Nature Communications
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2025
·
IF 15.7
Liu Jiaqi,Liao Mingquan,Latella Riccardo,Yuan Junhui,Liu Zheng,Wen Jiaxin,Ling Qinghao,Xu Yinsheng,Konstantinou Georgios,Lecoq Paul,Xia Mengling,Niu Guangda
Ultrafast radiation detection is crucial for advancing medical imaging, high-energy physics, astronomy, and industrial applications, offering high spatiotemporal resolution and reduced radiation exposure. However, the bottleneck lies in the formidable challenge of achieving scintillators with both ultrafast response and high efficiency. Contrasting with previous approaches that focused on molecular-level confinement, here we propose the strategy of pushing exciton confinement to the limit of atomic scale. Using 2D perovskites as a model, we design organic A-site cations to selectively enhance in-plane distortion to localize excitons, while suppressing out-of-plane and intra-octahedral distortions to minimize the formation of inefficient, long-lived self-trapped excitons. Specifically, (1,4-CMA)PbBr 4 exhibits a rare combination of fast response (0.62 ns) and high light yield (19,700 photons MeV −1 ), surpassing leading commercial and research scintillators. These properties enable breakthroughs in advanced imaging, including fast positron emission tomography with timing precision of 43.3 ps and high-resolution X-ray imaging (32 lp mm −1 ).
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Microsystems & Nanoengineering
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·246
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IF 9.9
Guo Chenfei,Liu Lin,Cai Zhengyang,Wang Yingyi,Guan Kejie,Sun Fuqin,Zhou Weifan,Gou Xiaoshuang,He Xiaoqian,Wang Xiaowei,Zhang Ting
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are intensively studied as promising materials for gas sensors owing to their large surface area and low working temperature. In this work, we report the synthesis of a layered SnS 2 single crystal by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach for NO 2 sensing. By tuning the growth temperature, high-quality crystals with a lateral size over 3 mm are obtained in 30 min. The 2D SnS 2 sensor with optimized thickness (~15 nm) shows a low detection limit (2 ppb), a fast recovery time (66 s/1 ppm), and a high response (~4702% @ 1 ppm NO 2 ) at room temperature (RT) under UV illumination. An in-situ Kelvin probe force microscope is employed to reveal the high selectivity of SnS 2 through qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of charge transfer behavior, including the directions and amount of charge transfer, upon exposure to different gases. In-situ Raman and first-principles density functional theory calculations further confirm the sensing mechanism toward NO 2 . Both experimental and theoretical results suggest that 2D SnS 2 holds promising potential as an RT NO₂ sensing material.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2025
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IF 3.9
Feng Xu,Xiong Yuxiang,Zhou Changjian,Lin Xinying,Li Yuanyuan,Hu Fei,Hu Huawen
The design of efficient and durable electrocatalysts for acidic oxygen evolution remains a critical challenge. Recent advances have demonstrated that synergistic microstructure engineering and electrical resistance modulation can dramatically enhance the intrinsic activity and stability of acidic OER electrocatalysts. In this work, we systematically investigate the impact of fabrication methodology on the structure, morphology, and electrocatalytic properties of Co 3 O 4 catalysts. Three representative techniques—ink-spraying, dip-coating, and drop-casting—were compared using a unified precursor and substrate framework. The ink-sprayed Co 3 O 4 catalyst exhibits superior performance, achieving an overpotential of 386 mV at 100 mA·cm −2 , a Tafel slope of 51.5 mV·dec −1 , and exceptional durability over 165 h at 10 mA·cm −2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals a notable increase in the Co 2+ /Co 3+ ratio and oxygen-vacancy concentration after long-term operation, indicating surface reconstruction and enhanced redox flexibility. Notably, the relative contribution of the oxygen-vacancy (O V ) component increases from 20.9% in the pristine state to 28.2% after 24 h of OER operation. The uniform nanostructure, improved conductivity, and robust film adhesion endow the ink-sprayed electrode with both enhanced activity and stability, outperforming the dip-coated and drop-cast counterparts as well as most state-of-the-art Co-based OER catalysts reported in the literature. Furthermore, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis confirms minimal metal leaching, highlighting the catalyst’s structural integrity and long-term stability. This work underscores the crucial role of fabrication methodology in tailoring catalytic performance and establishes ink-spraying as an efficient strategy for engineering high-performance Co 3 O 4 catalysts suitable for acidic water electrolysis applications. Graphical abstract
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·11068
·
IF 15.7
Meng Shengnan,Wang Hongxing,Zhao Qian,Lü Xiaozhou,Yu Jianyong,Si Yang
