Polymers
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 12
·1658
·
IF 4.9
Chenkun Yu,Ze Liang,Ruoyao Zhou,Tingting Gao,Zhaojiang Wang,Xiaoxia Cai,Qian Lu,Cong Li,Jinshui Yao,Qinze Liu
Chromium (III) ions are essential for biological functions, whereas chromium (VI) ions (Cr (VI)) pose toxicity risks to both humans and animals. Therefore, it is crucial to remove these ions from industrial sources. In this work, to remove hazardous Cr (VI) from wastewater or convert it to Cr (III), catechol-modified alkali lignin (CAL) was prepared using catechol, acetone, and alkali lignin, which is a byproduct in the paper-pulping process. The sample was characterized using a combination of techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Various factors influencing the adsorption behavior of CAL were investigated. The adsorption behavior aligns with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and adheres to the Langmuir isotherm model. CAL simultaneously achieves Cr (VI) adsorption (498.4 mg/g) and reduction (54.6% to Cr (III)), surpassing single-function lignin adsorbents by integrating catechol’s redox capacity with lignin’s structural stability, which is another way to efficiently utilize Cr (VI) solutions. The mechanism of adsorption and reduction is discussed, which is influenced by its functional groups. In brief, this method paves a new path for the utilization of alkali lignin and provides novel opportunities for the removal of Cr (VI) contamination.
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高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2025
·
IF 14.1
Zewei Ye,Haomeng Yu,Hongxia Xie,Wenwen Zhu,Shitao Shi,Chencong Liu,Yuanyuan Wang,Jiaqi Liao,Qingfeng Sun,Dawei Zhao,Xiaoping Shen
Ionogel intended for fire environments encounters considerable challenges stemming from intrinsic limitations, such as inadequate heat resistance and potential damage to their structural networks. Here, a glycol lignin ionogel (GLI) with integrated flame-retardant, waterproof, and sensing capabilities for smart firefighting auxiliary equipment is presented. The ionogel, synthesized from the molecular network construction of Gly-lignin, 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazole tetrafluoroborate (BVIMBF 4 ), and benzyl methacrylate (BZMA), forms a stable and elastic 3D conductive network through both chemical and physical crosslinking. This structure imparts remarkable mechanical properties, including considerable adhesion (30.4 kPa on flame-retardant gloves), tensile strength (5.8 MPa), and high ionic conductivity. Notably, through the formation of a protective carbonized/B₂O₃ layer and chemical barrier gases during combustion, the ionogel exhibits excellent flame retardancy, with a weight loss of 41.8% at 800 °C. Additionally, GLI achieves real-time thermal sensing via its negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior (TCR = −0.58% °C −1 ). Even after exposure to fire, GLI retains its temperature and motion-sensing capabilities. Moreover, GLI demonstrates favorable biocompatibility and environmental degradability, broadening its applicability in sustainable and wearable electronics. The work provides new insights for the preparation of the next generation of fireproof multifunctional intelligent sensors.
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Water Research X
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Weihong Xu,Haibei Li,Zhongwei Yang,Tianjiao Chen,Shuqing Zhou,Yue Zhao,Danyang Shi,Dong Yang,Junwen Li,Min Jin
High turbidity, attributed to suspended solids and colloidal particles, can lead to microbiological control failure during water disinfection. Lignin, a naturally occurring particle suspended in water, may contribute to turbidity. However, its ability to adsorb bacteria and protect them from chlorination remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated Escherichia coli inactivation by NaClO in the presence and absence of natural particles. Among the five tested microparticles, lignin significantly enhanced E. coli survival under NaClO exposure, diminishing its bactericidal effect. Furthermore, surviving bacteria showed upregulation of gene expression related to energy metabolism and oxidative stress, as indicated by transcriptional analysis and qPCR measurements. These findings were further supported by increased ATP content, decreased ROS levels, and a prolonged lag phase in growth curves, enabling bacteria to rapidly restore their growth activity. Further analysis revealed that E. coli binds to the surface of lignin through hydrophobic interactions involving hydroxyl, methyl, aromatic rings, and ether groups. Lignin exhibited a strong bacterial adsorption capacity, as described by pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetics and the Freundlich model, leading to reduced membrane permeability to NaClO. Importantly, the protective effect of lignin on bacteria was positively correlated with its hydrophobicity, with greater hydrophobicity resulting in enhanced bacterial protection. These findings suggest that lignin significantly increases E. coli resistance to chlorination, potentially contributing to disinfection failure in water treatment. This study highlights the role of lignin as a potential hazard that compromises microbiological control, offering new insights into chlorination failure caused by turbidity.
