BIOCATALYSIS AND BIOTRANSFORMATION
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2023
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IF 1.8
Jue Chen,Qibin Cheng,Qianqian Ma,Yuqi Wu,Liwei Zhang
This study aimed to establish a novel method for catalysing salidroside synthesis by immobilized β-D-glucosidase with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a new green non-aqueous medium. To this end, the catalytic properties of β-D-glucosidase (i.e. activity, stability, and enzymatic properties) were analysed within sixteen different DESs systems. Although most DESs significantly improved enzyme stability, they also reduced enzymatic activity. This was verified at the molecular level by employing fluorescence spectroscopy to evaluate conformational changes in β-D-glucosidase molecules. Subsequently, chitosan microspheres were used to immobilize β-D-glucosidase; the structures of the microspheres and immobilized enzyme were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Through single factor experiments and application of a response surface design, the optimal conditions for production of salidroside by the reaction of tyrosol with immobilized β-D-glucosidase were established. These conditions comprised 80 vol% ChCl/G (1:2), 50 °C reaction temperature, 5.8 pH, 100 h reaction time, 45 U/mL enzyme dosage, and a tyrosol/D-glucose molar ratio of 10. Under these conditions, the average conversion rate of the tyrosol substrate was 31.6%. Moreover, a salidroside crude product was obtained with a purity >70% (g/g) and a substrate conversion rate of immobilized β-D-glucosidase >50% of its initial value after five repeated uses. Collectively, this study establishes a novel green reaction system for the efficient preparation of salidroside and other glycoside compounds, while also providing a theoretical foundation for the analysis of β-D-glucosidase catalytic reactions in DESs systems.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2022
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IF 10.723
Zheng Chen,Jiulong Zhao,Hang Wu,Haibin Wang,Xuhua Lu,Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi,Shige Wang
Hydrogel is a kind of hemostatic agent with good application prospect. However, the water molecules on the wound made the hydrogel less adhesive to wet wound tissue. Herein, the carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/oxidized dextran (OD)/γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) hydrogel was prepared using a double-barreled syringe for hemostasis of diffuse and incompressible wound bleeding. The hydrogel formation was based on the intramolecular lactam bonds, intermolecular amide bonds, and Schiff base bonds. In the hydrogel, the super hydrophilic γ-PGA could drain the surface moisture of the wound and create a local dry environment for enhanced surface adhesion. In vivo study showed that the CMCS/ODex/γ-PGA hydrogel possesses a good biosafety and biodegradability . Interestingly, the CMCS/ODex/γ-PGA hydrogel exhibited excellent hemostatic abilities in dynamic humid environment and resisted a high blood pressure of 238 mmHg, which exceeds the threshold systolic blood pressure of healthy adults ( i.e. , 120 mmHg). Together with the antibacterial and reactive nitrogen species scavenging activities, this study is expected to provide a new method to design the wet-surface adhesives for the efficient hemostatic application.
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FOOD CONTROL
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2023
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IF 6
Shenghui Cao,Shuo Wang,Qingqing Wang,Gang Lin,Baolong Niu,Ruijie Guo,Hong Yan,Huifang Wang
A pH-sensitive bilayer film with antioxidant and antibacterial activities was successfully prepared by anchoring anthocyanins (ACNs) with sodium alginate (SA) as the sensing inner layer and incorporating TiO 2 in chitosan (CS) as the protective outer layer. ACNs in the inner layer were immobilized under acidic conditions while released under alkaline conditions because of the pH sensitivity of SA molecules. The incorporation of TiO 2 improved the color stability of the ACNs, and the film exhibited a wide range of color variations at pH 2–13 with ΔE >5. FT-IR confirmed the existence of hydrogen bonds among the components, and the tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB) of the film reached 24.32 MPa and 38.58%, respectively. Moreover, the bactericidal rates of the film towards E. coli and S. aureus were 99.23% and 97.49%, respectively. The bilayer film could extend the pork's shelf life for 40 and 96 h at 20 °C and 4 °C, and monitor the pork quality in real-time. Therefore, the ACNs@SA + CS/TiO 2 bilayer film is promising for meat preservation and freshness monitoring.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
