BIOCATALYSIS AND BIOTRANSFORMATION
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2023
·
IF 1.8
Jue Chen,Qibin Cheng,Qianqian Ma,Yuqi Wu,Liwei Zhang
This study aimed to establish a novel method for catalysing salidroside synthesis by immobilized β-D-glucosidase with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a new green non-aqueous medium. To this end, the catalytic properties of β-D-glucosidase (i.e. activity, stability, and enzymatic properties) were analysed within sixteen different DESs systems. Although most DESs significantly improved enzyme stability, they also reduced enzymatic activity. This was verified at the molecular level by employing fluorescence spectroscopy to evaluate conformational changes in β-D-glucosidase molecules. Subsequently, chitosan microspheres were used to immobilize β-D-glucosidase; the structures of the microspheres and immobilized enzyme were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Through single factor experiments and application of a response surface design, the optimal conditions for production of salidroside by the reaction of tyrosol with immobilized β-D-glucosidase were established. These conditions comprised 80 vol% ChCl/G (1:2), 50 °C reaction temperature, 5.8 pH, 100 h reaction time, 45 U/mL enzyme dosage, and a tyrosol/D-glucose molar ratio of 10. Under these conditions, the average conversion rate of the tyrosol substrate was 31.6%. Moreover, a salidroside crude product was obtained with a purity >70% (g/g) and a substrate conversion rate of immobilized β-D-glucosidase >50% of its initial value after five repeated uses. Collectively, this study establishes a novel green reaction system for the efficient preparation of salidroside and other glycoside compounds, while also providing a theoretical foundation for the analysis of β-D-glucosidase catalytic reactions in DESs systems.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
Ayesha Younas,Zhuolin Dong,Ziye Hou,Muhammad Asad,Mengru Li,Nan Zhang
Wound healing is a largely unmet medical issue in trauma, burn, and diabetes. In this study, a pullulan-based and nanoparticle-loaded smart microneedle patch is designed to release drugs differentially based on the needs of wound healing. Chitosan and fucoidan are first used to prepare moxifloxacin (MOX)-loaded nanoparticles (MOXNPs) with a diameter of 258.0 ± 10.86 nm, PDI 0.19 ± 0.06, and surface charge 45.1 ± 3.9 mV. MOXNPs, lidocaine (LH), and thrombin (TH) are then incorporated to a 30 % ( w /w) pullulan-based microneedle patch (TH + LH + [email protected] ). TH + LH + [email protected] possesses uniform and cone-shaped microneedles with a length of 725 μm, demonstrating good biocompatibility, sufficient strength for skin penetration, fast skin dissolution within 55 ± 5 min, rapid release of TH and LH within 1 h, and sustained release of MOX for 24 h. TH + LH + [email protected] heals mice skin wounds completely within 7 days and restores collagen deposition with accelerated cell proliferation , granulation, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, this study utilizes combined polysaccharides to develop a smart multifunctional microneedle platform that achieves rapid hemostasis/analgesia and sustained bactericidal action. The smart and combined therapy is a potential strategy for high-quality wound healing.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·Vol. 31
·期 3
·1129-1143
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IF 4.705
Tang Qi,Qiu Chongpeng,Zhang You,Zhang Xuefeng,Yuan Zihui,Tan Hailu,Wang Lei,de Hoop Cornelis F.,Qi Jinqiu,Huang Xingyan
In this work, a novel nanocellulose/alum/chitosan/polyethyleneimine biohybrid aerogel (NACPBA) beads adsorbent was successfully prepared to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from wastewater. The NACPBA beads adsorbent was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. A possible adsorption mechanism was also discussed. The experimental results showed that the adsorption process was followed by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Sips isotherm model with the calculated maximum adsorption capacity of 321.3 mg/g on DS. It was much higher than most of the previously reported works. The adsorption capacity of NACPBA beads on DS was increased rapidly within 120 min, especially in the first 60 min. Furthermore, after five regeneration cycles, NACPBA still retained a good adsorption capacity of 103.7 mg/g with a removal efficiency of 50%. Moreover, 95.4% of DS was removed from river water (simulated 5 mg/L DS-contaminated wastewater). The possible adsorption mechanism was primarily governed by electrostatic attractions and hydrogen bond interactions.