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Polymers
·
2018
·Vol. 10
·期 8
·840
·
IF 2.935
Airong Xu,Lin Chen,Xingmin Xu,Zhihong Xiao,Rukuan Liu,Ruixue Gao,Mengzhen Yuan,Luwei Zhang
Four novel choline carboxylate aqueous solution systems were developed by mixing H2O with choline nicotinate [Ch][Na], choline ferulate [Ch][Fa], choline vanillate [Ch][Va] and choline syringate [Ch][Sa]. The solubility of lignin in the four solvents was determined at 25 °C. The influence of the molar ratio of H2O to [Ch][Na] ([Ch][Fa], [Ch][Va] and [Ch][Sa]) and the anionic structure on lignin solubility were systematically investigated. It was found that, the anionic structure and H2O content significantly affected lignin dissolution. Interestingly, H2O/[Ch][Na] and H2O/[Ch][Fa] solvents show efficient capacity for lignin dissolution even at room temperatures. The dissolution of lignin in H2O/[Ch][Na] and H2O/[Ch][Fa] solvents is mainly ascribed to the interaction of lignin with the alkyl chain in the anion and cation dissociated from [Ch][Na]([Ch][Fa]) by H2O. In addition, the recycling of the lignin solvent was examined, and the structure and thermostability of the lignin regenerated from the solvent were also estimated.Keywords:lignin;H2O/choline carboxylate solvent;dissolution mechanism;recycling;regenerated lignin properties
研究领域:
化学工程
·
生物质科学
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Food Packaging and Shelf Life
·
2026
·
IF 10.8
Guitao Du,Xiaoqian Zhang,Jie Zou,Hao Hu,Yuqing Sun,Zepeng Lei,Xiaohui Wang
Achieving sustainable superhydrophobic surfaces remains a major challenge due to the pervasive use of fluorinated, silane, or nanoparticle-based modifiers that rely on toxic or non-degradable components and organic solvents. Here, we report an all-biomass, aqueous strategy for constructing multifunctional superhydrophobic coatings based on lignin-containing dissolution-regenerated nanocellulose (LDNC). LDNC, prepared via the co-dissolution and co-regeneration of cellulose and lignin, exhibits excellent water dispersibility and amphiphilicity. This unique structure enables stable emulsification of beeswax and facile spray fabrication of an all-biobased superhydrophobic coating. The resulting coated paper exhibits excellent water resistance and moisture barrier properties, effectively preventing food deterioration under high humidity and extending shelf life. Additional functionalities such as photothermal de-icing and antibacterial activity are imparted, making the coating highly suitable for food packaging. Together, this work introduces a solvent-free, fully bio-based pathway to superhydrophobic coatings, bridging functionality with sustainability and offering a scalable route toward next-generation green surface protection and packaging materials.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.621
Yingtuan Zhang,Hao Pang,Daidong Wei,Jialin Li,Simin Li,Xiuju Lin,Fei Wang,Bing Liao
Lignin was used herein to prepare chemical grouting materials as replacements for petroleum-based epoxy precursors. Demethylation, phenolation, and hydroxymethylation were conducted and the products were characterized via FT-IR, 1 H NMR, and GPC. A quantitative NMR method was used to study the precise changes in the functional group composition. Raw lignin (RL), demethylated lignin (DML), phenolated lignin (PHL), and hydroxymethylated lignin (HML) were respectively reacted with epichlorohydrin to synthesize various lignin epoxy resin (LEP), including raw lignin epoxy resin (RLEP), demethylated lignin epoxy resin (DMLEP), phenolated lignin epoxy resin (PHLEP), and hydroxymethylated lignin epoxy resin (HMLEP). With LEP as feedstocks, new grouting materials were prepared and the effects of the RLEP content and the LEP variants were investigated. The results demonstrated that the prepared lignin epoxy grouting resin had outstanding viscosity and mechanical properties with RLEP content up to 16%, and this performance greatly exceeded the industry standard. DMLEP, PHLEP, and HMLEP were able to provide better tensile properties, heat-resistance, chemical-resistance and curing performance compared with that achieved with RLEP. Overall, lignin has displayed great potential in replacing petroleum-based materials for the preparation of high-performance chemical grouting materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts
·
2024
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 3.3
Wu Yilu,Su Changsheng,Liao Zicheng,Zhang Gege,Jiang Yongjie,Wang Yankun,Zhang Changwei,Cai Di,Qin Peiyong,Tan Tianwei
