JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.4
Zhang Xing,Xia Dan,Ding Shaochun,Wu Yihui,Xu Yahai
Electrolysis of seawater presents a sustainable pathway to green hydrogen production, utilizing both the abundant source of seawater and from renewable energy. Yet, the slow anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) necessitates alternative, where urea oxidation reaction (UOR) intermediate shows promise due to its favorable thermodynamic potential. In this work, we report a simple synthetic method to prepare an iron-cobalt (Fe–Co) electrocatalyst directly onto Ni foam via cyclic voltammetric (CV) electrodeposition. The catalyst demonstrates outstanding UOR activity in 1 M KOH + 0.33 M urea seawater, achieving low potentials of 1.335 V and 1.458 V at 10 and 100 mA·cm −2 , respectively, a Tafel slope of 133.8 mV·dec −1 , and a charge-transfer resistance (Rct) of 0.81 Ω. It exhibits a high mass activity of 13.24 mA·mg −1 at 1.45 V and maintains stable operation for over 70 h at 10 mA·cm −2 . The excellent UOR performance, coupled with the electronic structure reconstruction induced by Co doping, suggests the formation of more active sites with optimized electronic configurations, which favors the key steps of urea oxidation. Additionally, the superhydrophilic surface of the electrocatalyst Fe–Co permits quick and complete electrolyte infiltration, which creates a highly accessible reaction interface and therefore increases catalytic activity. Given its low-cost synthesis, simple preparation method, remarkable UOR activity, and long-life operation stability, the electrocatalyst Fe–Co is one of the most promising candidates to enhance urea-assisted, sustainable electrolytic hydrogen production technologies.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Cheng Ming,Sun Xiaoxian,Zhang Peng,Tuerdi Ailijiang,Li Zhaoling,Xiong Shijie,Lan Jintong,Liu Xiao,Gong Jinlong
Electrocatalytic chlorine-mediated propylene oxidation utilizing seawater represents a promising route for sustainable propylene oxide (PO) synthesis. Unfortunately, inefficient utilization of active chlorine species results in compromised yield and Faradaic efficiency (F.E.). Herein, we achieve efficient chlorine radical-mediated propylene to PO by incorporating Li into Co 3 O 4 , attaining a PO F.E. approaching 99.0% and a yield of 20.6 mol/m 2 /h in simulated seawater with long-term stability for over 100 h. Furthermore, a PO yield of 78.9 mol/m 2 /h is obtained even under an industrial-level current density of 0.5 A cm -2 , demonstrating competitive performance compared with most reported noble metal catalysts. Mechanistic investigations reveal that Li doping transforms the adsorption configuration of Cl – on Co 3 O 4 from linear Co-Cl structure to more favorable triangular Li-Cl-O configuration, thereby enhancing •Cl generation, and consequently redirecting propylene oxidation from conventional HClO pathway to a more efficient •Cl route. This work advances the mechanistic understanding of the mechanism of electrocatalytic propylene oxidation and offers great opportunities for the sustainable synthesis of commercial chemicals using waste lithium-ion batteries, seawater, and renewable electricity.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhang Mengya,Yu Tongcheng,Liu Hao,Lin Chao,Yang Yaping,Lv Bowen,Zhang Qi,Chen Ming,Wang Tianshuai,Hua Weihong,Han Kai
Monitoring the evolution of molecules during photo and thermal synergistically induced physical and chemical processes is of paramount interest in fields including chemical, material, and energy research. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly promising technology in this regard, offering advantages of sensitivity, real-time, and label-free detection. However, the application of conventional SERS in high-temperature environments has faced challenges due to the inevitable loss of activity and decline in sensitivity. Herein, we synthesize Au-TiO 2 nanoarrays as SERS substrates, and an anomalous enhancement of Raman signal with increasing temperature is observed. The signal intensity increases by 11.41 times at 180 °C compared to that at 22 °C. This high-temperature enhancement in Raman activity is attributed to an underlying mechanism: heat-assisted hot-hole transfer, which enables 785 nm photon-induced hot-hole transfer from Au to TiO 2 . Our work expands the application of the SERS technique for high-temperature chemical analysis and molecular diagnostics.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Nature Protocols
·
2026
·
IF 18.4
Zhang Yingying,Wu Yingnan,Jing Zehao,Chen Xiaoqiang,Li Mingle,Peng Xiaojun
