BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2013
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IF 4.75
Huiyan Zhang,Mengmeng Luo,Rui Xiao,Shanshan Shao,Baosheng Jin,Guomin Xiao,Ming Zhao,Junyu Liang
Chemical liquid deposition (CLD) with KH550, TEOS and methyl silicone oil as the modifiers was used to modify ZSM-5 and deposit its external acid sites. The characteristics of modified catalysts were tested by catalytic conversion of biomass pyrolysis-derived compounds. The effects of different modifying conditions (deposited amount, temperature, and time) on the product yields and selectivities were investigated. The results show KH550 modified ZSM-5 (deposited amount of 4%, temperature of 20 °C and time of 6 h) produced the maximum yields of aromatics (24.5%) and olefins (16.5%), which are much higher than that obtained with original ZSM-5 catalyst (18.8% aromatics and 9.8% olefins). The coke yield decreased from 44.1% with original ZSM-5 to 26.7% with KH550 modified ZSM-5. The selectivities of low-molecule-weight hydrocarbons (ethylene and benzene) decreased, while that of higher molecule-weight hydrocarbons (propylene, butylene, toluene, and naphthalene) increased comparing with original ZSM-5.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2015
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IF 6.723
Xiaosong Guo,Yulu Chen,Ming Su,Dong Li,Guicun Li,Chengdong Li,Yu Tian,Chuncheng Hao,Qingquan Lei
Titanium dioxide and Nb-doped titanium dioxide microspheres with the same size were fabricated by a simple sol–gel method, and the formation mechanism of Nb-doped titanium dioxide microspheres was proposed. Titanium dioxide and Nb-doped titanium dioxide microspheres were adopted as dispersed materials for electrorheological (ER) fluids to investigate the influence of the charge increase introduced by Nb doping on the ER activity. The results showed that Nb doping could effectively enhance the ER performance. Combining with the analysis of dielectric spectroscopy, it was found that the interface polarization of Nb-doped TiO2 ER fluid was larger than that of TiO2 ER fluid, which might be caused by more surface charges in Nb-TiO2 microspheres due to Nb5+ doping and resulting in enhancement of electric field force and strengthening of fibrous structure. In addition, by comparing and analyzing the permittivity curves of Nb-TiO2/LDPE solid composite and Nb-TiO2/silicone-oil fluid composite, it could be concluded that the enhancement of permittivity at low frequency resulted from the increase of the order degree of dispersed particles in ER fluid rather than from the quasi-dc (QDC) behavior. Moreover, the absolute value of slope of permittivity curves (K) at 0.01 Hz could be utilized as the standard for judging the ability to maintain the chainlike structure. The relationships between polarizability of dispersed particles, dielectric spectrum, parameter K, and ER properties were discussed in detail.
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PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
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2016
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IF 2.632
Mingdong Yu,Faqian Liu,Fanglin Du
Polysiloxane coatings prepared by pre-hydrolysis/condensation of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), etraethoxysilane (TEOS), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in the presence of acid solution were presented in this paper in order to explore their potential use as protective and self-cleaning agents for car surface. The hardness and adhesion on the substrate properties of coatings were thoroughly examined by pencil hardness tester and adhesion tester. Contact angle meter was used to measure the hydrophobic angle properties of coatings. All the properties of coatings were related closely to the composition of coating and the hydrolysis degree of organoalkoxysilane. We found that the Scratch hardness can be improved by the controlling of TEOS quality ratio and acidity conditions, while more dosage of MTMS, MTES and PDMS favor raising the hydrophobic angle. Excellent adhesion property of paint coat was obtained with the presence of γ -(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane (KH-560). Whatever, the best self-cleaning coatings with excellent hardness and adhesion on the substrate was sample A4 synthesized by a sol–gel process of low-cost organoalkoxysilane, prepared at the quality ratio of (MTMS):(TEOS):(MTES):(PDMS):(KH-560) of 8:7:4:4:4 and water-to-precursor quality ratio of 1:7. Finally, ambient-curable self-cleaning coating suitable for large area application was obtained. The scratch hardness and adhesion strength of the coatings was 3H and 0 after hardening with a high speed, respectively. The contact angle after UV aging of the coating was 92°. The transmittance of the coating exceeded 98.5%. Meanwhile, the coating has good resistance to solvent and weather resistance.
