Materials Today Chemistry
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2026
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IF 7.4
Qing Li,Bowang Liu,Kaixin Guo,Ruirui Cui,Xu Wang,Chaoyong Deng
Mn 2+ ,Sb 3+ co-doping enables excitation-dependent afterglow in CsCdCl 3 phosphors. • Mn 2+ ,Sb 3+ co-doping prolongs CsCdCl 3 afterglow compared with singly doped samples. • Multi-dimensional optical encoding based on excitation- and time-dependent afterglow enables dynamic anti-counterfeiting. Excitation-dependent persistent luminescence materials attract growing interest for optical encryption, as emission colour and decay behaviour enable multi-parameter information encoding. Achieving high brightness, stable afterglow over a wide temperature range, and controllable emission output within a single material system remains challenging. In this work, CsCdCl 3 : Mn 2+ , Sb 3+ phosphors are synthesized via a room-temperature solution method, which offers a simple and scalable route. The materials exhibit distinct afterglow responses under ultraviolet excitation at 254, 310, and 365 nm. Sb 3+ exhibit cyan emission originating from the 3 P 1 → 1 S 0 transition, while Mn 2+ gives rise to orange-red emission ( 4 T 1 ( 4 G) → 6 A 1 ( 6 S)), sensitized by energy transfer from Sb 3+ to Mn 2+ . The relative contributions of these emission centres vary with excitation wavelength. Excitation-dependent afterglow decay behaviour is therefore achieved. Thermoluminescence analysis reveals a quasi-continuous trap distribution. This distribution supports stable afterglow over a wide temperature range. It also determines the decay behaviour. Excitation-dependent trap filling causes variations in afterglow lifetime. Time-resolved luminescence output is achieved. These properties enable dynamic optical anti-counterfeiting. Information is encoded and decoded through excitation wavelength, emission colour, and afterglow duration. Multi-dimensional and time-dependent data display is realised. This work offers great potential for designing persistent luminescence materials for advanced optical encryption applications.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 8
·e71064
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IF 4.2
Le Lu,Zhiyuan Ma,Zhaofeng Chen,Lixia Yang,Yue Wang,Yaotong Song,Yingdong Song,Xiguang Gao
SiC f /SiC has shown great potential for high-temperature structural applications such as aero-engine components, but repeated precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) often leave large interconnected macropores due to precursor loss and fiber architecture constraints. These defects promote stress concentration and oxidation, degrading structural reliability. To address this, SiC nanowires (SiCnws) were in situ introduced into difficult-to-fill macropores, forming a three-dimensional bridging network. The observed nanowire morphology was consistent with a catalyst-assisted vapor-liquid-solid-type growth process, and the morphology and distribution of SiCnws were regulated by varying the ferrocene/PCS/xylene ratio. The resulting interconnected network enhanced load transfer and inhibited crack propagation through bridging and deflection. Consequently, porosity decreased from 26.9% to 12.9%, density increased from 2.137 to 2.429 g/cm 3 , and fracture behavior shifted from brittle to pseudo-plastic. This approach offers an effective strategy for repairing structural defects in ceramic matrix composites.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 19.9
Boru Jin,Rongjie Zhuang,Zhonglong Zhang,Boning Sun,Wenchao Gao,Caofeng Pan
Flexible pressure sensors are often evaluated over only a limited portion of their nominal operating range, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve high-sensitivity, ultrawide- range detection, and reliable signal resolution under large preloads within a single device. Here, we present a geometry-guided strategy for stable pressure sensing from Pa to MPa based on a biomimetic daisy-inspired gradient hemispherical array. By integrating finite-element-analysis-guided optimization with an interpretable simulation-trained surrogate model, the multilevel gradient microstructure is rationally engineered to regulate compressibility and contact-area evolution, thereby mitigating capacitive saturation and extending the accessible pressure range. The resulting iontronic sensor delivers a consistently high sensitivity exceeding 122 kPa −1 over 0–2555 kPa, together with an ultrahigh sensitivity of 1864 kPa −1 in the low-pressure regime (0–61 kPa) and a low detection limit of 7.6 Pa. The device further shows fast response/recovery times below 5 ms, stable operation under repeated loading, and reliable pressure resolution even under MPa-level preloads. Beyond device performance, the surrogate-model interpretation reveals the key multilevel design rules governing the sensing response, establishing a generalizable framework that links bioinspired geometry, interfacial mechanics, and pressure-sensing behavior. This integrated structure-mechanism-modeling strategy provides a practical route toward next-generation ultrawide-range flexible sensors for wearable electronics and human-machine interfaces.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Haoxiang Yang,Jiaheng Wang,Wei Wang,Xiaoyan He,Jinghua Lu,Jingyue He,Xiao Jing,Yong Wei,Yatang Dai
