MOLECULES
·
2025
·Vol. 30
·期 20
·4070
·
IF 4.6
Ru Zhao,Wenjun Xu,Yuxiang Tang,Jinwen Liu,Xiaoli Li,Liangui Tan,Ailing Ben,Tingli Liu,Lei Yang
The ultrasound-assisted antisolvent precipitation method was used to prepare lignin nanoparticles fromThlaspi arvenseL. rhizomes. The influence of each experimental variable on the average particle size (APS) of the lignin nanoparticles was determined via single-factor experiments. The optimal conditions for the preparation of the lignin nanoparticles were investigated in detail, and the APS of the lignin nanoparticles was 118 ± 3 nm. Compared with those of untreated lignin, the lignin nanoparticles prepared via this method were spherical and evenly distributed, and the structure was not damaged. Ultrasound generated local extreme physical conditions through its cavitation effect to promote nucleation, triggered high-speed turbulence to refine the particle size and improve uniformity, and applied mechanical disturbance to inhibit particle agglomeration, which promoted the preparation of lignin nanoparticles with a small size and good dispersion. A solubility test revealed that the lignin nanoparticles had greater solubility, which was improved 9-fold. The determination of antioxidant capacity revealed that the lignin nanoparticles had high free radical scavenging activity, which provided a broader space for the multifaceted utilization of a kind of grass lignin with the structural characteristics ofT. arvenselignin (p-hydroxyphenyl lignin).
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Energy Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 5
·期 8
·N
·
IF 11.2
Baoyu Wang,Ximing Yan,Ming Zhou,Hu Li
Lignin-based guaiacol and its derivatives can be hydrogenated to synthesize 2-methoxycyclohexanols (2-MCHs), widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, while the efficient catalytic conversion of guaiacols into 2-MCHs is challenging due to the interference of the side reaction of CAr-OCH3 bond cleavage. In this work, highly selective hydrogenation of various guaiacyl lignin-derived phenols to 2-MCHs (yields of 86%-97%) was realized over a single-atom Ru-based catalyst (Ru1/o-CeO2-ov) that preferentially exposes the CeO2(111) plane and has abundant oxygen vacancies. Control experiments and mechanism studies expounded that Ru-O-Ce is the active site for hydrogenation of aromatic ring in guaiacols, and the exposed (111) plane and abundant oxygen vacancies of ceria can reduce the activation energy of aromatic ring hydrogenation, thereby enabling guaiacols to generate the corresponding hydrogenated products with high selectivity. Response surface optimization experiments indicated that temperature and time have relatively more significant effects on the 2-MCH yield. Moreover, the Ru1/o-CeO2-ov catalyst exhibited excellent reusability, and was extensively applicable to the hydrogenative dearomatization of different types of lignin-derived phenols, providing a unique solution for upgrading biomass feedstock into specific structural chemicals.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Xiaorong Liu,Mingyun He,Rui Wang,Youming Dong,Kaili Wang,Jianzhang Li,Xinwu Xu
The manufacturing of wood-based panels necessitates biomass adhesives characterized by high mechanical strength and superior toughness. As promising alternatives to nonrenewable, toxic formaldehyde-based adhesives, soybean meal (SM) adhesives have garnered significant attention. Nevertheless, owing to the inherent stiffness-toughness trade-off, plywood commonly undergoes brittle fracture and is susceptible to damage and deformation flaws throughout its manufacturing and service life. Herein, inspired by the adhesive mechanism of mussel proteins, dopamine-mimetic functionalized rough kenaf fibers (ADKF) were fabricated via an eco-friendly and sustainable approach using a ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) system. This strategy was designed to simultaneously dissolve and functionalize the intrinsic lignin within kenaf fibers (KF), subsequently anchoring it onto the KF surface, which, in turn, enhanced the interfacial compatibility between the KF and SM adhesive. Ultimately, by constructing a multicross-linking network, a high-strength SM-based adhesive with excellent toughness was developed through the synergistic addition of ADKF, copper ions, and triglyceride amine. The wet shear strength of the resultant SMG/ADKF@Cu adhesive reached 1.05 MPa, which was 400% higher than that of the pure SM adhesive. The synergistic effects of the bridging role of ADKF and the formed sacrificial bond structures contributed to the enhanced toughness of the adhesive, with the debonding work reaching 0.297 J. Furthermore, the SMG/ADKF@Cu adhesive exhibited better moisture resistance and mildew resistance (5 days). This sustainable and eco-conscious design for biomimetic functionalized KF utilization provides an effective pathway for valorizing lignocellulosic waste, offering novel paradigms for developing high-performance protein-based adhesives.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Chaoyue Wu,Zehua Zhao,Jun Zhong,Yang Lv,Xiaofei Yan,Yingying Wu,Houhu Zhang
In this study, the adsorption performance and behavior for dyes by hydrochar derived from sewage sludge (SS) and lignin-containing waste (garden waste, GW) were investigated. The results indicated that the adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB) increased as the proportion of GW increased, reaching up to 52.39 mg/g under the mixing ratio of GW and SS 5:5 (5GW:5SS-HC), which represented an enhancement of 22.64 % compared with no addition of GW. The adsorption of 5GW:5SS-HC for MB was significantly influenced by the environmental pH, with enhanced adsorption observed in alkaline conditions due to strengthened electrostatic interactions. Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics indicated that the adsorption for MB occurred on a heterogeneous surface and was primarily a chemical adsorption process. While the addition of GW did not significantly alter the specific surface area or pore structure of the hydrochar, it increased the presence of hydroxyl and other oxygen-containing functional groups, as well as aromatic ring structures. It strengthened the hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions thereby facilitating the adsorption of MB on the surface of hydrochar. Therefore, co-hydrothermal carbonization of GW and SS can produce hydrochar with excellent adsorption performance for MB, providing a novel technological approach for the resource utilization of SS and new insights into the role of lignin component in promoting the adsorption of hydrochars.