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ACS Nano
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2017
·
IF 13.942
Yi Wu,Shuxue Zhou,Bo You,Limin Wu
Hydro- and oleophobic (namely, omniphobic) coatings or surfaces have many important applications, but tremendous challenges in fabrication aspects still remain. Herein, we report a bioinspired design and nanofabrication of three-dimensional (3D) tribrachia-post arrays with re-entrant geometry (3D TPARG) for superhydrophobic and oleophobic polymer films or surfaces. By simply controlling the temperatures and time to treat silica colloidal templates, we can readily fabricate 3D ordered polymer arrays of tribrachia-posts or hexagonal tribrachia-posts with re-entrant geometries that resemble the skin of a springtail insect after the template is removed. These polymer surfaces exhibit excellent and self-healing superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity even against temperature, acids, alkalis, and mechanical damage. Moreover, their liquid-infused nanostructured surfaces still display very good liquid-sliding ability for water and oils. Our 3D TPARG design strategy may help the development of omniphobic polymer coatings or surfaces for practical applications in self-cleaning surfaces, liquid transport, antifouling materials, and many other important fields.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
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2016
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IF 2.525
Limin He,Haipeng Yan,Xiaoming Luo,Juhang Cao,Jing Wang,Donghai Yang
The transient response of water-in-oil droplet interface to electric field, which is important to intensification of separation processes of emulsions, was theoretically and experimentally investigated in this paper. A mathematic model was developed to find out the dynamic mechanisms of the transient process. By discussing the interface velocity and the stresses on the interface, the effects of two mainly governed dimensionless numbers, electric capillary number (Ca) and Ohnesorge number (Oh), on the oscillation modes were explained in detail. A greater Ca or Oh leads to a transformation of oscillation modes from underdamping to overdamping. For the amplitude of the first overshoot ( A m ) which monotonically decreases with Oh, however, there exists a critical Ca at which A m reaches its peak value. Afterwards, with the help of high speed photography, the rising time of overdamping mode was investigated. Despite of very small discrepancy, good agreement between model predictions and experimental results of the scaling law of the dimensionless rising time was observed. The results indicate that the dimensionless rising time shows a linear relationship with Ca under semi-log coordination. This valuable scaling law could provide reference for the optimizing design of oil–water separation devices.
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Advanced Materials Interfaces
·
2016
·Vol. 4
·期 3
·1600862
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IF 3.365
Cunlong Yu,Cunming Yu,Liying Cui,Zhiyang Song,Xinyu Zhao,Ying Ma,Lei Jiang
Nowadays, oily wastewater and spilled oil have caused great threats on both ecosystem and human life. To address these severe problems, considerable efforts have been possessed on developing novel oil/water separation materials. The porous oil-absorbent materials, especially the porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with excellent properties of easy fabrication and inherent hydrophobicity, have attracted tremendous attentions from worldwide. The conventional methods using salt or sugar as sacrificial template and water as solvent have been widely adopted to fabricate the porous PDMS sponge. Due to the inherent hydrophobicity of PDMS, the solvent of water hardly penetrates into the inside of PDMS, which results in the difficult and incomplete remove of the hard template. In this contribution, the 3D interconnected porous PDMS sponge is facilely prepared by utilizing a modified technique with the citric acid monohydrate as hard template and ethanol as solvent. The proposed approach is capable of removing the hard template efficiently and thoroughly, which demonstrates promising utilizations in practical applications.
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ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
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2017
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IF 4.218
Xiaoming Luo,Juhang Cao,Haoran Yin,Haipeng Yan,Limin He
Droplets banding is critical to emulsion separation under ultrasonic irradiation as it can greatly improve the separation efficiency. In this paper, the formation process of droplets banding under ultrasonic standing waves was precisely captured by high-speed microscopic photography; by processing the images, the droplets banding characteristics, including the banding formation time and banding interval, were extracted. Then the effects of acoustic intensity, frequency, droplet size, and physical properties of oil and water on the droplets banding characteristics were discussed in details. The results show that the range of acoustic intensities, within which the droplets banding can form, increases with the increase of the frequency; a maximum allowable acoustic intensity exists for banding formation, which also increases with the frequency. The banding formation time, which increases with increasing oil viscosity but decreases with droplet size, is found to be hardly affected by the oil-water interfacial tension. In addition, the banding interval is only related to the frequency, which closely corresponds to the half wavelength.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2017
·
IF 7.504
Chunchen Zhang,Zhi-Cheng Yao,Qiuping Ding,James J. Choi,Zeeshan Ahmad,Ming-Wei Chang,Jing-Song Li
Particulate platforms capable of delivering multiple actives as well as providing diagnostic features have gained considerable interest over the last few years. In this study, magnetic polymer yolk–shell particles (YSPs) were engineered using a tri-needle coaxial electrospraying technique enabling dual-mode (ultrasonic and magnetic resonance) imaging capability with specific multidrug compartments via an advanced single-step encapsulation process. YSPs comprised magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs) embedded in the polymeric shell, an interfacing oil layer, and a polymeric core (i.e., composite shell–oil interface–polymeric core). The frequency of the ultrasound backscatter signal was modulated through YSP loading dosage, and both T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging signal intensities were shown to decrease with increasing MNP content (YSP outer shell). Three fluorescent dyes (selected as model probes with varying hydrophobicities) were coencapsulated separately to confirm the YSP structure. Probe release profiles were tuned by varying power or frequency of an external auxiliary magnetic field (AMF, 0.7 mT (LAMF) or 1.4 mT (HAMF)). In addition, an “inversion” phenomenon for the AMF-enhanced drug release process was studied and is reported. A low YSP cytotoxicity (5 mg/mL) and biocompatibility (murine, L929) was confirmed. In summary, magnetic YSPs demonstrate timely potential as multifunctional theranostic agents for dual-imaging modality and magnetically controlled coactive delivery.
