INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Zhiwei Li,Teng Liu,Minglong Li,Yun Lin,Peng Guo,Mingfu Lyu,Zhiyong Wei,Lin Sang
Poly (butylene succinate- co -butylene terephthalate)/poly (L-lactic acid) (PBST/PLLA) composite films based on industrially compostable polyester matrices have attracted increasing attention owing to their favorable mechanical properties and packaging potential. In this work, PBST/PLLA was used as the polymer matrix, and an epoxy chain extender was introduced to improve the compatibility between the two phases. Surface-modified coal gangue was further incorporated as a functional filler to regulate the properties of the composite films. The results demonstrated that the dispersibility and interfacial adhesion of modified CG (CGKH 1.0 ) in the matrix were significantly improved. Compared with the composite film material containing unmodified CG (CG-9), the tensile strength and elongation at break of the CGKH 1.0 -9 film increased by 16.2% and 29.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, CG incorporation improved the CO 2 barrier and light-shielding performance, while KH550 modification partially reduced the additional water vapor permeability caused by unmodified CG: the water vapor transmission coefficient ( Pwv ) and carbon dioxide transmission coefficient ( Pco 2 ) of the CGKH 1.0 -9 film were lower than those of the pure PBST/PLLA film, and it also exhibited improved resistance under UV irradiation, hygrothermal aging (85 °C/85% RH), and aqueous hydrolytic environments. This work demonstrates that coal gangue can be transformed into a functional filler for PBST/PLLA composite films, providing a feasible strategy for the high-value utilization of coal gangue in polymer composites. Download: Download high-res image (214KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
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2026
·Vol. 61
·期 8
·e70087
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IF 2.1
Hanting Li,Liangyin Shu,Suyu Yang,Qing Li,Huanting Li,Wei Cai,Shunli Xiao
Solanum virginianum L., a traditional Solanaceae medicinal plant, is clinically valued for dispelling wind-dampness and relieving pain. Previous phytochemical investigations have predominantly focused on the fruits, identifying alkaloids and steroids with notable anti-inflammatory and antipsoriasis activities. However, systematic research regarding the chemical constituents of other medicinal parts, such as roots and stems, remains scarce, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the plant's material basis. To address this gap, this study systematically characterizes the chemical components of different parts leaves-stems, roots, and fruits-providing essential data for the holistic utilization and quality control of S. virginianum . The chemical constituents of S. virginianum . were fully investigated using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS) combined with the Feature-based molecular networking (FBMN). A total of 110 chemical components were identified by comparison with reference standards, databases, and literature. Among them, 89 compounds were reported for the first time in this species, 18 compounds were accurately confirmed, and 51 compounds were simultaneously identified in all three parts, leaves-stems (L), roots (R), and fruits (F). The established method enables rapid and effective identification of the main chemical constituents in S. virginianum , providing a reference for its quality control, studies on active components, and mechanism of action exploration.
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Applied Food Research
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2026
·Vol. 6
·期 2
·102406
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IF 5.4
Huaying Wen,Xiaoqing Yin,Chen Zhang,Zhen Da,Yuhong Zhang
Highland barley and Potentilla anserina L. (juema) were used for the first time as substrates for fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LL6-1 over a period of 0-9 days. Changes in physicochemical parameters, antioxidant activities and flavour profiles were systematically evaluated. Lactic acid became the predominant organic acid after fermentation, whereas total phenols, free amino acids and reducing sugars peaked on day 1. Flavonoid content and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity increased throughout the process, while SOD activity and DPPH radical scavenging capacity rose initially and then declined. Correlation analysis revealed that 16 of the 17 detected compounds were positively intercorrelated, with acetic acid as the sole exception. Fermentation markedly improved sensory characteristics: bitterness, bitter aftertaste and astringent aftertaste were significantly reduced. Electronic nose analysis clearly discriminated samples from different fermentation stages. A total of 17 new volatile compounds were identified after fermentation, and the total flavour compound content increased 3.2-to 8.2-fold compared with that before fermentation, peaking on day 2. Esters and alcohols became the dominant volatile constituents. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that LL6-1 fermentation effectively eliminates off-odours and substantially enhances the aroma quality of the beverage, indicating that this strain holds considerable promise for the development of novel plant‑based fermented beverages.
