查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Phillygenin ameliorates tight junction proteins reduction, fibrosis, and apoptosis in mice with chronic colitis via TGR5-mediated PERK-eIF2α-Ca2+ pathway

Huanhuan Xue,Peijie Li,Jing Guo,Tinggui Chen,Shifei Li,Liwei Zhang

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, relapsing, and etiologically complicated chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Despite substantial progress in the management of UC, the outcomes of mucosal barrier repair are unsatisfactory. In this study, phillygenin (PHI) treatment alleviated the symptoms of chronic colitis in mice, including body weight loss, severe disease activity index scores, colon shortening, splenomegaly, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. In particular, PHI treatment ameliorated the tight junction proteins (TJs) reduction, fibrosis, apoptosis, and intestinal stem cell activity, indicating that PHI exerted beneficial effects on the intestinal mucosal barrier in mice with chronic colitis. In the NCM460 cells damage model, dextran sulfate sodium triggered the sequential induction of TJs reduction, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Takeda G protein-coupled receptor-5 (TGR5) dysfunction mediated NCM460 cell injury. Moreover, PHI treatment enhanced TJs and suppressed fibrosis and apoptosis to maintain NCM460 cell function, depending on TGR5 activation. PHI promoted TGR5 activation and elevated intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels in HEK 293T cells transfected with TGR5 expression plasmids. Cellular thermal shift assay and molecular docking studies confirmed that PHI directly binds to TGR5, indicating that PHI is an agonist of TGR5. The process of PERK-eIF2α pathway-mediated endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ release was involved in NCM460 cell injury as well, which was associated with TGR5 dysfunction. When NCM460 cells were pretreated with PHI, the PERK-eIF2α pathway and elevated Ca 2+ levels were blocked. In conclusion, our study demonstrated a novel mechanism that PHI inhibited the PERK-eIF2α-Ca 2+ pathway through TGR5 activation to against DSS-induced TJs reduction, fibrosis, and apoptosis.

Risk assessment of difenoconazole pollution in carp (Cyprinus carpio): Involvement of liver metabolism disorder and IP3R-Sig1R mediated mitochondrial Ca2+ overload

Feixue Liu,Tianmeng Zhang,Yeyun Ma,Jingquan Dong,Yong Sun

Environmental residues of the fungicide difenoconazole (DFZ) have been shown to pose a threat to mammals. However, the risk assessment of DFZ for cultured carp remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the adverse effects of DFZ on carp liver and their molecular mechanisms by simulating the environmental contamination concentrations of DFZ. Our results showed that DFZ induced structural damage in the liver, including edema, vacuolation, and congestion. In addition, DFZ residues were detected in liver tissues. Mechanistically, DFZ causes mitochondrial dysfunction by promoting Ca 2+ transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria via IP3R, leading to the onset of ROS burst and apoptosis, and the inhibition of Nrf2 antioxidant function by DFZ also results in uncontrolled ROS. Mitophagy was also activated intracellularly to counteract mitochondrial damage. Interestingly, treatment with 2-APB alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, restored the mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibited apoptosis by blocking the translocation of Ca 2+ from the ER to the mitochondria. Metabolomic analysis revealed that DFZ disrupted energy metabolism in carp liver, whereas 2-APB reversed DFZ-induced metabolic alterations. In conclusion, the present study elucidates the threat of DFZ to carp liver and highlights the mechanism of damage, thereby helping to explain the impact of agriculture on the aquatic environment.

Role of oxygen vacancy on rapid densification and giant dielectric properties of flash sintered Ca2+ and Ta5+ co-doped TiO2 ceramics

Zaizhi Yang,Xi Wang,Liang Zhang,Hailin Li,Hui Zhang,Dong Xu

(Ca, Ta) co-doped TiO 2 ceramics were successfully prepared using flash sintering technology, and the effects of oxygen vacancies on the rapid densification and giant dielectric properties were studied. The results suggest that the maximum volume fraction of oxygen vacancies in flash-sintered samples is approximately 10%. Oxygen vacancies decrease the barrier energy level of atomic diffusion and provide convenient diffusion channels, resulting in rapid densification of the sample within 24 min at 1100 °C. All flash-sintered samples exhibit high relative density, exceeding 95%. Oxygen vacancies promote the electron-pinning defect dipole effect at low temperatures. As the temperature increases, carriers such as oxygen vacancies move to the grain boundary, forming an internal barrier layer capacitance effect. The optical dielectric constant reaches 7.25 × 10 4 , and the dielectric loss drops to 0.09. Oxygen vacancy play an important role in both flash sintering technology and the giant dielectric properties of co-doped TiO 2 ceramics.

