POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2019
·Vol. 59
·期 9
·1882-1888
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IF 1.92
Chengtao Gao,Jianbing Guo,Haibo Xie
Traditional plasticizers to modify polylactic acid (PLA) usually leads to limited biodegradation, due to its inherent non-biodegradability of additives. In this work, we report a melt blending method to modify PLA using the alginic acid and two different alginates combined with nano CaCO 3 , a fully sustainable and biodegradable component. And, the mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties of the composites are investigated. We demonstrated that the filled samples show a lower tensile strength and higher impact strength which means a toughening effect occurs. Dynamic mechanical analysis experiments showed that the calcium alginate-filled samples show higher performances than other filled samples not only in static mechanical but also dynamic mechanical properties. The fracture morphology of the samples shows that a better interfacial reaction has been constituted for gel calcium alginate between CaCO 3 and PLA. Nevertheless, the thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that a lower thermal stability has been achieved in alginate filled samples. Chemorheological study indicated the alginate-filled samples also show a lower modulus and viscosity than neat PLA. It was found that the complex viscosity decrease with the addition of alginates, in comparison with PLA/CaCO 3 composites, and the samples filled with calcium alginate show a higher viscosity than those of sodium alginate and alginic acid. The alginate derivatives showed interesting potential as new green plastic additives attributed to origin from the biodegradable natural resources with a polymeric matrix. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1882–1888, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2019
·
IF 1.92
Li Shuai,Zhang Jun,Chen Jianjun,Yao Ming,Liu Xuepeng,Jiang Zhiguo
Biodegradable body temperature-responsive shape memory polyurethanes, with self-healing function, were synthesized here from PCDL, MDI and different chain extenders, in which the chain extenders are designed to adjust their transition temperatures and shape memory properties. Once deformed at proper temperature, they show more than 96% shape fixation until heated near body temperature, where they recover their original shape (100%) within 20 s. Moreover, these polyurethanes could be self-healing at proper temperature, which makes them available in many medical fields. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E310–E316, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2019
·Vol. 59
·期 5
·1043-1050
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IF 1.92
Yi-Kai Zhan,Shuai Du,Min He,Dao-Hai Zhang,Yu-Fei Liu,Li-Ping Li
In this study, a carboxy esterification reaction was used to graft the hydrophilic polymers polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) onto the surface of carbon fibers (CFs). The properties of the grafted CFs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and through the measurement of interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). SEM enabled the graft morphology on CF surfaces to be determined. In comparisons of grafted and non-grafted CFs, AFM indicated that the roughness was significantly improved; XPS showed that the concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups increased by 186.1%; TG showed that the grafting rate of CF -grafted PEG ( CF -g-PEG) was 0.5%, and that of CF -grafted PVA ( CF -g-PVA) was 2.0%; and the ILSS of CF -g-PEG and CF -g-PVA increased by 22.7% and 43.0%, respectively. We conclude that esterification grafting is an effective method for modifying the physicochemical properties of CFs and improving the interfacial adhesion of composites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1043–1050, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2019
·Vol. 59
·期 8
·1603-1610
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IF 1.92
Libang Feng,Hanwen Zhao,Xia He,Yanhua Zhao,Liuxiaohui Gou,Yanping Wang
Cracks may generate in epoxy resins, which can affect the comprehensive property and shorten service life. The problem is expected to be resolved by endowing epoxy resin with self-healing performance. Herein, a new kind of self-healing epoxy resin containing both Diels–Alder (DA) bonds and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) has been developed. The self-healing performance and mechanical properties of as-prepared epoxy resins are investigated by qualitative observation and quantitative measuring. Results reveal that the as-prepared epoxy resins exhibit excellent self-healing performance and multiple repair ability, and the self-healing behavior is based on dual actions of thermal reversibility of DA reaction and thermal movement of molecular chains. Furthermore, the thermoreversible DA bonds contribute much to the recovery of mechanical property, while the incorporated thermoplastic NBR accelerates the whole healing process. The self-healing efficiency of epoxy resins can be enhanced markedly by introducing thermoplastic NBR. In addition, the self-healing epoxy resins also exhibit outstanding reprocessing performance, which makes it possible of recycling waste epoxy resin. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1603–1610 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2019
·Vol. 59
·期 10
·2008-2015
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IF 1.92
Rui Chen,Shensong Dai,Tong Guo,Hao Tang,Yuqi Fan,Hong Zhou
