ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2017
·
IF 7.504
Yanchun Yang,Lijian Huang,Daocheng Pan
In our recent report (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces2016, 8, 5308), Li+ ions had been successfully incorporated into the lattice of the selenized Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin film on a quartz substrate by substituting equivalent Cu+ ions, and Li+ ions was also found to have the little effect on the crystal growth and defect passivation. To further improve the cell performance of Li-doped CZTSSe devices, we conducted the same experiments on the sodium-rich soda-lime glass (SLG) substrate in this study, instead of sodium-free quartz substrate. Surprisingly, only trace amounts of Li (Li/Cu molar ratio ∼1 × 10–4) were detected in the final CZTSSe thin films; meanwhile, a large amount of sodium was present on the surface and at the grain boundaries of the selenized thin films. A Li/Na exchange mechanism is used to explain this phenomenon. Only on the sodium-free substrate can Li+ ions enter the CZTSSe host lattice, and doping Li+ ions on the SLG substrate are nearly identical to doping Na+ ions.
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BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
·
2016
·Vol. 174
·期 1
·85-92
·
IF 1.798
Zhou Sihui,Zhang Caiying,Xiao Qingyang,Zhuang Yu,Gu Xiaolong,Yang Fan,Xing Chenghong,Hu Guoliang,Cao Huabin
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential trace element for animals and human beings. However, the negative effects on rumen function and distribution of trace elements in tissues induced by excessive Mo have not been well understood. Therefore, the purpose of present study was to investigate the impact of Mo on rumen microbiota, distribution of trace elements in various organs, and hematological parameters of goats. A total of 36 goats were randomly distributed into three groups with equal number and low-Mo and high-Mo groups were orally administered ammonium molybdate at 15 and 45 mg · Mo · kg −1 · BW respectively, while the control group received corresponding quantitative deionized water. The results showed that the total number of ciliate and protozoa protein concentration decreased significantly ( P < 0.01) on days 25 and 50. Concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and bacterial protein were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in low-Mo group, while they were lower ( P < 0.05) in high-Mo group than the control group on days 25 and 50. In addition, Mo accumulated in serum and all detected tissues. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) contents significantly decreased ( P < 0.05) in hair and serum on days 25 and 50, while Cu contents increased ( P < 0.05) and the change of Zn contents were not obvious ( P > 0.05) in other tissues on days 25 and 50. Besides, there was no obvious variation in iron (Fe) contents during whole experiment period ( P > 0.05). Furthermore, excessive Mo content had no significant effect on red blood cell (RBC) counts and hemoglobin (HGB) concentration ( P > 0.05) on days 25 and 50, while white blood cell (WBC) counts increased significantly ( P < 0.05) on day 50. These results indicated that excessive Mo content could impact the balance of ruminal microorganisms and interfere with the absorption and distribution of Mo and Cu mainly.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2016
·
IF 7.145
Jiao Wang,Yue Wang,Qiang Liu,Linnan Yang,Rongrong Zhu,Chengzhong Yu,Shilong Wang
Breast cancer is the primary reason for cancer-related death in women worldwide and the development of new formulations to treat breast cancer patients is crucial. Curcumin (Cur), a natural product, exerts promising anticancer activities against various cancer types. However, its therapeutic efficacy is hindered as a result of poor water solubility, instability, and low bioavailability. The aim of this work is to assess the curative effect of a novel nanoformulation, i.e., Cur-loaded and calcium-doped dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles modified with folic acid (Cur-Ca@DMSNs-FA) for breast cancer therapy. The results manifested that Cur-Ca@DMSNs-FA dispersed very well in aqueous solution, released Cur with a pH-responsible profile, and targeted efficiently to human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Further investigations indicated that Cur-Ca@DMSNs-FA effectively inhibited cell proliferation, increased intracellular ROS generation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhanced cell cycle retardation at G2/M phase, leading to a higher apoptosis rate in MCF-7 compared to free Cur. Moreover, the Western blotting analysis demonstrated that Cur-Ca@DMSNs-FA were more active than free Cur through suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and activation of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. In addition, hemolysis assay showed that the Ca@DMSNs-FA exhibited good biocompatibility. Last, in vivo studies indicated that when Cur was encapsulated in Ca@DMSNs-FA, the Cur concentration in blood serum and tumor tissues was increased after 1 h intraperitoneal injection. In conclusion, Cur-Ca@DMSNs-FA might act as a potential anticancer drug formulation for breast cancer therapy.
