JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Yaqi He,Xinhua Li,Zhu Qian,ZuPeng Yan,Guizhen Shi,Xia Sun,Zongqing Ma
In this paper, we innovatively introduced Sn and B into the Nb-Al system at the same time and successfully prepared high-performance Nb 3 Al bulks through mechanical alloying and subsequent low-temperature sintering processes. The influence of different doping amounts of B in the Sn-B co-doping on the superconducting properties of Nb 3 Al superconductors was also investigated. It was found that Sn-B co-doping greatly improves the superconducting properties of Nb 3 Al, especially the J c properties, compared with the undoped sample. The optimal doping amount of Sn-B co-doping is finally determined to be 4 at% Sn-2.6 at% B. At this time, the superconducting transition temperature of Nb 3 Al is up to 16.2 K, and the critical current density reaches up to 1.3 × 10 5 A⋅cm −2 (4.2 K, 5 T), which is almost twice higher than that of Sn-doped Nb 3 Al, and one order of magnitude higher than that of general undoped Nb 3 Al. Combined with the phase composition analysis and microstructure observation, we find that with the co-doping of Sn and B, the grain size of Nb 3 Al is refined, and the diffusely distributed Nb 2 Al nanoparticles are introduced, which greatly enhance the magnetic flux pinning effect of Nb 3 Al. Secondly, the intergranular connectivity of Nb 3 Al is significantly improved. The Sn-B co-doped Nb 3 Al superconductors combine the advantages of Sn doping to enhance flux pinning and B doping to improve intergranular connectivity, which synergistically promotes the dramatic improvement of Nb 3 Al superconductivity Nb 3 Al.
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ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2025
·
IF 9.3
Hongyao Zhang,Haotian Gao,Tianxiang Jiang,Qiang Feng,Huili Liu,Tongsuo Lu,Beibei Xu,Wujie Qiu,He Lin,Kunpeng Zhao
Understanding and engineering thermal transport in complex structures is essential for the development of materials with ultralow lattice thermal conductivity . In this study, we examine the unusual thermal transport behavior of Mg 2 Sn-based high-entropy materials, using a combination of pair distribution function (PDF) analysis, first-principles calculations, and theoretical modeling. Our findings demonstrate that the crystalline high-entropy materials exhibit glass-like thermal transports, characterized by an exceptionally low lattice thermal conductivity that increases monotonically with increasing temperature across the entire measured range, devoid of the characteristic peaks typical of crystalline materials. This unique behavior is attributed to the large atomic displacement parameter (ADP) of Mg atoms, which causes the Einstein oscillators to significantly reduce lattice thermal conductivity , complemented by the strong scattering of phonons by the nanoscale chemical fluctuations and a dense concentration of point defects within the high-entropy structure. These insights deepen our understanding of thermal transport in complex-structured materials, such as Mg 2 Sn-related compounds, and offer a foundation for designing new materials with tailored thermal conductivities for advanced thermal management and thermoelectric applications.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 48
·41788-41797
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IF 9.5
Wenjie Li,Zeqing Hu,Ziwang Zhang,Zehao Lin,Min Ruan,Jiahao Jiang,Jing Shuai
Enhancing the thermoelectric performance of n-type polycrystalline SnSe remains challenging due to the trade-off between carrier transport and lattice thermal conductivity. Here, we demonstrate that trace incorporation of the lead-free perovskite Cs2TiCl6 enables concurrent optimization of these factors in SnSe0.93. The [TiCl6]2− octahedral framework introduces effective electron donors, while Ti 3d states induce local band flattening, increasing the density-of-states effective mass without severely degrading weighted mobility. Consequently, the 0.5 wt% Cs2TiCl6 sample attains a high power factor of ∼532.1 µW m−1 K−2 at 823 K. Meanwhile, Ti-rich domains together with multi-scale structural defects (strain fields, dislocations, and twin boundaries) substantially intensify phonon scattering, driving the lattice thermal conductivity down to ∼0.32 W m−1 K−1 at 823 K—a 40.6% reduction relative to the pristine specimen. Benefiting from this synergistic carrier and phonon engineering, a peak ZT of ∼1.2 at 823 K is achieved for 0.5 wt% Cs2TiCl6, representing a 179.1% enhancement over undoped SnSe0.93 and outperforming most reported n-type polycrystalline SnSe-based materials. This work establishes trace lead-free perovskite doping as a dual-function strategy—simultaneously enabling band structure modulation and phonon mean free path suppression—offering a viable route toward environmentally benign, high-efficiency n-type SnSe thermoelectrics.
