Communications Earth & Environment
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2026
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IF 9.3
Yang Ning,Wang Xiaofei,Wang Junfeng,Deng Junjun,Wei Zhenwei,Fu Pingqing
The high electric field at the microdroplet interface plays a crucial role in regulating aqueous aerosol chemistry. However, the impact of charge at the air-water interface on sulfur-containing aerosols remains unclear. Here we show, using various microdroplet systems, how interfacial reactions of sulfur-containing aerosols proceed under different charge conditions. Field observations were also conducted across multiple regions to characterize the molecular composition of aqueous sulfur-containing aerosols. In small negatively charged droplets, sulfite is spontaneously oxidized to sulfate, with an estimated rate comparable to reported rates of sulfite oxidation by common atmospheric oxidants. Meanwhile, sulfur radicals like sulfate radicals are generated, leading to the rapid formation of organosulfates. In large positively charged droplets, sulfate is spontaneously reduced to sulfite radicals and sulfite, promoting the formation of organosulfonates. These results provide key insights into how charge at the air–water interface affects sulfur aerosols and contribute to our understanding of air pollution.
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高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Liu Xu,Cao Miao,Jia Feiyue,Jia Hongbao,Li Zonglin,Guo Xueping,Zhang Junrong,Hua Weijie,Li Lina,Wu Qian,Zhao Hongying
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and their genes (ARGs) pose a significant risk to public health and the ecosystem. Conventional water disinfection efficiently eliminates pathogens, however, it requires intensive chemical consumption but inefficiently removes ARGs. Herein, we propose an on-demand electrochemical platform that simultaneously eliminate both ARB and ARGs with in-situ generated hydroxyl radicals (·OH) without additional chemical inputs. Single-atom copper catalysts with CuN 4 coordination structure (SA-CuN 4 /NC) are precisely tuned to directly convert oxygen into controllable ·OH via three-electron oxygen reduction reaction (3e⁻ ORR). Operando X-ray adsorption near-edge spectroscopy reveals a potential-driven self-reconstruction of single-atom Cu sites to optimize ·OH concentration. Specially, the preferentially adsorbed H + onto the adjacent N atoms promotes the breaking of Cu-N bonds to form stable Cu 2 -CuN 2 cluster as a genuine active site. As expected, the SA-CuN 4 /NC with moderate ·OH (~11.5 μM) exhibits ultra-fast degradation of E. coli HT115 , accomplishing an ~ 8 log removal within 1 min and a complete elimination of ARGs in 30 min. Excess ·OH (~47.9 μM) triggers bacterial aggregation which compromises bacterial inactivation. These findings demonstrate that 3e⁻ ORR is a sustainable and effective strategy to obtain fast and complete water disinfection, preventing environmental spread of ARGs.
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IONICS
·
2026
·
IF 3.4
Xie Shanshan,Chen Xiaotong,Li Xiaogang,Cheng Lanlan,Wu Rui,Li Jun,Wang Zongnan,Tu Huan,Xue Yutao,Yuan Aihua
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have emerged as promising candidates for next generation energy storage systems, benefiting from their high intrinsic safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benignity. However, practical applications of AZIBs are severely hindered by critical issues of poor reversibility, dendrite growth, interfacial corrosion, and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, trifluoroacetamide (TFA) is proposed to optimize the Zn²⁺ solvation configuration and stabilize the anode interface to suppress dendrite growth. In contrast to prior strategies relying on a single fluorine source (BF₄⁻or inert anions), this work uses BF₄⁻ and the -CF 3 group of TFA as dual fluorine sources for synergistic organic/inorganic interfacial regulation. ATR-FTIR, Raman, and NMR spectra show that TFA effectively modulates the Zn 2+ solvation structure, and XPS depth profiling confirms the formation of a dense hybrid SEI consisting of inorganic ZnF 2 (from BF₄⁻) and organic fluorides (from -CF 3 ). Comprehensive electrochemical and physical characterizations reveal that the 1 M Zn(BF₄)₂-5% TFA exhibits a minimum contact angle of 45°, which remarkably enhances the wettability Zn/electrolyte interface, enables uniform Zn deposition, and promotes stable three-dimensional diffusion kinetics. The Zn||Zn symmetric cell assembled with the same electrolyte delivers excellent long-cycle stability (≈ 360 h at 1 mA cm⁻² and 0.5 mAh cm⁻²) and high critical current density (12 mA cm⁻²). This work elucidates the pivotal role of TFA in modulating interfacial ion transport and Zn deposition behavior, furnishing a viable strategy for the construction of highly reversible zinc-based batteries.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
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IF 4.1
Gao Yuexing,Lang Yunhe,Shi Lei,Bai Ruiyang,Xu Yiping,Xie Yanmei,Huang Saiyan,Zhang Xiufeng
Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) as a biomarker plays a crucial role in studying cell redox homeostasis. Simultaneously, the abnormal behavior of viscosity in cells is often accompanied by changes in the level of related active substances. Thus, real-time monitoring of in situ changes in NADH and viscosity is of great importance. Based on the specific recognition of NADH by the quinoline group, we developed a dual-responsive probe molecule (I-EQ), which is sensitive to both NADH and viscosity. The probe exhibits high sensitivity toward NADH, with a detection limit of 0.027 µM, and also shows excellent response to viscosity. Additionally, its application in monitoring NADH and viscosity in living cells was successfully demonstrated. Given these characteristics, I-EQ is expected to serve as a valuable dual-channel response tool for NADH and viscosity, with promising application in biomedicine and early diagnosis of diseases. Graphical
