ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
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IF 8.3
Wei Huang,Ling Ding,Dianhui Wang,Ping Cai,Jing Wang,Ruixiang Gao,Haiqing Hu,Yashuai Ye,Chengwen Huang,Xiaogang Xue,Hongliang Peng,Lixian Sun
An appropriate electron transport layer (ETL) or cathode buffer layer (CBL) is critical for high-performance perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). In this work, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH)-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene (TBAOH-Ti3C2Tx) is developed to improve the photovoltaic performance of PVSCs. TBAOH-Ti3C2Tx is synthesized by HF etching and then TBAOH intercalation, and TBAOH can effectively attach to the Ti3C2Tx surface during the intercalation process. In hole transport material (HTM)-free carbon-based PVSCs with the structure of ITO/ETL/MAPbI3/carbon, the SnO2 doped by TBAOH-Ti3C2Tx (SnO2:TBAOH-Ti3C2Tx) as ETL shows decreased WF and increased conductivity and improves the growth of the perovskite film with a larger grain and significantly reduced defects, which synergistically facilitate charge transport and extraction and reduce charge recombination. The HTM-free carbon-based PVSC with SnO2:TBAOH-Ti3C2Tx ETL exhibits a significantly higher PCE of 14.93% with enhanced device stability compared to the control device with pristine SnO2 ETL (11.95%) and also outperforms most of the HTM-free carbon-based PVSCs with MAPbI3 perovskite reported so far. In traditional inverted PVSCs with the structure of ITO/PTAA/MAPbI3/PCBM/CBL/Ag, the TBAOH-Ti3C2Tx is utilized as a CBL to significantly enhance device performance with a high PCE of 21.16%, which is obviously superior than that (16.26%) of the control device without CBL. The impressive results indicate that tetrabutylammonium hydroxide-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene possesses great application potential in different functional layers for high-performance PVSCs.
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MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
·
2025
·
IF 5.7
Wei Wan,Jie Zhou,Yan Li,Jiamin Xiao,Junrong Luo,Yuqian Yang,Lei Yu,Yuejun Ouyang
Flexible dielectrics with exceptional dielectric properties are highly desirable for various electronic applications. In this study, we successfully fabricated CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 (CCTO)/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene/millable polyurethane (MPU) ternary composite films via a combination of mixing and hot compression techniques. The incorporation of 2D Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets at a mass fraction of 4 % significantly enhanced the dielectric properties of the composite films. Specifically, the dielectric constant at 100 Hz increased to 41.1, representing a 14.48 % improvement over the initial CCTO/MPU composite. Meanwhile, the dielectric loss remained low at 0.050, with only a marginal increase of 2.04 %. Additionally, the breakdown strength of the composite films was notably boosted to 19.15 kV/mm, demonstrating a 15.3 % enhancement. These findings highlight the substantial improvement in the dielectric performance of the CCTO/Ti 3 C 2 T x /MPU ternary composite films, showcasing their potential for high-performance electronic applications.
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Materials Today Nano
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Pingan Chen,Sizeng Hong,Xiangcheng Li,Yingli Zhu,Fu Chen,Mengke Qiao
Carbon nanofibers can be widely used in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption due to corrosion resistance, low density and good chemical stability. Here, we report a strategy to achieve strong microwave absorption capability by adjusting the crystallinity of carbon nanofibers containing Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 . TiO 2 with Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene as a precursor decreases the crystallization temperature of Al 2 O 3 from 1400 °C to 800 °C in the carbon nanofibers. The diameter distribution of carbon nanofibers is uniform, though the surface of carbon nanofibers is getting rough with Ti 3 C 2 T x content increasing. The minimum reflection loss of carbon nanofibers is -55.78 dB at a thickness of 4.32 mm; the effective absorption bandwidth reaches 5.41 GHz (12.59-18 GHz) at a thickness of 1.67 mm, almost covering the Ku band. The excellent microwave absorption performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the non-crystalline carbon matrix and crystalline Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 , in which the former improves impedance matching with free space, while the latter enhances the attenuation capability to the electromagnetic wave.