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·3871-3880
·
IF 4.987
Zhang Liqiang,Li Shanshan,Yang Zhengda,Wang Xinwei,Li Dawei,Lin Riyi
To explore a new way of utilizing lignin and deepen the understanding of mechanism of two-step pyrolysis (TSP) of biomass, the effects of the first step pyrolysis temperature (T1) and residence time (RT1) on TSP of lignin were studied by using pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). TSP of lignin was also compared with one-step pyrolysis (OSP) of lignin. The results indicated that higher pyrolysis temperature promoted the break of ether linkage among the structural elements of lignin and the removal of side chains. With T1 increasing, the contents of monophenols (MPs), catechols (CPs), monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increased in the first step, while the contents of methoxyphenols with double bond in the side-chain (MPBSs) and methoxyphenols with no double bond in the side-chain (MPSs) increased firstly and then decreased. In the second step, with T1 increasing the contents of MPs and CPs increased firstly and then decreased, the contents of MAHs and PAHs increased significantly, and the contents of MPBSs and MPSs decreased. Higher T1 increased the yields of the most identified compounds of the first step, but decreased the yields of MPs, CPs, MPBSs, and MPSs in the second step. RT1 had great effects on the pyrolysis behaviors and product distribution of TSP of lignin, and the content of MAHs and PAHs in the second step increased significantly with RT1 increasing. Compared with OSP, the yields of MAHs and PAHs could increase in the second step. TSP of lignin could improve the selectivity of value-added chemicals remarkably, such as guaiacol, vanillin, acetovanillone in the first step, and the selectivity of benzene, toluene, m-xylene, phenol, o-cresol, and p-cresol in the second step.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Ya-Peng Du,Meng Li,Xiao-Ping Zheng,Yu Chai,Yan-Zhen Zheng
Effective pre-treatment is vital for efficiently separating and utilizing the three primary components of lignocellulose. In this investigation, agricultural by-product bagasse underwent pre-treatment using a system comprising a metal-based ionic liquid ([BMIM][AlCl 4 ]) and the biomass-derived organic acid lactic acid (LA). This combination exhibited a remarkable synergistic effect in removing lignin (72.58 wt%) while preserving cellulose (70.1 wt%) in the solid residues. The mechanism of the synergistic effect of [BMIM][AlCl 4 ] and LA was revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which elucidated the formation of weak-strength, closed-shell, and electrostatically dominant hydrogen bonds between [BMIM][AlCl 4 ]/LA and lignin. [BMIM][AlCl 4 ] and LA interacted with lignin simultaneously, significantly contributing to lignin dissolution. The removal of lignin and cellulose retention without disrupting the cellulose structure was confirmed through characterization using FTIR, SEM, and XRD techniques. Besides, the pre-treatment effectively broke down the barrier to degradation, enhancing the conversion yield of cellulose into the important platform molecule levulinic acid. Additionally, the regenerated lignin, with small molecular weight and nanometer particle size, demonstrated high antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Overall, this study provides insights into the development of ionic liquid-organic acid pre-treatment strategies for efficiently converting agricultural waste into biofuels, biochemicals, and bio-based materials.