Polyacrylamide is widely used in petroleum drilling due to its excellent thickening ability in hydrochloric acid systems, yet as petroleum development advances toward ~10,000-m-class ultra-deep wells and downhole temperature rise substantially, the high-temperature aging behavior and failure mechanisms remain insufficiently elucidated. Herein, we synthesized three polyacrylamide-based thickeners, including an AM homopolymer, an AM/DAC copolymer, and an AM/DAC/NVP terpolymer, and systematically investigated their high-temperature aging behavior and failure mechanisms. It was found that all three thickeners lost stability during high-temperature acidic aging. Initially, the polyacrylamide-based thickeners formed gel-like flocculates, which further evolved into brownish-black solids with increasing aging temperature and time. Mechanistic analysis indicates that, under high-temperature acidic conditions, polyacrylamide-based thickeners undergo acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of AM amide groups and DAC ester linkages to form polyacrylic acid structures, while NVP suppresses this process by weakening neighboring-group effects; then the resulting polyacrylic acid undergoes further dehydration/condensation to form intrachained anhydride (cyclization) and interchain anhydrides (crosslinking), increasing hydrophobicity and ultimately causing the failure of the thickeners. This work elucidates the aging behavior and failure mechanism of polyacrylamide-based thickeners in high-temperature acidic, guiding the design of high-temperature acidic thickeners.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 29.1
Guangxiang Gu,Qiheng Liu,Hongwei Gao,Jinyang Zhang,Zhong Lin Wang
The rapid identification of chemical composition, temperature, and dynamic behavior of leaked liquids by robots during accidental spills of hazardous chemicals would significantly reduce the potential risks to both human health and the environment. Here, we designed a flexible, palm-shaped liquid-sensing e-skin (PSLSES) featuring 128 metal electrodes fabricated via flexible printed circuit (FPC) technology and coated with a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film. By capturing the local triboelectrification signals along the droplet's trajectory, PSLSES enables multimodal dynamic liquid sensing, simultaneously achieving liquid composition identification, temperature sensing, as well as droplet motion tracking through visualized trajectory patterns. Integrated with a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN), PSLSES achieves an ultrahigh identification accuracy of 99.5% across 21 types of liquids, with a high monitoring resolution down to the ppb level and 98% accuracy in identifying liquid temperature. This includes deionized water, acids, bases, salts, and organic solutions, demonstrating broad liquid identification versatility. Compared with previously reported E-skin systems, it achieved faster identification (0.3 s), a lower detection limit (0.1 ppb), broader liquid recognition, and higher accuracy. The integration of PSLSES into wearable robotics systems opens new ways for robots to assist humans in analyzing and handling chemical leakage in hazardous environments.
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Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Junlin Liu,Shujuan Tan,Tong Xu,Xin Yan,Tianyu Chen,Jing Zheng,Guangbin Ji
In response to a rapidly changing background environment, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based infrared electrochromic materials have emerged as a research focus due to their fast response kinetics and high flexibility. Nevertheless, the microscopic mechanism governing the relationship between infrared emissivity and applied bias voltage remains vague. In this work, a defect-engineering strategy is employed to fabricate sulfur/nitrogen co-doped CNTs (SNCNT) films as a model system for mechanism investigation. It is revealed that the core process lies in ion enrichment-mediated charge transfer, regulating macroscopic conductivity. Specifically, accumulated ions can dynamically reconstruct the film architecture, facilitating ion–electron interactions within an electrical double-layer capacitive framework. This process presents an asymmetric operation mechanism that anions induce hole doping, while cations promote electron doping. First-principles calculations further correlate ion-specific modulation with orbital energy depth and π-conjugation degree. By integrating these insights, a multi-dimension qualitative model is proposed to correlate infrared emissivity with interfacial contact resistance, charge-transfer dynamics, and atomic-scale structure. The optimized SNCNT film system demonstrates an infrared modulation width of Δε = 0.601, accompanied by notable bia-removal memory behavior (Δε/Δ t = −0.0018 s −1 ), underscoring its potential in infrared camouflage, information encryption, and electromagnetic shielding.
