POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
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2018
·Vol. 29
·期 7
·2002-2009
·
IF 2.137
Man Xi,Yang Jiang
A series of methoxypolyethylene glycol-terminated self-fluorescent polyurethane multi-block copolymers with excellent pH-responsivity, self-fluorescence, and biocompatibility are designed and synthesized. In our design, 1, 4-bis (hydroxyethyl) piperazine is chosen as a pH-responsive segment which can donate or accept protons in response to the change of environmental pH, and fluorescein isothiocyanate is used as a fluorescent dye conjugated into the micelles to offer self-fluorescence. The chemical structure of the polyurethane multi-block copolymers is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results of the acid-based titration, the fluorescence spectrometry, and the ultraviolet visible spectroscopy indicate that the polyurethane multi-block copolymers own an excellent pH-buffering capacity responded to the change of pH values and the favorable self-fluorescence property in an aqueous solution. And the ultraviolet absorption peaks of samples are strengthened with increasing of pH values, indicating that methoxypolyethylene glycol-terminated self-fluorescent polyurethane multi-block copolymer can be a pH-dependent fluorescent probe in a broad pH range. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity test showed that the polyurethane multi-block copolymer has low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility, which make it a promising nanoplatform for molecular imaging, diagnosis, and treatment of disease.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
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2018
·Vol. 29
·期 8
·2245-2252
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IF 2.137
Lin Tong,Yakai Feng,Xujun Sun,Ying Han,Dongshun Jiao,Xiaohua Tan
The encapsulation of high power light emitting diode (LED) needs the silicone resins to have relative high refractive index and thermal-aging properties. Herein, high refractive index adamantane-based phenyl epoxy-silicone (APES) resins for LED encapsulation were synthesized by the sol-gel condensation of 1-adamantane methanol propyltrimethoxysilane-3-urethane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propytrimethoxysilane and diphenylsilanediol. These adamantane-based silicone resins have multifunctional groups including adamantyl group, phenyl group, and epoxy group in order to meet the various requirements for LED encapsulation. Importantly, the adamantane group in the silicone resins benefits for high refractive index and anti-thermal properties. These APES resins were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. When APES resins were cured by methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, they showed relatively high refractive index of 1.56, high hardness, and high thermal resistance. The encapsulated LED demonstrated high adhesion properties by red-ink tests. These merits make adamantane-based silicone resins promising candidates as LED encapsulation materials.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 5
·1360-1371
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IF 2.137
Lei Zheng,Hui Wang,Xiaomin Cheng
In this study, a series of imprinted poly(methacrylic acid- co -ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) nanocarriers for diclofenac and corresponding nonimprinted polymer nanocarriers have been synthesized in 4 different types of solvents by precipitation polymerization. The products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurement. Results showed that uniformly sized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanospheres with relatively good porosity could only be obtained in acetonitrile. The effects of solvents on the recognition and release properties of polymer particles were also carefully investigated. The binding experiments indicated that MIPs prepared in acetonitrile displayed much higher binding capacity than other MIPs with a maximum binding capacity of 65.18 mg g −1 . The Scatchard analysis showed that synthetic MIPs have special recognition sites for diclofenac, while nonimprinted polymers have not. The Sips model could provide a best fit to the equilibrium data of nanocarriers over whole concentrations. The experimental data of an adsorption kinetic study were well fitted to the pseudo–second-order kinetic model, indicating the chemisorption mechanism between diclofenac and MIPs in the process of adsorption. The drug release of diclofenac from MIPs could well be described by the Ritger-Peppas model, suggesting a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. In addition, we successfully used MIPs to extract diclofenac at low levels from fetal bovine serum.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 11
