ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
·
2024
·Vol. 26
·期 23
·2401477
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IF 3.4
Le Fu,Zihua Lei,Wenjun Yu,Yang Liu
Thermally driven grain coarsening is a commonly encountered issue in nanocrystalline ceramics, particularly in high-temperature environments. The intergranular glass film (IGF) constitutes a crucial component of most ceramics and plays a pivotal role in the process of grain coarsening. In this study, it is proposed to impede grain coarsening by constructing a chemically complex IGF comprising multiple dopants with distinct ionic radii. Ternary dopants encompassing Al 3+ , Y 3+ , and La 3+ ions are simultaneously incorporated into a ZrO 2 –SiO 2 nanocomposite. To fabricate the nanocomposite, an amorphous precursor powder with uniformly dispersed dopants is prepared using a chemical coprecipitation method, followed by rapid hot pressing to obtain a dense bulk sample. The distribution behavior of ternary dopants at IGFs between adjacent ZrO 2 nanocrystallites (NCs) is carefully examined. It is revealed that the ternary dopants coexist at the IGFs. Moreover, Si 4+ ions exhibit preferential enrichment at the IGFs. Remarkably, the presence of chemically complex IGFs significantly enhances the resistance to grain coarsening in ZrO 2 NCs up to 1000 °C. In these findings, valuable insights are offered for designing and fabricating nanocomposites with exceptional resistance against grain coarsening.
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CELLULOSE
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Yan Yujie,Jin Bo,Peng Rufang
Ammonium perchlorate (AP), as an oxidant and a main component in solid propulsion, has been of wide concern by researchers in recent years. However, problems, such as higher high-temperature decomposition peaks and nonconcentration of exothermic heat release, hinder its application. The addition of combustion catalysts can resolve these problems, but the small size of metals is prone to agglomeration and affects the performance of AP. Graphene oxide, which has a large specific surface area as a carrier, hydroxyethyl cellulose as an intercalating agent, cobalt nitrate as the three-dimensional porous carbon aerogel were prepared as catalyst for AP. The high-temperature decomposition peak of AP was greatly reduced by 116.5 K, which resulted in a great energy release.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Donghui Li,Wenbo Li,Sheng Li,Yangyang Zhang,Xianwen Hu,Shilin Liu,Yan Li
Nasal vaccine is a non-invasive vaccine that activates systemic and mucosal immunity in the presence of an adjuvant, thereby enhancing immune function. In this work, chitosan/oligochitosan/tween 80 (CS-COS-T80) co-stabilized emulsion was designed and further used as the nasal adjuvant. CS-COS-T80 emulsion exhibited outstanding stability under pH 6–8 with uniformly dispersed droplets and nano-scale particle size (<0.25 μm), and maintained stable at 4 °C for 150-day storage. Addition of model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) had no effect on the stability of CS-COS-T80 emulsion. In vivo nasal immunity indicated that CS-COS-T80 emulsion prolonged the retention time of OVA in the nasal cavity (from 4 to 8 h to >12 h), as compared to T80-emulsion. CS-COS-T80 emulsion produced a stronger mucosal immune response to OVA, with secretory IgA levels 5-fold and 2-fold higher than those of bare OVA and commercial adjuvant MF59, respectively. Compared to MF59, CS-COS-T80 induced a stronger humoral immune response and a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response of OVA after immunization. Furthermore, in the presence of CS-COS-T80 emulsion, the secretion of IL-4 and IFN-γ and the activation of splenocyte memory T-cell differentiation increased from 173.98 to 210.21 pg/mL and from 75.46 to 104.01 pg/mL, respectively. Therefore, CS-COS-T80 emulsion may serve as a promising adjuvant platform.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Donghai Yang,Mofan Li,Qing Yun,Huayao Sun,Qing Li,Xuedong Gao,Chaohui Chen,Limin He
