Heliyon
·
2024
·
IF 3.4
Song Lin,Lixin Wen,Hong Zhao,Donghua Huang,Zuwei Yang,Qinge Zou,Ling Jiang
Since the p53 protein is an important promising biomarker of lung tumor and colorectal tumor, it is very essential to design a highly effective mean to monitor the degree of p53 for the early clinical analysis/therapy of the related tumors. In this work, a sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensing (SES) platform is proposed for the first time to detect p53 via synthesizing Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanoribbons (Ti 3 C 2 T x Nb) and ferrocene/gold nanoparticles (Fc/Au) respectively as the sensing substrate and signal-amplifier. The superior electrical property and large surface area of Ti 3 C 2 T x Nb are beneficial to assemble the initial p53-antibodies (Ab 1 ), while the synthesized Fc/Au is devoted to assemble the secondary p53 antibodies (Ab 2 ) and gives a magnified signal. By adopting the Fc molecules as the probes, the experiments reveal the response current of Fc resulted from the SES structure increases along with the p53 increase from 1.0 to 200.0 pg mL −1 . A considerable low detection limit (1.0 pg mL −1 ) is achieved after optimizing several key conditions, it is thus confirmed the as-proposed SES mean exhibits significant application in the detection of p53 protein and other targets.
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Applied Materials Today
·
2024
·
IF 7.2
Qianqian Qiao,Jinyu Wang,Bingjiao Li,Yuhao Guo,Tao Liao,Ziqiang Xu,Ying Kuang,Cao Li
Photothermal therapy (PTT)-based combination therapy is an effective approach to cancer treatment. However, there is a possibility of tumor development due to the inflammation caused by PTT. In addition, hyperthermia can cause damage to normal tissues. This work reported a drug delivery/cascade enzyme system based on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets. Ultra-small, degradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DS-MSN) were prepared to load phloretin (Phl), which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Subsequently, glucose oxidase (GOx) was adsorbed on the surface of DS-MSN. The nanoparticles were then modified on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets and finally treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to obtain the multifunctional system named Ti 3 C 2 T x -Phl@DS-MSN-GOx-PEG (TPDMGP). The high near-infrared photothermal conversion efficiency of Ti 3 C 2 T x made it suitable for PTT. GOx and Ti 3 C 2 T x formed a cascade enzyme system inside cancer cells: Ti 3 C 2 T x exhibited catalase (CAT)-like activity that decomposed intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) into O 2 , which was provided to GOx for enhanced starvation therapy. GOx in the presence of O 2 produces H 2 O 2 , for the oxygen production of Ti 3 C 2 T x . Meanwhile, DS-MSN could be degraded in the reducing environment inside cancer cells as it contains disulfide bonds in its backbone, thus releasing Phl for chemotherapy. Such a combination therapy strategy could achieve a satisfactory therapeutic outcome by low-temperature PTT while evading normal tissue damage by high temperature. The anti-inflammatory effects of both Ti 3 C 2 T x and Phl enabled TPDMGP to eliminate the inflammation caused by PTT via the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The multifunctional system is expected to generate new paradigms for cancer PTT.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Dongao Liu,Lei Li,Quanxin Gong,Gui Du,Yuhua Xue,Guisheng Li,Shengjuan Li
Developing high-performance and cost-effective microwave-absorbing materials for large-scale production is crucial in addressing the current electromagnetic pollution problem. This has become a focus of scientific research. This study proposes a cost-effective freeze-thaw method to enable large-scale production of MXene-based flexible films. This method streamlines the preparation process and produces ultrathin flexible MXene/CNF composite films with a multidimensional layered structure. The multidimensional layered structure provides additional scattering and reflecting paths for electromagnetic waves, increasing the interaction time between electromagnetic waves and the material. Additionally, the redistributed interfacial charge enhances the dielectric loss and electromagnetic shielding performance for the shielding material, thereby improving microwave absorption efficiency. Owing to these advantages, the MXene/CNF composite films prepared using the freeze-thaw method exhibit excellent electromagnetic shielding and mechanical properties. The conductivity of the composite film can reach 165.9 S cm −1 with a shielding effectiveness of 54.7 dB, and a high efficiency of 99.74 %. According to the simulations using a finite element method (FEM), the arrangement and rotation angles of all CNF layers significantly affect the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the MXenen/CNF composite films.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Jin Duan,Zhe Liu,Xiuchen Wang
