JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
·
2022
·Vol. 38
·期 1
·142-155
·
IF 4.351
Jia-Xin She,Weiqiang Li,Shichao An,Yuanfeng Cai
Stable Sn isotopes have the potential to constrain the behavior of Sn in various natural and anthropogenetic processes, however, studies on stable isotopes of Sn for terrestrial rock samples have been limited. Here, we present a high-precision Sn isotope analytical method of geological samples by the double spike technique. Samples were equilibrated with a 117Sn–122Sn double spike during dissolution, then Sn was purified from the rock matrix using TRU spec resin. The purified Sn solutions were analyzed on a Nu 1700 Sapphire MC-ICP-MS, and data reduction was performed using Newton–Raphson iteration. Effects of acid mismatch, concentration mismatch, and matrix elements were systematically tested to evaluate their impact on the accuracy and repeatability of the measurements. We show that the mismatch of acidity exerts negligible influences on the Sn isotope analysis. By contrast, the accuracy of Sn isotopic measurements could be compromised if the Sn concentration of the sample is below 40% of that of the standard. To ensure the accuracy of Sn isotope analysis, the concentration match between the sample and standard should be better than ±20%. When the measured solution has varying mass ratios of [X]/Sn (ng g−1/ng g−1) lower than 0.5 for Mg, Ca, Fe, Ti, U, Ni, Ag, As, Ru, and Mo, the measured Sn isotope composition was not affected. However, Cd in Sn samples could affect the accuracy of Sn isotope analysis by the 117Sn–122Sn double spike through the generation of 116CdH+ in plasma that interferes with 117Sn+. The Cd/Sn ratio needs to be below 0.01 to ensure analytical accuracy by the double spike method. The accuracy of this method was further verified by measuring the pure solution with both double spike and sample standard bracketing methods, as well as processing a synthetic solution through column chemistry. The Sn isotope compositions of geological samples measured using our method are reproducible and consistent with previous data from other laboratories. Additionally, Sn isotope data for geological reference materials BIR-1, RGM-1, and GSR-1 are reported for the first time. Based on repeated analyses of pure and geological reference materials, the long-term intermediate precision is better than ±0.069‰ on δ122/118Sn for a spiked solution of 100 μg g−1.
研究领域:
地球化学
·
分析化学
·
地质学
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International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 33
·期 5
·1574-1584
·
IF 8.8
Liu Ting,Xu Hao,Liu Shuai,Cai Shixia,Wang Weimin,Song Kaikai,Hu Lina,Sui Kunyan
Lithium metal batteries have been widely used in energy storage applications owing to their high theoretical energy density. However, the unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in the batteries lead to the formation of lithium dendrites and “dead lithium”, thus affecting the safety and cycle life of the battery. To address this issue, an artificial SEI was prepared using a polymer coating strategy. The introduction of succinonitrile (SN) accelerates ion transport by promoting the dissociation of lithium salts. The solid electrolyte Li 6.5 La 3 Zr 1.5 Ta 0.5 O 12 (LLZTO) enhances the mechanical strength of artificial SEIs and promotes ion conduction. Furthermore, the competitive coordination between LLZTO and SN inhibits lithium anode corrosion, forming SEI rich in LiF and Li 3 N. Therefore, the lithium metal anode modified with an artificial SEI can be stably plated/stripped for more than 10000 h. The LiFePO 4 full cell assembled with the modified anode exhibited a discharge specific capacity of 133 mAh·g −1 and a capacity retention of 97% after 1000 cycles at 2 C (1 C = 170 mA·g −1 ). Notably, the anode modified with the artificial SEI exhibited excellent electrochemical performance even at low temperatures.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 7
·e70960
·
IF 4.2
Mingyang Zhao,Yupeng Jiao,Zhenfeng Tong
Sn-containing hollandite has been highlighted by recent machine learning-guided design as a promising host for radioactive cesium (Cs), yet waste form validation remains limited. Here, a Cs-bearing Sn-based hollandite series, (Ba,Cs) 1.66 (Fe,Sn) 8 O 16 , was synthesized in air by solid-state reaction, with hollandite formation at 1125°C followed by pressureless sintering at 1200°C. x-Ray diffraction confirms hollandite as the major phase across the series, with minor Ba-bearing secondary phases only at low Cs contents. Rietveld refinement reveals anisotropic lattice expansion and a tetragonal-to-monoclinic symmetry change at the Cs-rich end member, accompanied by progressive tightening of tunnel descriptors, indicating a Sn-specific Cs accommodation response distinct from many Ti-based hollandites. Chemical durability was evaluated by monolithic leaching in deionized water at 90°C. At Cs loadings up to ∼17 wt%, 7-day Cs release is comparable to representative Ti-based hollandites tested under similar conditions. Sn exhibits ultralow normalized release, while Cs and Ba show higher release without detectable degradation of the hollandite matrix. Extended 28-day interval leaching on Ba 0.8 Cs 0.86 Fe 2.46 Sn 5.54 O 16 (HS2) and Ba 0.4 Cs 1.26 Fe 2.06 Sn 5.94 O 16 (HS3) separates rapid early wash-off from slower, diffusion-controlled release. By 14–28 days, Cs and Ba leaching rates converge to ∼2–4 × 10 −2 g·m −2 ·day −1 , with effective diffusion coefficients of ∼1–2 × 10 −11 cm 2 /s and leaching indices of ∼11. Benchmarking against Ti-based hollandites places the Sn-based series within a competitive loading–durability window under a comparatively mild processing route, supporting Sn-based hollandite as a readily fabricated candidate for high-loading Cs immobilization.