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FOOD CONTROL
·
2023
·
IF 6
Shenghui Cao,Shuo Wang,Qingqing Wang,Gang Lin,Baolong Niu,Ruijie Guo,Hong Yan,Huifang Wang
A pH-sensitive bilayer film with antioxidant and antibacterial activities was successfully prepared by anchoring anthocyanins (ACNs) with sodium alginate (SA) as the sensing inner layer and incorporating TiO 2 in chitosan (CS) as the protective outer layer. ACNs in the inner layer were immobilized under acidic conditions while released under alkaline conditions because of the pH sensitivity of SA molecules. The incorporation of TiO 2 improved the color stability of the ACNs, and the film exhibited a wide range of color variations at pH 2–13 with ΔE >5. FT-IR confirmed the existence of hydrogen bonds among the components, and the tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB) of the film reached 24.32 MPa and 38.58%, respectively. Moreover, the bactericidal rates of the film towards E. coli and S. aureus were 99.23% and 97.49%, respectively. The bilayer film could extend the pork's shelf life for 40 and 96 h at 20 °C and 4 °C, and monitor the pork quality in real-time. Therefore, the ACNs@SA + CS/TiO 2 bilayer film is promising for meat preservation and freshness monitoring.
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Biomedical Materials
·
2022
·Vol. 17
·期 6
·065023
·
IF 4.103
Dewei Qiu,Ping Zhou,Jiawei Kang,Zhijun Chen,Zhiyong Xu,Hanwen Yang,Jun Tao,Fanrong Ai
The treatment of implant-associated bone infection remains a significant clinical challenge. However, bone scaffolds with antimicrobial activity and osteoinductive properties can prevent these infections and improve clinical outcomes. In this study, borosilicate bioglass and chitosan composite scaffolds were prepared, and then the surface was modified with nano-zinc oxide. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the chitosan/borosilicate bioglass scaffolds have good degradation and osteogenic properties, while the oxidized Zinc scaffolds have better antibacterial properties.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2022
·
IF 10.723
Zheng Chen,Jiulong Zhao,Hang Wu,Haibin Wang,Xuhua Lu,Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi,Shige Wang
Hydrogel is a kind of hemostatic agent with good application prospect. However, the water molecules on the wound made the hydrogel less adhesive to wet wound tissue. Herein, the carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/oxidized dextran (OD)/γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) hydrogel was prepared using a double-barreled syringe for hemostasis of diffuse and incompressible wound bleeding. The hydrogel formation was based on the intramolecular lactam bonds, intermolecular amide bonds, and Schiff base bonds. In the hydrogel, the super hydrophilic γ-PGA could drain the surface moisture of the wound and create a local dry environment for enhanced surface adhesion. In vivo study showed that the CMCS/ODex/γ-PGA hydrogel possesses a good biosafety and biodegradability . Interestingly, the CMCS/ODex/γ-PGA hydrogel exhibited excellent hemostatic abilities in dynamic humid environment and resisted a high blood pressure of 238 mmHg, which exceeds the threshold systolic blood pressure of healthy adults ( i.e. , 120 mmHg). Together with the antibacterial and reactive nitrogen species scavenging activities, this study is expected to provide a new method to design the wet-surface adhesives for the efficient hemostatic application.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Zheng Chen,Jinpeng Yao,Jiulong Zhao,Shige Wang
Currently, hydrogels are widely studied for wound dressings. However, wound healing is often hindered by bacterial infection. In this study, in situ cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/oxidized dextran (OD)/poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) (COP) hydrogel was prepared for antimicrobial and hemostasis of diffuse wounds. In the COP hydrogel, γ-PGA was able to drain the surface moisture of the wound to enhance the surface adhesion. Moreover, γ-PGA could concentrate blood by absorbing plasma, and CMCS could electrostatically adsorb negative RBCs. The antibacterial properties of CMCS and OD endowed the COP hydrogel with certain antibacterial effects. In the inhibition zone experiment, an obvious inhibition zone appeared around the COP hydrogel. In vivo studies showed that the COP hydrogel significantly inhibited bacterial growth and promoted wound healing. In the rat tail diffuse hemorrhage wound model, the COP hydrogel showed superior hemostasis ability. Therefore, the multifunctional COP hydrogel is expected to find different applications in wound hemostasis and healing.
