FUEL
·
2021
·
IF 6.609
Chengyang Cao,Yang Ren,Hao Wang,Hongyun Hu,Baojun Yi,Xian Li,Linling Wang,Hong Yao
Solar-powered pyrolysis of waste tires has been extensively studied because it can rapidly convert waste tires into valuable gas products using sustainable energy. However, the emitted sulfurous pollutants during this fast pyrolysis process would significantly reduce the economic feasibility of disposal waste tires. In order to investigate and regulate the sulfur transformation behavior, a large-load thermogravimetric analyzer and an optical rapid thermal processor were adopted to characterize and simulate the solar-powered fast pyrolysis behavior. The sulfur fixation effect of CaO was also evaluated in this study. Results showed that CaO addition could increase the emission of H 2 and CO by promoting the cracking of organic compounds in tar. In comparison, it could decrease the CO 2 emission by adsorption or transformation. Also, an excellent sulfur fixation rate in char was achieved with 10 wt% CaO addition, but accompanied by increasing emission tendency of SO 2 , especially at 650 °C-6000 °C/min. It was attributed to the competition reaction between H 2 S and SO 2 in the gas phase and interaction between CaS and CaSO 4 in the condensed phase. Our findings could be beneficial to develop an in-situ sulfur removal method during the pyrolysis of waste tires in the industry.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2019
·
IF 3.47
Zhi Zheng,Jun Wang,Yi Wei,Xuejun Liu,Fengwen Yu,Jianbing Ji
La-Fe modified Si-MCM-41 (La-Fe/Si-MCM-41) catalysts were prepared by the wet impregnation method and used in catalytic cracking of soybean oil (CCS) for biofuel production. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, XPS, Py-FTIR and CO 2 -TPD. The results showed that the aromatics content increased with the increase in B/L value, while the content of oxygenated compounds decreased, indicating that Brönsted acid sites were the major active sites for deoxygenation and aromatization reactions. Compared with Si-MCM-41, the Brönsted acidity of LFM-6 sharply decreased from 22.49 to 5.86 μmol g −1 . Accordingly, the aromatics content was reduced from 37.51 wt.% to 14.52 wt.% which was lower than the limitation (15 wt.%) according to the global environmental legislation. However, for the LFM-6 catalyst, the excessive loss of Brönsted acid sites and sharp decrease in BET surface area and pore volume led to the decrease in deoxygenation. As a result, the fatty acids content increased from 2.71 wt.% to 16.67 wt.% and the acid value reached 35.20 mgKOH g −1 . When the La-Fe loading increased to 15 wt.%, part of fatty acids were converted into ketones by the active sites on Fe 2 O 3 /La 2 O 3 and strong Lewis acid sites on catalysts. Besides, the new weak Lewis acid and basic sites on Fe 2 O 3 /La 2 O 3 exhibited the synergistic effect on promoting the generation of alkenes. The CaO/LFM-6 composite catalysts prepared by the mechanical mixing of LFM-6 and CaO were used in CCS to reduce the acid value of biofuel. LFM-6-C-3 was proved to be an effective catalyst for CCS to produce biofuel with low aromatics (12.31 wt.%) and fatty acids (2.76 wt.%) content.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Zulong Wen,Xiandong Hao,Jinyu Wang,Dengfeng Zhang,Zhiyong Xu,Tan Li,Ning Zhao,Wenbo Zhao
The development of efficient carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) adsorbents is crucial for the carbon capture, storage and utilization (CCSU) as well as carbon neutrality targets. Calcium oxide (CaO) has attracted intensive attention due to its low cost and high CO 2 adsorption capacity at high temperature. In the present work, various CaO samples were prepared by simple calcination of different calcium-based precursors with different molecular weight. The CO 2 adsorption performance of these CaO had a tendency to increase at first, and then decrease as the molecular weight of the precursors further increases, which were attributed to differences in their crystallinity. More precisely, there is a negative correlation between the crystallinity of the CaO (200) peak and CO 2 adsorption capacity, i.e. the crystallinity of CaO from different precursors increase according to the order of CaC 4 H 6 O 4 < CaC 2 O 4 < CaCO 3 < Ca(OH) 2 < CaC 36 H 70 O 4, but their adsorption capacity is CaC 4 H 6 O 4 (0.907 mol/mol) > CaC 2 O 4 (0.84 mol/mol) > CaCO 3 (0.64 mol/mol) > Ca(OH) 2 (0.61 mol/mol) > CaC 36 H 70 O 4 (0.30 mol/mol). Additionally, the reaction between CaO and CO 2 followed the Type I Langmuir adsorption isotherm and adhered to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Moreover, the optimal adsorption temperature of CaO from CaC 4 H 6 O 4 was around 650°C, where the maximum adsorption capacity nearly reached 1 mol/mol at the pressure of 0.1 bar. It was also determined that CaO from CaC 4 H 6 O 4 had good cyclic adsorption capacity.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 3.1