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高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 19.9
Hongbo Liang,Mengfan Pei,Shuo Zhuo,Rui Xie,Hui Lin,Wenkai Song,Zirui Guo,Xigao Jian,Fangyuan Hu
The high activation barriers for sodium polysulfide conversion during the charge–discharge processes of room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries lead to sluggish reaction kinetics, thereby resulting in limited practical specific capacities. This simultaneously triggers the shuttle effect, leading to a rapid decay in specific capacity. In this study, we propose a hierarchical (crystalline-atomic) catalytic strategy, where the hierarchical catalyst features both manganese oxide crystalline sites and Mn single-atom sites. The two catalytic sites selectively anchor the sulfur and metal moieties of sodium polysulfides, respectively, exerting a “tearing” effect that weakens the chemical bonds and lowers the activation energy, thereby accelerating the polysulfide conversion. The cathode material synthesized using this method retains a specific capacity of 309 mAh g −1 after 2000 cycles at a current density of 2C, indicating that hierarchical parallel catalysis can effectively mitigate the shuttle effect and accelerate the reaction kinetics. Therefore, this work demonstrates the practical potential of hierarchical parallel catalysis in metal-sulfur batteries and provides a new approach for catalyst design in this domain.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2026
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IF 8.8
Honghao Su,Fusheng Pan,Siwei Wang,Han Zhang,Yuhang Guo,Hao Qi,Jing Huang,Zhijie Yuan,Zhanquan Zhang,Zhongyi Jiang
The energy-efficient separation of chemically similar aromatic/alkane mixtures is pivotal for modern molecular refining, yet polymeric membranes are perennially constrained by the permeability-selectivity trade-off. To circumvent this bottleneck, we report an interfacial engineering strategy utilizing size-tunable MOF (Cu-TCPP, TCPP: tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin) nanosheets to engineer selective interfacial transport channels in hybrid membranes. By modulating the reaction time, the size-to-thickness ratio of the nanosheets was precisely regulated. Crucially, the sub-nanopores (0.38 nm) of Cu-TCPP preclude transport through intrinsic pore channels, thereby indicating that molecular transport preferentially occurs through MOF-polymer interfacial regions. This architecture establishes a synergistic mechanism of geometric exclusion and facilitated transport. Our results reveal that the extended diffusion pathways, dictated by the lateral sizes of the 2D nanosheets, significantly enhance geometric exclusion for n -heptane. Meanwhile, the abundant MOF active sites provide low-resistance transport channels for toluene through preferential interaction. Consequently, at an ultralow loading of 0.1 wt%, the optimized membrane achieved an exceptional flux (1170 g m −2 h −1 ) and a separation factor (6.17) for a toluene/ n -heptane mixture, with robust stability over 160 h. This work provides an effective approach for exploiting 2D nanomaterials to engineer interfacial transport channels for challenging molecular separations.
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Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Jianglin Tu,Hang Zhao,Zhefei Pan,Liang An,Xun Zhu,Rong Chen,Qiang Liao
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction is promising for sustainable ammonia production, but is hindered by a high protonation energy barrier and severe competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction. Although PdBi single-atom alloy has been demonstrated to be an efficient electrocatalyst for electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia, the underlying mechanism of the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction over this type of catalyst remains unclear. Herein, a PdBi single-atom alloy is prepared by anchoring Bi single atoms onto thin Pd nanosheets and applied for the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction. The induced electronic coupling between Bi and Pd atoms optimizes charge distribution, thereby enhancing N 2 adsorption-activation and decreasing the free-energy barrier of the rate-determining step of *N 2 → *NNH from 0.71 to 0.61 eV. The optimized PdBi 10 single-atom alloy exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction, delivering an ammonia yield of 46.9 µg h −1 mg −1 with a Faradaic efficiency of 13.3% at −0.2 V (vs. RHE), along with excellent long-term stability. This work provides mechanistic insights and design principles of engineering single-atom alloy electrocatalysts for efficient and durable electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction to ammonia.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Rui Dong,Peng Chen,Qingyi Zhang,Jiajun Zeng,Fuming Du,Haibing Wang
Hierarchical NiCo 2 O 4 /carbon nanosheets composites were constructed through a template-assisted hydrothermal-calcination strategy. • The carbon nanosheets network improves the charge transfer behavior and enhances the intrinsic active site. • The optimized NiCo 2 O 4 /CNs-2 electrode delivers 285 mV at 10 mA cm −2 with a Tafel slope of 58.2 mV dec −1 for alkaline OER. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) poses a key kinetic bottleneck for electrochemical water splitting due to its sluggish four-electron transfer kinetics. Spinel NiCo 2 O 4 is a promising non-precious candidate, while its practical application is constrained by poor electrical conductivity, limited stability and insufficient intrinsic activity. Herein, we report a hierarchical composite (NiCo 2 O 4 /CNs), in which NiCo 2 O 4 nanosheets are uniformly anchored onto three-dimensional carbon nanosheets network via a template-assisted hydrothermal strategy. The introduction of CNs simultaneously enables asymmetric Ni 2+ /Ni 3+ and Co 2+ /Co 3+ valence ratio via strong interfacial coupling and ensures rapid electron transfer via the interconnected conductive network. As a result, the optimized NiCo 2 O 4 /CNs-2 composite exhibits enhanced OER performance in alkaline media, with an overpotential of only 285 mV to achieve 10 mA cm −2 and a Tafel slope of 58.2 mV dec −1 . pH-dependence analysis reveals a higher proton reaction order (0.894) than pristine NiCo 2 O 4 (0.641), suggesting an enhanced lattice oxygen involved contribution, which is corroborated by post-OER XPS, Raman, and XRD analyses confirming LOM-triggered surface reconstruction into Ni x Co 1-x (OH) 2 active phase. This work highlights a novel 2D/3D composite strategy that regulates the Charge-transfer behavior of metal oxides through morphological modulation of carbon supports, offering a promising route toward high-performance, durable non-precious metal electrocatalysts for practical water splitting applications.