·2724-2734
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IF 2.137
Wei Liu,Xiaolian Zhu,Xinlin Yang,Ke Li,Zupeng Yang
An effective polymerization system was developed for the synthesis of highly cross-linked hydrophilic monodispersed microspheres with both the micropores and mesopores inside. A series of poly( N , N ′-methylenebisacrylamide) (PMBA) microspheres with the diameters ranging from 100 to 300 nm were synthesized by distillation precipitation polymerization with N , N -dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as the porogen, acetonitrile as the solvent, and MBA as the cross-linker and monomer. The particle size, morphology, and porosity varied according to the variation of the DMAC content. The porosity was determined by physical adsorption of nitrogen, and reached the maximum at 7.5 vol% of DMAC with the specific surface area at 135.8 m 2 g −1 and the total pore volume at 0.43 cm 3 g −1 . The porous and hydrophilic microspheres showed excellent swelling property in water and adsorption property for the Cd(II) in aqueous solution. Meanwhile, carboxylic groups were incorporated into the porous microspheres to achieve porous poly( N , N ′-methylenebisacrylamide- co -acrylic acid) (P (MBA- co -AA)-P), which exhibited obvious synergies of the pores and functional groups on the adsorption and provided a perspective application of the Cd(II) removal.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 10
·2665-2673
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IF 2.137
Xiaodong Guo,Xin Wang,Xiongrui Liu,Yanyang Zheng,Jianzhong Xu,Haiyun Ma
A phosphazene derivative flame retardant with a highly cross-linked microsphere structure, named poly(cyclotriphosphazene-c-sulfonyldiphenol) (PCPS) microspheres, were synthesized by 1-pot reaction and then applied on flame retarded epoxy (EP) resin. The microstructure and chemical composition of PCPS microspheres were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and element mapping. The thermal stability of PCPS microspheres and PCPS/EP composites was explored through thermogravimetric analysis. Thermogravimetric data showed that the PCPS microspheres have excellent thermal stability, and the char yield is about 43% at the end of 800°C. The incorporation of PCPS microspheres significantly increased the char yield of PCPS/EP composites. The flammability was investigated by limited oxygen index tests and cone calorimeter. The limited oxygen index value of PCPS/EP composite was increased to 29.8 from 26.6 when 3 wt% of PCPS microspheres was added. Compared with neat EP, the flame retardancy was greatly improved. The peak heat release rate and smoke production rate of PCPS/EP composites were reduced by 45.0% and 43.6%, respectively. The mechanical properties including tensile strength and modulus were both improved due to the enhancement of PCPS microspheres. The PCPS microspheres act as a dual function for improving both the flame resistance and mechanical strength of PCPS/EP system.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 7
·1922-1929
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IF 2.137
Yuanyuan Song,Lishuai Zong,Feng Bao,Guiyang Li,Zuoqiang Wu,Nan Li,Jinyan Wang,Xigao Jian
The effects of inorganic particles such as Al 2 O 3 and B 4 C on the solidification kinetics and heat resistance of phthalonitrile resin were investigated. The properties of the blends and the cured products were tested by rheometer, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results revealed that B 4 C and Al 2 O 3 inorganic particles could prolong the gel time of phthalonitrile resin and broaden the processing window. The curing kinetic analysis showed that the presence of the particles could significantly reduce the curing activation energy of phthalonitrile resins by 72.38 kJ/mol down to 43.03 kJ/mol. Meanwhile, the heat resistance of the phthalonitrile resin was improved. Among them, the blend system combined with 30% B 4 C showed prominent thermoresistance. And while the T d5% weight loss temperature was 600°C, char yield at 1000°C was higher than 86% under nitrogen atmosphere; while the T d5% weight loss temperature was 581°C, char yield at 1000°C was higher than 80% under air atmosphere. Hence, the resulting resins were good candidate matrix of high-temperature structural composites.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 7
·2147-2160
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IF 2.137
Ping Zhu,Zhongji Gu,Shu Hong,Hailan Lian