Transpiration cooling is a thermal management technique that utilizes the phase change of liquid coolant to effectively dissipate heat. Porous ceramic media play a crucial role in this cooling process by facilitating liquid transport and heat exchange; however, their intermittent capillary action and inter-grain phonon scattering significantly hinder rapid cooling. Here, we propose a strategy to create AlN-based nanofiber aerogel as a transpiration thermo-cooler, featuring vertically aligned channels and monocrystalline nanofibers by combining nanoengineering and multiscale structural assembly techniques. Benefiting from the unconstrained capillarity of aerogel channels, our thermo-coolers exhibit a fast liquid transport rate of up to 8.33 ± 0.026 mm s −1 , surpassing that of state-of-the-art porous media by one to two orders of magnitude. In addition, the enhanced phonon conduction properties of single-crystal AlN nanofibers enables thermo-coolers to achieve a fast cooling rate of 156.8 °C s −1 , outperforming advanced cooling materials by a factor of five and making them ideal for various thermal management applications.
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Human Cell
·
2025
·Vol. 39
·期 1
·19
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IF 3.1
Zhu Linwen,Li Ni,Shi Huoshun,Song Jie,Fang Zhongjie,Shen Qinbo,Zhu Xiuying,Dan Yanggang,Shao Guofeng,Sun Lebo
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in cardiovascular disease development and progression. We identified has_circ_0000437 from three pairs of clinical samples using a circRNA microarray and predicted the has_circ_0000437 sponge let-7f-5p using bioinformatics. We expanded the sample to confirm the expression, correlation, and diagnostic value of has_circ_0000437, let-7f-5p and RAS-like proto-oncogene B (RALB) in rheumatic valvular heart disease (RVHD). The effects of has_circ_0000437 and let-7f-5p on biological function were observed in hVICs cells. To explore the molecular pathogenesis of has_circ_0000437 in the RVHD process, the target binding protein RAS-like proto-oncogene B (RALB) of has_circ_0000437 was obtained using label-free mass spectrometry and parallel reaction monitoring. The influence of the has_circ_0000437/let-7f-5p/RALB axis on the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related proteins in the inflammatory signaling pathway predicted by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) during RVHD was measured using Western blotting. We found that let-7f-5p was at low expression and negatively correlated with has_circ_0000437, which had a diagnostic value with an area under the curve of 0.998 after the combined diagnosis. Has_circ_0000437 and let-7f-5p had binding sites, and let-7f-5p alleviated the effect of has_circ_0000437 on the proliferation, migration, and cycle progression of hVICs. The inhibitory effect of has_circ_0000437 on hVICs apoptosis was diminished. Mechanism studies showed that has_circ_0000437 promotes the MAPK pathway through has_circ_0000437/let-7f-5p/RALB axis. These findings suggest that the has_circ_0000437/let-7f-5p/RALB axis promotes the MAPK pathway, proliferation, migration, and cycle progression in RVHD, inhibiting the apoptosis process, thereby promoting RVHD development. This pathway may suggest a target for RVHD diagnosis and treatment.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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2025
·
IF 4
Yuan Chao-Yang,Shi Lei,Ji Shang-Chao,Chen Hai-Long,Tong Xiao,Hao Zi-Ying,Pan Xiao-Da,Yin Xian-Ze,Zheng Long
Airless tires are essential for enhancing the safety, reliability, and convenience of maintenance of electric bicycles. Polyurethane (PU) is considered a promising candidate for such applications owing to its versatile properties. However, their use is limited by insufficient heat resistance and excessive dynamic heat generation under cyclic loading. In this study, star-shaped trifunctional polypropylene glycerol (PPG3) was incorporated into conventional poly(tetramethylene glycol) (PTMG) and 4,4′-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)-based systems to construct microporous star-shaped casting polyurethanes (SCPU), with water serving as a green foaming agent. Unlike conventional small-molecule trifunctional crosslinkers that create junctions within hard segment domains, PPG3 introduces long flexible arms between the hard segments, anchoring the crosslinking points at its molecular core. The large steric hindrance of PPG3 effectively suppresses soft segment crystallization and lowers the degree of microphase separation, whereas the crosslinked network restricts chain mobility, thereby reducing dynamic heat generation. These structural features also enhance the heat resistance, yielding a softening temperature of 183 °C, which is 30.9% higher than that of polyurethane without PPG3. When applied to airless tires by casting SCPU into rubber treads, the fabricated hybrid airless tires achieved a rolling distance of over 3000 km under a load of 65 kg at 25 km/h without structural failure, satisfying practical performance requirements. This strategy offers a simple, solvent-free, and environmentally friendly process, underscoring the potential of SCPU for scalable production of high-performance airless tires.