Yin Liu,Jie Wan,Yongbao Xiao,Dechao Yu
Glass forming regions of Al 2 O 3 -CaO-SrO (AlCaSr) system were systematically studied and clearly depicted by a combination of thermodynamic calculation method and traditional melt-quenching experiments. The glass forming region was first found with a composition range of Al 2 O 3 : 12–32 mol%, CaO: 43–68 mol%, and SrO: 20–36 mol%. Moreover, two representative glass compositions, 26.6Al 2 O 3 -49.4CaO-24SrO (AlCaSr-1) and 17.48Al 2 O 3 -58.52CaO-24SrO (AlCaSr-2), in central part of the experimental glass forming region and the corresponding glass doped with 1 mol% Er 2 O 3 , i.e., AlCaSr-1-Er and AlCaSr-2-Er, were selected and carefully prepared in our lab. Detailed investigations proved that the AlCaSr glasses had excellent comprehensive properties with high T g temperature (∼ 800 °C), wide transparency wavelength range (0.3–6 μm), and low maximum phonon energy (∼ 770 cm −1 ), and good 2.7 μm mid-infrared emitting properties via doping Er 3+ activators. These results highlight the potential application of AlCaSr glasses as infrared materials, and could benefit the development of high-performance infrared glasses.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Chenlong Liu,Yijun Zhang,Yiman Xiao,Ruyue Zhang,Siddig Abuelgasim,Chenghua Xu,Atif Abdalazeez
Bio-oil by-products are inevitable with biomass gasification. It is considered a potential resource for hydrogen production via steam reforming. This study investigated acetic acid as a bio-model compound using a NiAl 2 O 4 catalyst. The effect of reaction conditions on hydrogen-rich production has also been discussed, including reaction time (1 h, 3 h, 5 h and 7 h), steam/carbon ratio (S/C = 1–4) and the blend of NiAl 2 O 4 and CaO (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:1). The fresh and spent samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, BET, etc. The result showed that the CaO addition has several advantages: 1) it increases hydrogen gas purification; 2) it prevents Ni separation from NiAl 2 O 4 ; 3) it decreases the sintering of NiAl 2 O 4 . However, Ca 5 Al 6 O 14 formation decreases the activity of hydrogen production. In reaction conditions, steam is an essential factor for hydrogen gas production. The S/C ratio = 3 shows the optimum result for hydrogen gas production. Although the higher S/C ratio = 4 can maintain the adsorption activity of CaO, it causes Ni separation from NiAl 2 O 4 . The blend of NiAl 2 O 4 and CaO is another essential factor for hydrogen gas production. Adding CaO has increased hydrogen gas production significantly. However, a little CaO in a blend ratio 3:1 does not maintain the stability of the NiAl 2 O 4 structure. In the end, the optimum conditions are S/C ratio = 3 and blend = 1:1 at 650 °C, which produces hydrogen gas yield (2.1 mol/mol) and H 2 /CO (5.83).
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 7.6
Lei Xia,Jing Zhang,Fang-Jing Liu,Meng-Jie Wang,Wei-Zhen Xia,Yao Lu,Mei-Xia Zhao,Zai-Xing Huang,Xian-Yong Wei,Le-Le Qiu,Yun-Peng Zhao
To address rising energy demand and promote biomass-waste valorization, a biobased CaO catalyst was developed from waste eggshell modified with NaOH for producing high-density fuel precursors via aldol condensation. Characterization revealed that NaOH modification enlarged pore sizes and optimized electronic structure, significantly strengthening surface basic sites. The optimal 10 wt % NaOH-Eggshell achieved >90% cyclohexanone conversion at 180 °C, yielding dimeric and trimeric products with selectivities of 99.7% and 0.3%, respectively. The kinetic analysis confirmed a notably reduced activation energy. The catalyst also exhibited high activity in cross-condensation between cyclopentanone and methyl-substituted cyclohexanones, with cyclopentanone notably enhancing conversion and selectivity toward trimeric products. The resulting fuel derived from the cross-condensation of cyclohexanone and cyclopentanone exhibits a density of 0.933 g/cm3, a freezing point below −75 °C, and a calorific value of 38.9 MJ/kg, comparable to JP-10 aviation fuel. Furthermore, a “waste-to-wealth” strategy was proposed to upgrade real phenolic oil from coal tar into high-density fuel. By integrating selective hydrogenation, C–C coupling (catalyzed by 10 wt % NaOH-Eggshell), and hydrodeoxygenation, the black phenolic oil was efficiently converted into a transparent liquid fuel composed primarily of high-density polycycloalkanes. This work provides a green and cost-effective pathway for valorizing biomass waste while providing a solid foundation for the clean conversion of coal tar into high-density aviation fuels.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2021