Photodynamic therapy using an appropriate photocatalyst results in the production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species for tumor ablation. However, the inherent O 2 dependence of conventional photodynamic therapy limits its clinical translation. To overcome this challenge, here we developed a selenium-substituted Nile blue derivative (ENBSe) as a versatile O 2 -independent photocatalyst. Under near-infrared light irradiation, ENBSe can drive the biological oxidation of NADH to NAD + while simultaneously triggering the cascade reduction of cytochrome c (Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺), even in the absence of O 2 . To improve tumor specificity and targeting, we further developed a conditionally activatable photoredox catalysis (ConAPC) system. ENBSe is covalently attached to 4-nitrobenzyl chloride via a carbonic anhydride bond, wherein the nitro group can be specifically cleaved by nitroreductase (NTR), an enzyme overexpressed in hypoxic tissues. Such ConAPC design prevents reaction with NADH and quenches the fluorescences of ENBSe, which means that the drug molecule, ENBSe–NTR, is catalytically inactive. ENBSe–NTR is, to our knowledge, the first tumor microenvironment-responsive ConAPC molecule that enables O 2 -free, tumor-specific catalytic therapy. By replacing the 4-nitrobenzyl chloride group, it might be possible to target cells with different microenvironmental conditions. This protocol presents a standardized workflow encompassing the synthesis of ENBSe and its application for photocatalytic modulation of cellular electron flow in the mitochondrial electron transport chain via an O 2 -independent mechanism of action. The outlined protocol specifies a synthesis period of ~4 d for ENBSe, ~4 h for photoredox spectroscopic characterization and 4–5 weeks for photodiagnostic assessment in cancer cell and mice models.
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PubMed
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Science China-Materials
·
2026
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IF 7.7
Zhang Wen,Zhang Qiong,Zhang Ruixue,Liu Zhihao,Li Hongdong,Wu Zexing,Zhang Yang,Xu Guang-Rui,Wang Lei
The demand for Cl 2 is increasing globally, and the chlorine evolution from seawater is a promising technique in the chlor-alkali field to generate chlorine gas. Here, we constructed a novel hollow porous CoNiSe 2 /NiSe 2 nanosheet array for the electrosynthesis of chlorine in seawater-like solution. The CoNiSe 2 /NiSe 2 heterostructures were generated by ion exchange and calcination, which can improve their stability. Moreover, the formed porous hollow nanostructures show an ultra-high specific surface area due to the unique morphology and crystal structure, which can provide channels for mass transfer between the electrolyte and the surface of catalysts and expose more catalytically active sites for accelerating the reaction process. What is impressive is that the hybrid coupling of the Se 4p orbital and the Co/Ni 3d orbital in the heterointerface further reduces the reaction energy barrier of the chlorine evolution reaction (CER). The hollow porous CoNiSe 2 /NiSe 2 nanosheet arrays only exhibit an overpotential of 108 mV to reach the current density of 100 mA cm −2 in an acidic medium containing 4.0 M NaCl. Furthermore, the hollow porous CoNiSe 2 /NiSe 2 nanosheet arrays showed excellent stability and Cl 2 selectivity. The designed transition metal selenides provide a choice for the further development of non-noble metal-based catalysts in the chlor-alkali industry.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
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2026
·
IF 2.9
Zhang Zhiwei,Nie Yuhang,Zhang Lianke,Wei Zhiqiang,Li Dandan,Qin Haiying,Ni Hualiang,Li Yangyang,He Junjing
Atomically dispersed catalysts, characterized by their high atom utilization efficiency and distinct catalytic activity, exhibit advantages in reducing fuel cell costs. Herein, we synthesized Co/N/C atomic catalysts by acid leaching of CoO/N/C prepared through carbothermal shock. The resulting Co/N/C-130 demonstrates outstanding performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. It displays a half-wave potential ( E 1/2 ) of 0.82 V and a Tafel slope of 47.1 mV dec −1 . Furthermore, it exhibits excellent stability with a positive E 1/2 shift of 6 mV after 40,000 cycles. When applied as a cathode catalyst in a direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC), Co/N/C-130 achieves a maximum power density of 396 mW cm −2 at 60 °C. Long-term durability test at 50 mA cm −2 reveals a power retention of 90.8% after 24 h and 76.3% after 50 h. These results demonstrate that Co/N/C-130 atomic catalyst is a highly efficient and durable non-precious metal catalyst for ORR. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2026
·Vol. 37
