Catalysts
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 4
·319
·
IF 4.5
Jie Yang,Xinyu Jiao,Shihao Lv,Anjiang Gao,Shu Zhang,Yong Huang
Lignin, a complex and heterogeneous polymer, poses significant challenges for effective thermal valorization due to its broad molecular weight distribution and structural diversity. This study systematically compares the effect of lignin’s molecular weight on product distribution under pyrolysis and Ru/C-catalyzed depolymerization conditions. Fractionated lignin samples with distinct molecular weights were subjected to identical thermal and catalytic conversion pathways. Pyrolysis results indicate that, compared with low-molecular-weight (low-MW) lignin, high-molecular-weight (high-MW) lignin more readily generates phenolic compounds, with the relative content of guaiacol increasing by nearly twofold. In contrast, products derived from low-MW lignin contain a higher abundance of unsaturated structures, such as 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, suggesting that side chain cleavage and rearrangement reactions are more pronounced. In contrast, Ru/C-catalyzed depolymerization exhibits a stronger molecular-weight-dependent selectivity, where low-MW lignin is more readily converted into carboxylic acids due to enhanced accessibility of terminal functional groups and reduced structural condensation. This comparative analysis demonstrates that lignin’s molecular weight plays a process-dependent role in governing product distribution, providing guidance for tailored lignin valorization strategies.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 29.1
Zizhao Pan,Fei Jin,Li Li,Jiufeng Dong,Yujuan Niu,Liang Sun,Yuqi Liu,Shuoyan Liu,Anda Wang,Qing Wang,Hong Wang
High-temperature polymer dielectrics are critically needed for capacitive energy storage in next-generation power electronics operating above 200 °C, yet their practical application is severely limited by thermally activated charge transport that leads to exponentially increased conduction loss and premature breakdown. Here, we report a polymer solid-solution strategy that simultaneously preserves intrinsic insulation while elevating trap energy levels through the incorporation of an ultralow fraction of a linear semiconducting polymer. The semiconducting chains are molecularly dispersed, functioning as electronic structure modulators rather than transport pathways. The simple nitrogen-containing conjugated segments generate deep localized traps with high positive electrostatic potential, which immobilize injected electrons by increasing the high-energy-level trap density and suppressing hopping conduction at elevated temperatures. Consequently, the composite exhibits a 1940% enhancement in capacitive performance relative to the pristine polymer, while maintaining ≥90% charge–discharge efficiency. The fully organic solid-solution films simultaneously achieve a high energy density of 3.9 J cm −3 and 90% efficiency at 250 °C, together with ultrahigh long-term stability. This work establishes a distinct route for decoupling insulation from trap engineering in polymer dielectrics and provides a scalable, low-cost platform for high-temperature energy storage applications.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Wei Jiang,Yajun Li,Hongcheng Li,Yuhao Fu,Yi Li,Jian Ren,Qian Li,Limei Pan,Jian Yang
In this work, a unique three-dimensional (3D) network NiFeCoP@Ti₃C₂Tₓ composite, consisting of Co, Fe co-doped Ni 2 P (NiFeCoP) nanosheets anchored on Ti₃C₂Tₓ nanosheets via heterojunction, was situ constructed by phosphidizing the NiFeCo-LDH@Ti₃C₂Tₓ precursor. The 3D network structure establishes a 3D conductive network while generating a built-in electric field at the heterointerface, which efficiently accelerates electron/ion transport and simultaneously improves the structure stability of the electrode. DFT calculations demonstrate that Co doping further optimizes the electronic structure of NiFeCoP, introduces additional active sites, thereby promoting electrochemical reaction kinetics. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect among Ni, Fe, and Co with different redox potentials effectively buffers the volume changes during charge/discharge processes. Consequently, NiFeCoP@Ti₃C₂Tₓ as lithium ion batteries (LIBs) anode shows outstanding electrochemical performance at different current density (950 mAh/g after 340 cycles at 0.5 A/g, 816 mAh/g after 900 cycles at 1 A/g, 541 mAh/g after 1000 cycles at 2 A/g).