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Small
·
2025
·
IF 12.1
Ilya Korolev,Anna Bondar,Arina Pavlova,Ksenia Maleeva,Valentina Minisheva,Grigory Ovinov,Ekateriva V. Skorb,Evgeny Smirnov
Portable electrochemical sensors are essential for real-time ion detection in environmental and clinical analysis, with ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) serving as a key platform due to their reliance on polymer membranes (ISMs) and conductive materials for selective recognition. This study compares traditional carbon fiber ISEs (CF-ISEs) with MXene-based alternatives. CF-ISEs use Ag/AgCl with polyelectrolyte transducers (PSS/PEI), while MXene-modified CF-ISEs (MXCF-ISEs) replace polyelectrolytes with MXene to enhance sensitivity. 1) MXene-only electrodes (no additional layers) are fabricated on glass and 2) screen-printed MXene ISEs (SPMXEs) are fabricated on flexible substrates (PVC) for Ca 2 ⁺-ions sensing. All designs are tested in complex media like milk, sparkling and seawater, demonstrating robust performance. MXene's high conductivity and compatibility with printing techniques enable cost-effective sensors without sacrificing accuracy, even without complex modifications. These results highlight MXene's potential to replace conventional materials in next-generation portable sensors, particularly for point-of-care diagnostics and environmental monitoring, where flexibility, sensitivity, and low-cost production are critical.
研究领域:
电分析化学
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传感器与生物传感器
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材料科学
·
环境监测
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即时检测
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纳米材料
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柔性电子学
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Yongjin Tang,Jin Huang,Wei Xiao,Yang Li,Shuoqing Yan,Jun He
Layered MXene-based magnetoelectric composites have been extensively investigated and applied as microwave absorbing (MA) materials. Although multicomponent composite strategies have been proven to significantly improve the MA performance of materials, the fine structural design and optimization of the functional synergy of absorbers at intricate environments remain scientific issues worthy of further exploration. In this study, FeCo@C/Ti3C2Tx MXene composites were synthesized through a combination of chemical vapor deposition and electrostatic self-assembly techniques. The core–shell structure of ultrafine FeCo@C nanoparticles, with an average diameter of 13.51 nm, has effectively mitigated the adverse effects of harsh environmental conditions due to chemical stability of the carbon layer. Furthermore, the integration of ultrafine FeCo@C nanoparticles with a low filler loading contributed to the overall lightweight characteristic. Notably, the FeCo@C/Ti3C2Tx MXene composites with a 20 wt % filling ratio exhibit a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −31.6 dB at 1.7 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.76 GHz at 2.4 mm. The corresponding absorbing coating achieves a maximum reduction in the radar cross-section of 18.86 dBm2. The FeCo@C/Ti3C2Tx MXene composites exhibit the potential for applications in challenging environments, including high-temperature and humid conditions.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米复合材料
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电磁功能材料
·
微波吸收
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Jingyu Song,Wentao Xu,Jinlin Li,Yongqian Shen,Yingying Shen,Rong Wang,Xueyan Du
A significant challenge metal nanoparticles (NPs) used for electromagnetic wave (EMW) is the precise regulation of the interplay between dielectric and magnetic losses through multi-scale interface engineering, as well as achieving a wide broadband for absorbing materials. In this study, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene/Ni composites were successfully synthesized in situ via a simple and mild solvothermal method. The influence of the size of Ni NPs on the EMW absorption performance was investigated. The results demonstrate that the size of Ni NPs could be regulated by varying the Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene content, resulting in a synergistic balance between dielectric and magnetic losses, significantly improving wideband impedance matching (3.00–12.80 GHz). The Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene/Ni composites achieved a minimum reflection loss (RL m ᵢ n ) of −50.70 dB at 3.76 GHz, with an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.20 GHz. Characterization results reveal that size-dependent permeability dispersion and dielectric relaxation behavior synergistically optimize both impedance matching and loss mechanisms. This study provides a novel design strategy for enhancing the electromagnetic attenuation performance of MXene-based composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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电磁功能材料
