CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Pengxiao Liu,Xiangyu Chen,Chenming Wang,Xinyue Cui,Hou Chen,Liangjiu Bai,Wenxiang Wang,Kai Wei,Huawei Yang,Lixia Yang
Conventional hydrogels are prone to freezing in severe cold climates, limiting the application of hydrogel-based flexible sensors. This study proposes a strategic design that successfully prepares humic acid-based anti-freezing hydrogels via a one-pot method, which is named P-HPCB hydrogels. It combines modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs@BSA), natural organic humic acid (HA), the biomass component L-proline (L-P) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) through freeze–thaw cycles. By the way, CNCs@BSA was obtained by grafting bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). The –OH groups in HA and L-P bind with free H 2 O molecules, reducing the freezing point of the hydrogels to −35.7 °C, effectively solving the problem of low-temperature freezing. Meanwhile, the addition of CNCs@BSA enhances the maximum tensile stress of the P-HPCB hydrogels to 3.6 MPa and achieves a self-healing efficiency of 86.1%. The flexible sensors constructed with P-HPCB hydrogels can accurately detect and respond to human motion signals even at an extreme low temperature of −30.0 °C, demonstrating excellent sensitivity and stability. This provides insights for the application of hydrogel flexible sensors under severe cold conditions.
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FUEL
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2024
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IF 6.7
Yimin Xiong,Xuepeng Wang,Wei Deng,Peiyong Ma,Kai Xu,Jun Xu,Long Jiang,Yi Wang,Sheng Su,Jianlan Li,Song Hu,Jun Xiang
Biomass oxidative pyrolysis introduces restricted oxygen into the reaction zone, realizing autothermal pyrolysis to address the heat supply challenges inherent in large-scale applications. However, heavy components (>200 Da) in bio-oil are critical precursors that lead to coke formation upon heating, which hinders the utilization of bio-oil. In this study, the conventional and oxidative pyrolysis experiments of cellulose, hemicellulose , and lignin in a fix-bed reactor were conducted at temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 800 °C, aiming to investigate the evolution of heavy components in bio-oil during biomass oxidative pyrolysis. The results showed that the addition of oxygen promoted the generation of bio-oil. Compared to conventional pyrolysis, the addition of oxygen mostly increased the yields of cellulose-oil, hemicellulose-oil, and lignin-oil by 28.21 %, 10.94 %, and 16.84 %, respectively. Further comprehensive analysis revealed that oxygen promoted the depolymerization of three components at a lower temperature range (< 500 °C). With increasing temperatures, oxygen enhanced the polymerization of volatiles from cellulose and lignin, where oxygen, acting as a binder, promoted the generation of phenolic compounds of heavy components in lignin-oil. Conversely, as the temperature increased, oxygen enhanced the oxidative decomposition of volatiles from hemicellulose, inhibiting the generation of heavy components in hemicellulose-oil. To sum up, this study presented a global evolution route of heavy components in bio-oil during oxidative pyrolysis of three components.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2024
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IF 10.7
Juan Long,Zhiqiang Li,Tuhua Zhong
Surface functionalization of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) is crucial for expanding their practical application. However, most functionalization processes are complicated and laborious. Herein, this work presents a facile surface engineering strategy to create a range of functionalized CNF via thiol-ene click reaction. Initially, clickable CNF was produced by grafting a compound with both carboxylate- and norbornene groups onto bamboo cellulose via norbornene-dicarboxylic anhydride esterification followed by homogenization. The introduction of negatively charged carboxylates facilitated nanofibrillation, resulting in CNF with a diameter of 3 nm and an aspect ratio of up to 600. The introduction of norbornenes enabled diverse functionalization of CNF through click reaction. Subsequently, hexadecanethiol successfully clicked with norbornene-grafting CNF, enhancing its hydrophobicity and dispersion in organic solvents. 7-mercapto-4-methyl coumarin was also able to click with norbornene-grafting CNF, yielding fluorescence-labeled CNF while maintaining excellent aqueous dispersibility. The fluorescence-labeled CNF was demonstrated to be utilized as an eco-friendly sensor for the detection of Fe 3+ ions. Additionally, it could be converted into fluorescent films or intelligent inks suitable for anti-counterfeiting purposes. This study demonstrates that the proposed surface engineering strategy provides an effective approach for producing clickable CNF and fabricating cellulosic materials with diverse functionalities that meet the demands of various applications.