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JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2014
·Vol. 161
·期 12
·H730
·
IF 2.859
Lina Xu,Ruizhuo Ouyang,Shuang Zhou,Haifeng Wen,Xin Zhang,Yang Yang,Ning Guo,Weiwei Li,Xin Hu,Zhuoyuang Yang,Lei Ouyang,Yuqing Miao
Novel Sn-Pb hybrid nanoparticle decorated mesoporous carbon (MPC) was successfully prepared on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and used for the anodic stripping measurements of Cd(II) via square wave Voltammetry. In the presence of MPC, the properties of Sn-Pb were dramatically improved including the ability of electron transfer, particle size and hydrophilicity, which played a significant role in achieving more preferable analytical performances of Cd(II) with Sn-Pb based sensor. After all the experimental parameters involved were carefully optimized, the proposed Sn-Pb/MPC based sensor was applied to the stripping determination of Cd(II), showing the best electrochemical behaviors by comparison with Sn, Pb and Sn-Pb modified electrodes. The synergic effect between Sn-Pb and MPC was believed to be the major factor leading to such improved electrochemical properties of Sn-Pb/MPC based sensor for Cd(II) analysis. In the concentration range of 0–140 μg L−1, the linear analytical curve for Cd(II) was achieved with correlation coefficient and detection limit calculated to be 0.9996 and 0.36 μg L−1 (S/N = 3), respectively. By using the standard addition method, Cd(II) ion in river samples was successfully determined with satisfactory recoveries higher than 100%. These results suggest that the proposed method can be applied as a simple, efficient alternative to monitor the heavy metals in water samples, compared with ICP based techniques.
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MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Xueying Xie,Siyang Yan,Weiming Zhai,Zhenlei Zhang,Liping Liu,Jiaxu Liu,Guang Xiong,Feng Liu
Sn-Beta zeolite is a versatile heterogeneous Lewis acid catalyst. Herein, we report a fluoride-free aerosol-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of plate-like Sn-Beta zeolite, which overcomes the environmental problems caused by traditional fluorinated hydrothermal method. The synthesis process, after the optimation by varying seed types, seed loadings, templating agent amounts, and crystallization times, results in the plate-like Sn-Beta zeolite with high relative crystallinity and mesoporous pore volume. Furthermore, the zeolites synthesized using this method exhibit superior catalytic performance in the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of 2-adamantanone as compared to the sample synthesized by traditional fluoride-assisted hydrothermal method. The physicochemical characteristics of the two samples have been systematically compared. The enhancement of catalytic performance can be ascribed to their greater external surface area, which is more accessible to large molecules.
研究领域:
化学合成
·
催化化学
·
材料科学
·
环境化学
·
纳米技术
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Zhe Li,Zeyang Li,Hao Lu,Boyu Song,Xiya Zhao,Hanyang Zhou,Lei Wang,Qingli Zou,Yusen Yang,Min Wei
Tin oxide is widely recognized as a promising candidate for the electrochemical synthesis of formate from CO2. However, challenges such as suboptimal performance and a limited understanding of the reaction mechanisms persist. In this study, we developed an integrated electrode by optimizing a hierarchical metal–metal oxide nanoarray via a combination of hydrothermal synthesis and electrodeposition. This design enables direct growth of the catalyst on the current collector, eliminating the need for polymer binders. The constructed metal–loading structure effectively regulates the electronic structure of Sn and facilitates the formation of Snδ+ species, which thereby enhances the adsorption strength of *OCHO intermediate, significantly enhancing formate production. The resulting electrocatalyst, Bi–Sn(In)O, demonstrates a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 83.66% for the reduction of CO2 to formate, with a maximum production rate of 768.12 μmol·h–1·cm–2 and a current density of 54.45 mA·cm–2. In situ infrared characterization and theoretical calculations reveal that local charge redistribution and the presence of high-valence Snδ+ improve the adsorption and stabilization of the crucial *OCHO intermediate, thereby lowering the energy barrier for HCOOH formation. Additionally, the integrated electrode design enables the exposure of more active sites, substantially increasing the electrochemical surface area and catalytic activity. This study offers valuable insights into the catalyst design for high-valence Snδ+ in CO2 reduction.