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JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2026
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IF 6.8
Yu Zhong,Licheng Zhang,Yiheng Deng,Qinghui Shao,Jiawei Liang,Gan Jiang,Qiuxing He
Ethnopharmacological relevance Annona squamosa L. (custard apple) is widely used in traditional folk medicine across tropical regions for treating inflammatory conditions and metabolic disorders. However, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of water-soluble polysaccharides from the edible pulp (WPAS) has not been previously investigated. Aim of the study To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of WPAS and to explore its potential mechanisms using integrated computational approaches and zebrafish models. Materials and methods The in vitro antioxidant capacity of WPAS was evaluated using DPPH radical- and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assays. DFT, network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, QSAR, and PASS prediction were employed to characterize representative monosaccharide motifs that served as simplified structural proxies for WPAS and to generate exploratory hypotheses regarding potential interaction networks and inflammation-associated molecular markers. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effects were assessed in an LPS-induced zebrafish embryo inflammation model by evaluating ROS levels, neutrophil recruitment, inflammatory protein expression, and cytokine gene expression. Results WPAS exhibited concentration-dependent radical scavenging activity, with IC 50 values of 71.84 μg/mL for DPPH radicals and 804.6 μg/mL for hydroxyl radicals, indicating appreciable in vitro antioxidant potential, particularly against DPPH radicals. Monosaccharide-based computational analyses suggested MMP9-related interaction patterns within the in silico framework and indicated possible associations with pathway-related processes, including NF-κB, JAK-STAT, and PI3K-Akt-related processes. In LPS-challenged zebrafish embryos, WPAS exhibited favorable biosafety and significantly attenuated inflammatory responses in a dose-dependent manner, as evidenced by reduced intracellular ROS, decreased neutrophil infiltration, lowered protein levels of TNF-α, NF-κB p65, and MMP9, and downregulated mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Conclusion This study provides the first evidence that WPAS exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The protective effects observed in zebrafish were associated with reduced ROS production, decreased neutrophil recruitment, and changes in inflammatory marker levels, including NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and MMP9. These findings support the traditional use of Annona squamosa L. and highlight WPAS as a promising natural polysaccharide candidate for further investigation of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
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2026
·Vol. 193
·期 7
·497
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IF 5.4
Xie Zexing,Dou Xinkai,Wang Haitong,Liu Yu,Lv Peiwen,Xin Tao,Li Nianlu
At-home monitoring of key blood indicators, including cholesterol and glucose, is vital for point-of-care chronic condition management. In this work, portable kits based on L-arginine modified Cu-CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles (Cu-CuFe 2 O 4 @L-Arg NPs) were fabricated for colorimetric determination of glucose and cholesterol in human serum. Cu-CuFe 2 O 4 @L-Arg NPs with superior peroxidase-like activities were synthesized via a straightforward hydrothermal approach. The accelerated electron transfer process of Cu 0 and its role as an electron donor contributed to excellent catalytic activity of Cu-CuFe 2 O 4 @L-Arg toward 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Portable kits include glucose oxidase or cholesterol oxidase, phosphate buffer solution (PBS) pH 7.0, Cu-CuFe 2 O 4 @L-Arg, PBS pH 4.0 and TMB. Among the enzyme-like reactions, Cu-CuFe 2 O 4 @L-Arg catalyzes the conversion of H 2 O 2 into hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which subsequently oxidize the TMB substrate to yield a blue-colored product. The signal intensities of the blue products were proportional to H 2 O 2 , which was produced in the cholesterol or glucose systems. This method achieves linear detection of free cholesterol from 5 µM to 1.2 mM, exhibiting a low LOD of 1 µM, and was validated by obtaining recoveries of 97-103.5% for total cholesterol in human serum analyses. The method enabled the linear quantification of glucose from 50 to 1500 µM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 µM, and recoveries in human serum ranged from 96% to 102.8%. The portable kits, characterized by low cost, visual readout, high specificity, and long-term stability, demonstrate considerable potential for self-monitoring devices for key clinical biomarkers. Graphical
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Reaction Kinetics Mechanisms and Catalysis
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2026
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IF 2.1
Sun Bai,Zhang Zhilong,Zhou Taoyou,Hong Guiyun,Wang Yun,Pan Fakang,Huang Hao,Bao Lining,Yi Mingjian,Zhu Shuguang
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-L (ZIF-L)-derived cobalt–nickel layered double hydroxide (CoNi-LDH) nanosheets are developed as a heterogeneous activator of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation. The optimized CoNi-LDH/PMS system achieves 99% RhB removal within 12 min along with an apparent rate constant ( k obs ) of 0.55 min −1 , while total organic carbon removal reaches approximately 34% at 12 min. The catalyst also retains activity toward several representative organic contaminants, during five reuse cycles, and in tap and lake water matrices. Quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance, nitroblue tetrazolium probing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy collectively indicate that PMS activation is dominated by a singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 )-mediated non-radical pathway, with radical species making minor contributions. The results further suggest that Co/Ni redox cycling promotes PMS activation, while lattice-oxygen-related surface changes would participate in interfacial electron transfer. This study highlights a ZIF-L-derived bimetallic LDH architecture that couples rapid PMS activation with preferential 1 O 2 generation, and provides a basis for further evaluation in complex water matrices.