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Small
·
2025
·Vol. 21
·期 27
·2412833
·
IF 12.1
Deshang Xiang,Yaru Gong,Chen Chen,Rongxin Sun,Song Zhao,Yuqi Liu,Qingyang Jian,Yanan Li,Wei Dou,Di Li,Pan Ying,Guodong Tang
PbSe has garnered significant attention due to its earth-abundance and low cost of Se element. Here the synthesis of Zn and Sn co-doped n -type PbSe with noteworthy thermoelectric performance enhancement is reported. Microstructural characterization and first-principles calculations demonstrate that Zn occupies the interstitial site between Se tetrahedra in PbSe, thereby creating a high-density network of needle-like defects that induces lattice strain and reduces the lattice thermal conductivity. Zn interstitial doping provides additional free electrons, leading to sharp increase of carrier concentration. DFT calculation reveals that orbital splitting of VBM boosts carrier mobility of PbSe. The significantly enhanced carrier mobility produces high power factor in the whole temperature range. As a result, a high peak ZT of 1.7 is realized for Zn and Sn co-doped n -type PbSe with a remarkable average ZT of 1.2 over the temperature range of 423–873K. These findings demonstrate that combining orbital splitting and interstitial doping is an effective strategy to synergistically optimize the electrical-thermal transport of n -type PbSe, making it a promising candidate for energy conversion applications.
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T
·
2025
·
IF 6.6
Bingqin Wang,Yadi Zhao,Ruichao Yan,Liangan Liu,Xuequn Cheng,Luntao Wang,Zhong Li,Chao Liu,Dawei Zhang,Xiaogang Li
In this study, 45 steel was taken as the research object, and a tin-iron alloy layer was prepared on its surface via a thermal diffusion tinning process. Combined with a series of characterization methods, the microstructure and element distribution of the thermal diffusion layer were systematically analyzed. Additionally, through cyclic immersion tests, electrochemical measurements, and outdoor exposure tests in marine atmosphere, the effects of thermal diffusion temperature and tin content in the diffusion agent on the structure and corrosion resistance of the thermal diffusion layer were systematically investigated. The results show that thermal diffusion tinning can form an alloy layer dominated by FeSn2 on the surface of 45 steel. Moreover, the higher the thermal diffusion temperature and the greater the tin content in the diffusion agent, the larger the thickness (up to 15 μm) and the better the compactness of the alloy layer. The corrosion resistance of the tinned steel is significantly better than that of 45 steel, and it is further improved with the increase of thermal diffusion temperature, tin content, and extension of thermal diffusion time. Among them, the tinned steel prepared under the thermal diffusion process of 80%-280°C-4h exhibits a corrosion current density of 4.027 μA · cm -2 , which is only 1/400 of that of 45 steel (12.095 μA · cm -2 ), and demonstrates the latest corrosion initiation and slowest development rate in marine atmospheric exposure. The key factors contributing to the improved corrosion resistance are the stable structure of FeSn 2 intermetallic compounds in the thermal diffusion layer, the physical barrier effect of the dense alloy layer, and the protective rust layer formed during the corrosion process.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Shoja Mirzaei,Fatemeh Ghamari,Jalal Arjomandi,Rahim Mohammad Rezaei