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CANCER GENE THERAPY
·
2026
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IF 6.4
Ling Fengyu,Zhang Meibiao,Kuang Jia,Wu Shuai,Yang Zhao
This study aimed to investigate how the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis facilitates immune evasion in gastric cancer (GC) by enhancing cellular communication between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) using single-cell transcriptome sequencing. Single-cell RNA sequencing of tumor and normal gastric tissues in a murine GC model revealed an increased macrophage population in GC, characterized by predominantly M2-polarized TAMs. The study identified that the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis potentially triggers M2 macrophage polarization through mediating communication between CAFs and TAMs. In vitro experiments confirmed that CAFs induced M2 polarization through CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling. Inhibition of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis disrupted communication between M2 macrophages and T cells, which enhanced T cell activation. In vivo experiments showed that silencing CXCR4 reduced M2 macrophages and PD-L1 expression, leading to improved T cell proliferation, reduced immune evasion, and slower tumor growth. These findings highlight the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in driving immune evasion in GC by inducing M2 polarization and PD-L1-mediated T cell suppression, and indicate a promising therapeutic target for GC immunotherapy. Schematic Molecular Mechanism Illustrating CXCL12/CXCR4 Axis-Mediated Cellular Communication between CAFs and TAMs Promoting Gastric Cancer Immune Evasion.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
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IF 4.4
Zhang Han,Xu Chun,Xu Meng,Yuan Yan,Liu Jie,Dong Yanmao,Jiang Li
Self-healing anticorrosive coatings are essential for extending the lifespan of metallic materials in aggressive environments. This study presents a novel sandwich-structured coating composed of a polydopamine (PDA) inner layer, a ZIF-67 electroplated interlayer, and MXene/CNTs fillers incorporated into a waterborne acrylic epoxy (EA) matrix. The PDA layer enhances adhesion, while the ZIF-67 interlayer functions as an active inhibitor reservoir that responds to pH changes, releasing Co 2+ and 2-methylimidazole to promote defect repassivation and self-healing. The outer MXene/CNTs layer significantly improves barrier properties by forming a tortuous path for corrosive agents and enhancing interfacial stability. Compared with single-component coatings, the sandwich-structured composite coating exhibited markedly enhanced corrosion resistance in harsh acidic environment, with an obvious increase in corrosion potential. Moreover, a high R ct value of 1.79 × 10 5 Ω cm 2 was maintained by this coating even after 30 days of service, evidencing its durable protection. Under scratched conditions, the coating exhibits efficient self-healing, recovering its impedance and repassivating defects. This work demonstrates the synergistic benefits of the PDA/ZIF-67/MXene system, offering an effective solution for long-term corrosion protection with self-healing properties, suitable for various engineering applications.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 2.8
Zhang Fan,Zhang Jinshun,Li Xu,Wang Qingji
Polyaniline (PANI) is regarded as a prospective sensing material for room-temperature NH 3 detection owing to its high sensitivity and selectivity. In this study, WO 3 nanoflowers were prepared via a simple chemical bath deposition method, and PANI/WO 3 heterojunctions were subsequently fabricated through an in situ polymerization process. To evaluate the contribution of the heterojunction to gas-sensing performance, four sensors with different composite ratios were constructed. Among them, the optimized PW1-2 sensor exhibits a response of 3.8–100 ppm NH 3 at room temperature, which is 1.6 times higher than that of pure PANI. Notably, it achieves an ultrafast response time of only 26 s, representing an 8.8-fold improvement over pure PANI (230 s), along with near-complete desorption capability. Furthermore, PW1-2 demonstrates excellent humidity resistance, with stable responses ranging from 3.7 to 3.97 under 40–80% relative humidity. Comprehensive characterization by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy TEM, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis reveals that PANI nanofibers uniformly wrap around WO 3 nanoflowers, forming p–n heterojunctions at the interface. XPS analysis shows that PW1-2 possesses the highest protonation degree (51.88%), which correlates with its superior sensing performance. Unlike conventional PANI/WO 3 composites, the enhanced performance is not primarily attributed to specific surface area or porosity but rather to the synergistic effect of morphological characteristics and heterojunction formation. Compared with previously reported PANI/WO 3 sensors, our PW1-2 sensor offers significantly faster response, better humidity tolerance, and complete desorption. This work provides a promising strategy for designing high-performance, humidity-resistant room-temperature NH 3 sensors. Graphical
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JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 3.4
Shadmani S.,Khodaei M.,Yang R.,Chen X.,Li H.
