POLYMER BULLETIN
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2026
·Vol. 83
·期 6
·333
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IF 4.2
Ewais Hassan A.,Abdel-Salam Ahmed H.,Morsy Ashraf
The improper disposal of waste cooking oil (WCO) poses a significant environmental challenge, despite its potential as a renewable feedstock for value-added products. In this study, WCO was chemically converted into an eco-friendly plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) through an epoxidation process catalyzed by nano-graphene oxide synthesized from citric acid. The successful epoxidation was confirmed by the appearance of characteristic epoxy absorption bands at 820–880 cm −1 in the FTIR spectra, as well as by improved thermal stability and glass transition behavior compared to raw WCO. The epoxidized WCO-based plasticizer was incorporated into PVC formulations and benchmarked against conventional di-octyl phthalate (DOP). Thermal and structural properties of the resulting films were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimized formulations (P1 and P4) demonstrated enhanced thermal stability, reduced crystallinity, improved miscibility, and better color retention under thermal aging. Furthermore, preliminary migration and solvent resistance tests indicated favorable durability of the plasticized films. These results confirm that nano-graphene-oxide-assisted epoxidized WCO is a promising sustainable alternative to traditional phthalate plasticizers.
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NATURE
·
2026
·Vol. 652
·期 8108
·89-95
·
IF 56.1
Han Yu,Yu Jiafeng,Wei Jian,Fang Chuanyan,Han Jianxiang,Sun Yannan,Chen Huaican,Yin Wen,Tan Li,Wang Ning,Ge Qingjie,Sun Jian
Light olefins—ethylene, propylene and butylene (C 2 = –C 4 = )—are essential building blocks in the chemicals industry and are traditionally produced by thermal or catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feedstocks. Directly converting syngas (CO and H 2 ) into light olefins under mild conditions is attractive but challenging 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 . Prismatic cobalt carbide (Co 2 C) and associated hydrophobic modifications have shown potential for selective light-olefin synthesis under mild conditions 5 , 6 . Here we show another hydrophilic-promotion strategy in which a set of hydroxy promoters, exemplified by hydroxyapatite (Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH), HAP), fumed silica (SiO 2 (F)) and amorphous boehmite (AlO(OH), AB), is physically mixed with a Co 2 MnO 4 precursor, inducing synergistic cobalt–manganese (Co–Mn) oxides and Co 2 C for syngas conversion. The induced anorthic Co–Mn oxides may serve as active phase for adsorbed-hydrogen-assisted CO dissociation to CH x /CH x O intermediates, whereas induced Co 2 C or the Co 2 C–oxide interface may mediate C–C coupling of these intermediates to form light olefins. This design achieved 70–82% CO conversion with light-olefins selectivity of more than 60% at 250–260 °C, 0.1 MPa with H 2 /CO ratios of 1–2, giving light-olefins carbon utilization efficiency up to 13%, among the highest reported for syngas to light olefins. This simple hydrophilic strategy for facilitating CO activation may provide useful insights for improving industrial Fischer–Tropsch processes.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Liu Suo,Wu Ning,DU Doudou,Liu Ce,An Da,Chen Li
In this paper, an ultra-thin and wear-resistant protective membrane is employed to reduce wear damage to Si 3 N 4 fiber during the weaving process. Specifically, the polyurethane/polyvinylidene fluoride (PU/ PVDF) nanofiber membrane with a three-dimensional structure was first wrapped on Si 3 N 4 fiber using the electrostatic spinning method, followed by improving the interfacial bonding between the nanofibers to form a wear-resistant layer by the cross-linking method. The results show that the electrospinning technique can be used to uniformly and continuously wrap the PU/PVDF nanofiber membrane on Si 3 N 4 fiber, and the hydroxy acrylic resin (HAR) can form a cross-linking structure between the PU/PVDF nanofiber membrane to improve its mechanical properties. The protective membrane with a different cross-linking degree could be reasonably controlled to ensure that it provides excellent protection for the Si 3 N 4 fiber during friction. When the cross-linking time was 6s, the protective membrane wrapped on the Si 3 N 4 fiber had the lowest friction COF (0.022) and excellent wear-resistant capability (578 friction cycles), with a 2.1% weight gain rate, and the yarn retained more than 98.1% of its breaking strength after 500 friction cycles. This study offers a new approach for preparing protective membranes for Si 3 N 4 fiber weaving protection.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