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2016
·Vol. 45
·期 18
·7728-7736
·
IF 4.177
Erbin Shi,Xiaoqin Zou,Jia Liu,Huiming Lin,Feng Zhang,Shaoxuan Shi,Fenghua Liu,Guangshan Zhu,Fengyu Qu
A facile electrochemical plating strategy has been employed to prepare the electroactive metal–organic framework film (NENU-3) onto a copper electrode in the acid electrolyte containing 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA). The as-made NENU-3 films have been characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). These analyses indicate that NENU-3 films have high phase purity and high stability. Further, different electrochemical techniques are utilized for measuring the electrochemical behaviors of the NENU-3 film electrodes. Accordingly, the kinetic parameters of a NENU-3 film electrode towards the electrocatalytic reduction of bromate are obtained, including the electron transfer coefficient (α), the catalytic rate constant (ks), and the diffusion coefficient (D). The film electrodes present excellent electrocatalytic ability for the bromate reduction, and can be used successfully for the amperometric detection of bromate. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed sensor exhibits a wide linear range (0.05–72.74 mM) and a lower detection limit (12 μM) measured by chronoamperometry (CA). Moreover, the films possess high electrochemical stability and strong anti-interference capability in the bromate detection process. It has been demonstrated that the electrochemical plating method reported here offers a reliable and efficient way to fabricate MOF films on conductive substrates for bromate detection.
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POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2017
·Vol. 74
·期 12
·5231-5247
·
IF 1.43
Yang Dongcheng,Yu Lili,Chen Hou,Yu Yanbo,Xu Yuanyuan,Sun Jinming,Wang Yating
Bromoactylated apple seeds (BAS) was used as new source for the synthesis of environmental adsorbent. Apple seeds were modified by bromoacetyl bromide to obtain a macroinitiator for single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) of acrylonitrile (AN). The amidoxime (AO) adsorbent was prepared by the reaction of the graft copolymer bromoactylated apple seeds (BAS)/polyacrylonitrile (BAS- g -PAN) with hydroxylamine. Amidoxime BAS- g -PAN (AO BAS- g -PAN) was used to remove Pb(II) and the maximum adsorption for Pb(II) was 1.58 mmol/g. AO BAS- g -PAN could also selectively adsorb Pb(II) from binary ion systems in the existence of Ag(I), Ni(II) and Zn(II). This efficient modifying approach provides a new powerful mean toward filling the gap on apple waste as a potential source for controlling heavy metal pollution.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2016
·
IF 3.014
Qing Tan,Wei Sun,Zhiliang Li,Jing-Feng Li
Ternary copper tin sulfide (Cu–Sn–S) compounds have been investigated for decades as promising candidates of earth-abundant thin film solar cell absorbers. Cu 2 SnS 3 is a representative member of this material system, and is highly expected to be a potential thermoelectric material by the first-principles calculations. In this work, Cu 2 SnS 3 bulk materials were synthesized by the mechanical alloying (MA) combined with spark plasma sintering (SPS), and their crystal structures, electronic transport properties and enhanced thermoelectric performance were systematically investigated. We found that pristine Cu 2 SnS 3 is a p-type thermoelectric material with a relatively high thermopower up to 300 μV/K and low thermal conductivity below 1.0 W/m K above 700 K. It revealed that In doping is an effective means to improve the electrical transport properties, which leads to a figure of merit ( ZT ) of Cu 2 Sn 0.9 In 0.1 S 3 close to 0.6 at the relatively low temperature (773 K).
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MATERIALS & DESIGN
·
2016
·
IF 3.997
Tianqi Hu,Hongtao Chen,Mingyu Li
This paper presents a novel die attach material that withstands high working temperatures of up to 676 °C after < 40 min of reflow at 250 °C. The die attach material was preform compressed with Cu@Sn core-shell structured microparticles . When the reflow temperature reached 232 °C, the outer Sn layer melted and connected the inner Cu cores. After reflow soldering at 250 °C for 8 min, the outer Sn completely transformed into network-like Cu-Sn intermetallic compounds (IMCs), which have a higher remelting temperature than Sn (415 °C for Cu 6 Sn 5 and 676 °C for Cu 3 Sn). Consequently, the inner Cu cores were interconnected by the formed network-like Cu-Sn IMCs with a high remelting temperature of at least 415 °C. If the sample was reflowed at 250 °C for 40 min, the outer Cu 6 Sn 5 layer completely transformed into Cu 3 Sn, and the resulting bondline could sustain a higher temperature. The shear strengths of the resulting bondlines after reflow soldering at 250 °C for 8 and 40 min were 29.35 and 18.78 MPa at 400 and 500 °C, respectively.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2016
·
IF 4.732
Jing Guo,Wen-Hui Zhou,Ying-Li Pei,Qing-Wen Tian,Dong-Xing Kou,Zheng-Ji Zhou,Yue-Na Meng,Si-Xin Wu
CZTSSe based thin film solar cells have received considerable interests due to low material cost, suitable band gaps and high absorption coefficient of CZTSSe materials. Achieving high efficiency CZTSSe based thin film solar cells often need a high temperature selenization process that always causes Sn loss in the form of gaseous SnSe 2 . Additional Sn complement may decrease the loss of Sn during selenization process and improve the performance of fabricated CZTSSe based thin film solar cells. Here, we investigate the effect of additional Sn complement on the performance of CZTSSe based thin film solar cells fabricated from pure element solution. XRD and Raman characterizations indicate that additional Sn complement could reduce the secondary phase that may cause the voltage loss and decrease of efficiency. The solar cell fabricated with 15% additional Sn complement shows the best conversion efficiency of 8.71% (V OC =0.42 V, J SC =32.73 mA cm −2 , FF=63.19%). To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest efficiency of CZTSSe based thin film solar cells fabricated from pure element solution.
