Nature Communications
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2022
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 17.694
Huang Lei,Wei Min,Qi Ruijuan,Dong Chung-Li,Dang Dai,Yang Cheng-Chieh,Xia Chenfeng,Chen Chao,Zaman Shahid,Li Fu-Min,You Bo,Xia Bao Yu
Efficient and robust platinum-carbon electrocatalysts are of great significance for the long-term service of high-performance fuel cells. Here, we report a Pt alloy integrated in a cobalt-nitrogen-nanocarbon matrix by a multiscale design principle for efficient oxygen reduction reaction. This Pt integrated catalyst demonstrates an increased mass activity, 11.7 times higher than that of commercial Pt catalyst, and retains a stability of 98.7% after 30,000 potential cycles. Additionally, this integrated catalyst delivers a current density of 1.50 A cm −2 at 0.6 V in the hydrogen-air fuel cell and achieves a power density of 980 mW cm −2 . Comprehensive investigations demonstrate that the synergistic contribution of components and structure in the platinum-carbon integrated catalyst is responsible for the high-efficiency ORR in fuel cells.
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Small
·
2022
·Vol. 19
·期 10
·2206075
·
IF 15.153
Ruiqi Li,Shu Tian,Yunqing Tian,Jiancheng Wang,Sijia Xu,Kai Yang,Jing Yang,Lei Zhang
Anti-icing coatings on outdoor infrastructures and transportations inevitably suffer from surface injuries, especially in extreme weather events (e.g., freezing weather or acid rain). The coating surface damage can result in anti-icing performance loss or even icing promotion. The development of anti-icing coatings that enables self-healing in extreme conditions is highly desired but still challenging. Herein, an extreme-environment-resistant self-healing anti-icing coating is developed by integrating fluorinated graphene (FG) into a supramolecular polymeric matrix. The coating exhibits both anti-icing and deicing performance (ice nucleation temperature is ≈−30.3 °C; ice shear strength is ≈48.7 kPa), mainly attributable to the hydrophobic FG and silicone-based supramolecular material. Notably, owing to the crosslinking polymeric network with various dynamic bonds, this coating can sustain anti-icing/deicing performance after autonomous self-healing under harsh conditions including low temperature (−20 °C), strong acid (pH = 0), and strong alkali (pH = 14) environments. This coating paves the way to meet the anti-icing demand in open air, especially for the infrastructures in polar regions or acid/alkali environments.
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COMBUSTION AND FLAME
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2022
·
IF 5.767
Kai-Ru Jin,Zhi-Hao Zheng,Ling-Nan Wu,Qiang Xu,Bing-Zhi Liu,Zhan-Dong Wang,Zhen-Yu Tian
Pyrolysis of norbornadiene (NBD) was investigated in a jet-stirred reactor at 760 torr and within the temperature range of 560 to 1100 K. 37 products and intermediates ranging from m/z = 26 to 178 were identified and quantified by using synchrotron radiation photoionization molecular-beam mass spectrometry accompanied by gas chromatography . The C 7 H 8 isomers, including NBD, cycloheptatriene (CHT) and toluene (A1CH 3 ), were differentiated. Acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), cyclopentadiene (C 5 H 6 ), C 7 H 8 isomers and other aromatics are abundant during the pyrolysis process. A detailed kinetic model was developed with reasonable predictions against the measured results, involving 264 species and 1259 reactions, which is helpful to understand the kinetic and heat features of initial consumption as well as the synergistic effect of C 2 H 2 , C 5 H 6 and A1CH 3 to the formation of aromatics. Rate-of-production analysis shows that the pyrolysis of NBD experiences two stages. The first stage involves the isomerization and decomposition of NBD, yielding A1CH 3 , CHT, C 5 H 6 and C 2 H 2 . Branching ratio analysis shows that C 5 H 6 and C 2 H 2 are dominant products in the first stage. Heat release analysis indicates that the first stage is endothermic. The second stage involves the pyrolysis and interactions of first-stage products to produce light hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons like indene, naphthalene , acenaphthylene, fluorene and phenanthrene. Three routes dominate the formation of indene, including C 5 H 6 + C 5 H 5 , benzyl radical + C 2 H 2 and cycloheptatrienyl radical + C 2 H 2 , the last one of which has been scarcely considered in the previous investigation. Sensitivity analysis indicates the reactions in the first stage exhibit strong promoting effects for the consumption of NBD, while the second-stage reactions play minor roles in NBD consumption. This work would enrich the understanding of NBD consumption, PAH formation and heat release.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2022
·Vol. 10
·期 38
·20509-20516
·
IF 14.511
Ning Wang,Ling Zhang,Jin Liu,Chunzhong Li