He Rui,Peng Haiyang,Wu Junnan,Liu Yinjie,Liang Qidong,Zhu Bin,Li Xiaodan,Zeng Leiying,Zhuang Shuxin
Lithium-rich manganese-based oxide (LMR) has emerged as one of the most promising cathode material candidates for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries owing to its exceptional theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, its poor cycling stability and discharge voltage decay severely impede its practical commercialization. Herein, an ascorbic acid-mediated modification strategy was proposed to enable the construction of a carbon coating on the LMR surface. Based on theoretical and experimental analyses, the carbon coating not only could effectively suppress undesirable interfacial side reactions but also enhance electron transport kinetics so as to ameliorate discharge voltage decay and cycling stability. The optimized LMR (LMR-0.5) exhibited a high specific capacity of 269.1 mAh/g at 0.1 C (1 C defined as 300 mA/g) along with the initial Coulombic efficiency of 83.02%. After modification, the rate performance was significantly elevated and the LMR-0.5 maintained an impressive capacity retention of 91.7% after 500 cycles at 0.1 C, outperforming 78% of the unmodified LMR. This study clarified the introduced oxygen vacancies and the carbon coating layer in improving the electrochemical performance, providing valuable insights for advancing their development toward practical application in high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 24
·期 1
·256
·
IF 15
Zhang Jingjing,Zhang Yanni,Lu Xiao,Han Jiaqi,Wang Luquan,He Yubin,Jin Siyao,Li Yana,Ma Xiangyu,Bing Hao,Mei Dong,Zhao Libo
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by destruction of the intestinal barrier, dysregulation of mucosal immunity, and imbalance of the gut microbiota homeostasis. Conventional immunosuppressants such as azathioprine (AZA), commonly used in the treatment of IBD, can partially alleviate symptoms but fail to restore normal barrier and immune functions, while exhibiting non-negligible adverse effects. Here, we report an AZA-loaded microbiota-modulating and colon-targeted nanoparticle constructed from pectin, Zein, and Eudragit ® S100 (APZE). Results APZE could effectively encapsulate AZA and enhance its cellular and intestinal uptake, thereby improving oral bioavailability in rats compared to AZA suspension. Additionally, its colon targeting ability and mucoadhesive properties prolonged colonic retention, leading to higher colonic accumulation, as indicated by the AUC of colon fluorescence intensity in rats after oral administration of the DiR-labeled formulation. Animal studies demonstrated that APZE significantly reduced inflammation in IBD mice, repaired the intestinal barrier, modulated the gut microbiota, and upregulated short-chain fatty acid levels, exhibiting significant therapeutic efficacy with good safety. The protective effect of APZE against colitis is largely microbiota-dependent. When co-administered with commercially available Bifidobacterium , APZE attenuated colitis effectively, demonstrating excellent therapeutic effects and favorable safety. Conclusions In summary, our findings indicate that APZE and Bifidobacterium improved intestinal barrier repair and colitis-related outcomes in a DSS-induced model, supporting their potential as therapeutic agents for IBD. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE
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2026
·
IF 4.7
Jingsheng Hua,Bo Ning,Hongxin Zhang
The lack of tumor targeting ability and the failure of single therapeutic approaches are two challenges in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Mesoporous silica (MS) nanoparticles of two sizes (MS50 and MS100) were fabricated and functionalized with polydopamine (PD), cercosporin (CE), and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide (RP) for the dual purposes of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) aimed at integrin αvβ3 in pancreatic cancer. MS@PD-RP-CE were examined using several approaches, exhibiting selective drug release, enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under laser irradiation. MS100@PD-RP-CE exhibited enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer (PANC-1) in vitro, while selectively targeting pancreatic cancer cells over normal cells, in comparison to MS50@PD-RP-CE. The mechanism of cell death was analyzed utilizing Calcein-AM/PI, and nuclear staining techniques. MS100@PD-RP-CE demonstrated considerable biocompatibility, as shown by the hemolytic assay. Thus, MS100@PD-RP-CE demonstrates significant promise for the prospective treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 15