Background The effective valorization of lignin and carbohydrates in lignocellulose matrix under the concept of biorefinery is a primary strategy to produce sustainable chemicals and fuels. Based on the reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF), lignin in lignocelluloses can be depolymerized into viscous oils, while the highly delignified pulps with high polysaccharides retention can be transformed into various chemicals. Results A biorefinery paradigm for sequentially valorization of the main components in poplar sawdust was constructed. In this process, the well-defined low-molecular-weight phenols and bioethanol were co-generated by tandem chemo-catalysis in the RCF stage and bio-catalysis in fermentation stage. In the RCF stage, hydrogen transfer reactions were conducted in one-pot process using Raney Ni as catalyst, while the isopropanol (2-PrOH) in the initial liquor was served as a hydrogen donor and the solvent for lignin dissolution. Results indicated the proportion of the 2-PrOH in the initial liquor of RCF influenced the chemical constitution and yield of the lignin oil, which also affected the characteristics of the pulps and the following bioethanol production. A 67.48 ± 0.44% delignification with 20.65 ± 0.31% of monolignols yield were realized when the 2-PrOH:H 2 O ratio in initial liquor was 7:3 (6.67 wt% of the catalyst loading, 200 °C for 3 h). The RCF pulp had higher carbohydrates retention (57.96 ± 2.78 wt%), which was converted to 21.61 ± 0.62 g/L of bioethanol with a yield of 0.429 ± 0.010 g/g in fermentation using an engineered S. cerevisiae strain. Based on the mass balance analysis, 104.4 g of ethanol and 206.5 g of lignin oil can be produced from 1000 g of the raw poplar sawdust. Conclusions The main chemical components in poplar sawdust can be effectively transformed into lignin oil and bioethanol. The attractive results from the biorefinery process exhibit great promise for the production of valuable biofuels and chemicals from abundant lignocellulosic materials.
研究领域:
生物技术
·
化学工程
·
生化工程
·
可再生能源
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CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES
·
2024
·Vol. 40
·期 1
·29-35
·
IF 3.1
Wang Lulin,Cheng Xiaomeng,Dong Minghua,Luan Sen,Wu Yuxuan,Han Buxing,Liu Huizhen
The challenge of breaking 5-5′ bonds in lignin, attributed to their high bonding energy, has prompted the development of a new transformation pathway. Biphenyl, an important model compound for lignin, contains these 5-5′ bonds, making it crucial to devise a strategy for their cleavage in lignin transformation. This study introduces a novel method for transforming biphenyl, involving selective hydrogenation to cyclohexylbenzene by Ni/SiO 2 catalyst, followed by its oxidation to phenol and cyclohexanone through a radical mechanism. Results demonstrate that the catalysts with small particles have strong catalytic activity, while there is little difference in selectivity. The reason for the high selectivity of cyclohexylbenzene is due to the limited adsorption of cyclohexylbenzene on Ni/SiO 2 . This work presents a fresh approach to breaking resilient C—C bonds in lignin.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生资源利用
·
催化科学
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Heliyon
·
2020
·
IF 0
Abeer Alassod,Magdi Gibril,Syed Rashedul Islam,Wanzhen Huang,Guangbiao Xu
With increasing industrial development, frequent oil spillages in water; therefore, it is imperative and challenging to develop absorbents materials that are eco-efficiency, cost-effective, and pollution prevention. In this study, sorbents obtained from Lignin incorporated with Polypropylene in different levels loading 0, 10, 20 % wt using thermally induced phase separation Technique (TIPS). The Polypropylene/Lignin blend monoliths were fabricated and compared in terms of morphological, thermal, and wetting characterizations. The successfully blending of different lignin concentrations with preserved the chemical structure of the polymer was confirmed by FTIR analysis. Thermogravimetric tests displayed that the existence of Lignin has changed the onset temperature (Tonset) of the blending sorbents, decreasing as the loading of Lignin is increased. The contact angle measurement showed a decrease in the hydrophobicity of sorbents with increasing lignin loading, Polypropylene/Lignin blend monoliths showed better absorption toward oils (soybean – engine) as compared to Polypropylene itself. PP10L showed an improvement in the oil sorption capacity around 2 times compared to the Polypropylene. These excellent features make Polypropylene/Lignin blend monoliths more competitive promising candidates than commercial absorbent.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 7
Ziji Deng,Jun Xu,Shiyun Zhu,Maowang Zou,Bin Wang,Wei Zhang,Fengshan Zhang