Yuting Shi,Wenwen Yu,Xiaoqin Liang,Ju Cheng,Yufei Cao,Mingsheng Liu,Yu Fang,Zheng Yang,Hongbin Liu,Hua Wei,Guanghui Zhao
Preventing arterial hemorrhage by intervening within the first few minutes is critical to the patient's life. Hemostatic materials have been developed over the last decades to address this issue, nevertheless these materials alone do not contribute to improve the survival effects in many extreme conditions, which is usually caused by penetrating arterial bleeding wounds that are incompressible and deep arterial bleeding with irregularly shapes. It is well known that, after calcium ion stimulation, many intriguing changes occurred in the major components of plasma, including the activation of several coagulation factors , such as the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, prothrombin to thrombin, and so on. Therefore, we constructed an expansion sponge with interpenetrating network based on chitosan and plasma, while various activated coagulation factors in plasma were also loaded into the pore structure of chitosan sponges. The prepared CS-PG sponge is capable of providing a simpler and more efficient method for treating high-pressure arterial bleeding wounds, which includes three steps: Rapid sealing and adhension, Thrombin catalysis and Activated autocoagulation. As the next generation bioactive materials , compared to conventional hemostatic materials, CS-PG sponge demonstrated superior hemostatic characteristics in both rabbit femoral artery damage and rat liver injury models.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 8.2
Zhenan Rao,Xiaojuan Lei,Yuanyuan Chen,Jiang Ling,Jichun Zhao,Jian Ming
The utilization of microcarriers is an effective technique to protect and slow down the release of active ingredients, while the combination of microcarriers and film materials is an important way to expand the application scenario of active ingredients. The aim of this study was to develop a simple and facile strategy for designing a multifunctional bilayer bioactive film that combines stable mechanical properties, sustained-release characteristics for active ingredients with good antioxidant and antibacterial properties . The EGCG-loaded chitosan active microspheres were prepared by sol-gel method, and then the carboxymethyl cellulose solution containing the active microspheres was assembled onto the carboxymethyl chitosan gel substrate based on intermolecular hydrogen bonding to construct a film with a stable bilayer structure. The results indicated that the bilayer film had dense microstructure and excellent mechanical strength (37.05 MPa), and exhibited UV-blocking properties and excellent gas barrier performance. Meanwhile, the loading of active ingredients (EGCG) in the microspheres enabled the bilayer film to exhibit excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties, and the controlled release of EGCG by the film was sustainable and showed pH responsiveness. The results of this work provide a new perspective for the design and development of bio-based active packaging film with tunable functional characteristics.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
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IF 8.025
Tingting Xu,Huanli Gao,Jiahuan Zhou,Ming He,Xingxiang Ji,Hongqi Dai,Orlando J. Rojas
There is an urgent need to develop materials to prevent bacterial infection and the deleterious effects of endotoxins. In this study, we introduce a one-step electrodeposition method to prepare films composed of chitosan/Ag/polypyrrole and layer-by-layer self-assembly to introduce lignin sulphonate (LS) to obtain chitosan/Ag/polypyrrole/LS films. Antibacterial effects against both E. coli and S. aureus are shown by bacterial growth profiles and observation of bacteriostatic zones. Meanwhile, the addition of self-assembled LS improved the antibacterial effect of the film. For E. coli , the inhibition zone diameter was 0.93 cm, while for S. aureus , the inhibition zone diameter was 0.72 cm. Rapid and efficient endotoxin adsorption effects were shown whereby the electrostatic interactions between chitosan and endotoxin molecules played a major role. After adsorption for 1 h, in initial concentration of 1 EU/mL endotoxin solution, the adsorption efficiency could reach up to 85 %, while in initial concentration of 5 EU/mL endotoxin solution, the adsorption efficiency could reach up to 87.6 %. The results suggest chitosan/Ag/polypyrrole/LS films for their capability as a new type of antibacterial film with intrinsic endotoxin adsorption activity.