Twelve lead-based alloys (labels A 1 -A 12 ) were systematically fabricated by introduction of different elements including Sb, Sn, Al, Ca, Na and Ba metals (W%). Their corrosion behavior was studied using weight-loss measurements, OCP, potentiodynamic polarization, and EIS at various temperatures between 20 and 70°C. Microstructural and compositional analyses of lead alloys were performed by FE-SEM, mapping, and EDX. To investigate the effect of the surface morphological features on corrosion resistance of alloy electrodes, the surface morphological and statistical, watershed algorithm, and fractal studies were performed using FE-SEM analysis. The result show that, the distinct morphology of the label A 5 (Pb 97.25 , Al 0.11 , Ca 0.17 , Sn 2.47 ) alloy electrode provides a lower contact area at interface of electrode/electrolyte, originating from smooth surface with minimum roughness and porosity, with more well-developed and noncomplicated topography. Accordingly, among the manufactured lead alloys and in 70°C, A 5 exhibited the lowest corrosion current density (<0.02 mA cm⁻²), highest polarization resistance (>590 Ω cm²), and most coherent SnO 2 -rich passive layer, resulting in a minimal weight-loss rate. By adding the Sn element into the lead alloy, the reduction of alloy corrosion occurs by the formation of SnO 2 in A 5 alloy. Sn element in A 5 reduces slope of cathodic and anodic lines and shifts corrosion potential towards positive values resulting better corrosion resistance. Sn presence in A 5 alloy, compared to other alloys, has increased surface chemical stability, improved oxidation resistance, and reduced rate of redox reactions in 70°C. These findings demonstrate the critical synergy of Sn with minor alloying elements in enhancing high-temperature corrosion resistance in lead-acid battery applications.
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Microstructures
·
2025
·Vol. 5
·期 3
·N
·
IF 9
Fulong Liu,Yuqing Sun,Zhihao Li,Panpan Peng,Chunlei Wang,Hongchao Wang
Quaternary chalcogenides have garnered considerable interest within the field of thermoelectric due to their intrinsic low thermal conductivity, wide bandgap and high element enrichment advantages. In this work, the thermoelectric performance of Cu2MnSnSe4 was enhanced by co-optimizing the carrier concentration and lattice thermal conductivity through self-doping with Cu and doping with Te. A series of Cu2MnSnSe4 and Cu2.1Mn0.9SnSe4-xTex (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10) samples were prepared by ball-milling and hot-pressing methods. The carrier concentration of the samples was significantly increased after Cu self-doping, leading to optimized electrical transport performance. The notable reduction in lattice thermal conductivity was attributed to the scattering effect caused by Te substitution-induced point defects. At 673 K, the lattice thermal conductivity of the Cu2.1Mn0.9SnSe3.9Te0.1 sample obtained the lowest value of 0.62 W m-1K-1. Finally, it achieved a maximum zT ~ 0.5 at 673 K in the Cu2.1Mn0.9SnSe3.9Te0.1 sample, roughly twice that of the Cu2MnSnSe4 sample.
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RARE METALS
·
2025
·
IF 11
Zhen-Xuan Ma,Jia-Guang Zheng,Mei-Ling Lv,Cong Li,Chang-Hai Wu,Pan-Pan Zhou,Chao Su,Lei Ge
en This research uncovered the influence of nitrogen-doped MXene Ti 3 CN on the reversible hydrogen storage properties of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 . The Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN composite began releasing hydrogen at a temperature of 80°C. In addition, the composite discharged over 8.8 wt% hydrogen at a comparatively lower temperature of 270°C, whereas the pure Mg(BH 4 ) 2 emitted merely 5.9 wt% hydrogen under identical circumstances, which exhibited remarkably enhanced dehydrogenation kinetics. Furthermore, upon completion of four cycles, Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN retained a reversible hydrogen storage capacity of 4.5 wt%, representing an 80% improvement over the undoped Mg(BH 4 ) 2 . In the course of the dehydrogenation phase, the boron atoms in Mg(BH 4 ) 2 were anchored by nitrogen atoms in Ti 3 CN to form B-N bonds, which helped suppress the formation of MgB 12 H 12 . During the subsequent rehydrogenation process, the B-N bonds broke, and the boron atoms reparticipated in the reversible transformation into [BH 4 ] − clusters. Meanwhile, the formation of Ti 0 by the reaction of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 with Ti 3 CN weakened the B-H bond energy, and the layered structure provided an effective way for hydrogen spillover. These factors collectively improved the reversible hydrogen storage capabilities of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 . 