·期 6
·450
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IF 3.2
Sun Huapeng,Zhang Anlin,Zhang Yu,Li Linghuan,Deng Xiaohong,Zhong Min,Deng Bin
The pursuit of white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with high color rendering index (CRI) and stable chromaticity remains a significant challenge. This work presents a novel oxyapatite-type ZnLa 4 (SiO 4 ) 3 O:Dy 3+ phosphors as a key component to address this issue. Under 387 nm excitation, the optimized ZnLa 4 (SiO 4 ) 3 O:2 mol%Dy 3+ phosphor exhibits intense emissions at 480, 572, and 663 nm, corresponding to the electronic transitions from the 4 F 9/2 level to the 6 H 15/2 , 6 H 13/2 , and 6 H 11/2 levels, respectively. The concentration quenching mechanism is identified as dipole–dipole interaction, with the optimal doping level at 2 mol%. The phosphor demonstrates excellent color stability, emitting in the yellow region. More importantly, the WLED fabricated with this phosphor exhibited a high CRI ( R a = 89), a favorable correlated color temperature (CCT = 5740 K), and CIE (Commission International de L’ Eclairage) coordinates (0.327, 0.334) remarkably close to pure white light (0.333, 0.333). These results underscore the great potential of ZnLa 4 (SiO 4 ) 3 O:Dy 3+ phosphors for high-quality solid-state lighting.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
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2026
·Vol. 55
·期 4
·3556-3564
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IF 2.8
Deng Yaxin,Ma Yulong,Tan Yongtao
Porous carbon materials have long been a research focus in supercapacitor electrode materials owing to their excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, and good chemical stability. Herein, we propose an approach for the preparation of porous carbon materials using the ice crystal template method combined with carbonization and activation of chitosan and dopamine hydrochloride polymer networks as precursors. The effects of the ratio of precursors to KOH activator on the electrochemical performance of the materials are systematically studied. The results show that the optimized sample exhibited a high specific capacitance of 317.8 F g −1 . Furthermore, the device assembled with this material as the negative electrode and self-made Ni(OH) 2 as the positive electrode delivered energy density of 18.7 Wh kg −1 with capacitance retention of 96% after 10,000 cycles.
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Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
·
2026
·Vol. 30
·期 3
·29
·
IF 2.9
Zhang Longqian,Wang Fang,Gao Yuan,Xu Zhenrong,Shu Jie,Wang Junke,Zhang Li
This study presents a portable and accurate nitrite detection system that integrates a differential gradient analysis with smartphone-assisted microfluidic colorimetry to improve detection efficiency and precision. A bidirectional concentration gradient was established via diffusion within a PDMS-based microfluidic chip, significantly reducing the dependency on standard calibration and shortening the total detection time to within 15 minutes. Sample images were captured using a smartphone camera, and nitrite concentrations were quantified through RGB color analysis using a custom-developed mobile application. The implementation of the differential colorimetric method significantly improved detection accuracy, particularly at low concentrations, reducing the measurement error from 9.12% (conventional methods) to 1.93%. The platform demonstrates compatibility with various smartphone models, thereby eliminating the need for bulky instrumentation or specialized training. These features collectively enhance its potential for rapid point-of-care testing. Overall, the proposed method offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for quantifying colorimetric-responsive analytes in resource-limited settings. The successful integration of microfluidic technology with smartphone-based analysis not only advances nitrite detection performance but also opens new avenues for detecting other analytes, underscoring its broad applicability in field applications.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2026
·Vol. 61
·期 12
·7950-7967
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IF 4.4
Feng Changjian,Yang Hongkai,Huang Lilan,Lv Lin,Li Jiao