In recent years, droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have triggered intense research interest as self-powered devices due to their capability to harvest energy from water droplets efficiently. To make droplet-based TENGs less harmful to the environment and recover the output performance in time after being damaged, it is very necessary to fabricate an underwater self-healable TENG that is free from contaminating spills. In this work, via adding an environmentally friendly plasticizer to activate dipole–dipole interactions between polymer chains, which are employed as the driving force for self-healing, an underwater self-healable material is successfully developed, based on which an integrally self-healable droplet-based TENG (SHD-TENG) is fabricated. The device can produce an output voltage of 20 V and an output power density of 4.35 mW m−2. After the entire device is damaged, the output voltage can recover 85% after being soaked in water for 12 h to self-heal, which is similar to healing in air. Moreover, a higher temperature can accelerate the healing of the device. This work presents an avenue to develop droplet-energy-harvesting electronics with underwater self-healing capability.
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Small Methods
·
2021
·Vol. 5
·期 12
·2100969
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IF 14.188
Quan Liu,Guodong Yu,Chongyu Zhu,Bo Peng,Ruohan Li,Tao Yi,Yanlei Yu
Manipulating droplets by light in microscale allows precise control of microfluidics, liquid delivery, micromachines, and so on. Among these applications, microfluidic technology is of particular interest for miniaturization of the portable analysis systems, which require the integration of various liquid operations in one device. Here, a photodeformable microfluidic platform is constructed by combining Laplace pressure and capillary condensation to integrate the transportation, fusion, separation, and mixing of liquid slugs in one chip. The Laplace pressure, attributed to the photodeformation of the liquid crystal polymers, is generated to propel the slug. The capillary condensation is introduced by the delicate design of the fluid channels, allowing the fusion and separation of slugs without any connected microvalves. Catalytic oxidation reaction and protein detection processes are realized in the platform, which are amenable to a variety of miniaturized bio-medical applications, such as portable analysis and point of care testing.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
·
IF 6.953
Lin Yue,Meihong Zheng,Imran Mahmood Khan,Zhouping Wang
The development of antibacterial agents with high bacteria-binding capability and antibacterial efficiency is highly desirable. Herein, cationic polysaccharide chitosan (CS) was combined with photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) to construct a novel photodynamic antibacterial agent (CS-Ce6 conjugates) for combating gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) . CS-Ce6 conjugates with different degrees of substitution (DS) were synthesized and characterized by a spectroscopic method and organic elemental analysis to understand the relationship between structure and antibacterial effect. CS-Ce6 conjugates revealed good reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability and photodynamic antibacterial effect. Meanwhile, they both were positively correlated with DS in the range of 4.81% ~ 11.56% resulting in stronger photodynamic antibacterial ability. These findings highlight that CS-Ce6 conjugates have the potential as an effective photodynamic bactericidal agent in the antibacterial field.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2021
·Vol. 31
·期 37
·2104636
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IF 18.808
Yuhe Yang,Tianpeng Xu,Ho Pan Bei,Yuanjin Zhao,Xin Zhao
Existing artificial periostea faces difficulty in supporting the entire bone repair cycle due to the absence of adhesion-centric design and effective cell manipulation, leading to poor inhibition of soft tissue infiltration and induction of osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Here, a Janus periosteum with interior surface adhesion and exterior anatomical patterns to mimic the structure and function of natural periosteum is presented. Photo-crosslinkable polymers are employed to replicate the exterior anisotropic surface structured microgrooves for cell fate manipulation and assemble gecko-inspired fibrillar setae arrays for interior surface adhesion. To further bolster its underwater adhesiveness, mussel-inspired poly (dopamine methacrylamide-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PDMH) is coated onto the periosteum surfaces. This periosteum presents adhesiveness with strong shear and normal adhesion in both dry and wet conditions due to the coordinated interactions of micro setae arrays and PDMH coating; it also boasts effective cell modulation for enhanced synchronous osteogenesis and angiogenesis, without the aid of growth factors. Moreover, the Janus periosteum is found to enhance bone regeneration in vivo with increased new bone formation and neovascularization. It is envisioned that this Janus periosteum will be able to streamline bone fracture surgical repair as a rapidly adhesive, low-maintenance yet robust bandage to significantly cut down the healing phase.