Verapamil Enhances the Activity of Caspofungin against Cryptococcus neoformans Coincides with Inhibited Ca2+ /CN Pathway and Damage with Cell Wall Integrity

Xinyuan Peng,Qingtao Kong,Qian Wei,Shilin Guo,Qiying Chen,Min Peng,Binyi An,Xiaoyu Wang,Chen Zhang,Hong Sang

Currently, the therapeutic effect on cryptococcal infection patients is hindered by toxicity and drug resistance, making it urgent to discover alternative antifungals. Calcium channel blockers, verapamil (VER), have shown effective antifungal effects in several fungi. Here, we found that VER has a significant antifungal effect on Cryptococcus neoformans ( C. neoformans ). Furthermore, VER has significant synergistic effects with multiple antifungals, even caspofungin (CAS). We confirmed that VER and CAS had a synergistic antifungal effect in the Galleria mellonella . We conducted in-depth research on the possible mechanism of the synergistic impact of VER and CAS. After treatment with VER, the chitosan content of C. neoformans ' cell wall decreased and in dopamine liquid culture medium, we observed the leakage of melanin. Through cell wall fluorescence staining and stress sensitivity analysis, we further demonstrated that VER impaired the integrity of the C. neoformans ' cell wall. Another side, VER+CAS modification of C. neoformans membrane permeability, leading to intracellular ROS accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential changes. VER eliminated the cytoplasmic calcium fluctuations caused by CAS stimulation and down-regulated the genes expression associated with the calcineurin pathway. In addition, we found that the enzyme activity of chitin deacetylase of C. neoformans is significantly influenced by the presence of Ca 2+ , suggesting that the use of VER may affect the activity. In summary, the synergistic antifungal effect of VER and CAS makes them effective and promising candidates for fungal treatment.

Highly differentiated multi-stimuli-responsive fluorescence performance of tetraphenylethylene-containing styrene–maleic acid copolymers induced by macromolecular architecture control

Ranran Gao,Xiaoning Guo,Li Wang,Wantai Yang

Stimuli-responsive aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active polymers with structural diversity and tunability in fluorescence responsive behavior are in high demand in practical applications. Recently, tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-appended maleic anhydride terpolymers were proposed as a multi-stimuli-responsive fluorescence platform by our group. Here, we report TPE-containing styrene–maleic acid copolymers with diverse chain topologies and locations of the TPE moiety by reversible activation-fragmentation transfer polymerization (RAFT) with meticulously designed chain transfer agents and a TPE-containing monomer. The fluorescence responsiveness of the copolymers to the pH value, Ca2+, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was systematically investigated, which showed an influence substantially on both the “stimuli acceptor” and “signaling” sides of the macromolecular structure. The discovery made in our work accentuates the importance of macromolecular engineering in developing fluorescent probes with highly differentiated performance and provides great flexibility in meeting the wide range of requirements of various applications.

Dynamic bond architected supra-amphiphilic alginate-based interfacial interlocking for boosting foliar delivery efficiency of multifunctional emulsion

Yan Zhou,Shujuan Yang,Chaonan Shang,Gaobo Yu,Yuhong Feng,Jiacheng Li

The extremely low utilization efficiency of agrochemicals constitutes a global dilemma, predominantly triggered by off-target losses and environmental degradation. In this work, a molecular-structural engineering strategy was proposed to induce the oriented assembly of Alg-BC/UPy-MA at the oil–water interface, constructing a multifunctional emulsion with a dynamic interlocking network structure. The system exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (97.13%). And the stability, deposition, evaporation, ultraviolet (UV) resistance, and release profiles of multifunctional emulsion were evaluated. Compared to emulsion without interlocking film, the storage stability before and after dilution of multifunctional emulsion increased by 3.94 and 2.59 times, respectively; the evaporation time extended by 1.67 times, and the residual content after UV irradiation increased by 149% compared with AVM suspension concentrate (SC), demonstrating better deposition, retention and photolysis resistance. Release experiments indicated that the multifunctional emulsion possessed significant pH/Ca 2+ dual-responsive release characteristics. The present approach could be strategically promising for constructing functional and environmentally friendly pesticide delivery system.

