Foods
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2026
·Vol. 15
·期 15
·2722
·
IF 6
Wei Cheng,Na Li,Qingyun Zhu,Gengdian Liu,Xiaoyun Hao,Chao Jiang,Lele Zhang,Xianfeng Du
Huangshui (HS), fermented grains (FG), and pit mud (PM) are closely connected during the fermentation of Nongxiangxing baijiu (NXB); however, the contribution of HS to the differences in flavor profiles across PM, FG, and distilled baijiu has not been fully elucidated. Herein, instrumental techniques of electronic nose (E-nose), headspace gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were used to compare the volatile profiles of HS, FG, PM, and two quality grades of NXB. E-nose analysis revealed that PM exhibited stronger signals related to sulfur-containing, organic, and terpene-associated compounds. Gas chromatography indicated that special-grade baijiu had a more favorable ethyl caproate/ethyl lactate ratio than superior-grade baijiu. Furthermore, HS-GC-IMS revealed different volatile profiles of the samples. Up to 183 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified via HS-SPME-GC-MS, with esters and acids being the dominant classes. Multivariate analysis showed close relationships among HS, FG, and PM, and 35 VOCs were identified as important discriminatory compounds. These results suggest the differences and similarities in VOCs among the HS, FG, PM, and NXB samples, indicating that HS is chemically associated with both FG and PM. This study provides useful insights into HS utilization and quality regulation of NXB through the effective management of HS.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124477
·
IF 7.5
Ke Yin,Juntai Tian,Ziwei Wang,Bichun Huang
Morphology engineering is an effective strategy to regulate the catalytic performance of transition metal oxides for chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOCs) elimination, yet the morphology-dependent response to surface modification and its intrinsic mechanism remain insufficiently understood. Herein, cubic Co 3 O 4 -c and plate-like Co 3 O 4 -p with distinct surface defect densities were selected as model catalysts to systematically reveal the morphology-dependent effect on chlorobenzene (CB) oxidation, with surface phosphorylation employed as a regulated means to probe the intrinsic morphology-dependent regulation mechanism. Surface phosphorylation exhibits a significant morphology-dependent feature. It retains the intrinsic spinel structure of Co 3 O 4 and triggers surface electronic redistribution via constructed Co–O–P bonds. High-defect Co 3 O 4 -p presents favorable responsiveness to phosphorylation, which synchronously boosts acid sites, surface Co 3 + proportion and adsorbed active oxygen content. By contrast, phosphate species partially cover surface active sites of low-defect Co 3 O 4 -c, leading to activity decline. The optimized HP-Co 3 O 4 -p delivers a T 90 value of 330 ℃ toward CB combustion, 23 ℃ lower than pristine Co 3 O 4 -p, and retains 84% conversion after 10 h reaction with mitigated attenuation. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that the morphology-dependent effect originates from the difference in surface defect density. On high-defect Co 3 O 4 -p, P–OH groups supply protons to facilitate C–Cl bond activation and HCl desorption, and phosphate moieties alleviate chlorine enrichment and restrain polychlorinated byproducts. This work reveals the morphology-dependent phosphorylation mechanism of Co 3 O 4 and guides the rational design of efficient CVOCs catalysts.