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Food Packaging and Shelf Life
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2022
·
IF 8.749
Pengquan Zhao,Jiandong Wang,Xinyu Yan,Zihui Cai,Lina Fu,Qi Gu,Lin Liu,Haojie Jin,Yujie Fu
In this study, the bioactive extract of Rosa roxburghii Tratt (RRT) leaves was incorporated into a chitosan/zein matrix to produce a food packaging film with higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was taken as the extraction solvent and green plasticizer to prepare the film matrix. The physical and structural properties of chitosan/zein films with different concentrations of RRT leaves extracts were characterized by infrared spectroscopy analysis , thermogravimetric analysis , X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The incorporation of RRT leaves extract significantly improved the mechanical properties , light barrier properties and water vapor permeability of the chitosan/zein films. Moreover, the films containing RRT leaves extract had better antioxidant activities and antibacterial activities, with the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of 88.17 % and 86.84 %, respectively, and also effectively inhibited the growth of microorganisms and extended the shelf life of blueberries and cherry tomatoes .
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Tingting Xu,Huanli Gao,Jiahuan Zhou,Ming He,Xingxiang Ji,Hongqi Dai,Orlando J. Rojas
There is an urgent need to develop materials to prevent bacterial infection and the deleterious effects of endotoxins. In this study, we introduce a one-step electrodeposition method to prepare films composed of chitosan/Ag/polypyrrole and layer-by-layer self-assembly to introduce lignin sulphonate (LS) to obtain chitosan/Ag/polypyrrole/LS films. Antibacterial effects against both E. coli and S. aureus are shown by bacterial growth profiles and observation of bacteriostatic zones. Meanwhile, the addition of self-assembled LS improved the antibacterial effect of the film. For E. coli , the inhibition zone diameter was 0.93 cm, while for S. aureus , the inhibition zone diameter was 0.72 cm. Rapid and efficient endotoxin adsorption effects were shown whereby the electrostatic interactions between chitosan and endotoxin molecules played a major role. After adsorption for 1 h, in initial concentration of 1 EU/mL endotoxin solution, the adsorption efficiency could reach up to 85 %, while in initial concentration of 5 EU/mL endotoxin solution, the adsorption efficiency could reach up to 87.6 %. The results suggest chitosan/Ag/polypyrrole/LS films for their capability as a new type of antibacterial film with intrinsic endotoxin adsorption activity.
