npj Clean Water
·
2025
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 11.4
Zhu Yujiao,Yeung Pui Hong,Lo Tsz Wing,Chai Yao,Wong Yat Lam,Chen Ying,Yang Huaming,Yu Weixing,Zayats Anatoly V.,Xie Fengjia,Zhang Xuming
Photocatalytic water purification is an environmentally sustainable approach, but limited by low efficiency due to challenges with photocatalysts and mass transfer. Optofluidic microreactors can address these constraints, yet optimizing reactor configurations and photocatalyst designs remains challenging. Here, we present a novel planar packed-bed optofluidic microreactor (PPOM) using titanium dioxide nanoflowers (TNFs) decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au/TNFs) and conduct a pilot study on efficient visible light-driven water purification. Compared to TNFs in slurry-mode, the Au/TNFs achieve 46-fold enhancement in photodegradation efficiency due to the plasmonic effect, further boosted to 2,700-fold enhancement in the PPOM configuration by improving surface area, light harvesting, and mass transfer. The PPOM also shows a 7-fold efficiency increase compared to planar film-mode microreactors. Theoretical analysis elucidates the influences of plasmonic effect and reactor configuration on the enhanced photocatalytic activity, emphasizing the potential of integrated optofluidic systems and plasmonic-semiconductor heterostructures for sustainable water treatment and energy applications.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Qiaocan Huang,Zunxian Yang,Yuliang Ye,Zongyi Meng,Zhiwei Zeng,Hongyi Hong,Songwei Ye,Zhiming Cheng,Qianting Lan,Bingqing Ye,Yuanqing Zhou,Zihong Shen,Wenbo Wu,Jiaxiang Wang,Ye Chen,Hui Zhang,Tailiang Guo,Fushan Li,Yongyi Chen,Zhenzhen Weng
Cadmium selenide (CdSe)-based colloidal quantum dots (QDs) exhibit unique properties such as tunable colors, narrow emission, high photoluminescence efficiency, and high stability, making them one of the most promising candidates for next-generation displays. CdSe-based QD light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have attracted more and more attention mainly due to their advantages including high electroluminescence brightness, low turn-on voltage, and ultrathin device structures. However, there are still many challenges, mainly including the lattice defects aroused by lattice strain during the QD growth process and the surface defects caused by ligand desorption. CdSe-based QLEDs with high photoelectronic performance were finally achieved in our work just by optimizing the synthesis processes and further reducing defects in QD shells. There was a great decrease in the defect density of the QD shell indirectly according to their testing results in the fluorescence lifetime and single-carrier devices. After the reaction system was diluted with a solvent in the hot-injection method, there was some blue shift in the QD emission observed from 595 to 562 nm. Then, with the ZnSe shell further coated onto the QD, the size of the effective emission center was reduced to some extent, and further, a blue shift in the emission was obtained with the wavelength down to 533 nm. Finally, on the outside of the as-synthesized QDs, the ZnS shell was used to passivate and further protect the ZnSe layer, which greatly increased the average fluorescence lifetime of the CdSe-based QDs from 22.94 to 36.41 ns. Additionally, a layer of lithium fluoride (LiF) with optimized thickness was further deposited onto the QD emitting layer to prevent ligand desorption from ethanol solvent cleaning. Therefore, the CdSe-based QD fluorescence efficiency was greatly improved and the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8.06% for our CdSe-based QLEDs was achieved with a LiF layer of 3 nm.