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FASEB JOURNAL
·
2026
·Vol. 40
·期 14
·e72138
·
IF 4.3
Yong Sun,Huayue Wu,Yutong Zhou,Pengsheng Yin,Long Wu,Haiyang Li,Shi Zuo,Zhe Yang,Kun Cao
Liver fibrosis remains a major global health challenge, driving interest in bioactive metabolites from natural sources as potential therapies. Sodium butyrate (NaB), a gut microbiota–derived short‐chain fatty acid with notable anti‐fibrotic activity, shows promise, although its mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms through which NaB attenuates liver fibrosis. This study integrates bioinformatics and network pharmacology to predict the molecular targets through which NaB exerts its anti‐fibrotic effects. Candidate targets were validated through molecular docking, histopathology, CETSA, and SPR. The inferred mechanisms were further validated in vitro (LX‐2 cells) and in vivo (CCl 4 ‐induced mice) using Western blot, IF Co‐IP, RT‐qPCR, ELISA, and histopathological staining. HDAC3 was identified as a key driver of liver fibrosis. As a natural HDAC3 inhibitor, NaB markedly attenuated CCl 4 ‐induced hepatic injury and fibrosis, accompanied by reduced expression of HDAC3, c‐Myc, glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKFB3, and PKM2), and fibrotic markers (α‐SMA and type I collagen) in fibrotic liver tissues and LX‐2 cells. Mechanistically, NaB exerts its anti‐fibrotic effects by inhibiting HDAC3 expression and deacetylase activity, promoting c‐Myc acetylation and downregulating its expression, thereby suppressing glycolytic metabolic reprogramming in hepatic stellate cells. These findings indicate that NaB attenuates liver fibrosis by inhibiting HDAC3/c‐Myc–mediated metabolic reprogramming, revealing a gut‐derived anti‐fibrotic mechanism and potential therapeutic targets. This study explores the molecular mechanisms by which NaB ameliorates liver fibrosis from the perspectives of the gut–liver axis and metabolic reprogramming. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that gut‐derived NaB may alleviate liver injury and fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation and aerobic glycolysis through the HDAC3/c‐Myc signaling axis.
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Insect Science
·
2026
·
IF 3.7
Honglei He,Feng Lan,Bei Zhang,Tianzi Gu,Jianyang Bai,Qing-He Zhang,Jacob D. Wickham,Longwa Zhang
The olfactory system is pivotal for insects to detect external chemical signals and regulate essential life processes. Dendroctonus valens , an invasive forest pest, displays strong chemotaxis toward the plant kairomone (+)-3-carene. To unravel the molecular mechanism underlying olfactory recognition, we identified 28 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) from D. valens via transcriptome sequencing and identified DvalOBP6 and DvalOBP18 as potential key candidates for this host kairomone component using qRT-PCR. Tissue expression analysis revealed that these two Minus-C OBPs are predominantly expressed in olfactory-related tissues (antennae, legs, and wings) with distinct sexual dimorphism. Homology modeling and molecular docking showed that both proteins adopt a typical six- α -helix fold, and bind (+)-3-carene primarily via hydrophobic interactions with binding energies of −5.53 kcal/mol and −4.96 kcal/mol, respectively. RNA interference of DvalOBP6 or DvalOBP18 significantly abolished the olfactory preference of D. valens adults for (+)-3-carene. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that DvalOBP6 and DvalOBP18 play critical roles in (+)-3-carene perception, providing a theoretical basis for the development of green pest control technologies targeting insect olfactory communication.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 16.8
Zhongqian Zhao,Xujing Wang,Qianji Chen,Tianyue Yang,Xue Zhou,Yangzhong Zhao,Cuilan Wu,Yanzi Gou
In situ ZrC nanoparticles at SiC grain boundaries suppress grain coarsening and preserve mechanical flexibility. • The fibers combine ultrahigh-temperature stability and strong electromagnetic wave absorption. • Large-area fiber membranes fabricated continuously confirm scalable production. Next-generation aerospace vehicles demand thermal protection materials that can withstand aerodynamic heating achieving 2000 °C, while concurrently maintaining structural flexibility and electromagnetic stealth capabilities—a synergistic performance portfolio that remains largely unattainable with conventional ceramic materials. To address this exigent requirement, flexible multiphase SiC-ZrC-C fibers are designed and fabricated in this work. In situ-formed ZrC nanoparticles preferentially nucleate at SiC grain boundaries and act as pinning phases, suppressing SiC grain coarsening at ultrahigh temperature, while the continuous porous carbon scaffold accommodates mechanical deformation. The resultant fibers demonstrate exceptional thermal stability, characterized by phase stability following exposure at 1600 °C for 50 h, as well as retained flexibility even after annealing at 2000 °C for 1 h in an Ar atmosphere. Concurrently, the fibers exhibit potent electromagnetic wave absorption capabilities, achieving a minimum reflection loss of −52.60 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.56 GHz. Besides, continuous fabrication yields large-area fibrous membranes, highlighting the feasibility of large-scale production. The results of this work provide new insights into the design and development of structure-function-integrated thermal protection materials for extreme environments. In brief Flexible multiphase SiC-ZrC-C fibers were designed as multifunctional thermal protection materials for next-generation aerospace vehicles, exhibiting exceptional thermal stability up to 2000 °C, as well as strong electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Download: Download high-res image (244KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ENERGY & FUELS