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Mei Li,Zhixiang Shan,Rugeng Liu,Meng Zhang,Wei Han
The electrochemical investigation of Ce(III) was carried out on W, Sn film and liquid Sn electrodes in LiF-LiCl eutectic by a variety of electrochemical methods. It was determined that Ce(III) was reduced to metallic Ce on W electrode via a one-step three-electron transfer, which was a reversible process controlled by diffusion. The diffusion coefficient of Ce(Ⅲ) in LiF-LiCl eutectic was estimated by CV and CP, while the diffusion activation energy was calculated to be 20.86 kJ mol −1 and 20.95 kJ mol −1 , respectively. The electrochemical behavior of Ce(Ⅲ) was studied on Sn film electrode by CV and OCP. Eight alloy compounds Ce x Sn were obtained due to the underpotential deposition of Ce on the pre-deposited Sn film electrode. The activities of Ce in Ce x Sn and standard Gibbs formation energies of Ce x Sn were evaluated, respectively. Moreover, on Sn film electrode, the electrochemical extraction of Ce was performed at −1.5 V. XRD, SEM and EDS results exhibited the formation of CeSn 3 and Ce 2 Sn 5 . On liquid Sn electrode, the reduction current of Ce appeared at about −1.2 V and reached a peak at about −1.4 V. The electrochemical extracting Ce was also conducted on liquid Sn electrode at −1.3 V and CeSn 3 was obtained. The extraction rates and efficiencies of Ce on liquid Sn electrode were estimated using ICP-AES at different durations. It was found that as the extraction proceeded, the extraction rate decreased, while the extraction efficiency increased. The extraction efficiency reached over 98 % after electrolysis for 10 h.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
·
2024
·
IF 3.1
Qinyuan Qu,Wengang Liu,Wang Zheng,Benjamin Chetelat,Qingchuan Liu,Jiubin Chen
The geological and environmental applications of tin (Sn) isotopes have been hindered by the shortcomings of chemical purification, as severe loss of Sn would occur during sample preparation (evaporation and re-dissolution) and column separation, triggering isotope measurement bias. In this study, we develop a novel and robust separation method to purify Sn from natural samples for accurate isotope measurements. The protocol is established by combining two chromatographic columns loaded with AG 1-X8 and AG 50W-X12 resins, and optimizing the sample evaporation and re-dissolution procedures. The method is proven to efficiently eliminate the main interferents such as Ag, Zn, Mo, Cd and Sb and results in low procedural blank (0.54 ± 0.21 ng, n = 3), quantitative recovery (95–102%, n = 32) and good external precision (δ120Sn of 0.02–0.04‰, in 55 measurements) for isotope measurement. The protocol is further applied to seven geological and environmental reference materials (BCR-2, BHVO-2, AGV-2, JG-2, AC-E, PACs-2 and GSS 7) and new values are reported for both odd (δ119Sn and δ117Sn) and even (δ120Sn and δ122Sn) Sn isotope ratios. This study demonstrates clearly the potential application of our method for studying the geochemical behaviors of Sn and its isotopes in various aspects.