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Small Methods
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2025
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IF 9.1
Linhu Li,Guimin Liu,Shicheng Wei,Qing Zhang,Ruidong Shi,Yujiang Wang,Bo Wang,Zhen Liu,Kening Huang,Xinyang Wang,Yong Zhang
The continuous advancement of electronic devices, driven by trends toward miniaturization, reduced weight, higher integration, and multifunctionality, imposes stringent requirements on the performance of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials. Traditional EMW absorbers, such as metals, face significant drawbacks, including high density and rigidity, which limit their broader application in EMW absorption. To overcome these issues, cellulose is employed as the matrix, incorporating nickel ferrite (NiFe 2 O 4 ) nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as functional fillers. The ferrite/CNT/cellulose aerogels (NCCAs) are fabricated through ionic crosslinking and room-temperature drying techniques. The results show that the porous structure of NCCA enhances multiple scattering and energy dissipation pathways for EMWs, while CNTs provide excellent electrical dissipation. The content of NiFe 2 O 4 nanocrystals strongly influences the aerogel's saturation magnetization and the electromagnetic parameters of the NCCAs, primarily owing to their superior dielectric and magnetic loss properties. Notably, when the content of NiFe 2 O 4 nanocrystals is 4% of the cellulose mass, the NCCA achieves the lowest reflection loss of −66.53 dB at 16.11 GHz, and lower than most reported ferrite-based EMW absorbers. This work provides valuable insights and guidance for the design of novel aerogel-based EMW absorbers with lightweight properties, strong absorption intensities, and broad absorption frequency bands.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2024
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IF 4.9
Danish Iqbal,Raza Ullah,Muhammad Ilyas Sarwar,Renhai Zhao,Xin Ning
A cotton linter-based source was used to form conjugate electrospun membranes composed of cuprammonium cellulose, polyethylene oxide, and polyacrylonitrile for the removal of the anionic and cationic dyes from aqueous media. The highest removal efficiencies of 94 %, 89.9 %, 87.4 % were achieved for the anionic dyes Congo red (CR), Metanil yellow (MY), and Methyl orange (MO), respectively, and less so on the cationic dyes Crystal violet (CV), and Rhodamine B (RB) were 55.8 % and 15.1 %, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model effectively described the adsorption kinetics for both types of dyes. The composite membrane exhibited adsorption behaviors following the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isothermal model. Thermodynamics study suggests that the adsorption process was spontaneous except for the RB dye. The activation energy values of CR, MY, MO, CV, and RB dyes were 27.65, 21.17, 11.50, 10.47, and 71.12 kJ/mol, respectively, confirming the physisorption phenomenon for CR, MY, MO, and CV dyes, while chemisorption occurs for RB dyes. This study investigates the potential of a conjugate electrospun membranes as a reusable adsorbent for dye removal. The effects of solution pH, temperature, and dye concentration on adsorption performance were systematically evaluated. The conjugate electrospun membrane efficiency declined by only 10 % after undergoing five adsorption/desorption cycles.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Lujie Wang,Hao Shen,Haodong Zhang,Dingfeng Xu,Jinping Zhou
Aerogels have been considered as a promising electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials due to their lightweight, compressibility , high elasticity and electrical conductivity . In order to improve their EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), developing carbon aerogel with adjustable microstructure is still an urgent problem. Herein, carbon aerogels were fabricated from bamboo cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/graphene oxide (GO) composites with the layered interconnected structure via bidirectional freezing and carbonization. The prepared aerogels exhibited high mechanical strength in the parallel lamellar direction and excellent compression flexibility in the vertical lamellar direction. After 300 cycles of compression in the vertical lamellar direction, 97% of its original height can be recovered. The absolute shielding effectiveness of anisotropic carbon aerogels could achieve 23,628 dB cm 2 g −1 with an ultralow density (3 mg cm −3 ). This study explores the correlation between the structure of carbon aerogels and their EMI shielding properties, offering an eco-friendly approach to produce lightweight anisotropic carbon aerogels for EMI shielding.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Meng Zhou,Shuo Zhang,Xinya Zhang