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npj Clean Water
·
2025
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 11.4
Chen Yi,Jin Yue,Zhu Honglin,Zhang Haolan,Wei Luyu,Tang Yan,Wang Rui,Zhou Dayu,Gu Jinchuan
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) can be used as a potential photocatalyst for the removal of emerging contaminants (ECs) under visible light (Vis). However, the high carrier recombination rate and aggregation restrict pure MoS 2 application. The hydrothermal method was used to prepare a novel MoS 2 /BaSO 4 /zeolite (Z) composite (MBZ), which was used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) under visible light for sulfadiazine (SDZ) degradation. The MBZ showed a moderate E g value (2.59 eV), indicating good visible-light absorption. The physicochemical and photoelectrochemical properties were analyzed, revealing that the hybrid MBZ significantly enhanced photoinduced carrier generation, separation, and transfer. The MBZ exhibited 2.38-, 3.24-, and 1.36-fold higher SDZ removal reaction rates than Z, BaSO 4 , and MoS 2 in the PMS/Vis system. The addition of EDTA-2Na notably decreased the degradation rate (79.58–89.88%), indicating the significant role of h + . This work provides a new approach to the design of semiconductor/insulator photocatalysts and constructs a promising catalytic oxidation system for the green remediation of EC wastewater.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 12.2
Ran Li,Zhidong Wei,Peng Li,Yangbo Qiu,Chengyi Wang,Chao Wang,Long-Fei Ren,Jiahui Shao,Yiliang He
Emerging contaminants (ECs) in secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have received increasing attention due to their adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Herein, visible-light responsive photocatalyst TM (TiO 2 @NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)) and resultant photocatalytic ultrafiltration (PUF, PVDF/TM) membrane were prepared to remove 32 typical compounds of antibiotics, 296 compounds of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and their corresponding bacterial hosts. The construction of heterojunction photocatalyst promoted the electron transfer from NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe) to TiO 2 and the formation of N-TiO 2 , enhancing visible-light (λ ≥ 420 nm) photocatalytic activity. With highly-hydrophilic surface and delicately-regulated pore structure, the initial water permeance of optimal PUF membrane significantly increased to 3912.2 L/m 2 /h at 1.0 bar. Meanwhile, membrane retention (via adsorption, electrostatic interaction, and steric hindrance) was improved due to the narrowed pore size, highly-negative surface charge and abundant functional groups. Additionally, hydroxyl radical (•OH) was the dominant active reactive oxygen species (ROS) for ECs degradation, and the narrowed pore structure could serve as microreactors to increase ROS concentration and reduce migration distance. Consequently, the removal efficiencies of antibiotics, bacteria and ARGs were 86.5 %, 91.4 % and 91.8 %, respectively. Overall, this novel visible-light-activated PUF membrane expands membrane application, and has great potential in ECs treatment.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Wenhao Zhang,Libin Zhang,Houjin Luo,Ciyuan Huang,Shangfei Yao,Shangjing Li,Lan Shen,Tao Yang,Hongxiang Zhu,Hongmin Sun,Bin Hu,Bingsuo Zou,Tao Liu
With the increasing pollution of water bodies by herbicides, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly photocatalyst using natural light. In this work, we combine the organic heterojunction PBDB-T:BTTIC-TT with biochar to design a low-cost photocatalyst-adsorbent with a higher density of reaction site and reduce the aggregation of the organic catalysts. By tuning the thiophene side chains of the acceptor in organic heterojunction, the visible-light absorption can be enhanced ∼18 % for better catalytic efficiency. The ·O 2 − is verified to play a major role during the photocatalytic process, and the degradation pathway of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol to small carboxylic acids is also revealed. The broader natural light response with the good adsorption of the photocatalyst can effectively enhance the 2,4,6-trichlorophenol removal rate up to 97.4 % within 1 h, and the excellent adaptability over a wide pH range as well as the great stability during 15 catalytic cycles shows the practical applications in the treatment of water bodies with different levels of herbicide pollution.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Wanli Zhang,Meigui Ou,Chunlin Yang
In this paper, erbium-doped gadolinium oxide rare earth oxide nanoparticles (Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ ) with good light absorption capacity from the visible to the infrared region were prepared by polyol method, and then compounded with TiO 2 by hydrothermal method. SEM, TEM, XPS, UV–vis and electrochemical workstation were used to study the morphology, structure, UV–vis light absorption and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ /TiO 2 . The results showed that the Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ spherical nanoparticles with a particle size of about 15 nm were uniformly distributed on the surface of the TiO 2 nanorod array, and the Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ /TiO 2 nanocomposites had good light absorption capacity in the infrared region. Furthermore, the photocurrent densities of Gd 2 O 3 /TiO 2 and Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ /TiO 2 were 2.08 and 2.75 times higher than those of TiO 2 , respectively, manifesting that the broadening of infrared light absorption can improve the PEC property of TiO 2 . Meanwhile, the DFT calculation results showed that the energy band of Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ /TiO 2 was significantly narrower than that of TiO 2 , indicating that Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ /TiO 2 had a redshift phenomenon of UV–vis absorption. The calculation results of state density showed that the f orbital of Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ intersected with the d orbital of TiO 2 , indicating that there is an electron transfer between Gd 2 O 3 :Er 3+ and TiO 2 .
