JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2014
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IF 5.211
Xiaobing Wang,Yuanyuan Wang,Lin Yang,Kui Wang,Xiangdong Lou,Bibo Cai
The homogeneous yolk–shell TiO 2 hierarchical microspheres (TiO 2 HYSHMs) consisting of small nanoparticles have been fabricated through a facile template-free solvothermal reaction followed by calcination . The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy , nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the microspheres have porous shell (∼100 nm in thickness) composed of small nanoparticles with an average diameter of 10 nm. The interspace between the yolk and shell is ∼150 nm. The BET specific surface area and pore volume of the sample are 151.1 m 2 g −1 and 0.23 cm 3 g −1 , respectively. Ostwald ripening processes are proposed to explain the growth mechanism of the TiO 2 HYSHMs based on a series of time-dependent experiments. As the anode materials for the lithium ion batteries , TiO 2 HYSHMs exhibit a high initial discharge capacity of 267.6 mAh g −1 at 0.25 C and retain 191 mAh g −1 even after 40 cycles, indicating good electrochemical performance. These good electrochemical performances could be attributed to the short Li-ion and electron pathways , and enough elastic buffer space to accommodate large volume variation of the special yolk–shell hierarchical structure.
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Nanoscale
·
2014
·Vol. 6
·期 17
·10216-10223
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IF 6.739
Huaqiao Tan,Zhao Zhao,Mang Niu,Chengyu Mao,Dapeng Cao,Daojian Cheng,Pingyun Feng,Zaicheng Sun
Colored TiO2 has attracted enormous attention due to its visible light absorption and excellent photocatalytic activity. In this report, we develop a simple and facile solid-state chemical reduction approach for a large-scale production of colored TiO2 at mild temperature (300–350 °C). The obtained sample possesses a crystalline core/amorphous shell structure (TiO2@TiO2−x). The oxygen vacancy results in the formation of a disordered TiO2−x shell on the surface of TiO2 nanocrystals. XPS and theoretical calculation results indicate that valence band tail and vacancy band below the conduction band minimum appear for the TiO2−x, which implies that the TiO2@TiO2−x nanocrystal has a narrow band gap and therefore leads to a broad visible light absorption. Oxygen vacancy in a proper concentration promotes the charge separation of photogenerated carriers, which improves the photocatalytic activity of TiO2@TiO2−x nanocrystals. This facile and general method could be potentially used for large scale production of colored TiO2 with remarkable enhancement in the visible light absorption and solar-driven H2 production.
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ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
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2015
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IF 2.638
Dezhi Chen,Shasha Chen,Hongying Quan,Zhongning Huang,Lin Lu,Xubiao Luo,Lin Guo
Combining hydrothermal treatment and photocatalytic deposition, W 6+ doping TiO 2 composites modified with Au nanoparticles (Au/W–TiO 2 ) were synthesized successfully. A series of characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and N 2 adsorption indicated that the Au nanoparticles are distributed homogeneously on the W 6+ doping TiO 2 clusters with mesoporous structures. The photocatalytic properties of the Au/W–TiO 2 nanocomposites were evaluated through the photodegradation of organic dye in aqueous solution and characterized in detail by UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra and PL fluorescence spectra. Compared with the three samples of pristine TiO 2 , W 6+ doping TiO 2 and Au/TiO 2 , the resulting Au/W–TiO 2 nanocomposites exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic performance for degradation of contaminant under simulated solar light and visible light irradiation. Under simulated solar light irradiation (duration: 15 min), 84.6%, 77.8%, 67.8% and 47.6% of organic dye was decomposed by Au/W–TiO 2 , Au/TiO 2 , W–TiO 2 and bare TiO 2 , respectively. Furthermore, the degradation rate of organic dye is 98%, 90%, 76%, and 62% for Au/W–TiO 2 , Au/TiO 2 , W–TiO 2 and pure TiO 2 under visible light irradiation for 90 min, respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the synergetic effects of W 6+ doping and Au modification, which can effectively improve the light absorption intensity and, the range, increase the adsorption active sites and reduce the electron–hole pair recombination in TiO 2 .