The vast majority of conductive polymer composites (CPCs) currently available for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding rely on inorganic conductive fillers to construct conductive networks. However, the strategy inevitably causes some compromises in the biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical properties of CPCs. In this work, the filler-free and high conductive cellulose nanofiber (CNF) composite papers containing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) doped by lithium bis(trifloromethanesulfonyl) imide (Li-TFSI) are reported. The resultant Li-TFSI@PEDOT:PSS/CNF (LPPC) composite papers exhibit an exceptional absolute EMI shielding effectiveness of 14,525.5 dB∙cm −1 , surpassing the reported values of many CPCs-based EMI shielding materials containing inorganic fillers. Li-TFSI can induce the structural reorganization of PEDOT chains. The conductivity of Li-TFSI@PEDOT:PSS was boosted with the enhancement of the crystalline order and oxidation level of PEDOT chains. Furthermore, the obtained LPPC composite papers demonstrate outstanding mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 44.42 MPa and EMI shielding stability with a retention ratio of up to 97 %, which are desirable for EMI shielding in wearable devices. Therefore, this work provides a feasible strategy to construct filler-free CPCs-based EMI shielding materials, which are expected to provide electromagnetic protection for the next flexible devices.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2025
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IF 7.3
Yu Qi,Yuannan Chen,Jian Wang,Qiwen Wang,Xiaohong Wang
The use of cellulose for various value-added chemicals is a promising alternative to fossil resources to reduce their dependence and depletion. The selective conversion of cellulose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is an attractive depolymerization route with great application, which often meets the hindrance of a tough structure, inert activity, and big barriers in mass transfer. To achieve high efficiency and green conversion of cellulose, heterogeneous Pickering interfacial catalysts (PICs) containing polyoxometalates (POMs) had been designed through loading H5PMo10V2O40 (HPMoV) on the organic-decorated silica SiO2(Rn/R5’NH2, m: 1) (Rn represents CnH2n+1, n = 6, 8, and 10; R5’NH2 is C5H10(NH)NH2; m: 1 means the ratio between Rn and R5’NH2) nanoparticles. The versatile catalyst HPMoV(25)/SiO2(R8/R5’NH2, 1:1) could catalyze cellulose conversion into 5-HMF with 96.4% conversion at 150 °C for 5 h with turnover frequency increasing 1.52 times higher than homogeneous HPMoV. The enhancement of catalytic performance could be attributed to several factors: the flexible surface of HPMoV(25)/SiO2(R8/R5’NH2, 1:1), which stabilized the water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion and facilitated cellulose conversion at the H2O/MIBK interface (MIBK is methyl isobutyl ketone); Rn and R5’NH2 of HPMoV can adsorb cellulose to be concentrated, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by redox sites assisted Brønsted (B) acidic sites in accelerating cellulose hydrolysis; and simultaneously, the microball milling effect produced by rough SiO2 nanoparticles, which further enabled rapid cellulose conversion. The excellent performance provided a useful strategy to construct heterogeneous PICs for practical application in chemical transformation and biorefinery, especially overcoming the hindrance in solid–solid mass transfer.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.1
Hongrun Li,Xianyi Zhu,Tianlong He,Chongxian Qu,Qiuling Tian,Haibo Xie,Lijie Hu,Songmiao Liang,Lihua Zhang,Jili Yuan
Catalytic processes have been widely involved in the chemical industry; thus, the design and preparation of sustainable, highly active, and recyclable catalysts is significant toward a sustainable chemical industry. Herein, by taking the particular solution properties of cellulose solution in a 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl guanidine (TMG)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/CO2 solvent system, a straightforward “one-pot” method was developed to prepare the cellulose-suspending TMG-based protic ionic liquid (PIL) hydrogel (CPILH-X) with hydrophilic–hydrophobic changes by simply tuning the molar ratio of succinic anhydride (SA) and 2-dodecen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride (DSA), in which the TMG was not only a solvent component for cellulose dissolution but also a green organo-catalyst for the reaction of cellulose with SA and DSA, as well as a cation component in the formed CPILH-X. CPILH-X was identified as the support for palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) by the impregnation and reduction method, yielding a series of CPILH-X/Pd NPs (Pd@CPILH-X) catalyst. The structure of Pd@CPILH-X was systematically characterized by various characterization technologies. The suspended TMG-based PILs were capable of stabilizing Pd2+ as a nucleation center in the reduction to Pd NPs process, making the Pd NPs well-dispersed in the framework of CPILH-X. Moreover, not only the DSA could improve the hydrophobicity of Pd@CPILH-X but also its long chain structure was capable of preventing the aggregation of Pd NPs. It was found that the catalytic activity of the Pd@CPILH-X was significantly correlated to their hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties when they were used as a catalyst in hydrogenation reaction, and the Pd@CPILH-5 with the highest hydrophobicity exhibited 99% catalytic conversion efficiency in 30 min and superior catalytic recyclability for the typical hydrogenation of styrene.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2025
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IF 12.5
