Materials Today Communications
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Zilong Liang,Jingxuan Liu,Yange Wan,Zhaojie Feng,Pengyu Zhang,Mingchao Wang,Haijun Zhang
Struvite is a common adverse waste in sewage treatment plants. To evaluate the feasibility of struvite as an extinguishing agent, a novel DOPO-VTS (vinyltrimethoxysilane and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxa) modified struvite ultra-fine powder with stable performance was prepared using an economic synthesis method, and the extinguishing property and mechanism were deeply analyzed. The local oil basin test showed that the fire extinguishing effect of DOPO-VTS modified struvite was significantly better than that of commercial ABC (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ) dry powder and blank struvite without modification. By coating DOPO-VTS on struvite, the original agglomeration problem was solved, and the liquidity index (angle of repose) was 34 °, better than ABC (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ) dry powder (37 °) and blank struvite (40 °). Besides, under the protection of DOPO-VTS, the overall thermal stability and hydrophobic effect were also improved. The DOPO-VTS modified struvite could maintain fire extinguishing activity at a temperature close to 100 ℃, 40 ℃ higher than blank struvite, which not only widened its storage environment, but also helped to extinguish the fire at the root of the flame. Furthermore, a large number of P-O groups were generated during the pyrolysis of DOPO-VTS modified struvite, greatly improving its fire extinguishing performance. In addition, the physicochemical reaction during the extinguishing process, including heat absorption/release, particle size distribution , composition, and structural evolution, and gas phase product analysis, were comprehensively studied. Combined with the fire extinguishing experiment results, temperature,and smoke changes, three kinds of extinguishing mechanisms were confirmed: cooling effect, asphyxiation, and chemical effect.
研究领域:
材料科学
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消防工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Xinyue Liu,Yongyu Ren,Zengqi Zhang,Xiaoming Liu,Yaguang Wang
The ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) is easily transferred to water source, polluting the environment and endangering biological health. In this study, the ammonia nitrogen in EMR is removed by slaked lime, carbide slag (CS) and red mud (RM). The removal of ammonia nitrogen is influenced by the liquid–solid ratio, stirring time, and additives dosage. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen of EMR pretreated with 7.4 % fresh CS for 15 min can reach 98.5 % when the liquid–solid ratio is 1.50. Under the synergistic effect of CS and RM, the ammonia nitrogen in EMR is quickly removed within 15 min, and the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen reaches 98.2 %. It is feasible to replace slaked lime with CS and RM to achieve the removal of ammonia nitrogen in EMR. Struvite has high quantity and good purity when the molar ratio of N, P and Mg is 1:1.6:1.6 and pH = 8.0. The remaining EMR after removal of ammonia nitrogen, blast furnace slag, Portland cement and aggregates was used as raw materials to prepare nonsintered bricks (NSB). The NSB according to the optimal formula after curing for 7 days had no free ammonia nitrogen detected. This study provided a new way to remove ammonium nitrogen in EMR by CS and RM, and demonstrated a solution to prepare struvite and nonsintered bricks.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2026
·Vol. 31
·期 17
·3047
·
IF 5.1
Zepeng Wang,Peidong Su,Chunhui Zhang,Weilong Zhou,Xiaoping Zhong,Guifeng Zhao,Zaining Li,Bingxu Quan
Phosphorus recovery from wastewater can reduce dependence on phosphate rock and help control eutrophication. Struvite crystallization is a promising recovery route, but conventional processes often require soluble magnesium salts and alkaline reagents. This study used electrochemical activation of natural magnesite to supply Mg2+in situ for magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) formation. Magnesite dissolution provided Mg2+, while cathodic water reduction generated a local alkaline zone that promoted phosphate precipitation. The effects of current density, N:P molar ratio, initial phosphorus concentration and initial pH were examined. XRD, SEM–EDS, and FTIR supported the formation of struvite-containing precipitates. Under the optimized conditions, namely an initial pH of 7.75, a nominal anodic current density of 28.21 A/m2, an initial phosphorus concentration of 6.41 mM, and an N:P molar ratio of 1.42:1, PO43−–P recovery, NH4+––N apparent removal and apparent MAP purity reached 57.56%, 52.26% and 62.56%, respectively. The apparent MAP purity represents an NH4+––N-based operational estimate rather than an absolute quantitative phase fraction. The decrease in aqueous NH4+––N should be regarded as apparent removal because NH3volatilization or stripping may also occur near the alkaline cathode. This work provides a reagent-saving approach for phosphorus recovery by coupling Mg2+release, cathodic alkalization and struvite crystallization.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2022