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Microbial Cell Factories
·
2025
·Vol. 24
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 4.9
Tian Yongqing,Yang Yige,Ni Minmin,Wo Jing
Background Vanillin is a widely utilized flavor compound of significant value in the food and pharmaceutical sectors, which can be obtained through natural extraction, chemical synthesis, or biotechnological processes. However, the yield from vanilla pods is insufficient to meet market demand, and chemically synthesized vanillin not only encounters limitations in its application within the food and pharmaceutical industries but also needs to address environmental concerns and unsustainable raw material sources. Hence, it is imperative to explore alternative approaches to develop an efficient and cost-effective green vanillin. To address the challenges encountered in vanillin biosynthesis, such as substrate uptake limitations and product-induced inhibition of cell growth,we leveraged the advantages of surface display technology and artificial multi-enzyme scaffolds to construct a hybrid surface-display biocatalytic system by assembling Eugenol oxidase (EUGO) and dioxygenase (NOV1), which can convert lignin biowaste 4- n -propylguaiacol (4-PG) into vanillin on the surface of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Results To assemble bioactive macromolecules of EUGO and NOV1 on the surface of E. coli BL21(DE3), we utilized Lpp-OmpA-SpyCatcher (LOAS) as an anchoring motif and displayed EUGO-linker-NOV1-SpyTag (ELNS) by covalent interaction between SpyTag andSpyCatcher to allow their spatial proximity. After optimization of the reaction system, our self-assembly display system exhibited highly efficiency in converting 4-PG into vanillin and reached a final concentration of vanillin at 12.58 g/L, 2.5 times higher than that achieved by thewhole-cell biocatalytic system. The LOAS-ELNS display system was applied to the sustainable biosynthesis of vanillin from lignin-derived 4-n-propylguaiacol at least 10 times. Conclusions This work provided a generalized approach to co-expressing proteins and offered an efficient, eco-friendly, and renewable method for the biosynthesis of vanillin from 4-PG.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Hong Liao,Baojun Feng,Xueping Song,Junhua Zhang,Zhanying Zhang
Mandelic acid (MA), a natural and environmentally friendly organic acid, demonstrates high selectivity and efficiency in hydrolyzing hemicellulose, making it an excellent candidate for xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production at low acid dosages. Despite its potential, the application of MA for XOS production has not been evaluated. The study first investigated the effectiveness of MA in hydrolyzing hemicellulose in bamboo into XOS. Under optimized conditions (50 mM MA, 180 °C, 45 min), a high XOS yield of 65.9 % was achieved, with a total xylobiose and xylotriose yield of 43.5 %. Subsequent alkaline pretreatment enabled 92.1 % lignin removal from MA-pretreated bamboo. The recovered lignin exhibited a high purity of 95.2 % and retained fundamental structure and functional groups of native lignin. The resulting residue displayed enhanced crystallinity and accessibility, with reduced hydrophobicity and surface area lignin compared to untreated bamboo. At high substrate concentration of 20 %, cellulase hydrolysis resulted in a glucose conversion efficiency of 83.9 %. Overall, this integrated strategy offered an efficient approach for the co-production of valuable XOS, lignin, and glucose from bamboo. The efficient energy utilization and economic viability further highlighted the potential of this method for large-scale industrial applications, making it an attractive option for biomass valorization.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Yongyuan Deng,Yichao Ye,Tao Yin,Jinyao Mai,Zhipeng Tian,Chao Wang,Ying Chen,Zhi Yang,Junling Tu,Riyang Shu
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) technology is an essential method for efficiently converting phenolic compounds from biomass into high-quality liquid fuels. Rationally designed catalysts not only significantly enhance stability and reaction rates, but also improve product selectivity and fuel quality. In this study, we proposed a Zr 3+ -defect-rich core–shell structured catalyst Ru@SiO 2 -ZrO 2 and employed it for the HDO of phenolic compounds and lignin pyrolysis oil. Ru nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and have small particle sizes, showing outstanding catalytic hydrogenation activity. The porous SiO 2 shell possesses a high specific surface area with a high thermal stability, facilitating reactant transport and maintaining catalyst structural integrity. ZrO 2 serves as an acid modifier to enhance the catalyst acidity and promote the deoxygenation procedure. Besides, ZrO 2 enhances the adsorption of phenolic compounds and improves the cleavage of C-O bonds, due to its abundant oxygen vacancies . These factors make the catalyst achieved complete conversion of guaiacol to cyclohexane at mild reaction temperature of 240°C, which is superior to other similar reported results. Compared to conventional supported Ru/SiO 2 -ZrO 2 catalysts, the unique core–shell structure of Ru@SiO 2 -ZrO 2 obtained a sustained catalytic activity after five consecutive recycles without significant deactivation. Moreover, this core–shell catalyst exhibited good HDO performance for various phenolic compounds and lignin pyrolysis oil. The hydrocarbon content increased significantly from 12.7 % to 96.9 % in the upgrading of lignin pyrolysis oil, demonstrating the catalyst’s great potential for future industrial applications.