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Xiuhua Yan,Wenxuan Chen,Wen Xiao,Guiyun Yu,Haijun Hou,Chao Liu
The development of green, thorough and high-efficiency photocatalysts for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) degradation is a hot spot in environmental and energy fields. In this work, the H + -restacked H 4 Nb 6 O 17 nanotubes (RHNT) were incorporated with BiOCl plates to successfully construct RHNT/BiOCl (RTB) composites with the 1D/2D heterostructure, which was beneficial to the charge carrier separation. The introduction of oxygen vacancies in RTB composites could promote the effective separation of charge carriers and the generation of reactive active species. The performance of the as-synthesized samples was evaluated by TCH photodegradation under simulated solar light. Compared to RHNT and BiOCl, the RTB composites, with an optimal sample of RTB-7, showed the enhanced photocatalytic activity for TCH degradation. The characterization results revealed that the enhanced TCH photodegradation activity for RTB composites was due to the synergistic effect of heterojunction formation and oxygen vacancies. During TCH photodegradation for RTB-7, the active radical species were determined by the radical trapping experiments and EPR spectra. The possible TCH photodegradation pathways and mechanism over RTB-7 were explored based on the characterization results. This work offers an effective approach for the rational design and construction of 1D/2D heterostructured photocatalysts with a high efficiency.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Xinghao Liu,Nan Li,Xugui Lv,Jingjing Wang,Qingyu Ma,Zheng Xie
Two-dimensional (2D) materials consist of either a single layer or just a few layers of atoms or molecular layers, and their exceptional optoelectronic properties including high carrier mobility, wide spectral absorption range, and optical response from the number of layers. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a small-sized 2D material exhibited unique physical and chemical properties at the quantum scale. In this study, he N, S-doped GQDs (named as Y-GQDs) were synthesized through straightforward solvothermal process using 2,2'-dithiobenzoic acid and o-phenylenediamine as the precursors. The distribution of the prepared GQDs sample was uniform, with height varying between 0.6 and 0.8 nm. The excellent optical properties of Y-GQDs were attributed to the high crystalline graphene structure and rich functional groups including -C-SO 3 -C-, -C-SO 4 -C-, C-N, etc . The optimal excitation and emission wavelengths of Y-GQDs were 380 nm and 535 nm, respectively. Additionally, the multi-color and tunable luminescence characteristics could be achieved by excitation wavelength, solvent, and concentration. Gratifyingly, the N, S-doped GQDs were successfully used to build white light emitting devices via a sol-gel process. The color rendering index reached 83.7 with color temperature of 5306 K, and the GQDs exhibited good optical stability under different driving currents and UV light. This study underscored the significant potential of GQDs in creating promising phosphors for superior lighting applications.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
He Shuai,Lin Weixi,Yu De,Shi Junwei,Yin Zhen,Sun Changjiu,Liu Haoliang,Zhang Chen,Yuan Jianyu,Bai Sai,Xiao Shumin,Long Guankui,Yuan Mingjian,Jiang Yuanzhi,Chen Yimu,Song Qinghai
Realizing high electroluminescence dissymmetric factor and high external quantum efficiency at the same time is challenging in light-emitting diodes with direct circularly polarized emission. Here, we show that high electroluminescence dissymmetric factor and high external quantum efficiency can be simultaneously achieved in light-emitting diodes based on chiral perovskite quantum dots. Specifically, chiral perovskite quantum dots with chiral-induced spin selectivity can concurrently serve as localized radiative recombination centers of spin-polarized carriers for circularly polarized emission, thereby suppressing the relaxation of spins, Meanwhile, improving the chiral ligand exchange efficiency is found to synergistically promote their spin selectivity and optoelectronic properties so that chiroptoelectronic performance of resulting devices can be facilitated. Our device simultaneously exhibits high electroluminescence dissymmetric factor ( R : 0.285 and S : 0.251) and high external quantum efficiency ( R : 16.8% and S : 16%), demonstrating their potential in constructing high-performance chiral light sources.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Hang Liu,Junlong Liu,Yanchang Liu,Zhihao Qu,Siye Tian,Yuhong Zhang