Electrocoalescence technology can efficiently dehydrate waxy crude oil but the mechanisms are still unclear. Herein, the continuous microscopic behaviors of droplet falling, deformation, and coalescence were experimentally investigated to clarify the dynamic response mechanism of droplet in waxy oil under an electric field. The results showed the droplet falling under both gravity and electrostatic attraction to deform by the electric field force. Moreover, the expansion and clamping of the liquid bridge resulted from the competition between electric field force and capillary force. However, the precipitated wax crystals reduced the kinetic energy of the droplet and affected its external circulation, thus delaying the falling time. In addition, the wax crystals with interfacial activity adsorbed on the oil-water interface and cross-linked to form a spatial network structure, thereby weakening droplet deformation, hindering liquid film drainage, and inhibiting liquid bridge expansion. Importantly, the droplet adsorbed wax crystals exhibited interfacial elasticity, which makes them more inclined to partial coalescence. The low-frequency pulsed direct current (PUDC) electric field with high strength intermittent effect displayed the most obvious inhibition effect on the wax crystals. Overall, these findings look promising for future design and optimization of high-efficiency electric dehydrators and related fields.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Xiao Bai,Hang Yin,Ziyin Yang
The content of metal single atoms is an important factor for restricting the electrocatalytic activity. In this work, the substitution-encapsulation strategy was reported to obtain high-density nickel single atoms (Ni SAs). This strategy was not only based on ion exchange between Zn nodes and adsorbed Ni2+ ions but also utilized porous ZIF-8 as a host to trap metal precursor guests in situ in their cages. The synergistic effect of ion exchange and precursor encapsulation significantly increased the content of Ni SAs. The structures of the Ni SAs were studied via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Electrochemical studies revealed that the prepared high-density Ni SA catalyst is beneficial for increasing the electrocatalytic activity toward glucose. The sensitivity and the detection limit were 653.9 μA·mM–1·cm–2 and 0.51 μM, respectively. Furthermore, a sensor based on high-density Ni SAs can achieve highly sensitive determination of glucose content in energy drinks and serum samples. This work provides an idea for designing highly active electrocatalysts to improve glucose electrochemical sensing.
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Inorganics
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 5
·136
·
IF 3.1
Yanshuai Cui,Shukai Li,Ning Yu,Xiaodong Yu,Xianbing Ji,Longgang Wang
4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is a frequently encountered toxic phenolic organic pollutant in water. It is important to develop a simple method to treat 4-NP. Small and monodispersed gold nanoparticles often have good catalytic performance of 4-NP. Hemoglobin (Hb) is a kind of common and important protein in organisms. Herein, highly biocompatible bovine hemoglobin-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Aun-Hb NPs) were synthesized using hemoglobin as a biological template. Then, the size, zeta potential, and composition of Aun-Hb NPs were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Aun-Hb NPs with small gold nanoparticles of about 1.4–2.4 nm had good catalytic capabilities in reducing 4-NP to form 4-aminophenol. Au20-Hb NPs demonstrated superior catalytic efficiency in the reduction of 4-NP when compared to other nanoparticles. Moreover, as-synthesized Au20-Hb NPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility through the MTT experiment. The method of preparation of gold nanoparticles offers one way to prepare metal nanoparticles for good potential catalytic applications of gold nanoparticles.