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DESALINATION
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2020
·
IF 7.098
Md Mofasserul Alam,Masem Hossain,Ying Mei,Chenxiao Jiang,Yaoming Wang,Chuyang Y. Tang,Tongwen Xu
Anion exchange membrane (AEM) as a positively-charged polymer allows the transition of anions, block the cations, and has been widely used in the electro-desalination processes. Permselectivity , alkaline stability, and electric ohmic resistance on the AEM are critical issues determining the final desalination efficiency in an electro-desalination process. Here in this work, the AEM with sound desalination and alkaline stable character was fabricated from the aspect of functional group optimization, i.e., introduce into the 2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-phenylene oxide (PPO) polymer matrix as the alternative of the conventional. The 1-naphthol derivatives, i.e., 2-[dimethylaminomethyl] naphthalen-1-ol, and 2,7-bis[dimethylaminomethyl] naphthalen-1-ol as the functional groups provide conjugated π-electron, which may increase the alkaline stability of the anion exchange membranes (AEMs), and thus guarantee its long-term stability when operating the electro-desalination process over the limiting current density condition. The innovative membranes perform lower area resistance 0.5–2.27 Ω cm 2 and well stability in the alkaline circumstance. In comparison to the commercial membranes (Neosepta AMX, standard grade), the obtained membrane presented comparable electro-desalination performance. The results indicate AEMs that functionalized by 1-naphthol derivatives can be a promising candidate for electro-desalination processes.
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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
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2021
·Vol. 101
·期 12
·5067-5074
·
IF 3.639
Di Wu,Simin Yu,Hongshan Liang,Mohamed Eid,Bin Li,Jing Li,Jin Mao
BACKGROUND Konjac glucomannan (KGM) showed a synergistic interaction with κ-carrageenan (CAR), which led to the formation of a promising compound hydrocolloid gel in the food field (such as jelly). Nevertheless, the mixed gels formed by adding KGM to CAR still displayed defects in gel strength and syneresis, and would hardly meet the quality requirements of some gel foods. However, deacetylated KGM and maltodextrin (MD) have always been used in gel foods and affect their viscosity and rheological properties. RESULTS In our paper, different amounts of MD were first used to alter the textural properties, and the results showed that both tensile strength and elongation exhibited first an increasing and then a decreasing trend with the increasing MD proportion and achieved a maximum at a final maltodextrin proportion of 4 g kg −1 in the KGM/CAR/MD system. Based on the above results, we further explored the effects of deacetylation degree of KGM on the gel properties of mixed gel system. The results revealed that, compared to the native KGM, the partial deacetylated KGM was capable of significantly improving the tensile strength and elongation of KGM/CAR mixed gel. CONCLUSION Our study found that the appropriate addition of MD (0.4%) and DKGM were able to alter the tensile properties of KGM/CAR mixed gel, with potential to meet the needs of consumers and further design innovative tensile gel products in the soft gel industry. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
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ChemElectroChem
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 3
·539-546
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IF 4.59
Shuting Kan,Mengying Xu,Wenshuai Feng,Yufeng Wu,Cheng Du,Xiaohui Gao,Yimin A. Wu,Hongtao Liu