A novel flame-retardant hsaltryptamine phosphaphenanthrene (HTD) was successfully synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. HTD was used to improve flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP). When the addition content of HTD reached 4 wt%, the EP/HTD thermoset passed a UL-94 V-1 rating and had limited oxygen index value of 29.2%. Compared to neat EP, the release of heat and smoke decreased significantly due to the gaseous-phase and condensed-phase flame-retardant mechanism of HTD. The char residue after cone calorimeter test was analyzed and the results showed that the char residue of EP/8%HTD thermoset exhibited homogeneously crosslinked char layer, which acted as a good barrier for the release of heat and oxygen. The transmittance and mechanical properties of EP/HTD thermosets had been tested. EP/HTD thermoset possessed high transparency and good mechanical properties. In comparison to neat EP, tensile strength, flexural strength, and Izod unnotched impact strength of EP with 8% loading of HTD was improved by 21.9%, 20.5%, and 17.4%, respectively. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:2008–2015, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2020
·Vol. 60
·期 4
·710-716
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IF 1.917
Hui Fang,Denghui Li,Fangjuan Wu,Xiangfang Peng,Anlin Chen,Lingjie Zhang,Sheng Chen
Polyamide 6/boron nitride (PA6/BN) composites were synthesized via anionic ring-opening polymerization using ε-caprolactam as the monomer and functional boron nitride (f-BN) as the thermal conductive filler. Besides the homopolymerized PA6, some PA6 molecule chains would grow from the f-BN sheets through the “grafting from” strategy. Compared with unfunctional hexagonal BN (h-BN), the introduction of f-BN not only improved the dispersion of f-BN in the matrix but also enhanced the interface bonding between f-BN and PA6. The homogeneous dispersion of f-BN in the PA6/f-BN composite favored the formation of the continuous thermal conductive paths or network at a low f-BN loading, and the good interface bonding reduced the phonon scattering in the interface, which improved the thermal conductivity (TC) of the PA6/f-BN composite by 66.0% compared with that of the pure PA6, when only 5 wt% f-BN was added. In contrast, with the same content of unfunctional h-BN loading, the TC of the corresponding composite merely improved by 29.7%. Moreover, Young's modulus and yield strength of PA6/f-BN composites had increased obviously with the introduction of f-BN, whereas those of PA6/h-BN composites showed small fluctuation with the same contents of BN. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:710–716, 2020. © 2020 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2018
·Vol. 59
·期 1
·103-111
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IF 1.551
Ying Gong,Wenying Zhou,Xuezhen Sui,Yujia Kou,Li Xu,Yue Duan,Fuxin Chen,Ying Li,Xiangrong Liu,Huiwu Cai,Qingguo Chen,Zhi-Min Dang
Surface modification of core-shell structured Al (Al@Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles was performed using γ -(Aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APS) and dopamine (DA), respectively, and the microstructures, dielectric properties and thermal conductivities of the Al/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanocomposites were investigated. Both DA and APS enhance the interfacial bonding strength between the fillers and the matrix, leading to homogeneous dispersion of Al nanoparticles in PVDF matrix. Compared with raw Al nanoparticles, surface-treated Al/PVDF exhibit much higher dielectric permittivity due to the enhanced interfacial interactions between the two components, whereas, the dielectric loss and electric conductivity of the nanocomposites still remain at rather low levels owing to the insulating alumina shell preventing effectively core Al from direct contact. The dynamic dielectric properties results reveal that dielectric constant and loss increase with temperature due to the gradually enhanced mobility of molecular chain segments of PVDF for the raw Al/PVDF and treated Al/PVDF nanocomposites. Additionally, the PVDF nanocomposites with Al treated with APS and DA show enhanced thermal conductivities compared with raw Al/PVDF under the same filler loading because of reduced thermal interfacial resistance promoting phonon transfer across the interfaces. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:103–111, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2018
·Vol. 59
·期 3
·625-632
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IF 1.551
Xiaomin Yuan,Bo Zhu,Xun Cai,Kun Qiao,Shengyao Zhao,Min Zhang
Interests in improving poor interfacial adhesion in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites has always been a hotspot. In this work, four physicochemical surface treatments for enhancing fiber/matrix adhesion are conducted on carbon fibers (CFs) including acid oxidation, sizing coating, silane coupling, and graphene oxide (GO) deposition. The surface characteristics of CFs are investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, interfacial shear strength, and interlaminar shear strength. The results showed that GO deposition can remarkably promote fiber/matrix bonding due to improved surface reactivity and irregularity. In comparison, epoxy sizing and acid oxidation afford enhancement of IFSS owing to effective molecular chemical contact and interlocking forces between the fiber and the matrix. Besides, limited covalent bonds between silane coupling and epoxy matrix cannot make up for the negative effects of excessive smoothness of modified CFs, endowing them inferior mechanical properties. Based on these results, three micro-strengthening mechanisms are proposed to broadly categorize the interphase micro-configuration of CFRP composite, namely, “Etching” “Coating”, and “Grafting” modifications, demonstrating that proper treatments should be chosen for combining optimum interfacial properties in CFRP composites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:625–632, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2018