Developing flexible materials with combined electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and microwave absorption capabilities holds significant application potential. Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene has emerged as a flexible EMI shielding material due to its thinness, adhesion, flexibility, and dual shielding and absorption properties. High conductivity-induced reflection and layered self-stacking challenges hinder Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene performance enhancement, posing challenges demanding solutions. This study first uses simulations to analyze how functional group modifications and interlayer spacing affect Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's electromagnetic properties. Hydroxyl groups are proposed as key regulators of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's properties. Subsequently, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes were treated with a low-concentration NaOH gradient to modulate hydroxyl groups. Ultrasonic-microwave extraction resolved delamination, enabling ultra-thin film preparation. The treatment caused hydroxyl groups to initially increase and then decrease, with interlayer spacing first contracting and then expanding, achieving synchronous modulation of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's surface functional groups and interlayer spacing. The EMI shielding and microwave absorption of ultrathin films were analyzed, with shielding efficiency correlating positively with hydroxyl group concentration. Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene treated with 0.2 mol/L NaOH exhibited maximum hydroxyl concentration, achieving 48.965 dB shielding at 0.016 mm thickness (SE/t = 3060.320 dB/mm), demonstrating hydroxyl groups' role in improving shielding performance. Wave absorption increased with higher NaOH concentrations, correlating with surface hydroxyl groups. The 0.3 mol/L NaOH-treated MXene showed a 12.883 dB absorption increase versus untreated samples. Additionally, the green shielding index (g s ) of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene films increased by 32.9 % with higher NaOH concentration. Results demonstrate that surface hydroxyl modification and layer spacing adjustment significantly enhance the EMI shielding and wave absorption of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene. Meanwhile, the prepared thin, flexible products have potential applications in aerospace, defense, and flexible electronics.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Lin Chen,Xi Chen,Fei Wang,Yu Tong,Kewei Zhang,Zhengbo Han,Mingzhe Zhang
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are regarded as potential candidate materials with great application prospects in the field of gas sensing. In this study, MOF derivatives were anchored onto MXene sheets through self-assembly technology to prepare a heterojunction material ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene with high specific surface area, achieving ultrafast dual gas sensing behavior for H 2 /NO 2 . At a low temperature of 80°C, the ZnO/ Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene heterojunction sensor exhibited an ultrafast response (23.17%) to 500 ppb H 2 within 3.2 s. After a moderate temperature increase to 180°C, it also demonstrated significant sensing performance (46.3%) to 500 ppb NO 2 within 4 s. The electronic interaction mechanism of ZnO/ Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene heterostructures in H 2 and NO 2 detection was revealed through density functional theory calculations and in-situ Raman spectroscopy, clarifying the influence of interfacial charge transfer on sensing performance. Heterogeneous structures achieve the regulation of gas adsorption-induced electron rearrangement and carrier modulation by constructing interface charge-regulating channels, significantly enhancing the response rate, selectivity and reversibility in the detection of H 2 and NO 2 , thereby enabling highly sensitive and trace detection of the two gases.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Wang Guo,Zhiqiang Ma,Zhou Chen,Haojun Hua,Dong Wang,Mohamed Elhousseini Hilal,Yatian Fu,Pengyi Lu,Jian Lu,Yuanting Zhang,Derek Ho,Bee Luan Khoo
Increasing demand for flexible sensors in healthcare has spurred the development of nanomaterial-polymer composite sensors. However, existing pressure sensors suffer from low sensitivity due to poor interactions between the functional filler and the polymer matrix. For example, the direct chemical bonding of nanomaterials to the surface of chemically inert polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is not easily achieved. Herein, we demonstrate that MXene can significantly promote the sensitivity of a thin and soft piezoresistive sensor based on a surface functionalized PDMS (FPDMS) sponge. Using plasma treatment, we constructed a MXene-FPDMS (MFP) sponge with high mechanical strength via the interlayer hydrogen bonding effect. The formed MFP sponge structure (∼450 μm in thickness) endows the pressure sensor with a high sensitivity of 14.2 kPa −1 and a low modulus of 9.7 kPa, critical for detecting ultra-low pressures. When operated with deep learning algorithms, the MFP sponge sensor successfully classifies the pronunciation of 26 letters and various polite expressions with an average accuracy of 94 ± 0.6 %. We envision that this work paves the way for the development of intelligent wearable platforms.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Siyuan Diao,Lili Meng,Christian Mark Pelicano,Jiajia Huang,Zhihong Tian,Feili Lai,Tianxi Liu,Shaokui Cao