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APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Jing Jiang,Siyu Deng,Wenhao Kuang,Li Wang,Dong Chen,Yuhong Ma,Wantai Yang
Halloysite nanotubes (Hal) have drawn intensive attentions because of their unique nanotubular structure and large surface area. However, limited adsorption capacity and poor recyclability severely impeded their practical application for water remediation. Herein, to overcome the deficiencies of pristine Hal, we deliberately designed and prepared a series of anhydride and carboxylate functionalized Hal (Hal@PDM-COO − ) via self-stabilized precipitation polymerization. Owing to the merits of both nanotubular structure of Hal and high-density carboxylate ions in the shell layer, the Hal@PDM-COO − possessed a remarkable pH-dependent adsorption performance towards methylene blue ( b -MB). As the solution pH increased from 3 to 11, the sorption capacity increased remarkably from 179.1 to 459.1 mg/g. Furthermore, all sorption processes were better-fitted with pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, exhibiting a maximum sorption amount of 302.1 mg/g at pH = 7. These results indicate that electrostatic attraction between positive b -MB molecules and negative carboxylate groups plays a dominant role during sorption process, and carboxylate groups distribute homogeneously in the shell layer of Hal@PDM-COO − . More importantly, Hal@PDM-COO − possessed outstanding recyclability, and the removal rate of b -MB kept >95% after five recycle runs. Considering the highly enhanced adsorption capacity, rapid adsorption rate and excellent reusability, the Hal@PDM-COO − showed significant potential for wastewater treatment.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Xiaoyun Peng,Wenjing Song,Zijian Yan,Wei Zhai,Li Ren
Despite their clinical success, stem cells (SCs) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) are limited by lower retention efficiency and restricted paracrine function. The development of effective SCs culture and delivery systems to maintain or promote SCs paracrine function is urgently needed. In this study, we focused on gelatin microcarriers with different sizes as SCs culture scaffold for OA therapy. The effect of culturing adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on different size microcarriers (180 μm and 320 μm) to promote paracrine function was evaluated. The secretome of ADSCs cultured on microcarriers more effectively regulated macrophages and chondrocytes in a direction favorable to OA healing compared to culture plates. In particular, microcarriers with ADSCs effectively reduced the coefficient of friction at the cartilage interface. Injection low-dose ADSCs without and with different size microcarriers into the knee joints in rats' OA model was achieved. Even better OA therapeutic effects were achieved by using smaller size (higher curvature) microcarriers to deliver ADSCs at low doses. Microcarrier-based cell delivery strategies offer potential solution method for OA therapy.
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Frontiers in Immunology
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Lu Chenhe,Li Haimin,Chen Wenjing,Li Hui,Ma Jiayu,Peng Peng,Yan Yan,Dong Weiren,Jin Yulan,Pan Shiyue,Shang Shaobin,Gu Jinyan,Zhou Jiyong
Introduction: Variant pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a newly emerged zoonotic pathogen that can cause human blindness. PRV can take advantage of its large genome and multiple non-essential genes to construct recombinant attenuated vaccines carrying foreign genes. However, a major problem is that the foreign genes in recombinant PRV are only integrated into the genome for independent expression, rather than assembled on the surface of virion.Methods: We reported a recombinant PRV with deleted gE/TK genes and an inserted porcine circovirus virus 2 (PCV2) Cap gene into the extracellular domain of the PRV gE gene using the Cre-loxP recombinant system combined with the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system. This recombinant PRV (PRV-Cap), with the envelope-embedded Cap protein, exhibits a similar replication ability to its parental virus.Results: An immunogenicity assay revealed that PRV-Cap immunized mice have 100% resistance to lethal PRV and PCV2 attacks. Neutralization antibody and ELISPOT detections indicated that PRV-Cap can enhance neutralizing antibodies to PRV and produce IFN-γ secreting T cells specific for both PRV and PCV2. Immunological mechanistic investigation revealed that initial immunization with PRV-Cap stimulates significantly early activation and expansion of CD69+ T cells, promoting the activation of CD4 Tfh cell dependent germinal B cells and producing effectively specific effector memory T and B cells. Booster immunization with PRV-Cap recalled the activation of PRV-specific IFN-γ+IL-2+CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD8+ T cells, as well as PCV2-specific IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD8+ T cells.Conclusion: Collectively, our data suggested an immunological mechanism in that the recombinant PRV with envelope-assembled PCV2 Cap protein can serve as an excellent vaccine candidate for combined immunity against PRV and PCV2, and provided a cost-effective method for the production of PRV- PCV2 vaccine.