Setting behavior, apatite-forming ability, mechanical strength of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement through bioactivity modification of phosphate functional groups combined with Ca2+ ions

Dingze Chuan,Ling Zhang,Chongyan Leng,Qinghua Chen,Toshiki Miyazaki,Jinkun Liu

Effect of Ca2+ on 3D printing accuracy and antioxidant efficacy of nano starch-lutein surimi: mechanical properties, chemical bonds and release rate

Gaoshang Li,Junqi Zhan,Zhiheng Hu,Jiayin Huang,Enbo Xu,Chunhong Yuan,Jianchu Chen,Qian Yao,Yaqin Hu

BACKGROUND Nano starch-lutein (NS-L) can be used in three-dimensional (3D) printed functional surimi. However, the lutein release and printing effect are not ideal. The purpose of this study was to facilitate the function and printing properties of surimi by adding the combination of calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) and NS-L. RESULTS Printing properties, lutein release and antioxidation of printed Ca 2+ -NS-L-surimi were determined. The NS-L-surimi with 20 mM kg −1 Ca 2+ had the best printing effects (fine accuracy, 99 ± 1%). Compared to NS-L-surimi, the structure became denser after adding Ca 2+ , the gel strength, hardness, elasticity, yield stress ( τ ), water holding capacity of Ca 2+ -NS-L-surimi increased by about 17 ± 4%, 3 ± 1%, 9 ± 2%, 20 ± 4%, 40 ± 5% respectively. These enhanced mechanical strength and self-supporting ability to resist binding deformation and improve printing accuracy. Moreover, salt dissolution and increased hydrophobic force by Ca 2+ stimulated protein stretching and aggregation, leading to enhancement of gel formation. Decreased printing effects of NS-L-surimi with excessive Ca 2+ (> 20 mM kg −1 ) caused by excessive gel strength and τ , leading to strong extrusion force and low extrudability. Additionally, Ca 2+ -NS-L-surimi had higher digestibility and lutein release rate (increased from 55 ± 2% to 73 ± 3%), because Ca 2+ made NS-L-surimi structure porous, which promoted contact of enzyme-protein. Furthermore, weakened ionic bonds reduced electron binding bondage that combined with released lutein to provide more electrons for enhancing antioxidation. CONCLUSION Collectively, 20 mM kg −1 Ca 2+ could better promote printing process and function exertion of NS-L-surimi, facilitating the application of 3D printed functional surimi. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Microbially induced calcium precipitation based anaerobic biosynthetic crystals for removal of F− and Ca2+ in groundwater: Performance optimization, kinetics, and reactor operation

Zhai Zhenyu,Ali Amjad,Su Junfeng,Hao Zhenle,Liu Jiaran,Wang Zhao

Anaerobic biosynthetic crystals (ANBC) were prepared based on microbially induced calcium precipitation (MICP) and their potential explored for groundwater defluoridation and decalcification. The preparation conditions of ANBC were optimized and the influence of key factors (initial fluoride ions (F − ) concentration, pH, and initial calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) concentration) on the crystals was investigated. During the operation of the reactor, at pH of 7.0, the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h, and Ca 2+ concentration of 180 mg L −1 , a maximum removal efficiency reached 93.31%, while 66.20% of Ca 2+ could be removed. The adsorption dynamics study showed that the adsorption of ANBC was most in line with the pseudo-second-order model. The stability of ANBC operation was studied and failure reaction showed that the crystals maintained a stable removal ability after 35 times of repeated use. Further studies found that this was attributed to the continuous growth and synthesis of the crystals. The defluoridation and decalcification mechanism was further explored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD). This study innovatively proposes a method for biosynthesis of crystals under anaerobic conditions based on MICP, which can efficiently and stably remove F − and Ca 2+ in groundwater, providing a valuable strategy for groundwater contaminant remediation and energy saving.