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are emerging as a new and green high-efficient flame retardant. But LDHs aggregate seriously because of their hydrophilicity, which affect deeply the mechanical and flame retardant properties of their composites. For the first time in this paper, microencapsulated LDHs (MCLDHs) with melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin were prepared by microencapsulation technology to enhance their compatibility and dispersion within epoxy resin (EP). The mechanical and flame retardant performances of EP/MCLDH composite were studied by comparing with EP/LDH composite. Results showed that the water contact angle of MCLDHs increased from 8.9° to 122.1°, which indicated good compatibility. The particle size of MCLDHs decreased sharply, and more than one-third were up to submicron scale, which can be conducive to dispersion. Moreover, the tensile strength and elongation at break of EP/MCLDHs with different flame retardant contents were higher than those of EP/LDHs. And the addition of MCLDHs increased the glass transition temperature (Tg) of EP/MCLDHs, which meant a strong interfacial interaction. Besides, compared with EP/LDHs, the limiting oxygen index values of EP/MCLDHs were higher, and its peak of heat release rate and total heat release decreased by 16.3% and 5.5% respectively. EP/MCLDHs achieved from V-1 to V-0 rate with the increasing content of MCLDHs from 20% to 30%, while LDHs/EP never passed tests. In the process of heating, H 2 O, CO 2 , and NH 3 released from MCLDHs formed gaseous phase, and the remaining dense char layers and oxides produced condensed phase, which played an important role in inhibiting combustion.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2018
·Vol. 30
·期 1
·101-109
·
IF 2.137
Zongxue Yu,Xia Min,Fei Li,Di Yin,Yixing Peng,Guangyong Zeng
In this study, a novel dopamine modified graphene-based photocatalytic membrane with Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 inserted was fabricated to modify the commercial cellulose acetate membrane via vacuum filtration method. Results showed the reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/poly(dopamine) (PDA)/Bi 12 O 17 Cl 2 -CA photocatalytic composite membrane exhibited 98% removal efficiency for methylene blue (MB) within 100 minutes and 96% removal efficiency for 4-CP within 160 minutes. Importantly, the photocatalytic composite membrane can simultaneously achieve dye degradation and oil-water separation in only one device within a short time. And the as-prepared membrane displayed great antifouling performance and recyclability after 10 cycles. Meanwhile, the membrane showed excellent stability in the agitated water bath or different pH conditions. In summary, the photocatalytic membrane investigated in this study opens new avenue for treatment of wastewater.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 30
·期 7
·1865-1877
·
IF 2.162
Jianxian Zeng,Zhe Zhang,Hu Zhou,Guoqing Liu,Yuan Liu,Lingwei Zeng,Jian Jian,Zhengqiu Yuan
While conventional approaches have been studied for removal of ruthenium(III) ions (Ru(III)), this work focuses on the applicability of ion-imprinted poly(methyl methacrylate-vinyl pyrrolidone)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) blending membranes (Ru(III)–ion-imprinted membrane[IIM]) for selective removal of Ru(III) from acidic water solutions. In order to measure the effectiveness of these imprinted membranes, after fabrication, binding experiments were done with aqueous Ru(III) solutions. The results showed that Ru(III)-IIMs were fabricated successfully at various blending ratios, and their chemical components, microstructures, hydrophilicity, and water fluxes were measured. In pH range 0.5 to 5.0, binding capacity ( Q e ) of Ru(III) onto Ru(III)-IIM increases remarkably with pH and then reaches to a maximum value (53.52 mg/g) at pH 1.5. After that, Q e gradually decreases. Compared with a nonimprinted membrane, Ru(III)-IIM demonstrates higher selectivity for Ru(III) at pH 1.5 in the presence of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions, and its selectivity coefficients for Ru(III)/Ni(II) and Ru(III)/Cu(II) are 3.70 and 3.32, respectively. Also, Ru(III)-IIM shows a good chemical stability and reusability. C─N and C═O bonds within poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) segments of poly(methyl methacrylate-vinyl pyrrolidone) (P(MMA-VP)) participate the uptake of Ru(III). Ru(III)-IIM exhibited excellent hydrophilicity and Ru(III) selective adsorption ability and reusability and has potential to be used for Ru(III) removal from acidic water solutions.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 30
·期 7
·1818-1824