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微波吸收
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Wenlong Luo,Qianwen Liu,Baozhong Zhang,Jie Li,Ruidong Li,Tingxi Li,Zhiqiang Sun,Yong Ma
MXene nanosheets are susceptible to self-accumulation during operation, which significantly hampers their application. However, this issue can be effectively addressed through the introduction of intercalation materials. In this study, an MXene/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (MGC) film is prepared using vacuum-assisted filtration. CNTs and rGO nanosheets, as intercalation materials, play a crucial role in forming a stable interlayer structure with MXene nanosheets, resulting in an expansion of the MXene layer spacing and the creation of multi-directional stable ion transport channels. Consequently, a larger number of ion-accessible active sites are exposed. The prepared MGC film exhibits an impressive specific capacitance of 463.5F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 . Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) assembled with the MGC film as the negative electrode and MnO 2 as the positive electrode demonstrates a large voltage window of 1.7 V, a high energy density of 33.95 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 814.8 W kg −1 , and an outstanding capacitance retention rate of 92.9% after 8000 cycles at 3 A g −1 . The optimization strategy for MGC electrodes not only showcases the feasibility of MXene development but also provides crucial technical support for the application of MXene in the emerging generation of portable and flexible wearable energy storage devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Xinyu Jia,Ruihao Wang,Qian Li,Xiyan Sun,Shuxian Li,Li Wei,Yu Tian,Jiangdong Xiang,Xitong Sun
In this work, a multifunctional adsorbent based on zwitterion modified Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene (MPI) was synthesized by surface grafting polymerization, followed by modification with polyethylenimine and sodium chloroacetate. This adsorbent exhibited a high density of functional groups, switchable surface charge characteristics and plenty of active sites of iminoacetic acid chelating groups. Subsequently, methylene blue, congo red, Pb(II), and Cr(VI) were selected as model compounds for cationic/anionic dyes and heavy metal ions to estimate the adsorption performance. The material exhibited exceptional adsorption capacities, and the maximum adsorption capacities were determined as 479.8 mg/g for methylene blue, 481.9 mg/g for congo red, 300.6 mg/g for Pb(II) and 265.9 mg/g for Cr(VI), respectively. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 10–120 min and the adsorbent showcased excellent removal efficiency. Moreover, the adsorbent demonstrated excellent reusability，with no significant changes after ten consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Mechanism studies revealed that electrostatic attraction and chelation played dominant roles in the adsorption process. These results suggest that MPI possesses advantages of simple preparation, multifunctional integration, high adsorption performance, and good stability, making it a promising universal adsorbent for the removal of both dyes and heavy metal ions from wastewater.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Haitao Zhang,Hanyu He,Yongxiang Huang,Shi Pu,Yanting Xie,Junfeng Huang,Xinling Jiang,Yongbin Wang,Shenglong Wang,Hongzhi Peng,Yuanxiao Qu,Weiqing Yang
As a recent rising star 2D material, MXenes have attracted great attention in many fields. However, the weak interaction induced self-stacking phenomenon and surface oxidation caused structure failure seriously hinder the practical application of MXenes. Herein we develop a biothermochemistry method to construct 3D crosslinked Ti 3 C 2 T x (3D-MX). This novel structured 3D-MX can be prepared in five different kinds of biological reagents, showing good university. After crosslinking, 3D-MX not only resists layer stacking but also exhibits extreme on-shelf stability up to 550 days. We reveal that the formation mechanism originates from the electrostatic/chemical interaction between surface functional groups and the crosslinking agents. Interestingly, the biothermochemical treated Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes exhibit an extremely-rapid film-processed capability (only 3 min), addressing the long-standing issue of low-efficient and tedious solution-vacuum filtrated 2D films. To further verify its practical application, we assemble 3D-MX based supercapacitors that show a high specific capacitance of 265 Fg −1 at 1 A g −1 , and moreover, no supercapacitance attenuation within 720 h. This proposed biothermochemistry method to simply and rapidly build 3D Ti 3 C 2 T x crosslinked network provides a new perspective to promote the practical application of MXenes through simultaneously addressing their self-stacking and oxidative degradation issues.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Junhao Lu,Jun Wang,Yaojin Duan,Lan Ma,Dongfeng Zhai,Ihar Razanau,Kunming Pan,Yaru Li,Saifei Pan
