MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 22
·7554
·
IF 4.6
Pengfei Jiao,Xingmei He,Shihua Ma,Shengping Wang,Qiuhong Niu
The development of natural antioxidants to replace synthetic compounds is attractive.Perilla frutescensleaves were proven to be rich in antioxidants. The extraction of antioxidants from Perilla leaves via ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) based on choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was studied. Firstly, several DESs were prepared, and their extraction effects were compared. Secondly, the extraction process was optimized by single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM). Finally, the optimization results were verified and compared with the results of traditional solvent-based UAE. The effects of solvents on the surface cell morphology ofPerilla frutescensleaves were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Choline chloride-acetic acid-based DES (ChCl-AcA) extract showed a relatively high ferric-reducing antioxidant activity (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhyldrazyl radical scavenging rate (DPPH). Under the optimal operating conditions (temperature 41 °C, liquid–solid ratio 33:1, ultrasonic time 30 min, water content 25%, ultrasonic power 219 W), the experimental results are as follows: DPPH64.40% and FRAP0.40 mM Fe(II)SE/g DW. The experimental and predicted results were highly consistent with a low error (<3.38%). The values of the DPPH and FRAP were significantly higher than that for the water, ethanol, and butanol-based UAE. SEM analysis confirmed that ChCl-AcA enhanced the destruction of the cell wall, so that more antioxidants were released. This study provides an eco-friendly technology for the efficient extraction of antioxidants fromPerilla frutescensleaves. The cytotoxicity and biodegradability of the extract will be further verified in a future work.Keywords:extraction;deep eutectic solvent;natural antioxidant;response surface optimization;Perilla leaf
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Zhishuai Wang,Fengyun Su,Hailong Cao,Mengzhen Tian,Xiang Li,Haiquan Xie,Xiaoli Jin,Zhengdao Li,Xin Ying Kong
Amidst the impending energy crisis and escalating concerns about global warming, photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emerges as a promising solution. However, the practical application of this technology has been hindered by challenges such as the poor photoresponse of existing photocatalysts toward visible light, inefficient separation efficiency of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, and subpar product selectivity. This work simultaneously addresses these limitations by enhancing the activity of photocatalytic CO 2 reduction through the strategic incorporation of nickel oxide (NiO) onto niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ). In this study, Nb 2 O 5 was prepared using the hydrothermal and calcination methods, culminating in the synthesis of NiO-supported Nb 2 O 5 achieved through the photodeposition method. The resulting 2 %-NIONBO photocatalyst with the optimal loading of NiO exhibited a remarkable methane (CH 4 ) production yield of 29.65 μmol/g/h, a striking 6.2-fold improvement over solitary NBO. In addition, the useful carbon monoxide (CO) fuel was also detected from the photoreduction of CO 2 , where 2 %-NIONBO exhibited a CO yield of 7.22 μmol/g/h, demonstrating a 3.4-fold enhancement over NBO, along with an outstanding CH 4 selectivity of 80.42 %. This study provides insights into the design and development of Nb-based photocatalysts for significantly enhanced efficiency in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction, paving the way for advancements in sustainable energy solutions and addressing environmental issues.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.4
Kui Yang,Xinyuan Zhang,Daoyuan Zu,Hongjian Zhou,Jinxing Ma,Zhifeng Yang