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Environments
·
2026
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·426
·
IF 4.3
Xuekai Wang,Xiangwu Meng,Mengtian Zhang,Kai Li,Lichun Mao,Lu Zhong,Jianjun Li
Efficient removal of tetracycline (TC) from antibiotic-contaminated wastewater remains a significant challenge. In this study, a nitrogen-doped carbon modified cobalt ferrite (C@CoFe2O4, CF) composite was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, and its adsorption–catalysis dual-function performance was systematically evaluated. Structural characterization revealed that CoFe2O4nanoparticles were locally encapsulated by an N-doped carbonaceous layer, providing a high specific surface area and abundant nitrogen-containing active sites. Under optimized conditions, the CF-3/PMS system achieved 93.44% TC removal within 45 min, while CF-3 exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 486.5 mg·g−1. Radical quenching experiments suggested that singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide radicals (O2•−) played major roles in TC oxidation, while sulfate radicals (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radicals (HO•) also contributed, indicating the coexistence of radical and non-radical oxidation pathways. TC adsorption was driven by surface complexation, π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions, and hydrogen bonding. The enhanced TC removal performance may arise from the cooperative contributions of N-containing carbon sites, accessible Co/Fe-containing regions, and interfacial electronic interactions, which promote TC enrichment and PMS-mediated oxidation. This work provides a promising strategy for designing bifunctional materials for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Xiaochao Xu,Xiangxia Wu,Zhen Xiao,Zhi-Ang Zhao,Guanwei Peng,Jinni Shen,Lifang Yang,Wenxin Dai,Zizhong Zhang
The selective photooxidation of CH 4 into value-added chemical products under ambient conditions offers a viable pathway for the rational utilization of natural gas resources. However, the direct oxidation of methane to synthesize oxygenates still faces significant challenges due to insufficient chemo-selectivity in active intermediate radical formation and consecutive side reactions of primary products. Rather than introducing multiple metal species to create active sites, we show that controlled defect generation on the substrate offers an effective pathway for catalytic enhancement. Here we developed a ZnO aerogel-supported ruthenium single atom photocatalyst for selective conversion of CH 4 to CH 3 OH. Under ambient conditions, 1Ru/ZnO achieved a methanol production rate of 407 μmol g −1 h −1 with a high selectivity of 91.7%. The observed activity enhancement is principally attributable to two factors: (i) the ZnO aerogel microspheres with abundant dual-defect structures serve as an effective substrate material, offering abundant active sites to facilitate the CH 4 activation process; and (ii) monatomic Ru 4+ sites were employed as efficient active sites for methane adsorption and dehydrogenation; meanwhile the separation of redox sites was optimized to effectively suppress over-oxidation. The integration of aerogels (with abundant defect sites) and supported metal species offers a novel strategy for achieving direct CH 4 oxidation to CH 3 OH.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Liquan Xiong,Ying Wang,Di Gao,Yueqi Song,Dongsheng Chen
Hydrogen energy is the core of future clean energy, and the study of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalytic mechanisms is essential for efficient production. The development of efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts is a key challenge in achieving ideal hydrogen generation. In this study, a Ni-BDC/TpPa-1 heterojunction material was prepared for the first time, which was converted into a derived heterojunction material (NiO@Ni/N-C) after high-temperature pyrolysis treatment, exhibiting excellent electrocatalytic activity in an alkaline solution. Without iR compensation, the overpotential of HER is only 83 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm⁻². Compared with thermally decomposed Ni-BDC and TpPa-1 monomer, its electrocatalytic activity is improved by 158 and 435 mV, respectively, and it exhibits excellent stability over 100 h. The design of this novel material offers a new solution for enhancing the efficiency of transition-metal-based catalysts.
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Pengfei Lu,Rongcheng Wu,Guangwen Xu,Bin Zhang
This study systematically compared tobacco extracts prepared by solvent extraction and by pyrolysis in terms of their chemical composition, thermal stability, and pyrolysis product distribution. An innovative, systematic validation framework integrating residue pyrolysis and extract re-pyrolysis was employed to directly discriminate between extraction-induced compositional effects and pyrolysis-condition effects. This framework elucidates intrinsic correlations among extraction methods, chemical composition, and thermal behavior from the perspectives of aroma diversity and phenolic suppression. The results revealed that the extraction yield increased from 7.08 % to 33.48 % with increasing solvent polarity, while pyrolysis achieved an even higher yield (36.80 %) through high-temperature pyrolytic conversion. Solvent extracts exhibited polarity-driven compositional differences, whereas pyrolysis-derived extract (Py-Ext) was enriched in characteristic aroma compounds such as furfuryl alcohol and maltol, and contained more target compounds (19 types) than solvent extracts (9–15 types). Thermal analysis revealed that the solvent extracts decomposed primarily within the 135–279 ℃ range, yielding product distributions that were highly sensitive to pyrolysis conditions. In contrast, Py-Ext exhibited volatility-dominated thermal behavior that resulted in stable product distributions across a broad operational range. Extract re-pyrolysis revealed that the compositional incompleteness of solvent extracts prevents them from achieving the aromatic richness of Py-Ext, even under identical pyrolysis conditions, while residue pyrolysis confirmed that key aroma precursors were retained in the solid phase during extraction. Meanwhile, solvent extraction markedly suppressed phenolic formation during re-pyrolysis through precursor removal at the source. Overall, the proposed validation framework establishes a causal method–composition–behavior relationship, providing a basis for the rational design of tobacco extracts for targeted applications.