摘要 zh 本研究揭示了氮掺杂MXene Ti 3 CN对Mg(BH 4 ) 2 可逆储氢性能的影响。Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN复合材料在温度80°C时开始放氢。此外,在270°C的较低温度下,该复合材料的氢排放量超过8.8 wt%,而在相同的条件下,纯Mg(BH 4 ) 2 的氢排放量仅为5.9 wt%,脱氢动力学显著增强。在完成四个循环后,Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN保留了4.5 wt%的可逆储氢容量,比未掺杂的Mg(BH 4 ) 2 提高了80%。在脱氢过程中,Mg(BH 4 ) 2 中的硼原子被Ti 3 CN中的氮原子锚定形成B-N键,有助于抑制MgB 12 H 12 的形成。在随后的再氢过程中,B-N键断裂,硼原子重新参与可逆转化为[BH 4 ] − 簇。同时,Mg(BH 4 ) 2 与Ti 3 CN反应生成Ti 0 ,削弱了B-H键能,层状结构也为氢溢出提供了有效路径。这些因素共同提高了Mg(BH 4 ) 2 的可逆储氢能力。
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Cell Reports Physical Science
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Run Li,Fan Lan,Aike Xi,Di Gao,Yunrui Li,Ya Huang,Siming Zhao,Yilin Ding,Yanlong Zhao,Rufan Zhang
As an energy-efficient technology, electrochromic devices (ECDs) represent a promising solution for smart windows in buildings and vehicles. However, conventional all-solid-state ECDs suffer from sluggish ion diffusion. Here, we propose a high-performance all-solid-state ECD enabled by a rapid H + transfer pathway. A solid-state polyaniline (PANI) interface serves as an efficient H + reservoir, replacing Li + ions to drive electrochromism in Prussian blue (PB). By integrating a sodium-ion-conducting solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) above PANI, H + ions are selectively pumped into PB via an ion exchange mechanism. The PANI network also stabilizes PB’s framework by preventing anion/solvent intercalation. The optimized ECDs exhibit exceptional performance: fast switching speeds (1.2 s coloration, 3.0 s bleaching), high optical modulation (72.5% at 600 nm), and robust cycling stability (>5,000 cycles with <10% decay). Furthermore, large-area flexible ECDs (20 × 30 cm 2 , ∼0.4 mm thickness) are demonstrated, highlighting their potential as replaceable smart films for energy-efficient buildings and vehicles.
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高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Peigen Zhang,Tianyu Wang,Pei Ding,Feiyue Hu,Zhenglin Zou,Wei He,Vamsi Borra,Qinning Gao,Hanning Zhang,Jingwen Tang,Wei Zheng,ZhengMing Sun
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) offer high safety, low cost, and environmental compatibility, yet their large-scale deployment is hindered by dendrite growth and severe side reactions arising from non-uniform Zn 2+ deposition. Constructing artificial interphase layers (AILs) to regulate Zn 2+ nucleation and growth has emerged as an effective strategy to mitigate these issues. One-dimensional (1D) Sn metal, featuring a high specific surface area, tunable structure, strong zinc affinity, and high hydrogen evolution overpotential, is an ideal candidate for interphase engineering. However, existing synthesis methods for 1D Sn, which rely on template-assisted electrodeposition, face challenges in scalability. In this work, Sn whiskers are synthesized via the mechanochemical decomposition of the Ti 2 SnC MAX phase and employed to construct a three-dimensional (3D) Sn whisker network as an artificial interphase layer on zinc anodes (Sn whisker@Zn). This continuous network effectively guides Zn 2+ migration and deposition, promotes preferential growth along the (002) crystal plane, reduces local current density, and suppresses dendrite formation. Simultaneously, it retards corrosion and inhibits the formation of by-products. Symmetric cells based on Sn whisker@Zn anodes exhibit exceptional cycling stability, sustaining over 1600 h of stable operation at 1 mA cm −2 with a capacity of 0.5 mAh cm −2 , and exceeding 1000 h at a high current density of 10 mA cm −2 . Moreover, the Sn whisker@Zn||NH 4 V 4 O 10 full cell retains 89.94 % of its capacity after 1400 cycles at 5 A g −1 , demonstrating strong application potential. This approach provides a scalable and effective strategy for developing durable zinc anodes, advancing the prospects of AZIBs in energy storage systems.