A flow-through anode has demonstrated high efficiency for micropollutant abatement in water purification. In addition to developing novel electrode materials, a rational design of its porous structure is crucial to achieve high electrooxidation kinetics while sustaining a low cost for flow-through operation. However, our knowledge of the relationship between the pore structure and its performance is still incomplete. Therefore, we systematically explore the effect of pore size (with a median from 4.7 to 49.4 μm) on the flow-through anode efficiency. Results showed that when the pore size was <26.7 μm, the electrooxidation kinetics was insignificantly improved, but the permeability declined dramatically. Traditional empirical evidence from hydrodynamic modeling and electrochemical tests indicated that a flow-through anode with a smaller pore size (e.g., 4.7 μm) had a high mass transfer capability and large electroactive area. However, this did not further accelerate the micropollutant removal. Combining an overpotential distribution model and an imprinting method has revealed that the reactivity of a flow-through anode is related to the catalytically active volume/sites. The rapid overpotential decay as a function of depth in the anode would offset the merits arising from a small pore size. Herein, we demonstrate an optimal pore size distribution (∼20 μm) of typical flow-through anodes to maximize the process performance at a low energy cost, providing insights into the design of advanced flow-through anodes in water purification applications.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Pengjia Sun,Jian Xiong,Ping Sun,Yingsen Fang,Hongxia Liu,Hui Liu,Bitao Xiong,Hui Wang,Xing'ao Li
Metal-doped g-C 3 N 4 materials have been extensively investigated and utilized as catalysts in the domain of wastewater treatment. In this study, additional O was introduced in Mn-doped g-C 3 N 4 (MCN) to synthesize Mn/O co-doped material (MOCN), and a new non-radical oxidation system of periodate (PI) activation with MOCN was established for degradation of pollutants. The results indicated that additional O doping can enhance the catalytic performance of MOCN. This was primarily demonstrated by the 3.5-fold increase in the degradation rate ( k ) of sulfadiazine (SDZ) by MOCN/PI system compared to MCN/PI one. Simultaneously, density functional theory (DFT) calculations have revealed that MOCN material exhibit a higher affinity for adsorbing PI (adsorption energy E ads = −4.992 eV), resulting in an elongation of the I-O bond length ( l I-O = 1.874 Å) and facilitating bond cleavage of PI to generate reactive active species (ROS). The reaction process was confirmed to be primarily driven by non-radical singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), as demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free radical quenching experiments. In addition, possible degradation pathways of SDZ were proposed based on the identified intermediate products and the calculated Fukui constants. The MOCN/PI catalytic system was highly efficient and environmentally friendly, with great potential for development in sewage treatment.
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Nano Research
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Yang Mengmeng,Chen Zhaofeng,Ding Yang,Qiong Wu,Liu Tianlong,Li Manna,Yang Lixia,Cui Sheng
Ceramic fibrous aerogels are highly desirable for thermal management materials due to their high porosity, excellent elasticity, thermal conductivity, and good thermal resistance. However, the fabrication of nanofibrous aerogel with super-elasticity and good shape retention at the same time has remained challenging. To meet the requirements, a novel anisotropy nanofibrous-granular aerogel with a quasi-layered multi-arch-like and hierarchical-cellular structure is designed and prepared by vacuum-filtration-assisted freeze-drying and sintering. The quasi-layered multi-arch and flexible nanofibers endowed the aerogels with excellent mechanical robustness (ultimate stress up to 60 kPa with strain 60%) and super-elasticity with recoverable compression strain up to 60%. The introduced SiO 2 aerogel nanoparticles and nanofibers are assembled into an arch-like structure and become the connection point of adjacent nanofibers, which endows low thermal conductivity (0.024 mW/(mK)) of composite aerogel. This novel strategy provides a fresh perspective for the preparation of nanofibrous aerogel with robust mechanical in thermal insulation and other fields.