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MEASUREMENT
·
2026
·
IF 6.1
Yang Liu,Changyuan Xu,Yuqin Zhu,Jianxin He,Quanhua Xie,Yuanyuan He,Lei Wu,Dong Lai,Fei Fu,Qiongyao He,Bowen Jing,Guoqing Zhang,Nianbing Zhong
Moss-induced biocorrosion of stone heritage is a slow yet persistent deterioration process that alters the physicochemical conditions within porous stones, leading to structural damage and loss of cultural value. To conduct in-situ decoding of the pathogenic mechanism of mosses on sandstone, we developed a fiber Bragg grating (FBG)–based multi-parameter sensing system. The sensing system integrates three types of FBGs—temperature-sensing (T-FBG), strain-sensing (S-FBG), and polyacrylic acid–polyvinyl alcohol (PAA-PVA) coated pH-sensing FBG (H-FBG). The sensitivities and resolutions of T-FBG, S-FBG and H-FBG are 9.69 pm/℃ (0.01 ℃), 1.23 pm/με (0.1 με) and 38.63 pm/pH (0.02 pH units), respectively. A decoupling model based on a 3 × 3 sensitivity matrix was established to eliminate cross-sensitivity effects. During 60 days of Funaria hygrometrica colonization, the system captured dynamic variations including a maximal pH decrease of 0.5, a temperature fluctuation of 3.2 ℃, and an internal microstrain increase of 11.3 με. Microscopic and porosity analyses further confirmed the dual biochemical–mechanical degradation caused by metabolite secretion and rhizoid penetration. This work provides quantitative insights into moss-induced biocorrosion mechanisms and indicates the feasibility of optical fiber sensing as an early-warning strategy for preventive conservation of stone relics.
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APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 7.5
Zhilin Cao,Jinsong Feng,Zucai Zhang,Han Wang,Ruzhi Wang
Radiative cooling offers a promising energy-free thermal management approach for electronic devices. However, the practical application of conventional radiative cooling materials is limited by their low thermal conductivity, leading to heat accumulation from internal sources. In this work, a low-cost and high-thermal-conductivity radiative cooling film (HTCRCF) was developed by introducing three-dimensional (3D) co -doped fillers that consist of BN platelets and spherical Al 2 O 3 particles into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. In contrast to conventional low-thermal-conductivity materials, the 3D synergistic strategy simultaneously enhances infrared emission, sunlight reflection, and heat conduction at a low cost. The HTCRCF achieves a high solar reflectivity of 93%, an infrared emissivity of 0.95 and a thermal conductivity 2.7 times higher than that of the matrix. Outdoor tests demonstrate radiative cooling performance of 7.8 °C under direct midday sunlight and 2.4 °C at night. Moreover, HTCRCF demonstrates excellent radiative cooling performance higher than the ambient temperature, lowering substrate temperatures by a remarkable 29.7 °C under sunlight and 17.3 °C in indoor environments. This work provides a scalable solution for high-power electronic devices cooling and bridges the gap between radiative cooling efficiency and thermal management requirements in real-world applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Ming Li,Jinyun Xu,Haitao Liu,Wancun Huo,Yanyan Ji,Mingming Feng,Shuai Feng,Caixia Liu,Qingqing Zhu,Wenju Zhu,Chunming Zheng,Xiaohong Sun
Bipolar membranes (BPMs) enable efficient water dissociation into protons and hydroxide ions for sustainable energy conversion and resource recovery, yet conventional BPMs face challenges including high overpotential, environmental drawbacks of synthetic polymers, and the conductivity-stability trade-off. Herein, we develop a robust and eco-friendly BPM by in-situ embedding layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets into a fully biomass-derived matrix of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and quaternized chitosan (QCS). The optimized membrane (BM-QPL-4) achieves a low transmembrane voltage of 0.746 V at 100 mA·cm −2 and maintains 0.713 V over 72 h at 50 mA·cm −2 , coupled with 40% enhancement in mechanical strength (33.31 MPa) and reduced swelling ratio (61.52%). These improvements arise from the uniformly dispersed LDH, which strengthens the polymer matrix while serving as built-in catalysts and ion-conductive pathways. The synergistic surface hydroxyl catalysis and interfacial electric field—described by “pore-field coupling” model—collectively lower the water dissociation energy barrier from 0.97 eV to 0.56 eV. The work demonstrates a sustainable and mechanically robust BPM platform with great potential in advanced water electrolysis and resource recovery, providing a scalable and generalizable strategy for incorporating functional nanomaterials into polymer matrices.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Jingjing Liu,Yan Zhang,Hongwei Yu,Weijia Li,Longfei Li,Yizhou Chen,Shikun Liu,Lixin Qiao,Jiale Kuang,Zetao Chen,Shuang Li,Qingjun Liu