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PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.2
Xuzhao Zhang,Lan Fang,Haiting Wang,Yuntian Xiao,Dongyue Wang,Zongying Hao,Junbo Gong
Background Excessive pesticide soil leaching (>99% loss) poses a critical environmental challenge. This study aimed to develop carrier free, slow release herbicide particles by integrating crystal engineering and spherical particle technology. Results A 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid–l menthol cocrystal was synthesized solvent free into spherical particles ( D 50 = 100–600 μm). These cocrystal particles reduced solubility by 21.6%, decreased dissolution rate by >50%, and reduced soil leaching by up to 93%, eliminating the need for carriers and avoiding secondary pollution. The release mechanism was governed by a multiscale diffusion limited process: enhanced hydrogen bonding networks elevated lattice energy, while solution mediated recrystallization transformed nanofibrous microstructures into diffusion restricting lamellar domains. Kinetic modeling indicated a transition from Fickian to hindered diffusion. Biological validation demonstrated superior weed control efficacy against chicory and shepherd's purse. Conclusion This integrated approach establishes a sustainable paradigm for precision agrochemical delivery by significantly reducing environmental leaching while maintaining high herbicidal activity. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Catalysts
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2026
·Vol. 16
·期 4
·312
·
IF 4.5
Xuelai Zhao,Wuyu Wang,Zhenjing Jiang,Xinghua Zhang,Xiuzheng Zhuang,Qi Zhang,Longlong Ma
The homogeneous nature of L-proline organocatalysts restricts their application in aldol condensation due to poor recyclability and stability. Herein, L-proline was heterogenized by ionic intercalation into Mg–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs), yielding a series of proline-intercalated catalysts with tunable layer structures. Co-precipitation and memory-effect reconstruction strategies were employed to regulate interlayer spacing and proline loading. The resulting catalysts exhibited efficient performance in the aldol condensation of furfural with ketones under mild conditions. The reconstructed catalyst re-Mg4Al1P achieved a furfural conversion of 88.67% and a total product yield of 85.54% at room temperature, with product selectivity exceeding 95%. Structural characterizations confirmed that proline was stabilized within the LDH interlayers via R–COO—Mg electrostatic interaction while preserving the secondary amine active site. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the reaction proceeded through enamine- or enol-mediated pathways depending on water content, while the layered LDH framework imposed geometric confinement that suppressed side reactions. Catalyst deactivation in aqueous systems was mainly attributed to proline leaching rather than structural collapse.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.9
Hongtao Lu,Lei Gong,Bingbing Cao,Jianna Bao
In this study, poly(lactic acid)-based polyurethanes (PLA-based PUs) made from poly( d -lactic acid) (PDLA) with molecular weights of 2, 5, and 10 kg/mol were melt-blended with poly( l -lactic acid) (PLLA) to enhance its toughness without any additional compatibilizers. The properties of the PLLA/PU blends were systematically investigated considering the M n, PDLA . The results showed that too low or too high M n, PDLA was unfavorable to the original toughness of PLA-based PU and its corresponding toughness of blends owing to their ratio of hard/soft segments, while its tensile strength remained high (> 45 MPa) regardless of M n, PDLA . Given this optimal M n, PDLA of 5 kg/mol, the PLLA/PU blends without and with stereocomplex (SC) crystallites exhibited an elongation at break of 138.3% and 282.5%, respectively, while the latter was 48 times greater than that of neat PLLA. Due to the presence of SC crystallites, the blends showed a fast crystallization rate, which crystallized within 1.2 min, whereas neat PLLA required 53.7 min. The presence of SC crystals increased complex viscosity, which further rose with increasing M n, PDLA due to the higher extent of SC crystallization. This work may provide a strategy for developing PLA-based materials with enhanced toughness. Graphical By incorporating PLA-based PU (PDBU) containing PDLA with different molecular weights, the interfacial interactions are enhanced. The formation of SC crystallites serves as nucleation sites during PLLA crystallization, leading to a reduction in spherulite size. The toughness of PLLA is remarkably improved, with PU-5k-D increasing the elongation at break by approximately 48 times.