This research engineers a high-performance superhydrophobic composite system by synergizing an Al arc-sprayed bond coat with a nanostructured CeO 2 topcoat deposited via solution precursor plasma spraying (SPPS). The objective was to utilize the intrinsic micro-roughness of the arc-sprayed layer to stabilize a Cassie–Baxter wetting state without organic modifiers. Optimization of the SPPS process identified the critical parameters for achieving a hierarchical topography: a standoff distance of 7 cm, a liquid feed rate of 42 rpm, a transverse speed of 500 mm/s, and a total of 4 spray passes. This optimized protocol leveraged the “shadowing effect” of the Al bond coat (Ra ~ 13µm), resulting in a 90% reduction in the required spray passes compared to conventional coatings on smooth substrates. Microstructural analysis confirmed the formation of a phase-pure CeO 2 topcoat with a refined crystallite size of 81 nm. The resulting hierarchical architecture yielded a water contact angle of 151° and a contact angle hysteresis of 2°. Mathematical modeling via the Cassie–Baxter equation quantified a liquid–solid contact area fraction of 0.04, indicating that 96% of the droplet base was supported by trapped air pockets. Electrochemical performance evaluated via potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy after 96 hours of immersion in 3.5 wt.% NaCl demonstrated superior durability. The Al-CeO 2 composite exhibited a 128% increase in corrosion resistance and a 50.5% reduction in the corrosion rate compared to the bare Al bond coat. While the single-layer benchmark system experienced a 95.5% reduction in coating resistance due to electrolyte infiltration, the optimized Al-composite restricted degradation to 40%. Surface chemistry analysis via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the transition to superhydrophobicity is governed by the spontaneous adsorption of airborne volatile organic compounds, ensuring chemical stability up to 450°C. These results establish a robust, industrially scalable manufacturing route for protective coatings in aggressive marine environments.
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JOM
·
2026
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IF 2.3
Jiang Cheng,Li Rui,Li Jing,Zhang Te
Chloride ions in zinc smelting accelerate electrode deterioration and corrosion of equipment, reducing the quality of zinc products. Conventional dechlorination technologies for copper slag pose significant challenges, including inefficient mass transfer due to solid-film barriers, limited reactivity due to the low activity of copper slag, and prolonged processing times. This paper proposes an ultrasonic-enhanced reduction deep-dechlorination technology based on rapid chemical reactions, establishing a liquid-phase mass transfer to completely break through the solid film barrier. The optimized parameters obtained for this technology are initial reaction solution pH 3.6, Cu 2+ :Cl⁻:H 2 A molar ratio = 1.5:1:0.75 reaction temperature is 20℃ (room temperature), ultrasonic power density of 26.7 W/L, reaction time of 3 min, achieving a 96.5% reduction in chloride ions, and fast decreasing from 1 g/L to 0.0353 g/L. As revealed by thermodynamic calculations, compared with the current dechlorination process for copper slag, this method improves reaction kinetics by 18.6%, reduces the thermodynamic potential by 59.3%, and increases the equilibrium constant by a factor of 6.7 × 10 9 . Dynamics calculations show that the calculated energy threshold (E a ) of the reaction in the ultrasound addition experiment is 37.82 kJ/mol. Ultrasound incorporation reduces the activation energy by 24.6%, accelerating the reaction and improving dechlorination efficiency.