Cai Ming,Liu Zhao,Sun Xun,Liao Ziming,Gou Yu,Yang Xuan,Qi Ying,Xing Guosheng,Liu Tingting,Zhao Wenjun,Duan Xiaoyuan,Zhang Tao,Yao Bin,Xu Weiguo
Chronic diabetic wounds are often complicated by persistent infections and oxidative stress, which impede effective healing. In this study, we developed an injectable, dual-responsive nanocomposite hydrogel designed to simultaneously scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and deliver photothermal and photodynamic therapy for wound treatment. The hydrogel was synthesized via dynamic boronate-ester crosslinking of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with a bis-boronic acid linker (TSPBA), enabling efficient ROS quenching. Incorporation of palygorskite/molybdenum disulfide (PGS/MoS₂) nanocomposites imparted photothermal and photodynamic properties, activated by NIR light. In vitro tests demonstrated that the PVA-TSPBA@PGS/MoS₂ hydrogel effectively scavenged ROS, induced mild hyperthermia (~ 48 °C) under NIR, and exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In vivo, the hydrogel accelerated wound closure in a diabetic mouse model, with a 46.7% residual area at day 7, compared to higher residual areas in control groups (66.5–92.4%). By day 14, nearly complete wound healing was achieved, accompanied by reduced bacterial load and inflammatory markers, as well as enhanced re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen remodeling. These findings suggest that this multifunctional hydrogel represents a promising strategy for the treatment of infected diabetic wounds, offering a controlled, localized approach to wound healing. Graphical
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npj Flexible Electronics
·
2026
·
IF 15.4
Yao Heng,Jiao Yuze,Xia Zhaoyue,Lin Huang,Cui Yuanjing,Yang Hui,Zhang Qilong
Conventional robotics face fundamental trade-offs among energy-autonomy, actuation efficiency, and manufacturing simplicity. Here, we break this dilemma through a universal material design strategy of “bioinspired asymmetric engineering”. This concept is materialized through a one-step, scalable coordination of metal-organic framework UIO-66(Hf) with a piezoelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), yielding a hierarchical hemispherical-pore composite that achieves record piezoelectricity ( d 33 = 46.7 ± 0.4 pC/N), and generating considerable piezoelectric outputs (open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) = 32.0 V, short-circuit current ( I sc ) = 2.2 μA, Power density (PD) = 10.9 μW cm −2 ). The same asymmetry principle enables a Janus actuator, where programmed elastic modulus gradation and porous ion channels co-produce ultrafast response (0.8 ms) and large bending (18.0 mm). Crucially, we first demonstrate the strategy’s versatility by integrating these components into a closed-loop, and self-powered robotic system capable of direct piezopotential-driven actuation. This work establishes asymmetric structural design as a versatile materials paradigm, opening the pathways toward intelligent soft robotics and autonomous embodied systems.
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Science China-Materials
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Shao Yuhe,Liu Hongzhen,Song Zhen,Liu Quanlin
Broadband near-infrared phosphors with longer wavelengths are urgently needed for applications such as deep-tissue biomedical imaging. However, the detailed mechanism of Mn 2+ -activated NIR emission remains elusive. Guided by the theory of the nephelauxetic effect, sulfide phosphors with strong covalent bonding have become among the most promising alternatives for obtaining Mn 2+ long-wavelength luminescence. On this basis, the synergistic strategy of combining stronger crystal field effects can make the red-shift emission of isolated Mn 2+ more reliable. In this work, we studied a series of M(Ga, In) 2 S 4 :Mn 2+ (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) phosphors featuring strong crystal field environments, and reported for the first time the luminescence behaviors of Mn 2+ -doped MIn 2 S 4 :Mn 2+ (M = Sr, Ba). The preferential occupation behavior of different sites results in significant differences between MGa 2 S 4 :Mn 2+ (M = Ca, Sr) and MIn 2 S 4 :Mn 2+ (M = Sr, Ba) with the same crystal structure. The severe distortion of the polyhedra further enhances their performance in ultrawideband deep red to near-infrared luminescence (600–850 nm, FWHM ≈ 123–257 nm), which is far superior to that of similar materials. Furthermore, the fabricated PC-LED devices have excellent vascular imaging and plant illumination capabilities. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the near-infrared luminescence of Mn 2+ .