Glucomannan from Aloe vera Gel Strengthens Intestinal Barrier by Suppressing Macrophage M1 Polarization via the Lactic Acid–Piezo1–Ca2+ Axis

Jiawen Yu,Kunying Chen,Yujing Zhang,Xujie Wang,Yangchun Shen,Yu Deng,Xingtao Zhou

Abstract Modulating intestinal macrophage polarization is critical for maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. Our previous study demonstrated that glucomannan from Aloe vera gel (AGP) improved the intestinal barrier, yet its direct impact on intestinal macrophages remained undefined. Here, we demonstrated that AGP reduced M1 macrophage infiltration in colonic tissue. Integrated serum untargeted metabolomics identified lactic acid as a key AGP-induced metabolite, with 16S rRNA sequencing pointing to the gut microbiota as its potential source. Mechanistically, lactic acid suppressed M1 polarization by inhibiting the mechanosensitive cation channel Piezo1, thereby attenuating calcium influx, concurrently dampening STAT3 activation and ROS production─core drivers of M1 commitment. Critically, these effects were abrogated by a Piezo1 agonist, confirming the centrality of the lactic acid–Piezo1–Ca2+ axis. Collectively, our study defines a novel immunometabolic pathway wherein AGP fortifies the intestinal barrier through microbiota-derived lactic acid, which restrains macrophage M1 polarization via the lactic acid–Piezo1–calcium axis.

Structural characteristics and gelling properties of citrus pectins after chemical and enzymatic modifications: Conformation plays a vital role in Ca2+-induced gelation

Jiefen Cui,Dan Liu,Yuyang Zhang,Mengyu Ma,Mengshan Shang,Cheng Zhao,Xingmiao Lu,Chengying Zhao,Jinkai Zheng

Due to the excellent health benefits of rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I)-enriched pectin, there has been increasing research interest in its gelling properties. To elucidate its structure–gelation relationship, chemical modifications were used to obtain RG-I-enriched pectin (P11). Then, enzymatic modification was performed to obtain debranched pectins GP11 and AP11, respectively. The effects of RG-I side chains on structural characteristics (especially spatial conformation) and gelling properties were investigated. Among the low-methoxylated pectins (LMPs), AP11, with a loose conformation (Dmax 52 nm) showed the poorest gelling, followed by GP11. In addition to primary structure , spatial conformation (Dmax and Rg) also showed strong correlations ( r 2  > 0.8) with gelation . We speculate that compact conformation may shorten distance between pectin chains and reduces steric hindrance , contributing to formation of strong gel network. This is particularly important in LMPs with abundant side chains. The results provide novel insights into relationship between spatial conformation and gelling properties of RG-I-enriched pectin.

Highly efficient Fe3+-doped A2BB′O6 (A = Sr2+, Ca2+; B, B′ = In3+, Sb5+, Sn4+) broadband near-infrared-emitting phosphors for spectroscopic analysis

Liu Dongjie,Li Guogang,Dang Peipei,Zhang Qianqian,Wei Yi,Qiu Lei,Molokeev Maxim S.,Lian Hongzhou,Shang Mengmeng,Lin Jun

Near-infrared (NIR)-emitting phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes have attracted widespread attention in various applications based on NIR spectroscopy. Except for typical Cr 3+ -activated NIR-emitting phosphors, next-generation Cr 3+ -free NIR-emitting phosphors with high efficiency and tunable optical properties are highly desired to enrich the types of NIR luminescent materials for different application fields. Here, we report the Fe 3+ -activated Sr 2− y Ca y (InSb) 1− z Sn 2 z O 6 phosphors that exhibit unprecedented long-wavelength NIR emission. The overall emission tuning from 885 to 1005 nm with broadened full-width at half maximum from 108 to 146 nm was realized through a crystallographic site engineering strategy. The NIR emission was significantly enhanced after complete Ca 2+ incorporation owing to the substitution-induced lower symmetry of the Fe 3+ sites. The Ca 2 InSbO 6 :Fe 3+ phosphor peaking at 935 nm showed an ultra-high internal quantum efficiency of 87%. The as-synthesized emission-tunable phosphors demonstrated great potential for NIR spectroscopy detection. This work initiates the development of efficient Fe 3+ -activated broadband NIR-emitting phosphors and opens up a new avenue for designing NIR-emitting phosphor materials.