Photothermal responsive hydrogels are widely used in bionic soft actuators due to their remote-controlled capabilities and flexibility. However, their weak mechanical properties and limited responsiveness hinder their potential applications. To overcome this, we developed an innovative laponite/MXene/PNIPAm (LxMyPN) nanocomposite hydrogel that is mechanically robust and exhibits excellent photothermally responsive properties based on abundant hydrogen bonds. Notably, laponite clay is used as a co-cross-linking agent to improve the mechanical properties of LxMyPN hydrogel, while MXene nanosheets are added to promote the photothermal responsiveness. The resulting L3M0.4PN nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits enhanced mechanical properties, with a compressive strength of 0.201 MPa, a tensile strength of 90 kPa, and a fracture toughness of 27.25 kJ m–2. In addition, the L3M0.4PN hydrogel displays a deswelling ratio of 73.6% within 60 s and experiences an excellent volume shrinkage of 82.4% under light irradiation. Furthermore, hydrogel actuators with fast response behaviors are constructed and employed as grippers capable of grasping and releasing target objects. Overall, this high-strength and fast-responsive hydrogel actuator is beneficial to paving the way for remote controlled soft robots.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Mengyao Han,Cuiling Wu,Jingyu Song,Lushun Yang,Ting Zhang,Yajie Chou,Xueyan Du
With the proliferation of electronic devices and wireless technologies, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) has become a critical global concern. Correspondingly, the development of efficient EMI shielding materials with strong electromagnetic wave absorption and reflection is imperative. This study presents the fabrication of sandwich-structured composite films (SCFs) utilizing regenerated cellulose (RC) as the matrix, incorporating Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs) as functional fillers. The SCFs (MXene/RC-Fe 3 O 4 /RC-MXene/RC) were fabricated using an immersion phase conversion method followed by mechanical pressing techniques. The resulting SCFs exhibit a conductivity of 23.8 S/m and a maximum EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 32.52 dB. This performance is attributed to the innovative sandwich architecture, which employs a “reflection-absorption-reflection” mechanism to attenuate electromagnetic waves. In addition, MXene is effectively dispersed in the cellulose matrix, enhancing the mechanical properties of the composite films. Notably, increasing the MXene content from 10 wt% to 40 wt% resulted in a tensile strength increase from 9.42 MPa to 17.10 MPa. This research elucidates a robust and scalable approach for the development of advanced electromagnetic shielding materials.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Wenlong Luo,Qianwen Liu,Baozhong Zhang,Jie Li,Ruidong Li,Tingxi Li,Zhiqiang Sun,Yong Ma
MXene nanosheets are susceptible to self-accumulation during operation, which significantly hampers their application. However, this issue can be effectively addressed through the introduction of intercalation materials. In this study, an MXene/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (MGC) film is prepared using vacuum-assisted filtration. CNTs and rGO nanosheets, as intercalation materials, play a crucial role in forming a stable interlayer structure with MXene nanosheets, resulting in an expansion of the MXene layer spacing and the creation of multi-directional stable ion transport channels. Consequently, a larger number of ion-accessible active sites are exposed. The prepared MGC film exhibits an impressive specific capacitance of 463.5F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 . Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) assembled with the MGC film as the negative electrode and MnO 2 as the positive electrode demonstrates a large voltage window of 1.7 V, a high energy density of 33.95 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 814.8 W kg −1 , and an outstanding capacitance retention rate of 92.9% after 8000 cycles at 3 A g −1 . The optimization strategy for MGC electrodes not only showcases the feasibility of MXene development but also provides crucial technical support for the application of MXene in the emerging generation of portable and flexible wearable energy storage devices.