·
2026
·Vol. 40
·期 33
·18068-18080
·
IF 6
Fu Zong-Pin,Zhao Yun-Peng,Wu Yu-Fa,Qiu Le-Le,Liu Fang-Jing,Zhong Mei,Liang Jing,Cao Jing-Pei
Efficient depolymerization of lignite remains challenging
owing
to both its structural complexity and the high stability of oxygen-containing
bridge linkages. Herein, low-temperature pyrolysis and oxidative pretreatments
were employed to regulate oxygen-containing structures and enhance
the hydrogenolysis reactivity of Zhaotong lignite (ZT). These pretreatments
promoted the structural evolution of lignite, activated oxygen-containing
bridge structures, and suppressed the recondensation of reactive intermediates,
thereby facilitating subsequent depolymerization reactions. A CuCoOx
catalyst capable of dynamic in situ reconstruction was introduced
for catalytic hydrogenolysis. Under reaction conditions, partial reduction
of CuCoOx generated reconstructed Cu 0 -CoOx interfacial
active sites, where the synergistic interaction between metallic Cu
and defect-rich CoOx promoted H 2 activation and selective
C–O bond cleavage. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations
further revealed that interfacial electron redistribution at the Cu
cluster/Vo-Co 3 O 4 (311) interface facilitated
H 2 activation and stabilized reactive hydrogen species.
These findings provide new mechanistic insights into pretreatment-regulated
and interface-controlled hydrogenolysis pathways for the efficient
valorization of low-rank coal.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Jun Zhao,Chao Jiang,Xiang Ji,Peipei Wang,Leihua Xu,Peizhong Feng,Xuanru Ren
To enhance the anti-oxidation performance of ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) coatings applied on carbon-based materials under extremely high-temperature conditions, HfB 2 -HfSi 2 powders modified with a Zr-based borosilicate glass (BSG) were employed to fabricate HfB 2 -HfSi 2 -BSG(ZrO 2 ) composite coatings via self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). A systematic investigation was conducted into the microstructural changes and the oxygen-barrier strengthening mechanism of the Zr-based borosilicate-modified HfB 2 -HfSi 2 coating when exposed to 1700 °C. The findings indicated that the introduction of ZrO 2 facilitated the in-situ development of an oxidized Zr-Hf-Si-O multiphase glassy layer on the surface, which significantly reinforced the blocking of inward oxygen diffusion and the retention of volatile reaction products. The optimal overall oxidation resistance of the coating was achieved when the BSG:ZrO 2 proportion was set to 1:1. The average oxidation rate and the average oxygen permeability were 0.41 × 10 −7 g cm −2 s −1 and 0.09%, which were 61.68% and 82.0% lower than those of the coating without ZrO 2 addition. However, doping with an excess of ZrO 2 caused the glass layer to exhibit an overly high viscosity and induced dendritic precipitation, which consequently compromised self-healing sealing capability. This study reveals the oxygen-barrier mechanism of HfB 2 -HfSi 2 -BSG(ZrO 2 ) coatings, offering a new strategy for long-life oxidation-resistant coatings in extreme environments.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 5
·294
·
IF 5.4
Xu Xiaowen,Liu Tiandi,Ma Tenghe,Li Tengfei,Wang Jing
A smartphone-assisted colorimetric sensing platform was developed for the sensitive detection of sulfites based on a cobalt single-atom nanozyme (Co-N-C). The nanozyme was synthesized via high-temperature pyrolysis of bimetallic Zn/Co-ZIF precursors, resulting in atomically dispersed Co active sites anchored on a nitrogen-doped carbon framework. Benefiting from the well-defined catalytic centers, Co-N-C exhibits exceptional oxidase-like activity, efficiently catalyzing the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into a blue product (oxTMB). The presence of sulfites triggers rapid discoloration through a dual mechanism involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and the direct reduction of oxTMB. Under optimized conditions, the proposed assay demonstrates a wide linear range of 0.5–80 µM with a low detection limit of 0.066 µM. To eliminate potential interference from biothiols such as glutathione, a selective masking strategy using N-(2-hydroxyethyl)maleimide (HEMI) was introduced. Furthermore, integration with smartphone-based RGB analysis enables portable and instrument-free quantification. The platform was successfully applied to real food samples (white sugar, liquor, and bean vermicelli), yielding satisfactory recoveries of 92.6%-104.0%. This work highlights the potential of single-atom nanozymes in developing low-cost, portable sensing platforms for practical food safety monitoring.