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MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 24
·9039
·
IF 4.927
Yijie Zhang,Zhiwen Jiang,Yanting Wang,Lixin Xia,Shuqin Yu,Hongjian Li,Wei Zhang,Wanshun Liu,Kai Shao,Baoqin Han
Chitosan (CTS) has been used as a nerve guidance conduit (NGC) material for bridging peripheral nerve defects due to its biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic properties. However, the nerve regeneration effect of chitosan alone is restricted due to its inadequate biological activity. Herein, a composite, bioactive chitosan based nerve conduit, consisting of outer warp-knitted tube scaffold made from medical-grade chitosan fiber, and inner porous cross linked carboxymethyl chitosan (C-CM-CTS) sponge with radial texture was developed. The inner wall of the scaffold was coated with C-CM-CTS solution. CM-CTS provided favorable bioactivities in the composite chitosan-based nerve conduit. An in vitro study of CM-CTS revealed its satisfying biocompatibility with fibroblast and its inhibition of oxidative damage to Schwann cells. As the internal filler of the NGC, the lyophilized sponge of C-CM-CTS showed a longitudinal guidance effect for nerve reconstruction. After 10 mm defect in rat sciatic nerve was bridged with the composite bioactive chitosan-based nerve conduit, the nerve conduit was able to effectively promote axonal regeneration and played a positive role in inducing nerve regeneration and functional recovery. In addition to the functional advantages, which are equal to those of an autograft; the technology for the preparation of this conduit can be put into mass production.Keywords:chitosan;carboxymethyl chitosan;nerve conduit;biocompatibility
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Qian Liu,Zhenrong Tan,Dafeng Zheng,Xueqing Qiu
In order to improve the effect of anti-tumor drugs, a magnetic delivery system for targeted drug was reported. Firstly, aminated lignosulfonate (ALS) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) were used to fabricate nano Fe 3 O 4 to obtain pH-responsive magnetic Fe 3 O 4 /CMCS/ALS nanoparticles. Then the nanoparticles were loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), realizing the targeted delivery and controlled release of anti-tumor drugs. It was found that the amount of crosslinking agent and emulsifier were the key factors affecting the morphology and size of the magnetic nanoparticles. Under optimized conditions, the particle size was about 79.9–169.9 nm, exhibiting excellent pH responsiveness. When the drug-to-material ratio was 11:10, the DOX loading rate and the encapsulation rate of the nanoparticles was 48.68 % and 86.23 %. While the Fe 3 O 4 /CMCS/ALS-DOX particles could release 63.14 %, 56.71 %, and 14.28 % of DOX at pH 4.0, 5.3, and 7.4, respectively. The results showed that the Fe 3 O 4 /CMCS/ALS particles exhibited excellent drug loading and release behavior based on the pH responsiveness, which could be described by Langmuir adsorption model and Fick's law of diffusion respectively. MTT assay and Live/dead staining experiments also showed that the drug-loaded particles had obvious growth inhibition on cancer cells.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Yunquan Liu,Huimei Shan,Yanyue Pang,Hongbin Zhan,Chunya Zeng
Iron modified chitosan/coconut shell activated carbon (Fe/CSCC) composite bead is synthesized to remove Cr(VI) and is characterized to reveal the influencing factors and reaction mechanism. Results show that the adsorption capacity ( Q e ) of Cr(VI) increases with the increase of iron loading, contact time ( t ), Cr(VI) initial concentration ( C 0 ), and temperature ( T ), but decreases with the increase of pH, and mass and volume ratio ( m/v ). After 0.1 mol FeCl 3 modification, the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by Fe/CSCC reaches as high as 97.25 % at pH = 3, m/v = 1.0 g/L, t = 2880 min, C 0 = 25 mg/L, and T = 25 °C. The coexisting ions of SO 4 2− , HPO 4 − , and Ca 2+ lead to the decrease of Q e by 7.82, 5.05, and 5.50 mg/g, respectively, and the inhibition effect increases with their increasing concentrations. Fe/CSCC adsorption for Cr(VI) is an endothermic spontaneous process, and a chemical and monolayer adsorption, which is better fitted to a pseudo-second-order kinetic. The fitted maximum Q e is 64.49 mg/g by using the Langmuir model. Moreover, after five cycles of regeneration, the Q e value only drops about 3.46 mg/g. Characterization analysis of BET, XRD , FTIR , XPS, and SEM-EDS indicates that Cr(VI) is mainly adsorbed by Fe/CSCC through electrostatic attraction and complexation, which is related to the −COOH and − NH 2 groups, and Fe − O groups, respectively.
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