·
IF 3.898
Guangyuan Chen,Tong Zhou,Meng Zhang,Zhongxiang Ding,Zhikun Zhou,Yuanhui Ji,Haiying Tang,Changsong Wang
Struvite (MAP) crystallization technology is widely used to treat ammonia nitrogen in waste effluents of its simple operation and good removal efficiency. However, the presence of heavy metal ions in the waste effluents causes problems such as slow crystallization rate and small crystal size, limiting the recovery rate and economic value of the MAP. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrations of three heavy metal ions (Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Pb 2+ ) on the crystal morphology, crystal size, average growth rate, and crystallization kinetics of MAP. A relationship was established between the kinetic rate constant K t calculated by the chemical gradient model and the concentrations of heavy metal ions. The results showed that low concentrations of heavy metal ions in the solution created pits on the MAP surface, and high level of heavy metal ions generated flocs on the MAP surface, which were composed of metal hydroxides, thus inhibiting crystal growth. The crystal size, average growth rate, MAP crystallization rate, and kinetic rate constant K t decreased with the increase in heavy metal ion concentration. Moreover, the K t demonstrated a linear relationship with the heavy metal concentration ln( C / C* ), which provided a reference for the optimization of the MAP crystallization process in the presence of heavy metal ions.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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水处理
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Xuewei Huang,Zhi-Long Ye,Chang Ding,Lorenz Adrian,Wenqian Liao
Mitigating antibiotics during struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 ·6H 2 O) recovery from swine wastewater is critical to preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, unactivated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and ultraviolet activated peroxymonosulfate (UV/PMS) oxidations were employed to degrade tetracyclines (TCs) during struvite recovery by using synthetic and real wastewaters, respectively. Results demonstrated that UV/PMS possessed higher TCs removal efficiency (93.72 %-96.74 %) in synthetic wastewater than PMS. Unexpectedly, the unactivated PMS process showed higher efficiency (54.58 %-64.92 %) than the radical-based UV/PMS process (51.35 %-61.72 %) in real wastewater, leading to lower TCs residue in recovered struvite. This unexpected result can be attributed to the abundant dissolved organic matters (DOM) in real wastewater acting as a scavenger for radicals (•SO 4 - and •HO), thereby inhibiting the UV/PMS system. Nevertheless, the non-radical PMS pathway selectively targeted electron-rich lipid-like and protein DOM components that preferentially complex with TCs, as revealed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Furthermore, fractionated DOM with different molecular weight cut-offs confirmed the targeted attack occurred in the high molecular weight DOM (FDOM1) with electron-rich fraction where TCs were concentrated. This study elucidated the critical role of DOM in different oxidation pathways and highlights that non-radical mechanisms represent a more selective and effective approach for pollutant degradation in DOM-rich environments, providing a novel strategy for safer nutrient recovery.
研究领域:
环境工程
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水与废水处理
·
抗生素抗性
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高级氧化技术
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养分回收
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2019
·
IF 5.431
Xiangdong Meng,Xiaoji Liu,Qunxing Huang,Huaping Gao,Kangrou Tay,Jianhua Yan
As a phosphorus-rich material, low-temperature combustion sewage sludge ash (LTCA) contains over 9 wt% content of phosphorus (P) and a large proportion of impurities, especially the content of Fe arrives at 14.59 wt%. To fully utilize LTCA as a fertilizer, this study investigated a procedure for P recovery from LTCA via struvite crystallization with fewer impurities. The adsorption characteristics of P and Fe by cation exchange resin (CER) were explored by simulating using the macroscopic parametric equation Thomas model. Optimum purification conditions for P-rich leachate by cation exchange column method were determined. Results showed that approximately 97.21 wt% of P was extracted from LTCA at HCl concentration of 0.8 M and liquid/solid ratio of 20.0 ml/g. More than 90 wt% of impurities could be detached by making P-rich leachate flow through cation exchange bed filled by CER at 300 ml/h. The macroscopic parametric equation Thomas model could clearly describe the adsorption characteristics of Fe in P-rich leachate by CER. Theoretical basis for purification of high concentration Fe in P-rich leachate by CER was provided. Approximately 84.04 wt% of total P in LTCA was recovered as struvite crystal which had low concentrations of heavy metals (5.96 mg/kg for Cr, 45.21 mg/kg for Cu, 29.67 mg/kg for Ni, 2.24 mg/kg for Pb, and 290.6 mg/kg for Zn) and could be eco-friendly for agricultural application. X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS analysis validated the formation of struvite.