Luzhen Wang,Jing Wei,Muqiu You,Yongcan Jin,Dagang Li,Zhaoyang Xu,Aiping Yu,Junshuai Li,Chuchu Chen
Wood-based hydrogel with a unique anisotropic structure is an attractive soft-and-wet material. However, it remains a challenge to simultaneously achieve robust, multi-functional, and multi-response integrations through a sustainable and green approach. Herein, a bioinspired, additive-free method is reported to fabricate composite hydrogels reinforced by naturally high-strength wood skeleton without using any chemical initiators and crosslinking agents. Specifically, polymers (Polyacrylamide/Polyacrylic acid) are grafted from the surfaces of the aligned cellulose of wood skeleton, forming wood-based hydrogels under UV irradiation. Afterward, Fe 3+ -mediated physical crosslinking is employed further to construct chemically crosslinked poly(acrylamide- co -acrylic acid) networks. Therefore, the resulting initiatorless wood-based hydrogel with a dual-crosslinked network structure exhibits an ultra-high tensile strength of 42 MPa along the longitudinal direction, representing one of the strongest hydrogels ever reported. Furthermore, the wood-based hydrogels with inherent conductive properties appealing versatile sensations on strain, temperature, and light, which could serve as human-motion monitors (detection), thermo-electrochemical sensors, underwater wearable sensors, and smart-home systems. This work offers a green and promising strategy to fabricate robust, anisotropic, flexible, and ionically conductive wood-based hydrogels for multifunctional sensors with excellent performance in complex environments.
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Materials Horizons
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2025
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IF 10.7
Baoqi Li,Mingcong Xu,Bang An,Wenye Sun,Rui Teng,Sha Luo,Chunhui Ma,Zhijun Chen,Jian Li,Wei Li,Shouxin Liu
Dynamic responsive structural colored materials have drawn increased consideration in a wide range of applications, such as colorimetric sensors and high-safety tags. However, the sophisticated interactions among the individual responsive parts restrict the advanced design of multimodal responsive photonic materials. Inspired by stimuli-responsive color change on chameleon skin, a simple and effective photo-crosslinking strategy is proposed to construct hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) based hydrogels with multiple responsive structured colors. By controlling UV exposure time, the structural color of HPC hydrogels can be effectively controlled in a full-color spectrum. At the same time, HPC hydrogels showcase temperature and mechanical dual-responsive structural colors. In particular, the microstructure of HPC hydrogels undergo a transition from chiral nematic phase to nematic phase under the action of external stretching, leading to a significant reflection of circularly polarized light (CPL) to linearly polarized light (LPL). Given the diverse responsiveness exhibited by HPC hydrogels and their unique structural transition properties under external forces, we have explored their potential applications as dynamic anti-counterfeiting labels and optical skins. This work reveals the great possibilities of structural colored cellulose hydrogels in multi-sensing and optical displays, opening up a new path for the exploration of next-generation flexible photonic devices.
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CELLULOSE
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2024
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IF 4.9
Zhang Qing,Dai Ziliang,Zhang Lili,Wang Zhiguo
Complex interactions between cellulose molecules and small molecules of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) can lead to dramatic changes in the structure of the hydrogen bond network in cellulose. However, the molecular and ionic evolution mechanism of DESs on cellulose nanofibrillation is still unclear. In this study, the mechanism and the critical role of ions in DESs on cellulose nanofibrillation were investigated. The results showed that cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with a diameter of less than 200 nm could be prepared directly using DES consisting of lactic acid (LA) and chloride, e.g., LA/ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) or LA/dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC). Using LA/Zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ), CNFs with a diameter of less than 100 nm can be prepared. The Kamlet-Abboud-Taft parameters (KAT value) showed that DESs containing LA had higher hydrogen bond acidity ( α ) than other systems (such as ethylene glycol and urea) without LA, which provided more active protons to improve the proton mobility in the cellulose nanofibrillation. Also, DESs composed of LA and Cl − had high hydrogen bond alkalinity ( β ), which led to great changes in the original hydrogen bond network of cellulose and the formation of a new hydrogen bond structure, thereby easing the dissolution of the cellulose. Thus, the cellulose hydroxy groups could be esterified by the LA under high-temperature moistening conditions, and the CNFs prepared by the DES system containing LA and Cl − had the highest degree of substitution (DS) (up to 0.73 in LA/ZnCl 2 system) after high-temperature moistening.
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