Astringency, as a complex oral sensation, poses challenges for in-vitro detection and quantification due to the intricacy of its perception mechanism and the complexity of the astringent substances involved. To address this challenge, we developed a chitosan hydrogel-based sensor inspired by the human tongue. Mucins were embedded within the sensor to detect astringent polyphenols. When in contact with astringent phenolic compounds, the resulting precipitate aggregates entangle or block the pores, restricting ion conductivity within the sensor. Astringency detection is achieved using cyclic voltammetry. The tongue-inspired sensor can detect a wide range of tannic acid (1E −4 wt% - 5wt%), including the human sensory threshold for astringency, and construct a standard astringency quantification curve from the sensing data. It was demonstrated to revert the actual astringency sensing process by overall astringency detection and synergistic effect, simulating the in-vitro function of the tongue. In addition, the sensor provides insights for evaluating the optimal drinking time of open red wines based on astringency, offering a novel approach for wine astringency evaluation, demonstrating its potential for a variety of applications in the food and beverage industry.
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
MengDie Qin,Qin Fang,Kejun Tan
Biomass-derived white-light-emitting carbon dots (W-CDs) show significant promise for eco-friendly optoelectronic applications. Herein, W-CDs were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method using renewable Lygodium japonicum as the carbon source and o -phenylenediamine as the nitrogen dopant, a sustainable and low-cost approach aligning with green chemistry principles. Under 380 nm ultraviolet excitation, the aqueous W-CDs solution emitted bright white light, with Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.29, 0.34) and a relative quantum yield of 3.09%. Notably, four distinct fluorescent components were successfully isolated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) from this single biomass system: indigo blue (I-CDs, λ em = 410 nm), blue (B-CDs, λ em = 460 nm), green (G-CDs, λ em = 515 nm), and red (R-CDs, λ em = 670 nm). Comprehensive characterization (XPS, FT-IR, TEM, etc.) confirmed that the multicolor photoluminescence primarily originates from carbon core states, where increased sp 2 -conjugated domains and graphitic nitrogen content induce emission redshift. The separated multicolor CDs exhibit excellent photostability and tunable emission, while W-CDs enabled the fabrication of white light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs) with a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 7338 K. This study offers novel insights into the multifunctional utilization of biomass-derived carbon dots, highlighting their promising applications in solid-state lighting and information security.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Haiyue Yu,Zimin Yao,Guoliang Zheng,Yan Zhao,Dantong Zhu,Fanxu Bu
The Zn 2+ level in gastric juice serves as a powerful reference for the distinction of benign/malignant lesions. However, its accurate detection remains challenging due to the complex and highly acidic samples. Herein, a ratiometric fluorescence probe was developed based on quinoline-functionalized carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) for Zn 2+ accurate detection. The probe has two emission bands at 410 nm and 490 nm. The quinoline groups on the CPDs can form coordination bonds with Zn 2+ , enabling specific recognition of zinc ions. Zn 2+ addition can lead to fluorescence quenching of quinoline component of quinoline/CPD probes in simulated gastric fluid samples, while the emission of the CPDs remains almost unchanged. This ratiometric response between emission intensity at 410 nm and 490 nm enables accurate quantitative detection of Zn 2+ . The probe exhibited a detection sensitivity of 4.56 nM for Zn 2+ and demonstrated outstanding selectivity against other metal ions, attributed to its self-calibration capability. This work offers a novel strategy for designing ion sensing platforms and holds great potential for aiding the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）