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MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
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2015
·
IF 1.227
Z. L. Zhang,M. L. Wang,Y. L. Mao
In this paper, heterojunction semiconductors of Sb-SnO2/TiO2 were prepared with varying molar ratios of Sb-SnO2 to TiO2. The separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers was characterised by the surface photovoltage (SPV) technique, and the trap density was measured by an electrochemical method. The trap density was measured to be 7·48×1016, 6·01×1016, 5·43×1016, and 6·61×1016 cm−2 for TiO2 and Sb-SnO2/TiO2 films with molar ratios of 1, 2, and 3%, respectively. The SPV enhancement was estimated to be 1, 1·36, 7·64, and 6·36 for TiO2 and Sb-SnO2/TiO2 films with molar ratios of 1, 2, and 3%, respectively. The results indicate that SPV enhancement increases with decreasing trap density, which demonstrates that the trap density is an important factor affecting the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers in heterojunction semiconductors.
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Acta Biomaterialia
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2014
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IF 5.684
Tianyi Wang,Haitao Jiang,Long Wan,Qinfu Zhao,Tongying Jiang,Bing Wang,Siling Wang
Novel multifunctional porous titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles modified with polyethylenimine (PEI) were developed to explore the feasibility of exploiting the photocatalytic property of titanium dioxide to achieve ultraviolet (UV) light triggered drug release. Additionally, in order to further realize targeting delivery, folic acid , which chemically conjugated to the surface of the functionalized multifunctional porous TiO 2 nanoparticles through amide linkage with free amine groups of PEI, was used as a cancer-targeting agent to effectively promote cancer-cell-specific uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis . And a typical poorly water-soluble anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel, was encapsulated in multifunctional porous TiO 2 nanoparticles. The PEI on the surface of multifunctional porous TiO 2 nanoparticles could effectively block the channel to prevent premature drug release, thus providing enough circulation time to target cancer cells. Following UV light radiation, PEI molecules on the surface were cut off by the free radicals (OH and O 2 −) that TiO 2 produced, and then the drug loaded in the carrier was released rapidly into the cytoplasm. Importantly, the amount of drug released from multifunctional porous TiO 2 nanoparticles can be regulated by the UV-light radiation time to further control the anti-cancer effect. This multifunctional porous TiO 2 nanoparticle exhibits a combination of stimuli-triggered drug release and cancer cell targeting. The authors believe that the present study will provide important information for the use of porous TiO 2 nanomaterials in light-controlled drug release and targeted therapy.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2014
·
IF 2.726
Chengbin Liu,Deshui Meng,Yue Li,Longlu Wang,Yutang Liu,Shenglian Luo
A unique hierarchical architecture of ZnS–In 2 S 3 solid solution nanostructures onto TiO 2 nanofibers (TiO 2 @ZnS–In 2 S 3 ) has been successfully fabricated by simple hydrothermal method. The ZnS–In 2 S 3 solid solution nanostructures exhibit a diversity of morphologies: nanosheet, nanorod and nanoparticle. The porous TiO 2 nanofiber templates effectively inhibit the aggregation growth of ZnS–In 2 S 3 solid solution. The formation of ZnS–In 2 S 3 solid solution is proved by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the intimate contact between TiO 2 nanofibers and ZnS–In 2 S 3 solid solution favors fast transfer of photogenerated electrons. The trinary TiO 2 @ZnS–In 2 S 3 heterostructures exhibit high adsorption capacity and visible light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B dye (RhB), remarkably superior to pure TiO 2 nanofibers or binary structures (ZnS/TiO 2 nanofibers, In 2 S 3 /TiO 2 nanofibers and ZnS–In 2 S 3 solid solution). Under visible light irradiation the RhB photocatalytic degradation rate over TiO 2 @ZnS–In 2 S 3 heterostructures is about 16.7, 12.5, 6.3, 5.9, and 2.2 times that over pure TiO 2 nanofibers, ZnS nanoparticles, In 2 S 3 /TiO 2 nanofibers, ZnS/TiO 2 nanofibers, and ZnS-In 2 S 3 solid solution, respectively. Furthermore, the TiO 2 @ZnS–In 2 S 3 heterostructures show highly stable recycling performance.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2014