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RSC Advances
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2017
·Vol. 7
·期 48
·30334-30344
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IF 3.108
Dizhu Yue,Oluwasola Oribayo,Garry L. Rempel,Qinmin Pan
The utilization of sustainable forestry waste resources in the production of polyurethane (PU) foam is a promising green alternative to the use of un-sustainable resources. In this work, we report the liquefaction of waste pine wood at different reaction temperatures and its application in synthesizing a melamine phosphate modified wood type polyurethane foam (designated as MWPU). Our strategy was to obtain liquefied pine-based polyol at an optimum reaction temperature and apply the polyol in synthesizing a flame retardant (MWPU) foam via the incorporation of a melamine phosphate (MP) filler. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses were conducted to investigate the structure characteristics and the morphology of the liquefied waste pine wood polyol and the synthesized (MWPU) foam. An optimum liquefaction temperature of 160 °C was obtained and the glass transition temperature (Tg) for 10 wt% incorporated MP foam was 43.8 °C. The as-prepared (MWPU) foam showed higher glass transition temperature and storage modulus than pine wood based PU foam without MP. The MWPU foam withstood heating at 300 °C without significant degradation and also exhibited a higher thermal stability and limited oxygen index (LOI) value than pine wood based PU foam. These results provided an insight into the physical and structural properties of the as-prepared bio-based foam and paved the way toward preparing bio-based PU foam, which could further expand its potential applications.
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MATERIALS LETTERS
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2017
·
IF 2.572
Shuting Wu,Baolin Wang,Zeeshan Ahmad,Jie Huang,Ming-Wei Chang,Jing-Song Li
In this study, a relatively facile porous magnetic hollow fiber engineering electrospinning method is demonstrated, which modulates fiber morphology based on secondary solvents (at variable temperatures). To demonstrate this, polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer and iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were used as the fibrous composite matrix. Fiber pore size increased with increasing immersed secondary solvent temperature. By contouring the surface morphology ( via modulation of secondary collection solvents) of hollow magnetic fibers, drug (ketoconazole) release kinetics from spun mats were tuned. Furthermore, applying an external AC magnetic field to NP embedded porous fibers enhanced drug release. These findings are promising for alternative engineering, tuning and controlling fiber morphology and drug release behavior.
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MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
·
2016
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IF 3.099
Botao Song
Superhydrophobic metal wire mesh (SMWM) has frequently been applied for the selective and efficient separation of oil/water mixture due to its porous structure and special wettability . However, current methods for the modification of metal wire mesh to be superhydrophobic suffered from problems with respect to complex experimental procedures or time-consuming process. In this study, a very simple, time-saving and single-step electrospray method was proposed to fabricate SMWM and the whole procedure required about only 2 min. The morphology, surface composition and wettability of the SMWM were all evaluated, and the oil/water separation ability was further investigated. In addition, a commercial available sponge covered with SMWM was fabricated as an oil adsorbent for the purpose of oil recovery. This study demonstrated a convenient and fast method to modify the metal wire mesh to be superhydrophobic and such simple method might find practical applications in the large-scale removal of oils.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2017
·Vol. 5
·期 22
·10866-10875
·
IF 8.867
Yunjiao Gu,Jiahua Yang,Shuxue Zhou
Oil contamination is problematic in subaqueous environments. It is difficult to prepare long-lasting textured superhydrophilic/underwater oil-repellent coatings without using a sophisticated method. Here, an ultra-facile and low-cost immersion-curing approach has been developed to generate superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic coatings from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/silica (SiO2) nanocomposites. During immersion curing, polymeric dissolution occurs simultaneously with crosslinking but occurs solely at the topmost layer, and helps to create enriched hierarchical surface micro-/nanostructures. Hence, superhydrophilicity is attainable for nanocomposite coatings with a filler percentage of only 15 wt%. Immersion-cured PVA/SiO2 nanocomposite coatings with 35 wt% silica have an excellent underwater superoleophobicity in terms of durability and ultra-low oil adhesion towards a variety of oils, including viscous crude oil. Because of its lower filler content and confined porous structure, this coating has a greater transparency compared with its conventional blend-curing underwater superoleophobic counterpart. Immersion-cured nanocomposite coatings display an excellent mechanical durability based on pencil hardness (3H) and sand-abrasion performance. The extra acrylic/melamine base-coat allows the underwater superoleophobic PVA/SiO2 coatings to be applied to diverse substrates, including glass, metals, and plastics, and renders them free from oil in aqueous environments.
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