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IF 2.162
Yufeng Huang,Yakai Feng,Xujun Sun,Ying Han,Dongshun Liu,Xiaohua Tan
Organic silicones have been used as encapsulant materials for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for many years, while their performances need to be improved in order to satisfy the requirements of high-power LEDs. A ZrO 2 /silicone hybrid resin (ZHR) was synthesized for LEDs encapsulation by in situ sol-gel reactions. The oligosiloxane was synthesized as polymeric matrix by nonaqueous sol-gel condensation using diphenylsilanediol (DPSD), vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), and 3-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) as monomers. Then zirconium propoxide was added into this polymeric matrix to be hydrolyzed to obtain the hybrid resin with a uniform dispersion of ZrO 2 nanoparticles. The Si–O–Zr covalent bond was detected and benefited for excellent dispersibility of the ZrO 2 nanoparticles and the well compatibility between organic and inorganic phases. The cured ZHR with 5 wt% ZrO 2 content showed high light transmittance (greater than 80% in visible light range), high refractive index (=1.56), and high thermal stability (no yellowing at 150°C for 240 hours). The luminous flux of the LED chip with ZHR encapsulant was 10% higher than that of the pure silicone resin, suggesting that ZHR has great application potential in the field of LED packaging.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 30
·期 9
·2331-2339
·
IF 2.162
Hao Tang,ZongMin Zhu,Rui Chen,JunJie Wang,Hong Zhou
A novel DOPO-based pyrazine derivative 6-((2-hydroxyphenyl)(pyrazin-2-ylamino)methyl)dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide (DHBAP) was triumphantly synthesized by a two-step addition reaction using 2-aminopyrazine, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) as reactants, and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 1 H NMR. Afterwards, the addition type flame retardant (DHBAP) was utilized to modify epoxy resin (EP) by blending method. When the content of DHBAP in neat EP was 8 wt%, it reached to the V-0 rating and the limited oxygen index (LOI) value up to 34.0%. Furthermore, according to the cone calorimeter (CC) test results, the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), smoke produce rate (SPR) and total smoke production (TSP) of EP/8% DHBAP decreased by 26.3%, 21.3%, 37.0% and 60.9% when compared with neat EP, respectively, indicating that DHBAP had good inhibition on heat and smoke releases. Eventually, the flame-retardant mechanism of DHBAP was further explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results showed that DHBAP had good flame-retardant activity in the gasous-condensed two phases.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2018
·Vol. 30
·期 2
·264-278
·
IF 2.137
Xiwei Xu,Sheng Wang,Songqi Ma,Wangchao Yuan,Qiong Li,Jie Feng,Jin Zhu
Flame retardants from vanillin when utilized together with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) yield excellent synergistic flame retardancy toward epoxy resins. Bisphenol A epoxy resins have been widely used due to their excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, electrical properties, adhesion, etc., while they are flammable. Environment-friendly and bio-based flame retardants have captured increasing attention due to their ecological necessity. In this paper, 3 bio-based flame retardants were synthesized from abundant and more importantly renewable vanillin, and their chemical structures were determined by 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR. They were used together with APP (an environment-friendly commercial flame retardant) to improve the fire resistance of bisphenol A epoxy resin. With the addition APP content of 15 phr, the modified bisphenol A epoxy resin could reach UL-94V0 rating during vertical burning test and limit oxygen index values of above 35%, but reducing APP content to 10 phr, the flame retardancy became very poor. With the total addition content of 10 phr, the epoxy resins modified by 7 to 9 phr APP and 1 to 3 phr bio-based flame retardants with epoxy groups or more benzene rings showed excellent flame retardancy with UL-94V0 rating and limit oxygen index values of around 29%. The T g s of the epoxy resins could be remained or even increased after introducing bio-based flame retardants, as the control; those of APP alone-modified epoxy resins compromised a lot. The green synergistic flame-retardant systems have a great potential to be used in high-performance materials.
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高影响因子
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