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IF 5.825
Lingnan Wang,Weiguang Ma,Shiyu Gan,Dongxue Han,Qixian Zhang,Li Niu
Dietary antioxidants as health promoters for human beings have attracted much attention and triggered tremendous efforts in evaluation of the antioxidant capacity. Unfortunately, no versatile detection system has been designed to date. Due to the possible synergistic effect among antioxidant components in a diversified system, to isolate and quantify an individual antioxidant via a chromatography approach limits the scope for global antioxidant activity assay. Quality inspections with a spectroscopy strategy to any colored food are far from satisfactory. Herein, a photoelectrochemical (PEC) platform with an ultrasensitive titanium dioxide decorated sulfonated graphene (SGE-TiO2) based transducer was introduced for antioxidant monitoring. Under an open circuit potential (zero potential), with extraordinary response, excellent reproducibility and stability, this PEC sensor could be successfully applied for rational analysis of the global antioxidant capacity. Such a highly efficient strategy showed advantages such as simplicity, convenience, high sensitivity and universality, which were also applicable to the detection of colored system. Moreover, the PEC sensor could be employed for practical evaluation of antioxidant capacity of teas. The concerned mechanism was further proposed and adequately discussed. This straightforward yet powerful approach provides a general format for dietary antioxidant assessment in foodstuff industries.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2013
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IF 3.777
Bobby Sebo,Niu Huang,Yumin Liu,Qidong Tai,Liangliang Liang,Hao Hu,Sheng Xu,Xing-Zhong Zhao
Light harvesting in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) mediated by plasmonic metallic nanoparticles and sub-micron light-scattering metal oxides is a facile and cost-effective approach to achieving high device performance. Ag nanoparticles , protected by thin shells of TiO 2 , were incorporated in TiO 2 photoanode. The large plasmonic near-field intensity generated by these nanoparticles caused an 18.3% rise in photocurrent , which resulted in an enhanced efficiency of 6.23% as compared to 5.29% efficiency of DSSC based on unmodified TiO 2 photoanode. In addition, DSSC with TiO 2 nanofibers (NFs) embedded in TiO 2 photoanode was also constructed, which because of the efficient light scattering ability of the nanofibers, attained an efficiency of 7.14% as a result of a current rise of 36.9%. Another DSSC was assembled with Ag NPs added to the photoanode of the NFs-based DSSC to further boost cell performance. The addition of Ag NPs, however, did not produce an appreciable change in the cell performance. The reason for this unexpected outcome was probably due to the low internal resistance associated with charge recombination and large resistance to electron transport in the cell as determined by electrochemical impedance analysis computed in this work.
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MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
·
2013
·
IF 1.913
Houbao Cao,Pingfan Du,Lixin Song,Jie Xiong,Junjie Yang,Tonghai Xing,Xin Liu,Rongrong Wu,Minchao Wang,Xiaoli Shao
In this paper, core/sheath TiO 2 /SiO 2 nanofibers with tunable sheath thickness were directly fabricated via a facile co-electrospinning technique with subsequent calcination at 500 °C. The morphologies and structures of core/sheath TiO 2 /SiO 2 nanofibers were characterized by TGA, FESEM, TEM, FTIR, XPS and BET. It was found that the 1D core/sheath nanofibers are made up of anatase–rutile TiO 2 core and amorphous SiO 2 sheath. The influences of SiO 2 sheath and its thickness on the photoreactivity were evaluated by observing photo-degradation of methylene blue aqueous solution under the irradiation of UV light. Compared with pure TiO 2 nanofibers, the core/sheath TiO 2 /SiO 2 nanofibers performed a better catalytic performance. That was attributed to not only efficient separation of hole–electron pairs resulting from the formation of heterojunction but also larger surface area and surface silanol group which will be useful to provide higher capacity for oxygen adsorption to generate more hydroxyl radicals. And the optimized core/sheath TiO 2 /SiO 2 nanofibers with a sheath thickness of 37 nm exhibited the best photocatalytic performance.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2015