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 23
·7743
·
IF 4.6
Dongao Zhu,Lixian Xu,Beibei Zhang,Linhua Zhu,Jing He,Hongping Li,Huaming Li,Wei Jiang
Acidic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been considered desirable extractants and catalysts for desulfurization. However, their hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) are usually sole organic acids, which are not conducive to efficient green catalysis. Herein, a novel inorganic–organic dual-acid DES (DADES) was reported for efficient extractive and oxidative desulfurization. Benefiting from the physical interaction among the three components in a DADES, a transparent homogeneous liquid can be obtained even though inorganic acid (boric acid, BA) and organic acid (acetic acid, AA) can be immiscible. Furthermore, the dual-acid HBD can increase the acidity of the DADES and reduce its viscosity, accelerating its mass transfer efficiency and enhancing its catalytic activity. With 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) as the hydrogen bond acceptor, [Bmim]Cl/BA/0.3AA effectively activated hydrogen peroxide and achieved sulfur removal of 96.6% at 40 °C. Furthermore, the universality of the synergistic effect in various DADESs was confirmed by the modulation of the types of organic acids. This study not only motivates the construction of more intriguing novel DESs based on the DADES concept but also highlights their potential in clean fuel production.Keywords:dual-acid deep eutectic solvent;inorganic and organic acids;synergistic effect;oxidative desulfurization;mechanism
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 21
·7396
·
IF 4.6
Huihui Chen,Mei Yang,Yuan Liu,Jun Yue,Guangwen Chen
The design and fabrication of nanomaterials with controllable morphology and size is of critical importance to achieve excellent catalytic performance in heterogeneous catalysis. In this work, cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanostructures with different morphologies (nanoplates, microflowers, nanorods and nanocubes) were successfully constructed in order to establish the morphology–property–performance relationship of the catalysts. The morphology and structure of the nanostructured Co3O4were characterized by various techniques, and the catalytic performance of the as-prepared nanostructures was studied by monitoring the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol in the presence of excess NaBH4. The catalytic performance was found to be strongly dependent on their morphologies. The experimental results show that the pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants for Co3O4nanostructures with various shapes are, respectively, 1.49 min−1(nanoplates), 1.40 min−1(microflowers), 0.78 min−1(nanorods) and 0.23 min−1(nanocubes). The Co3O4nanoplates exhibited the highest catalytic activity among the four nanostructures, due to their largest specific surface area, relatively high total pore volume, best redox properties and abundance of defect sites. The established correlation between morphology, property and catalytic performance in this work will offer valuable insight into the design and application of nanostructured Co3O4as a potential non-noble metal catalyst for p-nitrophenol reduction.
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Inorganics
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 11
·429
·
IF 2.9
Li Liu,Siyu Li,Detai Shi,Qifu Bao,Tiangui Zhao,Wei Zhu,Xiaolong Li,Jianer Zhou
The emergence of drug resistance due to the overuse of antibiotics has made the prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections caused byCandida albicans(C. albicans) a great challenge. Oxygen vacancy-rich inorganic materials show great promise in the antimicrobial field due to their unique physicochemical properties. Defect engineering can significantly optimize the electronic structure of inorganic materials to further enhance their antimicrobial activity. We designed oxygen vacancy defect-rich V6O13powders using the hydrothermal-calcination method and investigated their anti-C. albicansactivity. The results showed that the stronger antibacterial activity is attributed to the fact that the optimized V6O13powder oxygen vacancy defects induced a reduction reaction of dissolved oxygen in the environment, which produced ROS with strong oxidative properties, causing damage to the wall membrane ofC. albicansand leakage of intracellular material. The minimum inhibitory concentration (99% or more inhibition) of V6O13powders is 4 mg/mL. This work not only provides a facile method for constructing oxygen-rich vacancies in V6O13powders, but also provides new insights into the potential of inorganic materials optimized by defect engineering for efficient antimicrobial activity.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 7.2
Xinwei Zhang,Xiaotian Zhang,Rong Wang,Yijia Zhong,Kunting Li,Lei Xu,Huimin Feng
