at a 5:1 SNPs/ChNCs ratio. Furthermore, the PE demonstrated notable pH responsiveness and salt ion resistance. Encapsulation performance evaluation revealed the SNPs/ChNCs co-stabilized system achieved enhanced payload parameters for astaxanthin. The S5C1 formulation demonstrated optimal encapsulation performance, achieving 92.1 % encapsulation efficiency (EE) with a loading capacity (LC) of 1.05 % under optimized conditions. Furthermore, the retention rate of astaxanthin exceeded 90 % after 21 days of storage and 8 h of UV irradiation. More importantly, the S5C1 PE showed a high free fatty acid (FFA) release rate and bioaccessibility of astaxanthin after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. This study provides a novel strategy for constructing pH-responsive PE and delivery system for functional active substances.

Fabrication of cinnamaldehyde–shellac nanoparticle-filled chitosan packaging material and application in chilled beef preservation

Donghui Li,Ziyuan Zhou,Shilin Liu,Yan Li

BACKGROUND Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is the main functional component of cinnamon essential oil, exhibits strong anti-microbial activity and safety. Shellac (SHL) nanoparticles enable the encapsulation and controlled release of CA while improving the physiochemical properties of chitosan (CS) films. To strengthen the anti-bacterial activity of SHL–CS films, CA–SHL nanoparticles were prepared by an anti-solvent precipitation method with Tween 80 as surfactant, and subsequently incorporated into CS film-forming solution. The resulting CA–SHL nanoparticle-filled CS coatings were then applied for the preservation of chilled beef. RESULTS The particle size of CA–SHL nanoparticles showed a unimodal distribution, decreasing with higher SHL content or lower CA concentration. Stable CA–SHL nanoparticles had relatively low zeta-potential values, indicating the stabilization effect of Tween 80. Incorporation of CA–SHL nanoparticles into CS films improved UV barrier properties, reduced water vapor permeability, improved pH corrosion resistance, and strengthened anti-bacterial activity. The CA–SHL nanoparticle-filled CS coatings extended the shelf life of chilled beef from 4 to 8 days. CONCLUSION The enhanced properties of CA–SHL nanoparticle-filled CS composite films highlight their strong potential for food packaging and preservation. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

Shellac nanoparticle based intelligent drug-delivery composite sponge for hemostasis and healing of diabetic wounds

Jiale Mao,Chenning Zhang,Jialin Wang,Tai Gao,Lina Fang,Xu Zhao

Diabetic chronic wounds pose significant challenges to clinical treatment due to persistent inflammation, impaired angiogenesis, and high infection risk. In this study, we developed an intelligent composite sponge (NSCG) by incorporating naringenin (NGN) loaded shellac nanoparticles (N-SNPs) into a chitosan-gelatin (CG) hydrogel via freeze drying. Physicochemical characterization confirmed that NSCG possesses a porous structure with favorable hydrophilicity, mechanical flexibility, and pH-responsive drug release behavior, and can rapidly release NGN under simulating the pathological microenvironment of infected and inflamed chronic diabetic wounds (pH 8.5). In vitro assays demonstrated that NSCG exhibits strong antioxidant activity, broad spectrum antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (19 mm inhibition zone) and Escherichia coli (21 mm), and excellent hemostatic performance (low blood coagulation index, high red blood cell adhesion, and efficient blood absorption). In vivo evaluations validated its rapid hemostatic capacity in liver and femoral artery hemorrhage models (hemostasis time < 40 s) and excellent biocompatibility with complete degradation within 14 days. In the diabetic mouse wound model, NSCG significantly accelerated wound closure by promoting granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis (enhanced CD31 and VEGF expression), while suppressing inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6). These results indicate that NSCG integrates rapid hemostasis, pH-responsive drug release, antioxidant, antibacterial, and biocompatible properties, making it a promising multifunctional dressing for diabetic wound repair and providing a novel strategy for chronic wound management.