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Foods
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2026
·Vol. 15
·期 16
·2784
·
IF 6
Yang Yu,Jiayuan Luo,Mingjie Jia,Yihong Bao
The spoilage of blue honeysuckle during storage is mainly caused by specific dominant microorganisms, while most antimicrobial systems are developed without considering these target spoilage species. In this study, dominant spoilage yeasts were isolated from blue honeysuckle berries, and an antimicrobial system was constructed using these yeasts, along with common foodborne bacteria as target strains. The results showed that the antimicrobial system exhibited significant synergistic antimicrobial activity. Further analysis indicated that the essential oils disrupted the cell membrane structure and increased membrane permeability, thereby promoting the interaction of ε-PL with intracellular components. Multiple physiological alterations were detected after treatment, including membrane depolarization, leakage of intracellular components, accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and suppression of cellular metabolism. These observations suggested that damage to microbial cells might be synergistically induced by the composite system. Application of the system to blue honeysuckle berries effectively inhibited the growth of endogenous spoilage microorganisms and delayed quality deterioration during storage, and significantly reduced weight loss and decay rates, as well as changes in color, anthocyanin content, and vitamin C content. These results indicate that constructing antimicrobial systems based on dominant spoilage microorganisms can improve preservation efficiency and provide a useful approach for the storage of blue honeysuckle and similar fruits.
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JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 5.2
Xiumei Liu,Zi Yan,Jing Li,Hong Zou,Haoyue Zhong,Peixin Lee,Yaqi Lyu,Nianping Feng
First study of LB-Exos in modulating ocular disease. • LB-Exos present as natural, multi-target nanotherapeutics for diabetic retinopathy. • LB-Exos protect against oxidative stress, restore blood-retinal barrier integrity. • LB-Exos downregulate the HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2 axis. • LB-Exos exhibit synergistic effect with standard anti-VEGF therapy. The growing interest in plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as nanotherapeutics has positioned Lycium barbarum L. EVs (LB-Exos) as a promising candidate for treating diabetic retinopathy (DR), a condition characterized by pathological angiogenesis and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction. This study investigates the multifaceted therapeutic effects of LB-Exos, isolated from fresh goji berries and characterized for their bioactive metabolite cargo. In vitro, LB-Exos protected ARPE-19 cells from apoptosis by modulating the MAPK pathway and the Bcl-2/BAX/caspase-3 axis. In HUVECs, LB-Exos suppressed angiogenesis by downregulating the HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2 axis and ANGPT2, showing synergistic effects with the standard therapy of bevacizumab (BVZ). These mechanisms were validated in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model, where LB-Exos treatment alleviated retinal pathology, reduced neovascularization, and restored BRB integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins. Our study establishes LB-Exos as a novel, natural nanoplatform that concurrently targets multiple pathological pathways in DR. This work elucidates the multifaceted therapeutic potential of PDEVs in ophthalmology and highlights their complementary mechanism to enhance current anti-VEGF therapy. Download: Download high-res image (321KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 6.7
Ruijiao Zhu,Liuxin Li,Meimei Zhao,Boya Zhang,Ziyi Zhang,Mengcong Li,Lu Yu,Ziwei Song,Ning Gu
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes, requiring effective therapies. This study showed polysaccharide from Ribes nigrum L. (blackcurrant polysaccharides (BCP)) exerted therapeutic effects in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, improving glucose homeostasis and alleviating renal inflammation and fibrosis. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed BCP altered gut microbiota and notably enriched Akkermansia muciniphila, which was validated via fecal microbiota transplantation and exogenous A. muciniphila administration. Combined 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis identified a positive correlation between A. muciniphila and glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA). Exogenous A. muciniphila supplementation significantly increased the level of serum GUDCA in DN mice. Elevated GUDCA activated the bile acid receptor GPBAR1 in the kidney, suppressing NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome and TGF-β-mediated fibrosis. BCP improves renal outcomes by regulating bile acid metabolism through gut microbiota modulation, supporting its potential as a novel dietary strategy for DN.
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