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Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·793
·
IF 4.7
Mingming Zhao,Zhiheng You,Huayun Chen,Xiao Wang,Yibin Ying,Yixian Wang
Artificial scent screening systems, inspired by the mammalian olfactory system, hold promise for fruit ripeness detection, but their commercialization is limited by low sensitivity or pattern recognition inaccuracy. This study presents a portable fruit ripeness prediction system based on colorimetric sensing combinatorics and deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) to accurately identify fruit ripeness. Using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method, the study discerned the distinctive gases emitted by mango, peach, and banana across various ripening stages. The colorimetric sensing combinatorics utilized 25 dyes sensitive to fruit volatile gases, generating a distinct scent fingerprint through cross-reactivity to diverse concentrations and varieties of gases. The unique scent fingerprints can be identified using DCNN. After capturing colorimetric sensor image data, the densely connected convolutional network (DenseNet) was employed, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 97.39% on the validation set and 82.20% on the test set in assessing fruit ripeness. This fruit ripeness prediction system, coupled with a DCNN, successfully addresses the issues of complex pattern recognition and low identification accuracy. Overall, this innovative tool exhibits high accuracy, non-destructiveness, practical applicability, convenience, and low cost, making it worth considering and developing for fruit ripeness detection.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Peikuan Wang,Tianran Zheng,Shuyang Gan,Jiayu Miao,Jianfeng Yao
Because of its wide range of material sources, high specific surface area, and advantageous electrochemical characteristics, cellulose biochar derived from natural lignocellulosic raw materials has been extensively applied as electrodes for energy storage materials. To produce carbon materials with improved qualities, lignocellulosic substrates often need to be pretreated, activated, and modified. In this study, corncob was processed with bisulfite to break down its recalcitrant structure, followed by direct use of the pretreated substrate to avoid the post-pretreatment washing step and take full advantage of the generated lignosulfonate (LS) in the next pyrolysis process. The residual LS in the pretreated sample not only increased the specific surface area of the corncob-biochar, but also introduced the heteroatom S. The biochar obtained through pyrolysis at 900 °C with KOH activation from unwashed pretreated corncob (ABU-900) had a specific surface area of 3130 m 2 /g, and it displayed a high coulombic efficiency of 94.1% after 5000 cycles in a three-electrode system. Owing to the successful introduction of heteroatoms, an asymmetric supercapacitor device (ABU-900//activated carbon) delivered an excellent specific capacitance of 141.2 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and an energy density of 43.7 Wh/kg with a power density of 619 W/kg. This work offers a new and simple route for preparing cellulose biochar-based electrodes from lignocellulose waste.
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ACS Nano
·
2024
·
IF 15.8
Jie Wang,Zhichen Xiong,Yaxun Fan,Hongliang Wang,Changcheng An,Bo Wang,Ming Yang,Xue Li,Yan Wang,Yilin Wang
Excessive usage of biologically toxic fungicides and their matrix materials poses a serious threat to public health. Leveraging fungicide carriers with inherent pathogen inhibition properties is highly promising for enhancing fungicide efficacy and reducing required dosage. Herein, a series of coacervates have been crafted with lignin and surfactin, both of which are naturally derived and demonstrate substantial antifungal properties. This hierarchically assembled carrier not only effectively loads fungicides with a maximum encapsulation efficiency of 95% but also stably deposits on hydrophobic leaves for high-speed impacting droplets. Intriguingly, these coacervates exhibit broad spectrum fungicidal activity against eight ubiquitous phytopathogens and even act as a standalone biofungicide to replace fungicides. This performance can significantly reduce the fungicide usage and be further strengthened by an encapsulated fungicide. The inhibition rate reaches 87.0% when 0.30 mM pyraclostrobin (Pyr) is encapsulated within this coacervate, comparable to the effectiveness of 0.80 mM Pyr alone. Additionally, the preventive effects against tomato gray mold reached 53%, significantly surpassing those of commercial adjuvants. Thus, it demonstrates that utilizing biosurfactants and biomass with intrinsic antifungal activity to fabricate fully biobased coacervates can synergistically combine the functions of a fungicide carrier and antifungal agent against phytopathogens and guarantee environmental friendliness. This pioneering approach provides deeper insights into synergistically enhancing the effectiveness of agrochemicals from multiple aspects, including fungicide encapsulation, cooperative antifungal action, and droplet deposition.
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