研究领域:
地球化学
·
分析化学
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高影响因子
Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 9
·2149
·
IF 3.2
Qingmeng Wang,Xiuli Wang,Xiaomin Cheng,Qianju Cheng,Yi Yang
In the fields of nuclear engineering and solar thermal utilization, low melting point alloys with excellent thermal conductivity and heat transfer performance have attracted extensive research as a new generation of heat transfer fluids, leading to many fundamental and important application issues. This study investigates the high-temperature corrosion behavior of Sn-50Bi-2Zn (wt.%) heat transfer alloy against 304 stainless steel (304), 310S heat-resistant steel (310S), and 20 carbon steel (20C) at 600 °C. Theoretical analysis, based on Fick’s diffusion law, and experimental measurements reveal significant differences in corrosion severity. After 473 h, 20 carbon steel exhibited the lowest corrosion layer thickness (0.07 mm), while 310S suffered the most severe corrosion (1.50 mm), exceeding 304SS (0.83 mm) by 81%. Diffusion coefficients derived from Sn penetration depths further quantified these trends: D310S = 2.51 × 10−7mm2/s (6.8 × higher than 304: 3.7 × 10−8mm2/s) and D20C = 2.87 × 10−10mm2/s (128 × lower than 304SS). XRF analysis confirmed the dissolution of steel components into the molten alloy, with Fe, Cr, and Ni content increasing to 0.382 wt.%, 0.417 wt.%, and 0.694 wt.%, respectively, after 480 h. These results underscore the critical role of Ni content in accelerating Sn/Zn diffusion and pore formation, providing actionable insights for material selection in high-temperature heat transfer systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核工程
·
热能工程
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PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 26.8
Xiuling Li,Yuechuan Bi,Xiang Guan,Jiaqi Wang,Jinli Liu,Yingjie Zhao,Chunli Zhao,Zhuojian Li,Shurui Chi,Junnan Wang,Renjing Chen,Zixun Zhao,Zemin Wang,Xin Tong,Ninggui Ma,Han Liu,Zhiming Wang,Zongwen Liu,Yang Ren,Zhanhua Wei,Kebin Lin
Eco-friendly CsSnI 3 -based perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with the emission peak extending to the near-infrared-II (NIR-II) region hold tremendous potential for applications in biological monitoring, night vision, and optical communications. However, the various defects caused by the instability of Sn 2+ within the CsSnI 3 film, and the non-equilibrium carrier injection rate in the devices are the two major factors that limit the device performance. Here, we report high-performance NIR-II CsSnI 3 -based PeLEDs achieved by employing functional sulfaguanidine (SG) molecules. Due to the strong S═O─Sn coordination bonds, NH 2 ···I − hydrogen bonds could be formed between CsSnI 3 and SG, which effectively eliminated various Sn(II)-related defects in the CsSnI 3 film. Moreover, the SG molecules significantly improved the morphological uniformity and regulated the carrier injection balance, resulting in more balanced carrier injection that enhanced the effective radiation recombination rate. Consequently, the optimized CsSnI 3 -SG PeLEDs achieved a breakthrough external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8.1%, which is the highest efficiency reported for CsSnI 3 -based PeLEDs to date.
研究领域:
光电子学
·
材料科学
·
钙钛矿发光二极管
·
近红外光子学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Nanoscale Advances
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Rana Ahmed,Abeer Enaiet Allah,Ahmed A. Farghali,Waleed M. A. El Rouby,Abdalla Abdelwahab
The development of efficient and cost-effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is critical for advancing water-splitting technologies. In this study, we report the synthesis of a Sn-doped NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) integrated with zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67)-derived Co species (NiFe-LDH-Sn/ZIF-67) as an efficient catalyst for the OER. The doping of Sn into NiFe-LDH enhances the electronic conductivity and optimizes the active sites for the OER. Concurrently, the introduction of ZIF-67 promotes structural stability and increases the surface area to 727 m2 g−1, fostering synergistic interactions between the components. The NiFe-LDH-Sn/ZIF-67 catalyst exhibits a significantly lower potential of 1.59 V vs. RHE at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 79 mV dec−1 in alkaline media. The study reveals that Sn doping facilitates the electron transfer process by reducing the equivalent series resistance (ESR) from 325 Ω to 161 Ω, while ZIF-67 improves charge redistribution and catalytic stability by 91.8% after 24 h. This study underscores the potential of combining LDH and metal–organic frameworks to design advanced catalysts for sustainable energy applications.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
催化
·
能量转换
·
纳米技术
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Yulan Xu,Minxian Wu,Xianxian Zhang,Wenchang Wang,Naotoshi Mitsuzaki,Zhidong Chen
Electrodeposition is a simple and rapid method for the preparation of thin-film materials, allowing catalytic materials to be directly deposited onto substrates, thereby eliminating the need for binders. Compared with bulk materials, two-dimensional thin films possess a higher specific surface area. The incorporation of Ga in Sn-based alloy materials can effectively expose active sites, thereby enhancing the catalytic performance for CO 2 electroreduction. Doping with rare-earth elements such as cerium can induce the formation of oxygen vacancies and defect sites, or modulate the electronic structure of the catalyst surface. These modifications enable independent regulation of the adsorption energy of various intermediates, effectively lowering reaction energy barriers and improving catalytic efficiency. In this work, Ga-Sn-Ce electrodes were synthesized via electrodeposition in a deep eutectic solvent composed of choline chloride and urea, and subsequently applied to CO 2 reduction. The GaSnCe0.6 electrode exhibited excellent selectivity toward formic acid at −0.99 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 92 %. Compared with previously reported Ga-Sn alloys, the introduction of Ce resulted in a positive shift of 250–270 mV in the optimal reduction potential for formic acid production from CO 2 .
研究领域:
催化化学
·
材料科学
·
电化学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
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