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GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·Vol. 23
·期 8
·3090-3103
·
IF 10.182
Changzhou Chen,Dichao Wu,Peng Liu,Jing Li,Haihong Xia,Minghao Zhou,Jianchun Jiang
Lignin is an abundant source of aromatics, and the depolymerization of lignin provides significant potential for producing high-value chemicals. Selective hydrogenolysis of the C–O ether bond in lignin is an important strategy for the production of fuels and chemical feedstocks. In our study, catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin model compounds (β-O-4, α-O-4 and 4-O-5 model compounds) over Ni3S2-CS catalysts was investigated. Hence, an array of 2D carbon nanostructure Ni3S2-CSs-X-Y derived catalysts were produced using different compositions at different temperatures (X = 0 mg, 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg, 0.6 mg, and 0.8 mg; Y = 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C) were prepared and applied for hydrogenolysis of lignin model compounds and depolymerization of alkaline lignin. The highest conversion of lignin model compounds (β-O-4 model compound) was up to 100% and the yield of the obtained corresponding ethylbenzene and phenol could achieve 92% and 86%, respectively, over the optimal Ni3S2-CSs-0.4-700 catalyst in iPrOH at 260 °C without external H2. The 2D carbon nanostructure catalysts performed a good dispersion on the surface of the carbon nanosheets, which facilitated the cleavage of the lignin ether bonds. The physicochemical characterization studies were carried out by means of XRD, SEM, TEM, H2-TPR, NH3-TPD, Raman and XPS analyses. Based on the optimal reaction conditions (260 °C, 4 h, 2.0 MPa N2), various model compounds (β-O-4, α-O-4 and 4-O-5 model compounds) could also be effectively hydrotreated to produce the corresponding aromatic products. Furthermore, the optimal Ni3S2-CSs-0.4-700 catalyst could be carried out in the next five consecutive cycle experiments with a slight decrease in the transformation of lignin model compounds.
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8
Stelgen Inkoua,Chao Li,Muhammad Rashid,Muhammad Mahboob Naeem,Shu Zhang,Wenran Gao,Mortaza Gholizadeh,Xun Hu
Spirulina platensis contains abundant nitrogen-containing organics, which might react with derivatives of cellulose/lignin during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), probably affecting yield, property of hydrochar , and pore development in activation of hydrochar. This was investigated herein by conducting co-HTC of spirulina platensis with cellulose, lignin, and sawdust at 260 °C and subsequent activation of the resulting hydrochars with K 2 C 2 O 4 at 800 °C. The results showed that cross-condensation of spirulina platensis-derived proteins with cellulose/lignin-derived ketones and phenolics did take place in the co-HTC, forming more π-conjugated heavier organics, retaining more nitrogen species in hydrochar, reducing yields of hydrochar, making the hydrochar more aromatic and increasing the thermal stability and resistivity towards activation. This enhanced the yield of activated carbon (AC) by 7 %–20 % and significantly increased specific surface area of the AC from activation of hydrochar of spirulina platensis + lignin to 2074.5 m 2 /g (859.3 m 2 /g from spirulina platensis only and 1170.1 m 2 /g from lignin only). Furthermore, more mesopores from activation of hydrochar of spirulina platensis + cellulose (47 %) and more micropores from activation of hydrochar of spirulina + sawdust (93 %) was generated. The AC from spirulina platensis + lignin with the developed pore structures generated sufficient sites for adsorption of tetracycline from aqueous phase and minimized steric hindrance for mass transfer with the abundant mesopores (43 %).
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Lirong Lu,Jiatian Zhu,Jingpeng Zhou,Xi Cheng,Baojie Liu,Chengrong Qin,Chen Liang,Caoxing Huang,Shuangquan Yao
Facing the urgent need for sustainable and functional food packaging, developing high-performance materials from natural polymers is crucial. Herein, we propose a green strategy inspired by crustacean exoskeletons to construct lignin–metal polyphenol networks (L-MPNs) via proton-based ionic liquid pretreatment and metal-ion coordination. This forms a stable 3D network utilizing lignin's phenolic hydroxyl groups, which significantly enhances antioxidant activity, achieves >99% UV shielding, and exhibits 92.5% DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Applied to paper packaging, Ferric-ion-coordinated lignin-metal polyphenol networks (FL-MPNs, 100 g/m 2 ) impart excellent barrier and antioxidant properties alongside maintained mechanical strength, cutting water vapor transmission by ∼40%. In freshness tests, they reduced mass loss to 3.52% and pH change to 0.17, effectively inhibiting food deterioration. Thus, FL-MPNs advance lignin valorization for next-generation sustainable smart packaging to ensure safer, more stable food preservation.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）