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npj Clean Water
·
2025
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IF 11.4
Jung Sung-Hyo,Hong Sung-Hak,Lee Youn-Jun,Park Seong-Jik,Jho Eun Hea,Lee Chang-Gu
Azo is a synthetic organic dye that has attracted considerable attention because of its recalcitrance to degradation and toxicity. An upgraded ozonation process must be developed that integrates decolorization, mineralization, and toxicity reduction to manage the residual azo dye in the effluent from the dyeing industry and reduce its associated aquatic environmental risks. In this study, an ozonation system using Meretrix lusoria (ML) shell-waste-derived biomass (ML800) that uses simple calcination was developed. The ML800/O 3 system almost completely decolorized ( > 99.0%) and highly mineralized (53.6 ± 1.7%) Congo red (CR) during (CR = 100 mg∙L –1 , ML800 = 0.5 g ∙ L –1 ), surpassing the performance of the other tested systems (single ozonation and single ML800). Moreover, the ML800/O 3 system reduced the acute toxicity of CR to the bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri , whereas single ozonation showed temporarily increased the toxicity of CR. The FE-SEM/EDS, FTIR, and XRD analyses verified that Ca(OH) 2 was the main calcium species in ML800, which catalyzed the decomposition of O 3 into highly reactive •OH. The system was successfully applied to various azo dyes and was robust with water matrix constituents. These findings highlight the potential of marine shell waste for use as a sustainable and ecofriendly additive for ozonation, increasing azo dye removal from wastewater in practical applications.
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Scientific Reports
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·44359
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IF 3.9
Zhang Yuepeng,Sun Yuhua,Gong Xueshan,Zhao Shuang,Cao Weiwei,Wang Hongbo,Wang Hao,Zhang Xi,Du Changwei,Chen Zhiguo,Deng Lu
Sequence-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) represent promising biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, while current detection methods are often limited by stringent temperature requirements and excessive protease dependency. Herein, we present an isothermal, protein-free cascaded amplification circuit for the sensitive analysis of miRNA-21. This strategy, termed CHA-DNAzyme, integrates a miRNA-activated catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction with a deoxyribozymes (DNAzyme) component. Specifically, the target miRNA-21 initiates the CHA process via a toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction. This reaction unveils a previously sequestered DNAzyme sequence embedded within a hairpin structure, forming an active double-stranded complex. Subsequently, in the presence of Mg²⁺ cofactors, the catalytically activated DNAzyme drives the continuous cleavage of fluorescent reporter hairpins, releasing a measurable fluorescent signal. Implemented in a one-pot format, the CHA-DNAzyme strategy demonstrates excellent sensitivity (with a limit of detection of 8.70 pM), high specificity (the capability to discern single-base mismatches), short sample-to-answer time (approximately 60 min), and robust performance in analyzing serum samples. This approach holds significant potential to facilitate the advancement of miRNA detection tools and support their application in tumor diagnosis and prognosis assessment.