·
IF 4.772
Yunfang Ji,Wei Guo,Huihui Chen,Longshuai Zhang,Song Chen,Mutian Hua,Yuhan Long,Zhuo Chen
Constructing unique nanocomposites to facilitate charge transfer and promote catalytic activity provides a promising approach for enhancing solar-to-hydrogen efficiency. However, revealing the catalytic surface state and understanding their roles in the photocatalytic process remain elusive. Here, we develop a facile and mild solution method for ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets with a large specific surface area and enhanced surface Ti3+ accumulation. Moreover, we demonstrate a hybrid nanosystem composed of ultrathin 2D TiO2 nanosheets directly coupled with 0D CdSe QDs for hydrogen generation. The 0D CdSe QDs increase visible light absorption ability after being coupled with the TiO2 nanosheets. Owing to the synergistic effect between the quantum dots and nanosheets, the apparent quantum efficiency increases to 45% at 380 and 450 nm, and the H2 evolution exhibits a 10-fold enhancement. EPR results indicate that the surface Ti3+ greatly promotes H free radical production due to the redox couple Ti3+/Ti4+ providing an efficient route for the photoexcited electron–hole separation. Our findings provide new insights toward understanding and exploiting highly efficient photocatalyst.
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
·
2017
·
IF 7.78
Hui-Fang Cui,Wen-Wen Wu,Meng-Meng Li,Xiaojie Song,Yuanxu Lv,Ting-Ting Zhang
A highly stable electrochemical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor for detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) was developed simply by adsorption of AChE on chitosan (CS), TiO 2 sol-gel, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) based multi-layered immobilization matrix (denoted as CS @ TiO 2 -CS/rGO). The biosensor fabrication conditions were optimized, and the fabrication process was probed and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques . The matrix has a mesoporous nanostructure . Incorporation of CS and electrodeposition of a CS layer into/on the TiO 2 sol-gel makes the gel become mechanically strong. The catalytic activity of the AChE immobilized CS @ TiO 2 -CS/rGO/glassy carbon electrode to acetylthiocholine is significantly higher than those missing any one of the component in the matrix. The detection linear range of the biosensor to dichlorvos , a model OP compound, is from 0.036 μM (7.9 ppb) to 22.6 μM, with a limit of detection of 29 nM (6.4 ppb) and a total detection time of about 25 min. The biosensor is very reproducibly and stable both in detection and in storage, and can accurately detect the dichlorvos levels in cabbage juice samples, providing an efficient platform for immobilization of AChE, and a promisingly applicable OPs biosensor with high reliability, simplicity, and rapidness.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2017
·
IF 5.651
Jin Qian,Kun Li,Peifang Wang,Chao Wang,Mengmeng Shen,Jingjing Liu,Bianhe Lu,Xin Tian
Comparative toxicity of three typical TiO 2 NPs (Anatase, Rutile, and Degussa P25, 50 mg/L respectively) under UVC irradiation (An + UV, Ru + UV, and P25 + UV) on production and chemical characteristics of EPS in freshwater biofilms were investigated. Rutile was more stable in lake water, yet P25 and anatase were endowed with better photo-oxidation capacity. TiO 2 NPs + UV enhanced total EPS, manifesting as LB-EPS increased by 98.16% (An + UV), 143.03% (Ru + UV), and 48.21% (P25 + UV), while TB-EPS increased to 1.51 (An + UV), 1.36 (Ru + UV), and 1.61 (P25 + UV) times greater than control without NPs and UVC, being mainly attributed to increase of polysaccharide and proteins. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum revealed tyrosine (An + UV and P25 + UV) and tryptophan (P25 + UV) protein-like substances vanished in LB-EPS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated P O (An + UV and P25 + UV) and C O or C O C (P25 + UV) disappeared in EPS. P25 + UV and An + UV caused more lactate dehydrogenase release, while Ru + UV induced more reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production, consistent with decreased in cells viability.
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