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Advanced Science
·
2026
·
IF 14.1
Runmiao Gao,Xuan Zhang,Mengjie Song,Ronggui Yang,Keke Shao,Jun Shen,Long Zhang,Shuhuai Yao,Yubing Guo,Ruzhu Wang,Christopher Yu Hang Chao
Droplet-based 3D printing can fabricate complex structures, but quantitative regulation over droplet solidification and the mechanical performance of printed components remains essential for its load-bearing and multi-functional applications. Leveraging the intrinsic transparency of ice, we innovatively propose a nanoparticle-mediated strategy to suppress trapped air bubbles during water droplet solidification and thereby reinforce the mechanical performance of printed components. We develop a unified influencing factor to integrate the effects of nanoparticle concentration, diameter, and type on droplet nucleation and freezing characteristics. We uncover that the addition of nanoparticles raises nucleation temperature, refines ice dendrites, reduces freezing rate, and ultimately diminishes trapped air bubbles. These effects enable mechanical reinforcement of components and quantitative regulation of their compressive strength. The bubble volume fraction is reduced by ∼35% while the compressive strength is increased by up to 39%, exceeding the reported average values by more than two times. The low-cost strategy requires no external physical fields and introduces negligible changes to the hydrodynamic properties of raw printing materials. These findings elucidate the physical mechanisms governing nanoparticle-mediated bubble suppression during droplet solidification and further provide a viable pathway for the controllable fabrication of high-performance composite printing materials.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Yunxu Yang,Xiaoxi Huang,Yong Shen Chua,Hooi Ling Lee
Fe–SnO 2 @NiO–NF removed 96.85% CIP within 150 min under solar light. • S-scheme heterojunction promotes charge separation and photocatalytic activity. • 3D NiO–NF support enables easy recovery and abundant active sites. • Over 94% degradation activity was retained after four cycles. • DFT and HPLC–MS reveal charge transfer and CIP degradation pathways. Photocatalysis is effective for antibiotic degradation but limited by poor charge separation and difficult recovery of powder catalysts. In this work, a macroscopic p–n heterojunction photocatalyst (Fe–SnO 2 @NiO–NF) was prepared on pre-oxidized nickel foam through in situ growth and microwave-assisted synthesis. XRD confirmed the coexistence of SnO 2 and NiO phases, while HRTEM and XPS analyses verified the successful construction of the Fe–SnO 2 /NiO heterojunction with intimate interfacial contact and interfacial electronic interaction. UV–vis DRS, PL, TRPL, EIS, and photoelectrochemical measurements demonstrated markedly improved light absorption, charge separation and transfer behavior, with a narrowed band gap of 2.92 eV and a prolonged average carrier lifetime of 1.2226 ns. Owing to the enhanced charge separation and the conductive 3D NiO–NF framework, Fe–SnO 2 @NiO–NF exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activity for ciprofloxacin degradation under solar irradiation, reaching 96.85% removal within 150 min, while the immobilized catalyst could be readily separated from the aqueous solution. ESR and scavenging test identified •O 2 – and h + as the main reactive species, with •O 2 – playing the dominant role, while HPLC–MS revealed the degradation intermediates and pathways. Band structure analysis and DFT calculations demonstrated that the p–n heterojunction follows an S-scheme charge transfer mechanism, promoting efficient charge separation while preserving strong redox capability. The composite retained over 94% of its initial activity after four cycles, showing excellent stability and recyclability. This study provides a practical way to develop efficient and reusable photocatalysts for antibiotic wastewater treatment. Download: Download high-res image (182KB) Download: Download full-size image
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