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MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 24
·9039
·
IF 4.927
Yijie Zhang,Zhiwen Jiang,Yanting Wang,Lixin Xia,Shuqin Yu,Hongjian Li,Wei Zhang,Wanshun Liu,Kai Shao,Baoqin Han
Chitosan (CTS) has been used as a nerve guidance conduit (NGC) material for bridging peripheral nerve defects due to its biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic properties. However, the nerve regeneration effect of chitosan alone is restricted due to its inadequate biological activity. Herein, a composite, bioactive chitosan based nerve conduit, consisting of outer warp-knitted tube scaffold made from medical-grade chitosan fiber, and inner porous cross linked carboxymethyl chitosan (C-CM-CTS) sponge with radial texture was developed. The inner wall of the scaffold was coated with C-CM-CTS solution. CM-CTS provided favorable bioactivities in the composite chitosan-based nerve conduit. An in vitro study of CM-CTS revealed its satisfying biocompatibility with fibroblast and its inhibition of oxidative damage to Schwann cells. As the internal filler of the NGC, the lyophilized sponge of C-CM-CTS showed a longitudinal guidance effect for nerve reconstruction. After 10 mm defect in rat sciatic nerve was bridged with the composite bioactive chitosan-based nerve conduit, the nerve conduit was able to effectively promote axonal regeneration and played a positive role in inducing nerve regeneration and functional recovery. In addition to the functional advantages, which are equal to those of an autograft; the technology for the preparation of this conduit can be put into mass production.Keywords:chitosan;carboxymethyl chitosan;nerve conduit;biocompatibility
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
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IF 8.2
Jinxin Lan,Jiazhen Chen,Ruiqi Zhu,Changmei Lin,Xiaojuan Ma,Shilin Cao
The worldwide outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has attracted extensive attention to antibacterial and antivirus materials. Cellulose is the most potential candidate for the preparation of green, environmentally friendly antibacterial and antiviral materials. Herein, modified cellulosic fibers with sustained antibacterial and antiviral performance was prepared by introducing chitosan oligosaccharide onto the fibers. The two-step method is proved to be more effective than the one-step method for enhanced chitosan oligosaccharide loadings and antibacterial and antiviral activity. In this instance, the modified fibers with 61.77 mg/g chitosan oligosaccharide loadings can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by 100 % after contacting with bacteria for 12 h and reduce the bacteriophage MS2 by 99.19 % after 1 h of contact. More importantly, the modified fibers have washing durable antibacterial and antiviral activity; the modified fibers have 100 % antibacterial and 98.38 % antiviral activity after 20 washing cycles. Benefiting from the excellent performance of the individual fibers, the paper prepared from the modified fibers show great antibacterial (100 %) and antiviral performance (99.01 %) and comparable mechanical strength. The modified fibers have potential applications in the manufacture of protective clothing and protective hygiene products.
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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2023
·Vol. 103
·期 7
·3306-3314
·
IF 4.1
Hongxu Yan,Yayuan Xu,Zhuqing Dai,Zhongyuan Zhang,Yihong Bao,Da-jing Li
BACKGROUND Numerous positive effects have been attributed to lutein, a lipophilic nutrient, including resisting ultraviolet radiation and protecting retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells against blue light damage. It also has preventive effects against cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, its use could be limited by its poor stability and low bioaccessibility in the human digestive system. An encapsulation delivery system was therefore developed to resolve these limitations. In this study, chitosan-modified lutein nanoliposomes (CS-LNLs), chitosan-EGCG covalently modified lutein nanoliposomes (C-CS-EGCG-LNLs), and chitosan-EGCG noncovalently modified lutein nanoliposomes (non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs) were designed. The average particle size, ζ -potential, and retention of lutein during storage were measured to indicate the physicochemical stability of the modified lutein nanoliposomes. The bioaccessibility of modified lutein nanoliposomes was also investigated to demonstrate the availability of lutein in the human digestive system. RESULTS First, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified that covalent bonds between chitosan and EGCG were formed. Subsequently, ζ -potential results revealed that C-CS-EGCG-LNLs had a relatively stable structure in comparison with lutein nanoliposomes (LNLs). The retention rate of lutein in CS-LNLs, C-CS-EGCG-LNLs, and non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs was improved, especially in C-CS-EGCG-LNLs (at around 70% of lutein in initial system). An in vitro digestion experiment illustrated that CS-LNLs, C-CS-EGCG-LNLs, and non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs presented relatively higher bioaccessibility, especially in C-CS-EGCG-LNLs (at around 33% of luein in initial system), which increased 2.5 and 1.65 times in comparison with free lutein and LNLs, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, the results showed that C-CS-EGCG-LNLs presented greater physicochemical stability and bioaccessibility than LNLs, CS-LNLs, and non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Zheng Chen,Jinpeng Yao,Jiulong Zhao,Shige Wang