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IONICS
·
2025
·
IF 2.6
Wang Jing,Yao Chuan,Su Chang
The practical application of lithium metal batteries is hindered by the heterogeneous solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), which undergoes repeated cracking and reconstruction during cycling, thereby exacerbating lithium dendrite growth. To address this issue, we propose an in-situ reconstruction strategy for the SEI layer by introducing the functional additive 1,3,5-trioxane (TO), which helps to homogenize lithium transport and enhance mechanical stability. By participating in the Li + solvation structure, TO facilitates the formation of a homogeneous and mechanically robust SEI, which preferentially promotes the formation of a polyoxymethylene (POM) phase and enriches LiF content within the SEI. This tailored interface significantly improves the uniformity of lithium deposition and interfacial compatibility. In coin cells employing a high-loading LiNi 0.90 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 cathode (7.37 mg cm − 2 ) and an ultrathin lithium anode (50 μm), the TO-modified electrolyte enables a capacity retention of 73.1% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C, substantially outperforming the conventional electrolyte that retained only 25.9%. These results demonstrate the promising potential of this electrolyte design for high-energy-density lithium metal batteries.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Gao Yang,Gao Shan,Zhang Yunhua,Lyu Shaoyi,Wang Feijun
Reuse of dye-containing wastewater for valuable products offers significant potential. Chitosan, a natural high-molecular-weight porous material, served as an effective carrier for dye molecules. This study uses chitosan to adsorb Congo Red, preparing hierarchical porous carbon materials, which are then applied in supercapacitors. The findings reveal that chitosan achieves an impressive adsorption capacity of 1450 mg g −1 for Congo Red. When the chitosan–Congo Red composite material-based carbon is used as the electrode material, it shows an outstanding specific capacitance of 318 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 . Furthermore, due to its high content of heteroatoms such as N, O, and S, the double-layer supercapacitor fabricated with this electrode material demonstrates a specific capacitance of 149.49 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 , with an energy density of 8.77 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 335.35 W kg −1 . These results highlight the considerable potential of this material after adsorption of dye-containing wastewater for applications in the energy storage field.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·
IF 15.7
Na Qi,Zhang Xiaowang,Long Linna,Qi Siyu,Zhang Zhiyu,Zhi Ruoyu,Tan Zhuotao,Ying Hanjie,Zhu Chenjie
The textile dyeing industry has shaped modern aesthetics through vibrant coloration technologies. Indigoid dyes embody this potential but are hindered by the hazardous chemo-synthesis and water-intensive chemo-dyeing processes. While biosynthesis and bio-dyeing efforts offer alternatives, disjointed synthesis-dyeing steps lead to unsustainable water and energy demands, and complex biosynthetic pathways cause low atom economy and inefficiency. Here, we report a one-pot one-step approach that unifies biosynthesis and bio-dyeing of indigoids to drastically reduce water usage in the dyeing process. By combining alcohol dehydrogenase with flavin-containing monooxygenase, we construct an artificial redox-neutral cascade biosynthetic pathway to produce bluish-violet indigoid dyes, which significantly enhances atom economy and achieves high production efficiency. Various natural and synthetic fabrics are dyed in-situ with the biosynthetic indigoids utilizing recombinant E. coli whole cells. Crucially, this system dyes synthetic nylon fibers with the historic purple hue.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Tan Yijun,Meng Dan,Li Fang,Luo Mingming,Li Ying,Dong Panpan,Xu Longping,Liu Ruowei,Wu Zijian
Herein
, an electrochemical/photoelectrochemical (EC/PEC) dual-mode sensing platform based on carbon dots/liquid exfoliated graphene (CDs/LEG) nanocomposites was developed in this work. The CDs/LEG heterogeneous effectively exploited the excellent photoelectric activity of CDs and the high conductivity of LEG. Ferrocene-labelled aptamer (Fc-Apt) and methylene blue-labelled complementary DNA (MB-cDNA) were introduced as dual-signal probes. Upon aflatoxin B1 (AFB 1 ) binding, it competitively displaced MB-cDNA, restoring Fc-Apt hairpin conformation and causing MB to move away from the electrode surface while Fc approached it. This conformational change significantly increased the I Fc to I MB peak current ratio ( I Fc / I MB ), enhancing the EC signals; meanwhile, the aptamer complex immobilized on the electrode surface reduced the PEC signals through spatial site-blocking and light-shielding effects. The dual-mode responded synergistically to form a unique self-validation mechanism, which showed excellent linearity over the AFB 1 concentration range of 0.01-100 ng/mL, with detection limits (LOD) of 1.356 pg/mL (EC mode) and 0.087 pg/mL (PEC mode). Graphical
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）