Graphical Double up : Owing to morphology modulation, electronic engineering, and the synergetic effect caused by the doping of iron, the electrodeposited film based on amorphous NiCoP-0.01 M Fe nanospheres demonstrates superior electrochemical performance, serving as a robust bifunctional catalyst for the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions. The as-fabricated overall water splitting cell shows a low operation voltage of 1.60 V at the current density of 10 mA cm −2 , which is much better than using the Pt/C and RuO 2 combination. The regulation of geometric and electronic structures is very important to transition metal phosphides with high catalytic properties. Herein, nanofilms consisting of NiCoFeP nanospheres were electrochemically deposited onto 3D Ni foam for the catalysis of water splitting. Depending on the amount of iron, the NiCoFeP nanocatalysts exhibit different surface topographies and chemical binding energies, which have a great influence on electrochemical performances. The optimal NiCoP-0.01 M Fe films show robust bifunctional electrocatalytic activities with an overpotential of 118 mV (10 mA cm −2 ) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 300 mV (50 mA cm −2 ) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The overall water splitting employing this proposed nanocatalyst at both electrodes only presents a cell voltage of 1.60 V at the current density of 10 mA cm −2 , far lower than that (1.73 V) with the commercial Pt/C cathode and RuO 2 anode combination.
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ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
·
2020
·
IF 4.152
Yi Qin,Boling Cao,Jiamin Li,Shuting Liao,Chuxin Lin,Xueqin Qing,Qin Zhang,Xiangrong Yu
Postoperative local recurrence and metastasis are non-negligible challenges in clinical cancer treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has presented a great potential in preventing cancer recurrence owing to its noninvasiveness and high specificity for local irradiation of tumor sites. However, the application of conventional PDT is often limited by insufficient oxygen supply, making it difficult to achieve high PDT efficacy. Herein, we combined liposomes with photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) to develop a new oxygen-enriched photodynamic nanospray (Lip-PFOB-ICG) for cancer postoperative treatment. The Lip-PFOB-ICG not only has good biocompatibility but also enhanced the PDT effect under near-infrared light. More importantly, PFOB can continuously absorb oxygen, thus improving the collision energy transfer between the ICG photosensitizer and oxygen, and significantly inhibit local tumor recurrence in the subcutaneous tumor recurrence model. This oxygen-enriched photodynamic nanospray strategy may open up new avenues for effective postoperative cancer therapy in the clinic.
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Materials
·
2020
·Vol. 13
·期 16
·3550
·
IF 3.057
Xiaodong Lu,Qiang Yao,Weihong Cao,Tianbo Tang
An extremely efficient flame retardant with low water solubility has been developed for bisphenol-A based polycarbonate. Potassium trimethylsilylbenzenesulfonate (KTSS) combining trimethylsilyl and sulfonate groups in its molecule is 7 times less water soluble and 5 times more effective in flame retardancy than potassium benzenesulfonylbenzenesulfonate (KSS), the commercial workhorse for polycarbonate (PC). At a loading of 0.02%, KTSS enables PC to achieve a solid UL-94 V0 rating and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 34.4%, representing an increase of 8.5 units. The extremely high efficiency of KTSS stems from its great migration ability to the burning polymer surface facilitated by trimethylsilyl group, its timely release of active alkaline species that promote the charring process of PC, and the stabilization of char by silicon. In addition to the exceptional flame retardancy, PC/KTSS retains excellent physical properties of PC.Keywords:polycarbonate;flame retardant;sulfonate salts;silicon
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