研究领域:
环境科学
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农业科学
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化学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2017
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IF 5.715
Xiaochang Lin,Zhiying Han,Hongjun Yu,Zhangying Ye,Songming Zhu,Jun Zhu
A novel, two-chamber electrolysis cell equipped with an ion exchange membrane and a magnesium anode was proposed in this study to recover phosphate as struvite from both the simulated and real biogas digestion slurry of swine wastewater. In the electrolysis experiments with the simulated slurry, the optimal pH and current density were determined to be 8.5 and 22.2 A m −2 , respectively, achieving 95% phosphate removal efficiency and 100% current efficiency. The phosphate removal rate was mainly dependent on the magnesium dissolving rate. In the electrolysis experiments with the real digestion slurry, the pH of slurry increased from 7.4 to around 8.7 after the cathode-anode sub-section electrolysis without adding chemical reagents, achieving 93% phosphate removal efficiency at 22.2 A m −2 . The phosphate removal efficiency could be kept constant in three consecutive electrolysis cycles with both the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane . The cost of the magnesium anode treatment for the real biogas digestion slurry for struvite recovery was estimated to be $81.57 kg −1 P, mainly resulting from the consumption of electricity and magnesium anode. The precipitates collected from all experiments were identified as struvite by the X-ray diffraction analysis.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
废水处理
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2021
·
IF 9.297
Qian Guan,Guisheng Zeng,Baichuan Gong,Yingpeng Li,Haiyan Ji,Jiefei Zhang,Jiatian Song,Chunli Liu,Zhongbing Wang,Chunjian Deng
Swine wastewater contains phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, and heavy metals that affect the struvite purity produced from the wastewater and increase the ecological hazards. In addition, struvite crystallization process is highly dependent on the usage of magnesium sources. Thus, it is necessary to explore the effects of three magnesium sources, including MgCl 2 , Mg(OH) 2 and MgO , on the phosphorus recovery and minimizing Cu and Fe contents via struvite crystallization process. The observations revealed that the predominant parts of Cu and Fe precipitate in the form of hydroxide during pH adjustment. Meanwhile, when using MgCl 2 as the magnesium source, the optimal removal efficiency of phosphorus reached 94.55%, followed by MgO and Mg(OH) 2 . Simultaneously, 90.60% Cu and 98.80% Fe precipitate under MgCl 2 as magnesium source. The redissolution behavior of Cu occurs when MgO and Mg(OH) 2 are used as magnesium sources, increasing the Cu concentration. The smallest operation cost is from MgCl 2 as magnesium source. The potential environmental impact analyzed by life cycle assessment method shows that MgCl 2 in struvite crystallization process saves more fossil energy and protects resource while lessens the nature's eutrophication risk. The technical, economic, and environmental assessments confirm MgCl 2 as a promisable source of magnesium in struvite crystallization process for achieving cleaner production goal.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
废水处理
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Xiaohuan Liu,Enci Hu,Jiafeng Wang,Zongteng Niu,Dan Qiu,Jiayao Yang,Enmin Zong
A novel magnetic cellulose composite was synthesized via a facile one-pot method. • High phosphate capacity and large surface area were achieved. • Real sewage phosphate reduced to 0.50 mg P/L, meeting China's Grade I-A standard. • The adsorbed phosphate was recovered as high-purity struvite (MgNH₄PO₄·6H₂O). • Phosphate adsorption was governed by electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange. Utilizing sustainable cellulose nanofibers (CNF) as a substrate, this study developed a magnetic nanocomposite for efficient phosphate adsorption and recovery. Through a facile synthetic method, nanoscale ferroferric oxide (Fe₃O₄) and hydrous zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ·nH 2 O) were anchored onto polyethyleneimine (PEI)-functionalized CNF to fabricate magnetic zirconium-functionalized aminated nanocellulose composites. The optimal composite (CNF-PEI@Fe₃O₄-Zr4) exhibited a high specific surface area and delivered an exceptional phosphate adsorption capacity of 78.13 mg P/g, surpassing some zirconium-based adsorbents and significantly outperforming pristine hydrous zirconium oxide (48.08 mg P/g). Phosphate adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm, and the thermodynamic analysis indicated an endothermic and spontaneous process. The composite maintained highly suitable for phosphate removal from wastewater containing high levels of sulfate, nitrate, or chloride. After seven consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles, the removal rate underwent only a marginal decrease, retaining over 96% of its initial efficiency. Furthermore, phosphate was successfully recovered from the spent adsorbent as crystalline struvite (MgNH₄PO₄·6H₂O), as confirmed by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX analyses. The recovered product exhibited characteristic orthorhombic morphology with an Mg:P molar ratio of 0.96:1, and its XRD pattern matched the commercial struvite standard. The adsorption mechanism was attributed to a synergistic effect of electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange. This work presents a facile strategy to transform renewable cellulose into a high-performance adsorbent for advanced phosphate remediation and resource recovery.