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MATERIALS & DESIGN
·
2016
·
IF 3.997
Xinjian Cheng,Yun Yu,Yiru Jia,Lian Duan
Three small molecular boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives (B3a, B3b and B3c) were well-designed and synthesized at first, and then were incorporated into polyurethane to obtain macromolecular fluorescent sensors. These small molecular BODIPY derivatives exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity to Hg 2 + , Cr 3 + and Fe 3 + ions. The colors of these chemicals changed rapidly upon the addition of Hg 2 + , Cr 3 + and Fe 3 + ions. In addition, their fluorescence peaks shifted and was enhanced as well. B3a, B3b and B3c still remained the sensing properties when being introduced to polyurethane (PU). The functionalized PU films not only showed color change and fluorescence shift for detecting Hg 2 + , Cr 3 + and Fe 3 + ions as their small molecular counterparts, but also triggered a new emission peak in 500–600 nm. Besides, the functionalized PU film (PU-B3a as a sample) could absorb Hg 2 + ions more than 84 mg/g in unit time and volume. It suggested that as long as the structure of the small molecular sensor was remained, the fluorescent ability remained even it is introduced to the macromolecular chains. In addition, Glass transition temperature (T g ) of the PU films changed when B3a, B3b and B3c were introduced.
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RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 101
·99532-99539
·
IF 3.289
Peng Zhou,Jing Zhang,Jilong Liu,Yongli Zhang,Juan Liang,Ya Liu,Bei Liu,Wei Zhang
Recently, persulfate (PS) has fascinated practitioners of water treatment as a promising oxidant for in situ chemical oxidation. In this study, zero valent copper (nZVC) particles were employed as an activator for PS to degrade organic contaminants. Benzoic acid (BA) was almost completely degraded in 25 min, and the nZVC/PS process exhibited a ubiquitous oxidizing capacity on various organic contaminants (including acid orange 7, nitrobenzene, dimethyl phthalate, diethylstilbestrol, bisphenol A, and 2,4-dichlorophenol). The mechanism investigation showed that PS can accelerate the corrosion of nZVC to release Cu+ in acidic aqueous conditions, and the reactive radicals were generated through the further activation of PS by intermediate Cu+ via a Fenton-like reaction. Both sulfate radical (SO4−˙) and hydroxyl radical (˙OH) were considered as the primary reactive radicals in the nZVC/PS process due to the intense inhibition with the addition of methanol (MA) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). Moreover, the degradation rate of BA increased gradually with an increase of nZVC dosage, and the decrease of the initial pH range from 5.4 to 2.0.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2017
·
IF 7.504
Yafang Qi,Qingwen Tian,Yuena Meng,Dongxing Kou,Zhengji Zhou,Wenhui Zhou,Sixin Wu
The partial substitution of Cu+ with Ag+ into the host lattice of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin films can reduce the open-circuit voltage deficit (Voc,deficit) of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. In this paper, elemental Cu, Ag, Zn, Sn, S, and Se powders were dissolved in solvent mixture of 1,2-ethanedithiol (edtH2) and 1,2-ethylenediamine (en) and used for the formation of (Cu1–xAgx)2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CAZTSSe) thin films with different Ag/(Ag + Cu) ratios. The key feature of this approach is that the impurity atoms can be absolutely excluded. Further results indicate that the variations of grain size, band gap, and depletion width of the CAZTSSe layer are generally determined by Ag substitution content. Benefiting from the Voc enhancement (∼50 mV), the power conversion efficiency is successfully increased from 7.39% (x = 0) to 10.36% (x = 3%), which is the highest efficiency of Ag substituted devices so far.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2017
·
IF 7.504
Jiachen Li,Jun Pu,Ziqiang Liu,Jian Wang,Wenlu Wu,Huigang Zhang,Haixia Ma
The energy and power densities of rechargeable batteries urgently need to be increased to meet the ever-increasing demands of consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Alloy anodes are among the most promising candidates for next-generation high-capacity battery materials. However, the high capacities of alloy anodes usually suffer from some serious difficulties related to the volume changes of active materials. Porous supports and nanostructured alloy materials have been explored to address these issues. However, these approaches seemingly increase the active material-based properties and actually decrease the electrode-based capacity because of the oversized pores and heavy mass of mechanical supports. In this study, we developed an ultralight porous nickel to scaffold with high-capacity SnSb alloy anodes. The porous-nickel-supported SnSb alloy demonstrates a high specific capacity and good cyclability for both Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. Its capacity retains 580 mA h g–1 at 2 A g–1 after 100 cycles in Li-ion batteries. For a Na-ion battery, the composite electrode can even deliver a capacity of 275 mA h g–1 at 1 A g–1 after 1000 cycles. This study demonstrates that combining the scaffolding function of ultralight porous nickel and the high capacity of the SnSb alloy can significantly enhance the electrochemical performances of Li/Na-ion batteries.
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