S-scheme heterojunction catalysts have attracted much attention due to their ability to effectively separate photo-generated electrons and holes while optimizing the redox ability of carriers. We have prepared an efficient visible-light catalytic PDPB/Ag–TiO 2 S-scheme heterojunction by in-situ synthesis methods . The catalysts were characterized for their structure, composition , morphology, and photoelectrochemical properties. The hydrogen production rate of PDPB/Ag–TiO 2 -2 was 1473.6 μmol/g/h. The results of SPV analysis showed that the spontaneous interfacial charge transfer from PDPB to Ag–TiO 2 in the contact interface region resulted in the presence of an internal electric field . This enhanced internal electric field effectively drove directional charge migration through the S-scheme mechanism, improving charge separation and utilization. The PDPB/Ag–TiO 2 -2 composites also maintained stable photocatalytic activity after running for four cycles. Overall, this study brings fresh preparation ideas for the conjugated polymer-TiO 2 composites with high photocatalytic efficiency.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 16.5
Jiachen Sun,Sai Chen,Donglong Fu,Wei Wang,Xianhui Wang,Guodong Sun,Chunlei Pei,Zhi-Jian Zhao,Jinlong Gong
The bulk oxygen transfer and surface reaction as important parts of the chemical looping-related process are crucial for the rational design of new redox catalysts. This paper describes an experimental study on the effect of bulk oxygen transfer and surface reaction in Ce 1– x x O 2 supported VO x redox catalysts for the chemical looping oxidative propane dehydrogenation reaction. It was found that the introduction of Zr dictates the reaction performance of the redox catalyst by modulating the bulk oxygen transfer and surface reaction. The kinetic study reveals that the instantaneous reduction rate of the redox catalysts is determined by the H-abstraction step in the surface reaction. The introduction of Zr can reduce the activation energy of the H-abstraction step, which leads to the enhancement of the instantaneous reduction rate. Meanwhile, the oxygen supply capacity of the cerium oxide is increased by Zr, allowing the surface reaction to proceed over longer durations. Furthermore, the reaction model derived from the kinetics study is validated using a number of (quasi) in situ techniques. This study provides fundamental insights into the role of bulk oxygen transfer and surface reaction in chemical looping or related process.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Yang Li,Feifei Yang,Jing Xiong,Kejia Liu,Wanhai Xiao,Tao Qi,Zhipeng Dong,Yong Wang
Rare earth polishing powder waste (REPPW) usually contains lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) with content over 50 %, thus its recovery is important for the cyclic utilization of rare earth. In the traditional acid leaching process, La and Ce are simultaneously leached and required further separation. Based on their leaching behavior difference, a two-stage hydrochloric acid leaching process was proposed in this study to recover and primarily separate La and Ce in REPPW. With the optimal operation conditions, La enriched solution with a relative purity of 91.11 % and Ce enriched solution with a relative purity of 92.85 % were obtained and their recovery ratio were 59.47 and 85.15 %, respectively. After precipitation and calcination, products of La 2 O 3 with purity of 83.67 % and CeO 2 with purity of 93.38 % were obtained. Besides, individual leaching kinetics of La and Ce in low-acid leaching were studied using various shrinking core models. Based on the analysis of phase components and micromorphology evolution of REPPW during the leaching process, the leaching mechanism of REPPW was determined. Combined the leaching regularity with the fitting results, the leaching process of La was controlled by interfacial transfer and product layer diffusion, and the Ce was by product layer diffusion. The apparent activation energies of the LaOF and CeO 2 leaching reactions were 89.97 kJ/mol and 79.03 kJ/mol, respectively.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 58
·期 12
·6386-6398
·
IF 3.3
Zi-wei Liu,Jun-ru Qi,Ya-ting Song,Cheng-wei Ruan,Jin-song Liao
Summary The properties of pectin extracted by enzyme-assisted nitric acid (EAE-N) and pectin extracted by enzyme-assisted oxalic acid (EAE-O) were analysed and compared with pectin extracted by nitric acid (AE-N) and pectin extracted by oxalic acid (AE-O) systematically. The yield of pectin obtained by the enzyme-assisted acid method (23.73% ~ 25.60%) was significantly higher than that by acid extraction method (19.75% ~ 20.60%). Monosaccharide analyses demonstrated that the enzyme-assisted acid method was able to attain more branched rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) regions (36.59% ~ 42.06%) than using acid solely (31.01% ~ 34.58%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) analyses indicated that there was no obvious difference in the characteristic structure of pectin. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) images revealed that EAE-N and EAE-O had more short side chains and cross-link compared with AE-N and AE-O. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that EAE-N and EAE-O have good thermal stability. All pectin samples showed a shear-thinning fluid flow behaviour and an elastic gel-like behaviour. The results suggested that enzyme-assisted acid provided a viable alternative method for the extraction of pectin.
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