Designing transition metal phosphides (TMPs) with remarkable performance and high stability for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a significant role in the commercial application of water splitting. Bimetallic phosphide (NiCoP) exhibits favorable electrocatalytic activity; however, it still suffers from intrinsic limitations such as insufficient intrinsic activity, inferior electrical conductivity, and a tendency toward particle agglomeration. To address these issues, a CeO 2 modified NiCoP particle catalyst (referred to as CeO 2 -NiCoP/Ti 3 C 2 T x ) loaded on a few layers of Ti 3 C 2 Tx MXene was synthesized using an HCl/LiF etching and hydrothermal phosphorization method. The CeO 2 -NiCoP/Ti 3 C 2 T x catalyst exhibits significantly lower overpotentials (287 mV for OER and 147 mV for HER) to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm −2 . Moreover, the catalyst demonstrates outstanding durability, with 93.6% and 84.6% retention of its activity after 27 h of OER and 25 h of HER, respectively.The favorable performance of CeO 2 -NiCoP/Ti 3 C 2 T x in HER and OER can be attributed to several advantages. Few-layer Ti 3 C 2 T x enhances the electrical conductivity of the material, and its large specific surface area prevents particle agglomeration, thus improving the material stability.The -O/-OH functional groups on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 T x endow the material with strong hydrophilicity, which facilitates the full contact between active sites and the electrolyte and accelerates the mass transfer and charge transfer kinetics. CeO 2 effectively optimizes the adsorption energy of NiCoP toward hydrogen intermediates by regulating the microelectronic structure of NiCoP, thereby boosting the HER kinetics.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Yu Zeng,Lu Tang,Fangfang Guo
Fluorosilicone rubber (FSR) has emerged as a promising matrix for actuator composites, while the trade-off between dielectric performance and mechanical robustness restricts its practical applications. Herein, we report a series of FSR/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene composites modified with nano-sized BaTiO 3 (nBT) and micro-sized BaTiO 3 (μBT) to investigate the size-dependent effects of BaTiO 3 on composite performance. Owing to the coordination effect between MXene and BaTiO 3 , uniform dispersion of fillers was achieved, and the composites exhibited thermal stability exceeding 400°C. The FSR/MXene composite with 8 phr (parts per hundred rubber) nBT showed a tensile strength of 486 kPa, elongation at break of 194%, and elastic modulus of 356 kPa, superior to the μBT-modified composite. It also possessed a higher dielectric constant (12.85 at 10 3 Hz) and lower dielectric loss (0.00522) than μBT-modified counterparts, attributed to stronger interfacial polarization and less particle agglomeration. Notably, an actuated strain of 19.58% at 45 kV mm −1 was achieved, 35.7% higher than the μBT-modified composite. This work reveals that BaTiO 3 particle size significantly regulates the synergistic interaction between ceramic particles and conductive MXene, providing a feasible strategy for designing high-performance FSR-based composites toward soft actuator and sensor applications.
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Polymers
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 17
·2078
·
IF 5.8
Liqun He,Wan Zhang,Jianji Wang,Jianxiao Bian
Polylactic acid (PLA) is derived from renewable resources and can be composted under controlled industrial conditions, but its flammability and brittleness limit wider use. This study combined Ti3C2TxMXene with surface terminations and an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system based on ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol (4:1,w/w). A styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) elastomer was then added to improve toughness. At a total flame retardant loading of 10 wt%, PLA/8.5IFR/1.5MXene reached a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 30.32% and a UL-94 V-0 rating without dripping. Compared with PLA/10IFR, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) decreased by 18.6% and 28.8%, respectively, and the residue at 600 °C increased from 5.88 to 6.75 wt%. The composite containing MXene formed a denser char and showed a slightly lower Raman D/G intensity ratio. Adding 10 wt% SBS increased notched impact strength by 48% for PLA/IFR and 31% for PLA/IFR/MXene, but reduced tensile strength and modulus. MXene therefore improved the barrier in the condensed phase at a lower IFR content, while SBS partly recovered toughness.
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