·Vol. 59
·期 2
·411-417
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IF 1.551
Xuelin Zheng,Wei Cheng,Shuning Chen,Jiawen Chen,Qinhui Chen
Urushiol praseodymium-polystyrene (UPr-PS) Janus composite particles were synthesized by emulsion swelling assisted protruding from UPr/PS core-shell composite microspheres. The effects of sulfonated time and the outer electronic configuration of metal on the shell of urushiol metal/PS composite microspheres, together with the effects of monomer type, monomer dosage and swelling time on the swelling behaviour, were studied. The morphology, chemical composition and thermal performance of UPr/PS core-shell composite microspheres and UPr-PS Janus composite particles were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and infrared spectrometer (IR). Results showed that the morphology could be controlled by the metal kind, the sulfonated time, the monomer type, the monomer dosage and the swelling time. Attributing to the novel anisotropic structure, the UPr-PS Janus composite particles will be expected to be applied in oriented catalyst. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:411–417, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2018
·
IF 1.551
Ju Lv,Xueqiong Yin,Rongguo Li,Junhua Chen,Qiang Lin,Li Zhu
Superhydrophobic composite nanofibrous membranes(PP) were prepared from polycaprolactone (PCL)/polystyrene (PS) through solution blow spinning with an airbrush for oil adsorption. PP membranes were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, and thermogravimetric analysis instrument. The effects of mass ratio of PCL and PS on the morphology, porosity, density, cyrstallinity, thermal stability, and oil adsorption ability were investigated. PP membranes had higher density than PCL and PS, while better hydrophobicity. The saturation adsorption capacity of PP to peanut oil, motor oil, and diesel oil is 16.89 g/g, 20.33 g/g, and 12.17 g/g, respectively. After 6 cycles of reutilization, the adsorption capacity to peanut oil, motor oil, and diesel oil remained at 6.16, 7.46, and 5.33 g/g, respectively, higher than that of pure PCL membrane.The water/oil adsorption selectivity of PP was about 7:100. PP had higher oil adsorption capacities and better water/oil adsorption selectivity than the commercial oil absorbent polypropylene. PP membrane could be prepared and used in situ to separate oil from oil/water mixture. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E171–E181, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2018
·Vol. 59
·期 3
·457-464
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IF 1.551
Tienah H. H. Elagib,Elwathig A. M. Hassan,Cheng Fan,Keqing Han,Muhuo Yu
A surface coating was successfully applied through dipping the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers in a carbon black (CB) bath containing a hydrolyzed binder. The coated fibers were pre-oxidized over the microwave furnace at temperatures ranging from 100°C to 170°C for different heating times. The changes in chemical structure were studied by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy combined with elemental analyzer. X-ray diffraction was employed to study the crystalline structure and its related parameters. Differential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetry were used for thermal analysis. In addition, the fiber morphology and the mechanical properties were also evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy results confirmed the presence of CB on the surface of PAN precursor. The analysis in the chemical structure showed an apparent response of coated PAN fibers to the microwave heating, since the microwave field induced the cyclization and crosslinking reactions. The crystallinity and the crystallite height decreased. Furthermore, the tensile strength and elongation of pre-oxidized fibers decreased with the increase of heating time. The measured oxygen content revealed that the pre-oxidized fibers can withstand the high temperatures on the following stage (carbonization). POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:457–464, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2018
·Vol. 59
·期 4
·724-729
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IF 1.551
Xiaoxia Jian,Yufang Song,Weiliang Zhou,Leqin Xiao
The correlation of diisocyanate structure with hydrogen bonding and microphase separation and further their influence on mechanical property was investigated in high soft segment (about 90 wt%) energetic poly(bis-azidomethyl oxetane/tetrahydrofuran) polyurethane binder. The hydrogen bonding analysis from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that the limited intersegmental hydrogen bonding can occur in the hard domain, and small-angle X-ray scattering results also showed that the absence of high-order peaks in synthesized high soft segment polyurethanes. However, coplanar and symmetric diisocyanate and its inner benzene ring are favorable to ordered arrangement of hard segment, and further mircophase seperation enhance the tensile strength. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:724–729, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
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高影响因子
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