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2026
·Vol. 237
·期 12
·717
·
IF 3.5
Luo Yuwen,Jiang Qingxi,Zhang Hualin,Qi Shuangxing,Zen Yuanlai,Peng Chenliang,Wang Guanshi
The extensive use of ammonium sulfate as a leaching agent in the mining process of ion-adsorption rare earth ores (IAREO) has led to severe pollution of ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater of historical residual ores. In this study, natural clinoptilolite was modified using sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) to elucidate both the enhanced adsorption performance and the fundamental mechanisms governing NH 4 + removal. Single-factor experiments identified the optimal modification conditions as an SHMP concentration of 0.1 mol·L −1 , a temperature of 80 °C, and a duration of 3 h, under which the NH 4 + adsorption capacity of modified clinoptilolite increased to 2.6 times that of the natural clinoptilolite. Characterization using SEM, BET, XRD, and FTIR revealed that SHMP treatment increased surface roughness and enhanced pore structure without altering the crystalline framework. Adsorption experiments demonstrated that NH 4 + adsorption onto the modified material conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm, yielding a maximum adsorption capacity of 16.72 mg·g −1 , indicating a chemisorption-dominated process characterized by spontaneous, exothermic monolayer adsorption . Ion exchange was proven as the primary mechanism, with NH 4 + replacing Na + in the clinoptilolite structure, while coexisting cations such as K + and Ca 2+ markedly inhibited adsorption. Additionally, the modified clinoptilolite exhibited substantial removal efficiency when applied to actual wastewater from IAREO operations. Overall, the findings demonstrate the effectiveness of SHMP-modified clinoptilolite and provide guidance for ammonia–nitrogen remediation in IAREO sites.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 4
·284
·
IF 5.4
Wang Yanbin,Wang Liling
Nanoenzymes have emerged as a powerful alternative to natural enzymes due to their excellent chemical stability and simple synthesis process. In this study, sulfur-doped iron-based nanostructures (FeS 4 -T) were synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method under mild conditions. FeS 4 -T exhibited strong peroxidase-like activity, and the addition of norfloxacin significantly enhanced the color response of TMB/H 2 O 2 /FeS 4 -T. Thus, a rapid and sensitive method for detecting norfloxacin was developed with a linear range of 0.05–10 μmol·L⁻ 1 and a detection limit of 2 nM. Moreover, various quinolones produced different absorbance changes at 652 nm and 370 nm, forming a unique dual-wavelength signal. Based on these patterns, a colorimetric array was developed to identify seven quinolones and their mixtures. The sulfur-doping strategy proposed provides a novel approach for the rational design of iron-based nanoenzymes and highlights its significant potential in the environmental monitoring of emerging pollutants. Graphical abstract
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Hong Xufeng,Wang Xizhe,Harris Stephen J.,Zhao Hongbo,Meng Jiashen,Jia Qingshan,Zhao Qianchuan,Xu Kang,Pang Quanquan,Jiang Benben
Designing electrolyte materials for high-energy lithium metal batteries requires navigating vast, discrete chemical spaces, where intricate interphasial and electrolyte chemistries render component interactions largely unclear. Traditional trial-and-error methods struggle with discontinuous electrolyte-performance relationships and inefficient adaptation to new molecular candidates, hindering discovery. Here, we propose a two-stage deep active learning framework with knowledge transfer for rapid electrolyte design. In stage one, deep active learning with deep kernel learning selects informative experiments and models discontinuous relationships between formulation and performance, improving sample efficiency and reducing experimental cost. In stage two, target statistic coding quantifies what was learned and transfers it to new design settings, such as expanded formulation spaces and newly introduced components, using only a small number of additional measurements. Using this framework, we found electrolytes that increase the average lifetime of lithium metal symmetric cells by threefold after three learning iterations, and we rapidly identified improved formulations for Li 0 | |LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 full cells in expanded chemical spaces. This work provides an experiment-driven, sample-efficient route to explore complex electrolyte formulation spaces and quantify inter-component correlations, as well as a realistic, high-cost, small-data benchmark for probabilistic surrogate modeling and sequential decision-making in discrete chemical spaces.
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