Fabrication and characterization of shellac nanofibers with colon-targeted delivery of quercetin and its anticancer activity

Shu-Fang Li,Teng-Gen Hu,Yuan-Bao Jin,Hong Wu

In this study, the feasibility of shellac nanofibers as carrier system for colonic delivery of quercetin was evaluated. Firstly, the nanofibers without and with different amounts (2.5 %, 5.0 %, and 7.5 %) of quercetin were fabricated using pure shellac as a carrier by electrospinning. The morphology of nanofibers was bead-shape confirmed by SEM. FTIR, XRD, and DSC analysis showed that quercetin was encapsulated into shellac nanofibers, forming an amorphous complex. The molecular docking simulation indicated quercetin bound well to shellac through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. These nanofibers had higher thermal stability than pure quercetin, and their surface wettability exhibited a pH-responsive behavior. The loading capacity of quercetin varied from 2.25 % to 6.84 % with the increased amount of quercetin, and it affected the stability of nanofibers in food simulants by measuring the release profiles of quercetin. The shellac nanofibers had high gastrointestinal stability, with a minimum quercetin release of 16.87 % in simulated digestive fluids, while the remaining quercetin was delivered to the colon and was released gradually. Moreover, the nanofibers exerted enhanced anticancer activity against HCT-116 cells by arresting cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and inducing cell apoptosis. Overall, shellac nanofibers are promising materials for colon-targeted delivery of active compounds.

A robust, fluorine-free and economical superhydrophobic coating based on rosin, shellac, and calcium carbonate nanoparticles

Rui He,KangLi Yang,ShouTong Meng,CanCheng Li,XuYu Long,Qian Su,ZhiQing Yuan,ShiMing Fu,ZeXin Dai

Fluorides and long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons are commonly used low surface energy compounds in superhydrophobic coatings. However, the potential toxicity of the former and the instability of the latter restrict the practical application of superhydrophobic coatings. In this study, a sustainable and environmentally friendly natural superhydrophobic coating was developed. This coating incorporates natural shellac and rosin to reduce surface energy and enhance adhesion, followed by the application of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO₃ nanoparticles) to modify white cardboard (WCB). Superhydrophobic white cardboard (SWCB) was successfully prepared. The water contact angle (WCA) of the coating is 155.3 ± 2°. SWCB exhibits excellent durability, retaining superhydrophobicity after 50 abrasion cycles, 45 tape stripping cycles, 30 min water impact, 30 knife strokes, and 7 days of outdoor exposure. It also demonstrates excellent self-cleaning properties, effectively repelling powders that mimic contaminants. In addition, when the coating is applied to paper cups, the paper cups exhibit excellent anti-adhesion properties. Therefore, this environmentally friendly superhydrophobic coating could offer a potential new approach to paper antifouling and food packaging.

Fabrication of HPMC-based superhydrophobic materials using rice starch/shellac coating: Robust interface development via aluminum phosphate

Linghan Meng,Ruoyu Ji,Yunyue Ye,Qi Li,Xiaofan Yuan,Ying Chen

Preparation of chitosan/shellac nanoparticles-essential oil Pickering emulsion active film and its application in bread preservation

Jin-Ming Tan,Rui Cui,Teng-Gen Hu,Xiao-Xi Li,Hong Wu

To effectively control mold and spoilage of bread and extend its shelf life, this study developed an active packaging material that possesses both antifungal activity and excellent mechanical properties. Herein, shellac nanoparticles (SNPs) were used as Pickering stabilizers to prepare SNPs-synergistic combination of cinnamaldehyde and citral (S CC ) Pickering emulsion (SNPs-S CC ). The SNPs-S CC was incorporating into chitosan (CS) to fabricate CS/SNPs-S CC film. Compared to the pure CS film, the tensile strength of the CS/SNPs-S CC film was enhanced by 58.89 %, while the moisture content, water solubility, water vapor permeability, and oxygen permeability were reduced by 52.89 %, 26.88 %, 45.28 %, and 40.51 %, respectively. Additionally, the CS/SNPs-S CC film demonstrated almost complete absorption of ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 100–400 nm and was capable of complete biodegradation within 50 days. In vitro, antifungal tests revealed that the CS/SNPs-S CC film exhibited satisfactory antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum . Notably, the CS/SNPs-S CC film significantly extended the shelf life of bread by 5 days compared to the oriented polypropylene (OPP) film. Therefore, the CS/SNPs-S CC film holds potential for application as a novel active packaging material for bread preservation.