In this work, the ZnO microsphere is prepared by hydrothermal method and modified with different concentrations of Eu. The morphology of ZnO:Eu sample shows flower-like microspheres with many nanosheets. The gas performance of ZnO:Eu microsphere is investigated for detecting NO 2 . Compared with pure ZnO, the response of ZnO:2 % Eu sensor is increased by 8 times, and the optimal operating temperature of that is decreased to 130 °C. Especially, the gas sensing properties of ZnO:2 % Eu sensor is enhanced under UV excitation. The recovery time of ZnO:Eu sensor is reduced by 1200 s, and the response is increased by 3.6 times under UV excitation. The above results show an increase in sensor response due to doping Eu and UV excitation. At last, the possible gas mechanism of ZnO:Eu is discussed with and without UV excitation. This finding provides important guidance for UV-assisted sensors to enhance NO 2 response.
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Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 14.7
Li Mengqi,Li Rui,Wu Longjia,Lin Xiongfeng,Xia Xueqing,Ao Zitong,Sun Xiaojuan,Chen Xingtong,Chen Song
Top emission can enhance luminance, color purity, and panel-manufacturing compatibility for emissive displays. Still, top-emitting quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) suffer from poor stability, low light outcoupling, and non-negligible viewing-angle dependence because, for QLEDs with non-red emission, the electrically optimum device structure is incompatible with single-mode optical microcavity. Here, we demonstrate that by improving the way of determining reflection penetration depths and creating refractive-index-lowering processes, the issues faced by green QLEDs can be overcome. This leads to advanced device performance, including a luminance exceeding 1.6 million nits, a current efficiency of 204.2 cd A −1 , and a T 95 operational lifetime of 15,600 hours at 1000 nits. Meanwhile, our design does not compromise light outcoupling as it offers an external quantum efficiency of 29.2% without implementing light extraction methods. Lastly, an angular color shift of Δ u’v’ = 0.0052 from 0° to 60° is achieved by narrowing the emission linewidth of quantum dots.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Guo-Juan Wang,Qiang-Qiang Zhu,Gan-Yu Cai,Yue Zhai,Shuang-Qiang Fang,Juan Kang,Le Wang
The realization of high-quality laser-driven white light remains challenging due to the limited heat dispersion and inconsistent light uniformity of color converters. In this study, ZnO particles with high thermal conductivity and a high index of refraction were induced into phosphor-in-glass (PiG) films to form a Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG):Ce 3+ -ZnO composite structure. The influences of ZnO particles on the luminescence, optical properties, thermal dissipation performance, and light uniformity of PiG films were studied in detail. Benefiting from the improved thermal dissipation, the luminescence saturation threshold of the YAG:Ce 3+ PiG film was improved from 10.97 to 12.96 W/mm 2 , and the luminous flux was improved from 1271 to 1468 lm. The increased light scattering attributed to ZnO particles also effectively dispersed both laser and emitted light. This significantly enhanced the angular consistency of the color rendering index (Ra) and correlated color temperature (CCT). It indicates that the YAG:Ce 3+ -ZnO composite PiG film would be an interesting color converter for producing high-quality laser-driven white light.
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