Currently, hydrogels are widely studied for wound dressings. However, wound healing is often hindered by bacterial infection. In this study, in situ cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/oxidized dextran (OD)/poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) (COP) hydrogel was prepared for antimicrobial and hemostasis of diffuse wounds. In the COP hydrogel, γ-PGA was able to drain the surface moisture of the wound to enhance the surface adhesion. Moreover, γ-PGA could concentrate blood by absorbing plasma, and CMCS could electrostatically adsorb negative RBCs. The antibacterial properties of CMCS and OD endowed the COP hydrogel with certain antibacterial effects. In the inhibition zone experiment, an obvious inhibition zone appeared around the COP hydrogel. In vivo studies showed that the COP hydrogel significantly inhibited bacterial growth and promoted wound healing. In the rat tail diffuse hemorrhage wound model, the COP hydrogel showed superior hemostasis ability. Therefore, the multifunctional COP hydrogel is expected to find different applications in wound hemostasis and healing.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2023
·
IF 10.7
Fenghui Wang,Cancan Xie,Hongjie Tang,Wenhui Hao,Jinyao Wu,Yue Sun,Jiapeng Sun,Yingzhu Liu,Longwei Jiang
The aim of this study was to develop intelligent/active packaging by using chitosan/esterified chitin nanofibers (CN) film matrix and anthocyanins from eggplant peel extract (EE) to monitor the freshness of pork. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , X-ray diffraction and zeta potential results showed that the CN filled into the film network and precisely bonded to the chitosan via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Moreover, the incorporation of EE formed hydrogen bonds with chitosan and CN. Thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy showed that the films became more compact and that thermal stability was improved. Hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and nanofilling effects synergistically improved the mechanical and barrier properties (water vapor, oxygen and optical barrier properties) of the films with the addition of CN. When the content of CN was 5 wt%, the tensile strength, elongation at break, the water vapor and oxygen barrier properties of chitosan film were significantly increased by about 1.44, 1.52, 1.23 and 5.21 times (p < 0.05), respectively. When EE was added to the films, the antibacterial and antioxidant capacities of the film were significantly (p < 0.05) improved. All the films containing eggplant anthocyanins were sensitive to pH 3–11 buffer solutions, and the films had good ammonia-sensitivity and acid-sensitivity. Chitosan-CN-EE films effectively indicated the freshness of pork during storage. Hence, these results suggested that the chitosan-CN-EE films are promising candidates for intelligent and active food packaging applications.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
Ayesha Younas,Zhuolin Dong,Ziye Hou,Muhammad Asad,Mengru Li,Nan Zhang
Wound healing is a largely unmet medical issue in trauma, burn, and diabetes. In this study, a pullulan-based and nanoparticle-loaded smart microneedle patch is designed to release drugs differentially based on the needs of wound healing. Chitosan and fucoidan are first used to prepare moxifloxacin (MOX)-loaded nanoparticles (MOXNPs) with a diameter of 258.0 ± 10.86 nm, PDI 0.19 ± 0.06, and surface charge 45.1 ± 3.9 mV. MOXNPs, lidocaine (LH), and thrombin (TH) are then incorporated to a 30 % ( w /w) pullulan-based microneedle patch (TH + LH + [email protected] ). TH + LH + [email protected] possesses uniform and cone-shaped microneedles with a length of 725 μm, demonstrating good biocompatibility, sufficient strength for skin penetration, fast skin dissolution within 55 ± 5 min, rapid release of TH and LH within 1 h, and sustained release of MOX for 24 h. TH + LH + [email protected] heals mice skin wounds completely within 7 days and restores collagen deposition with accelerated cell proliferation , granulation, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, this study utilizes combined polysaccharides to develop a smart multifunctional microneedle platform that achieves rapid hemostasis/analgesia and sustained bactericidal action. The smart and combined therapy is a potential strategy for high-quality wound healing.
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