Carbon-based solid acid catalysts via traditional sulfonation suffer from high energy consumption, severe equipment corrosion, and large acid dosage, which can be solved by proton exchange. In this study, a green macroporous lignin-based carbon solid acid catalyst LS a SS b H was developed. The catalyst's macroporous framework was co-constructed by sodium lignosulfonate (LS), sodium p-aminobenzenesulfonate, and ammonium sulfate via ice-templating, retained after 300 °C low-temperature carbonization. Incompletely decomposed -SO 3 Na groups in the precursor were converted to -SO 3 H active sites via proton exchange, replacing high-temperature sulfonation. This catalyst not only possesses a total acid density of 5.46 mmol/g and a sulfonic acid density of 0.36 mmol/g, but also features a macroporous structure ranging from 60 to 1000 nm. It exhibits excellent performance in catalyzing the conversion of high-concentration fructose (15.4 wt%) to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in DMSO system, achieving a maximum HMF yield of 86.9% under reaction conditions of 150 °C for 120 min, and maintaining a yield of over 70% even after six cycles. Combined with quantum mechanics calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, the formation mechanism of the macroporous carbon framework was clarified. Meanwhile, it was confirmed that the S and N heteroatom doping introduced by sodium p-aminobenzenesulfonate and ammonium sulfate had a positive regulatory effect on the catalytic reaction. Compared to the sulfonation method, solid acids obtained through proton exchange not only retain excellent catalytic activity but are also more environmentally friendly.
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AICHE JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Suyu Zhang,Yongjian Zeng,Chen Zeng,Shuya Jia,Zhiwei Jiang,Peirong Chen,Hector F. Garces,Xiaolei Zhang,Ulrich Simon,Kai Yan
2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol (MMP), a biofuel and flavor, can be produced from lignin-derived vanillin via hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). Herein, CuPd nanoalloys were confined within SBA-15 for vanillin HDO. By tuning Cu/Pd mass ratio, a volcano-like trend in MMP yield and apparent turnover frequency (TOF) was observed. The optimized CuPd nanoalloy catalyst (Cu/Pd = 1) occupied the top position, achieving 96.3% MMP yield within 3 h, with the TOF of 323.5 h −1 , 3 times than that of monometallic Cu catalyst, while other CuPd nanoalloy catalysts, positioned either side, exhibited lower activities. Moreover, it maintained HDO activity over 20 runs, far beyond typical Cu catalysts (~5 runs). Fabricated via microwave-assisted strategy, the catalysts were confirmed by X-ray absorption fine structure and density functional theory calculations to form CuPd nanoalloys with Pd δ- and Cu δ+ pairs, enabling H 2 dissociation and C=O bond activation. This work demonstrates an efficient approach to robust and stable nanoalloy catalysts for biomass upgrading.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 7.6
Haibin Gou,Yu Liu,Shuaihao Sun,Haiyun Huang,Chenguang Wang,Haiyong Wang,Yuhe Liao
Production of jet fuels from renewable biomass is key to decarbonizing the aviation sector. In this work, valorization of the aromatic macromolecule lignin in plant biomass toward monocyclic and fused bicyclic alkanes was proposed. The lignin was first depolymerized toward prop-1-enyl-substituted monomers with high selectivity (>70%) using ethanol as the solvent in the absence of external H2. Alkylation of these monomers with hemicellulose-derived 2-methylfuran using solid acids such as Amberlyst 35 generated alkylation products (yield >80%) along with a small amount of dimers. The alkylation products can be hydrodeoxygenated toward monocyclic alkanes using Ru/C and zeolites, where the product distribution can be controlled by the microporosity of the zeolite. C14 is the major product using Ru/C and mordenite (MOR). The Friedel–Crafts dealkylation of the alkylation products can occur by using Beta and Y zeolites, leading to the formation of more C9. Using the same acid catalyst (i.e., Amberlyst 35) can almost quantitatively convert these monomers toward dimers, which can be hydrodeoxygenated toward fused bicyclic alkanes in the presence of hydrogenation catalysts and zeolites. However, the product distribution can be determined by the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst. C18 was obtained with high yield (>90%) using Pd/C and zeolites such as MOR and alkaline-treated Beta zeolite (Beta-AT). However, C12 was the dominant product (yield of 77.5%) using Raney Ni and alkaline-treated Beta-AT. This work paves a new way for the production of high-density cycloalkanes from recalcitrant lignin.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）