Section
Graphical abstract
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Shaohua Liu,Xiaoqin Ma,Xifa Long,Yun Yang
Comprehensive Summary Birefringent crystals exhibit significant advantages in the field of polarization state modulation due to their unique optical anisotropy properties. The property optimization between bandgap and birefringence depends on the crystal structure, which is always a key scientific problem in the field of functional crystal materials design. In this work, the fluorination-oriented strategy was applied to the design of crystals with large birefringence and deep ultraviolet (DUV) cutoff edges. By introducing the fluorinated [SiF 6 ] octahedron, the arrangement orientation of the π-conjugated [C(NH 2 ) 3 ] groups was accurately regulated, thereby achieving the design and preparation of a new crystal [C(NH 2 ) 3 ] 2 SiF 6 with a large bandgap (6.34 eV) and large birefringence (0.16 @546 nm). In addition, [C(NH 2 ) 3 ] 2 SiF 6 (GSF) can obtain large-sized crystals through a simple water solution evaporation method, and it has unique advantages such as low cost and easy growth. The synergistic mechanism between the core factors of significant birefringence and wide bandgap in [C(NH 2 ) 3 ] 2 SiF 6 was revealed through experimental characterization and theoretical calculation. This work provides promising candidates with exceptional properties for DUV applications.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 5.8
Qiwen Chen,Yulun Chen,Qingrun Liu,Shaofeng Yuan,Hang Yu,Weirong Yao
Monitoring cold chain temperatures is essential for ensuring the safety of food, the efficacy of drugs, and the stability of vaccines. However, existing methods face challenges, including the lack of real-time monitoring, concerns over data accuracy, and environmental interference. To resolve these challenges, a kind of thermochromic materials (TCMs) was developed to undergo phase changes above a specific threshold of −18 °C. These TCMs were synthesized with a precise mass ratio of organic solvents, comprising 96 % undecane and 4 % n-dodecanol. The TCMs were applied as coatings on paper to generate Quick Response (QR) codes, intended for identifying real-time temperature fluctuations. Exposure to temperatures exceeding −18 °C for an extended period induced fading and blurring in QR code patterns, rendering them unrecognizable even upon reversion to −18 °C or below. The visual response system can be employed for dynamic, intelligent temperature monitoring within cold chain logistics.
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2025
·
IF 7.9
Jinnuo Yang,Jiahui Lv,Yanqing Feng,Jiang Yan,Shuo Zhao,Yang Liu,Lei Zu,Huiqin Lian
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) attract widespread attention as promising energy storage devices owing to their superior energy density, excellent cycle life, and absence of memory effect. However, they still encounter challenges in high-rate performance and structural stability, necessitating further optimization. This study focuses on a composite anode material constructed from black phosphorus (BP), tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), and ultra-high-purity whisker carbon nanotubes (UWCNTs) (BP-WS 2 -UWCNTs). The research investigates the regulatory effects of phosphorus–carbon (P–C) and phosphorus–sulfur (P–S) bonds at the material interface on electrochemical performance. Characterization indicates the establishment of P–C and P–S bonds at the composite interface, which enhance structural integrity and improve electron/ion transport capabilities. Electrochemical performance evaluations validate the combined effect of these interfacial bonds: at 2.0 A g −1 , the BP-WS 2 -UWCNTs anode delivers 605.8 mAh g −1 for 2000 cycles, and retains 252.2 mAh g −1 after 3000 cycles even at 15.0 A g −1 , exhibiting remarkable rate performance and prolonged cycling durability. In practical applications of LIBs, the composite anode maintains robust structural integrity and outstanding electrochemical performance. This work highlights that the combined effect of interfacial P–C and P–S chemical linkages effectively facilitates lithium-ion diffusion and stabilizes the electrode structure, offering valuable insights and viable strategies for advancing high-capacity anode design in LIBs.
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