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DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Chao Wang,Ting Jiang,Junwei Huang,Min Chen,Huimin Hu,Lei Peng,Lei Wu,Zeng Chaocheng,Qiwu Zhang
The remediation of high-concentration thallium (Tl + ) contaminated wastewater is a critical environmental concern. Current research emphasizes the effectiveness of adsorption and oxidation methods for Tl + treatment, yet challenges persist in enhancing their performance. This study explores the feasibility of emergency Tl + wastewater treatment and elucidates the mechanisms of Tl + incorporation into mineral structures, with a focus on the struvite mineral as a framework for Tl + integration via NH 4 + ion exchange. To assess the efficacy and mechanisms of Tl + immobilization, we utilized comprehensive analytical techniques, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG), and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The findings reveal that struvite adsorbs Tl + onto its surface, followed by an ion exchange process between monovalent cations (NH 4 + /K + ) within the structure and Tl + . Ultimately, Tl + is incorporated in the form of a (NH 4 ,Tl)MgPO 4 solid solution within the structure, achieving a remarkable maximum incorporation capacity of 320.56 mg/g, which significantly surpasses the capacity of typical adsorbents. The findings demonstrate significant Tl + incorporation, validating the approach for emergency wastewater treatment and suggesting the potential of mineralogy in environmental remediation. This research contributes to advancing heavy metal wastewater treatment strategies, offering a foundation for further investigation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
矿物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 12.2
Degui Gao,Yuefei Huang,Shungui Zhou,Bing Li,Guangqian Wang
Seawater, as an alternative magnesium (Mg) source, has the potential to improve the overall economic and environmental footprint of struvite production compared to the use of pure Mg salts. However, the presence of other ions in seawater may affect the migration of tetracyclines (TCs), commonly found in wastewater, potentially reducing the quality of the recovered product, and posing environmental risks. But these effect has not been illustrated before. This study investigated the impact of seawater on oxytetracycline (OTC) migration during struvite recovery from swine wastewater. Under varying pH levels and Mg/P molar ratios, the OTC content in recovered struvite was ranged from 19 to 103 μg/g, which was 6 to 43 μg/g when using MgCl 2 as Mg source. The key factor influencing OTC content was identified as Ca 2+ in seawater. The co-precipitation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and the incorporation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were the primary reasons for increased OTC content. Interactions between Ca 2+ on HAP surfaces and the carbonyl oxygen of OTC, along with ternary complex formations involving Ca 2+ , DOM, and OTC, facilitated OTC migration through adsorption onto struvite. Notably, increasing the Mg/P molar ratio reduced OTC enrichment due to the competition between Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported these interfacial interactions. These findings enhanced the understanding of antibiotic migration during phosphorus (P) recovery using seawater as alternative Mg source and suggested solutions for reducing P recovery contamination in the future.
研究领域:
环境科学
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水处理工程
·
抗生素污染研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Bohua Cai,Di Wu,Mengyue Zhang,Shujie Hu,Linjiang Zhong,Haoran Yang,Yuan Liu
The imminent depletion of global phosphorus reserves underscores the urgency of nutrient recovery from phosphorus-rich wastewater such as urine. Magnesium–air fuel cell (MAFC) has recently emerged as a promising technology for simultaneous phosphorus recovery and electricity generation. However, conventional planar MAFC configurations are hindered by limited phosphorus treatment capacity and low Mg 2+ utilization efficiency. Here, we developed an electrochemical stirred-tank reactor (ESTR) integrated with an MAFC to enhance resource recovery from urine. Computational and experimental analyses demonstrated improved mass transfer within the ESTR, leading to over 99.91% removal of PO 4 3- -P within 50 min and achieving a high phosphorus treatment load of 20.22 kg/(m 3 ·d). By precisely regulating the corrosion pathways of magnesium anode, the hydrogen evolution corrosion was effectively inhibited by 20.55%. As a result, the Mg 2+ utilization efficiency reached 88.81%, approximately 30.20% higher than that of conventional MAFC systems. During 3600-min continuous operation, the system maintained an average PO 4 3- -P removal of 99.83 ± 0.13%, with struvite content in the recovered precipitates reaching 97.25%, demonstrating excellent operational stability. An economic evaluation further indicated a net profit of 21.43 RMB per cubic meter of urine treated, highlighting both environmental and economic viability. This work presents a scalable and efficient strategy for phosphorus recovery from wastewater and advances the practical implementation of MAFC-based technologies in sustainable resource recycling.
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PubMed
高影响因子
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