In this study, a La-doped flexible hydrophobic Al 2 O 3 fiber membrane was fabricated via electrospinning technology, and the influence of La doping on the mechanical properties and surface wettability of the Al 2 O 3 fiber membrane was systematically investigated. The results showed that the La-doped modified alumina nanofiber membrane has tunable fiber diameters (180–480 nm) and a highly interconnected porous network, which enhanced the efficiency and flux of oil–water separation. The incorporating an appropriate amount of rare earth La atoms, specifically at a La/Al atomic ratio of 0.125 (La-Al 2 O 3 -2), effectively enhanced the flexibility and tensile strength of the membrane. Concurrently, hydrophobic La 2 O 3 formed on the fiber surface, which transformed the membrane from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. As a result, the La-doped Al 2 O 3 membrane exhibited excellent anti-fouling performance, high permeation flux, and efficient oil–water separation. However, excessive La addition led to a significant decline in the flexibility and tensile strength of the Al 2 O 3 fiber membrane, whereas the hydrophobic surface was largely preserved. Among all samples, the La-Al 2 O 3 -2 fiber membrane exhibited superior flexibility and tensile strength. In oil–water separation applications, it achieved a high permeation flux of 2921 L/(m 2 ·h) and a separation efficiency of 98.4%; meanwhile, the good reusability was also obtained. Graphical abstract
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High Temperature Corrosion of Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 103
·期 2
·19
·
IF 2.2
Liu Qinghua,Han Lu,Wu Mingzhen,Wang Guoao,Liu Jiazhan
The synergistic oxidative and tellurium-induced (Te-induced) corrosion of the fast-reactor candidate 15–15Ti austenitic stainless steel under high oxygen potentials was investigated in this study. Specimens were exposed at 900 K in both Te-free and Te-containing environments, with the oxygen potentials controlled using Mo/MoO 2 and Ni/NiO redox buffers. Under Te-free conditions, a duplex oxide scale formed on 15–15Ti, comprising an Fe-rich outer oxide layer and a Cr-enriched inner oxide layer. In contrast, in the presence of Te, a markedly thicker multilayer reaction scale developed, consisting of four distinct layers arranged from the surface inward: (i) a Mn–O outer oxide layer; (ii) an Fe–Ni–Te metallic telluride layer; (iii) a Cr-enriched outer telluride reaction layer with Cr 3 Te 4 as the dominant phase; and (iv) an inner Te/Cr-enriched reaction layer, in which a phase consistent with Cr 2 Te 4 O 11 was identified. These findings indicate that, under high oxygen potentials, corrosion of 15–15Ti is governed by the coupled action of Te and oxidation. The introduction of Te more strongly promotes outward diffusion of metal cations (especially Fe) and suppresses the formation of a protective Cr-rich oxide layer, thereby markedly accelerating scale thickening and stabilizing the multilayer architecture.
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Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
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2026
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IF 3.6
Liang Fengxiang,Liu Wenqi,Liu Jia,Xue Yanting,Li Yuxian,Zhang Haipeng,Guan Lili
The edible mushroom industry generates substantial agricultural by-products (e.g., Pleurotus ostreatus residues, POR) rich in polysaccharides. This study innovatively applied multiple extraction methods to obtain Pleurotus ostreatus residues polysaccharides (PORPs) for the first time, systematically investigating their physicochemical, structural, functional, and bioactive properties, thereby filling the existing knowledge gap. Among the six PORPs extracted, hot water-extracted PORPs (PORP-H) and hot alkali-extracted PORPs (PORP-B) showed higher yields; ultrasonic-assisted extracted PORPs (PORP-U) and hot water-hot alkali sequentially extracted PORPs (PORP-HB) exhibited distinct functional advantages, thus highlighting the specificity of each method in tailoring PORP characteristics. All six PORPs consisted of 9 monosaccharides, shared analogous functional groups, displayed good thermostability, contained plentiful branched chains, and lacked a triple-helix structure, with molecular weights ranging from 432.50 kDa (PORP-U) to 590.10 kDa (PORP-H). PORP-B showed the strongest in vitro antioxidant activity; acid-extracted PORPs (PORP-A) effectively promoted the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), indicating potential prebiotic effects. PORP-H and PORP-HB exhibited superior foaming capacity (FC) (135.25 ± 1.06% and 132.67 ± 2.75%) and foaming stability (FS) (120.25 ± 0.35% and 119.67 ± 0.76%). PORP-U had better water-holding capacity (WHC) (1.42 ± 0.21 g water/g) and emulsifying activity index (EAI) (12.85 ± 0.33 m 2 /g), while PORP-H demonstrated the best emulsifying stability index (ESI) (73.99 ± 2.25 min). These findings demonstrate that PORPs extracted by appropriate methods possess high bioactivity and functional properties, supporting their promising application in functional foods. Graphical
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