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Small Methods
·
2023
·Vol. 7
·期 8
·2201526
·
IF 12.4
Yongqiu Xian,Bin Wang,Zifeng Lin
MXenes have been extensively explored as supercapacitor electrodes, especially in acidic aqueous electrolytes, where ultrahigh specific capacitance can be achieved; however, their narrow working potential window (≤ 1.0 V) limits the acquisition of high energy. Neutral and alkaline electrolytes can be used to extend the working potential window but MXenes in these electrolytes are less pseudocapacitive active, which leads to reduced charge storage. In this study, it is shown that Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene in a mild AlCl 3 aqueous electrolyte can operate at a wide potential range from 0 to −1.3 V versus Hg/Hg 2 SO 4 and retain high pseudocapacitive activity. Thus, a high capacity of up to 85 mAh g −1 is achieved, surpassing its performance in H 2 SO 4 electrolyte of 78 mAh g −1 . More interestingly, most of the capacity is released at a more negative potential range than that in acidic electrolytes, making it more suitable as a negative electrode material. In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results suggest that the high capacity originates from the pseudocapacitive intercalation/deintercalation of H + instead of Al 3+ , providing the possibility of coupling MXene anodes with proton redox active cathodes to achieve high-energy and high-power devices.
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Marium Mushtaq,Tingkai Zhao,Abdul Jalil,Syeda Khair Un Nisa,Xianghong Li
Suppressing secondary electromagnetic reflection while maintaining high shielding effectiveness remains a central challenge for conductive MXene-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shields. Here, 2D/0D MXene/BaFe 12 O 19 nanostructures were constructed by electrostatic self-assembly. The assembly combined negatively charged MXene nanosheets with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)-functionalized BaFe 12 O 19 nanoparticles. This surface-charge-mediated assembly suppresses MXene restacking, creates dielectric–magnetic heterointerfaces, and systematically regulates the complex permittivity and permeability. The incorporation of BaFe 12 O 19 moderates the excessive permittivity of MXene and introduces resonance-type magnetic loss. These interrelated effects thereby alleviate the dielectric–magnetic imbalance, allowing more incident electromagnetic energy to enter and be attenuated within the shield. At a thickness of 1 mm paraffin-based toroidal specimen, MXF-3 reaches a maximum total shielding effectiveness (SE T ) of 58.0 dB at 10 GHz, with an absorption shielding effectiveness (SE A ) = 48 dB and reflection shielding effectiveness (SE R ) = 10 dB. Spin-polarized density functional theory calculations reveal orbital coupling and static charge redistribution at the MXene/BaFe 12 O 19 interface, providing electronic-structure insight into the interfacial interactions. These results demonstrate that electrostatic self-assembly is an effective route for preparing powder-based MXene/hexaferrite functional fillers for X-band EMI shielding. Download: Download high-res image (292KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·
IF 7.336
Zhiyi Wu,Shan Zhu,Xiangren Bai,Ming Liang,Xiang Zhang,Naiqin Zhao,Chunnian He
Benefiting from the unique chemical properties and the adjustable layered spacing, MXenes have been paid more attention to the field of energy storage and conversation, especially towards constructing hybrid structure for the use of Li-ion battery anodes. However, most MXene-based composites are achieved by the ex-situ mixing method on the basis of acid-etched MXene, which makes it extremely hard to maintain a good structural stability in the service process. Herein, we proposed a novel one-step in-situ strategy, i.e. SnCl 2 molten salt reaction with Ti 3 AlC 2 for synthesizing Sn-nanoconfined Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene composites. During the synthesis process, SnCl 2 not only executed as the Lewis acid to etch Ti 3 AlC 2 for obtaining Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene, but could also be in-situ transformed to Sn nanoparticles confined between the Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene layers. The 2D layer-confined effect inhibited the spontaneous coarsening of metal Sn at high temperature as well as the huge volume expansion during the electrochemical cycles. Meanwhile, the in-situ formed Sn nanoparticles as pillar played a decisive role in enlarging interlayered active spacing of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene for Li-storage. As a result, the surprising enhancement of electrochemical Li-storage performances could be achieved during long-term cycling. This work provides a novel route to explore the application of MXene based on the molten salt methods.
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