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International Journal of Analytical Chemistry
·
2020
·
IF 1.678
Lina Huang,Hanke Li,Yuhang Li,Peng Ren,Lezhou Yi,Yang Chen,Tongmei Ma
Background. Organic tin compounds (OTCs), a group of high-risk hazardous substances, are highly concerned in safety regulation of consumer products especially for toys because they can cause serious damage to organs after prolonged or repeated exposure. Gastric juice migration is nowadays widely implemented to assess organic tin intake from toys or food-contact materials; however, the followed up detection method using sodium tetraethylborate [NaB(Et4)] as a derivatization agent may directly lead to false positive of monomethyltins (MMT). Objective. In order to avoid the phenomena of false positive of MMT in the course of laboratory testing of toys, it is necessary and important to perform relative experimental and theoretical studies to reveal the cause of false positive of MMT. Method. With metal tin powder as a representative of inorganic tin which existed in real samples, it was treated with artificial gastric juice (0.07 mol/L·HCl), followed by ethyl derivatization using sodium tetraethylborate [NaB(Et)4] and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) according to the procedure specified in the standard of EN 71-3:2013+A3:2018 issued by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Results. Without any OTCs in the starting materials, MMT false positive can be reproduced by detecting 0.56 mg/L of triethylmethyltin (TEMT) together with approximately 1000 mg/L of tetraethyltin (TeET), which is similar to real samples. Further, it is demonstrated that the detected amount of TEMT is linearly related with the added amount of NaB(Et)4, and that the formation of TEMT (methyl derivative) is easier than TeET (ethyl derivative) even though the ethyl group is present in a larger amount than the methyl group. Conclusions. The phenomena of MMT false positive which occurred in the laboratory testing of toys is mainly because that TEMT is highly likely to be obtained from the reaction of inorganic tin and trace level of methylation agent impurities contained in the derivatization reagent—NaB(Et)4. To avoid MMT false positive, it is concluded that the maximum acceptable mole ratio of methylation agent impurities contained in NaB(Et)4 is approximately 0.028%. This research is helpful to be aware of methylation impurities and is favorable to avoid false judgment caused by MMT false positive in routine analysis of toys.
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高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2025
·
IF 16
Kai Chen,Anjun Hu,Guo-Rui Zhu,Yuanjian Li,Jingyun Jiang,Borui Yang,Ting Li,Kun Li,Jingze Chen,Wang Xu,Zhen Wang,Ruize Xu,Wei Yang,Jian Wang,Gang Wu,Jianping Long,Zhi Wei Seh
The practical application of semisolid lithium metal batteries is impeded by inadequate ionic conductivity, suboptimal oxidation/reduction stability, and safety concerns of the electrolyte. Herein, a versatile molecular engineering strategy is proposed to construct a robust polymer framework for semisolid electrolytes, which creates highly compatible cross-linked networks by the in situ gelation of concentrated succinonitrile-based plastic crystal electrolytes and multifunctional nitrogen- and fluorine-rich monomers. This strategy allows the electrolyte to promote rapid Li-ion transpsort through weak coordination with the polymer segments. Meanwhile, the strong interactions between the polymer matrix and succinonitrile enhance their mutual solubility, reduce the crystallinity of succinonitrile, and establish fast ion-conductive pathways. The resultant electrolyte induces the formation of LiF/Li3N-rich solid electrolyte interphases and achieves uniform lithium deposition behaviors. Moreover, it mitigates fire risks by cothermally decomposing to produce fire-extinguishing gases (CO2 and NH3) and leveraging the nonflammability of succinonitrile. Significant improvements in electrochemical performance have been observed in Li symmetric, Li||LiFePO4, and Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cells both at room temperature and high temperature (60 °C). As a demonstration model, this molecular engineering strategy has been successfully applied to enhance thermal stability and safety in Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch cells, offering a promising solution for semisolid lithium metal batteries under extreme conditions.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）