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ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Li Ju-fei,Wang Hao,Kang Ling,Xu Cheng-cheng,Liu Yuan-chun,Li Zi-xuan,Lin Shao-hao,Wang Ming-zhi,Xu Xiao-min,Wang Pei-pei,Yin Wan-chao,Zhou Yu-bo,Zhou Yu,Li Jia
Metabolic hijacking of tryptophan (Trp) via the IL4I1-AHR axis is a pivotal immune evasion mechanism in cancers, yet therapeutic strategies to disrupt this pathway remain unexplored. Here, we report the identification of ZY-MY-111, a selective small-molecule inhibitor of interleukin-4-induced-1 (IL4I1), through an in-house compound library screening and structural optimization. ZY-MY-111 exhibits potency (IC 50 = 1.86 ± 0.13 μM) in blocking IL4I1-mediated oxidative deamination. Mechanistically, ZY-MY-111 acts as a mixed-type inhibitor, competitively occupying the catalytic pocket of IL4I1 and disrupting Trp-AHR signaling in cells. Functionally, ZY-MY-111 promotes T cell proliferation, enhancing immune responses against the tumor cells. In syngeneic tumor models, ZY-MY-111 achieved 49% tumor growth inhibition in CT26 colon carcinoma ( P < 0.001) and 56% tumor growth inhibition in A20 lymphoma ( P < 0.001) by remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment: increasing CD8 + /CD4 + T cell ratios, reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs, 59% decrease), and enhancing effector memory T cell infiltration. Our findings position IL4I1 inhibition as a potential strategy to restore anti-tumor immunity.
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PubMed
高影响因子
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
·
2026
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IF 3.1
Afridi Muhammad Naveed,Adil Sawaira,Fatima Rida,Khan Fazal Maula,Ali Imran,Mir Irshad Ahmad,Miao Baoji,Lee Kang Hoon
Heavy metal contamination in industrial wastewater remains a critical global environmental concern. In this study, an Al/Mg/Zr-MOF (AMZ-MOF) was synthesized via a solvothermal method and systematically evaluated for Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solutions. Comparative analysis demonstrated that AMZ-MOF exhibited superior Cr (VI) removal efficiency relative to pristine Zr-MOF, Mg/Zr-MOF, and Al/Zr-MOF. The synthesized AMZ-MOF composite was subjected to comprehensive characterization using FESEM, TEM, XRD, BET, FTIR, and XPS analyses. The study systematically investigated the influence of key operational parameters, including contact time, temperature, pH, and initial Cr (VI) concentration, on the composite’s sorption behavior. AMZ-MOF demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving a maximum Cr (VI) sorption capacity of 185.2 mg/g. Remarkably, the sorbent exhibited rapid initial uptake kinetics, reaching adsorption equilibrium within 120 min. Mechanistic insight was gained through adsorption isotherm and kinetic modeling, revealing that the process is best described by the Langmuir isotherm and the Pseudo-Second-Order kinetic model, suggesting monolayer adsorption onto a heterogeneous surface and chemisorption as the rate-limiting step, respectively. Further FTIR and XPS analyses corroborated the proposed sorption mechanism, clarifying the key functional groups and surface interactions involved in Cr (VI) removal. The proposed adsorbent demonstrated excellent reusability over five adsorption–desorption cycles, underscoring its stability and practical potential for Cr (VI) remediation.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2026
·Vol. 37
·期 14
·1093
·
IF 3.2
Ren Peifeng,Gao Xingchen,Fan Wenhao,Zhang Qiang,Chen Shaoping,Fan Jianfeng
Elemental doping plays a crucial role in optimizing carrier concentration and suppressing lattice thermal conductivity in thermoelectric materials. In this study, Cu atoms were doped in both n- and p-type Mg 3 Sb 2 -based thermoelectric compounds. The results indicate that the incorporation of Cu effectively improves the electrical transport properties of Mg 3 Sb 2 -based thermoelectric compounds while simultaneously suppressing their thermal transport, ultimately achieving enhanced thermoelectric properties: (a) For p-type Mg 3 Sb 2 , a small quantity of Cu atoms provides electrons in the lattice interstitial and thus compensates holes, leading to a decreased carrier concentration and electrical conductivity. However, with increasing Cu content, Cu atoms preferentially occupy Mg2 sites, thereby increasing hole concentration, and thus improving electrical conductivity. Further increasing Cu content, an MgCuSb secondary phase forms, which is unfavorable for overall p-type thermoelectric performance of the Mg 3 Sb 2 -based matrix due to the n-type transport of the MgCuSb compound. (b) For n-type Mg 3 Sb 2 , no such secondary phase was observed despite the same Cu-doping content, which involves a distinct doping mechanism from the p-type one. Consequently, the zT values of p-type Mg 3 Sb 2 materials are improved by 17%–33% over the whole temperature range. And regarding the n-type Mg 3 Sb 2 materials, the highest peak zT value of ~1.4 and average zT avg of ~1.04 are achieved. Therefore, the doping of the Cu element proves to be an effective way in optimizing thermoelectric properties of both p-type and n-type Mg 3 Sb 2 -based materials.
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