·Vol. 74
·期 2
·622-633
·
IF 2.474
Liu Zhihong,Ye Fengchun,Chen Rui,Wang Hongjun,Xia Longgong
Halogen-containing organic components in waste electrical and electronic equipment have an obvious influence on the distribution behaviors of valuable metals during the smelting processes. However, the mechanism is still incomplete in the literature. The equilibration-quenching-(ICP+EPMA) experimental technique has been applied in studying the partitioning behaviors of Au, Ag, and Sn in the Cu-FeO x -SiO 2 -CaO-Al 2 O 3 smelting system in the presence of halogen elements (F, Cl, Br). The obtained results showed that: (1) 93% Au terminated into the alloy phase in CaF 2 adding experiments, and a maximum of 32% Au reported to the gas phase in CaCl 2 or CaBr 2 adding experiments; (2) 22–49% Ag entered the gas phase when adding CaF 2 into the system, and 3–34% Ag entered into the gas phase when adding CaCl 2 or CaBr 2 ; and (3) halogen elements influenced Sn dramatically, and portions of Sn in the gas phase and slag phase increased along with increasing temperature or halides dosage.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 3.5
Zenan Gao,Peng Zhang,Wenjingsheng Ling,Yuting Yang,Jingjing Ma,Guangyu Li
Calcium carbide (CaC 2 ) production is highly energy- and carbon-intensive, creating an urgent need for feedstock upgrading to enable low-carbon operation. Herein, CaO–carbon composite pellets (CCCPs) were prepared by granulating fine CaO and semi-coke powders with a hybrid binder (coal tar pitch + polyvinyl alcohol), which balances ambient green strength and high-temperature structural integrity. The effects of pyrolysis temperature (600–1000 °C) on devolatilization behavior, Ca-bearing phase transitions, pore structure evolution, and intrinsic reactivity were systematically investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed two dominant mass-loss stages: 20–600 °C, dominated by binder decomposition and Ca(OH) 2 dehydroxylation (total mass loss ∼24.67%), and 600–1000 °C, governed by CaCO 3 decomposition (mass loss ∼11.11%). With increasing temperature, pore coalescence was promoted: submicron pore volume decreased, while macropores (10–100 μm) first increased and peaked at 800 °C (highest volume fraction). Raman analysis showed that the carbon disorder degree ( A D1 / A G ) reached a maximum of 2.05 at 800 °C, indicating optimal carbon reactivity. CaO underwent progressive carbonation at 600–800 °C, and CaCO 3 decomposition initiated near 800 °C and was completed by 1000 °C. Notably, CCCPs pyrolyzed at 800 °C exhibited the highest thermal strength (13.20 MPa at 800 °C, 7.69 MPa at 1200 °C) and optimal reactivity, attributed to the synergistic effect of favorable pore structure and enhanced CaO-carbon interfacial contact. This work provides a mechanistic basis for the design of high-performance CCCPs, offering a promising waste-derived feed strategy to reduce energy consumption in CaC 2 synthesis. Download: Download high-res image (177KB) Download: Download full-size image
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
Xuankun Wei,Chunling Dong,Feng Xie,Pengju Wang,Feng Yan,Zuotai Zhang
Hazardous waste incineration fly ash (HFA) and bottom ash (HBA) are considered hazardous due to their high concentrations of heavy metals, which drew much attention about their safe disposal. Geopolymers have emerged as promising materials for solidifying heavy metals. With HBA having relatively high content of aluminosilicates , it presents a potential opportunity to convert both HFA and HBA into geopolymer through alkali activation, thus effectively solidifying heavy metals. However, HBA is often regarded as having lower reactivity, necessitating the addition of reactive calcium (Ca) to enhance alkali activation. In this study, we investigated the impact of incorporating a small amount of CaO on heavy metal solidification in geopolymer. The results demonstrate that the addition of CaO can effectively reduce the leaching concentration of heavy metals in geopolymer when the HBA content exceeds 40 wt% and meets the limits specified by the Chinese standard (GB18598–2019). Characterization using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and micromeritics instrument corp (MIP) reveals that the addition of CaO reduces the porosity of the geopolymer from 23.59 % to 14.30 %, and resulted in a more uniform distribution of hydration products on the particle surface. This enhanced distribution contributes to a stronger encapsulation effect, effectively enveloping and sealing heavy metal ions within HFA and HBA particles. Consequently, the geopolymer incorporating CaO in the HFA and HBA mixture is deemed suitable for the safe treatment mandated by GB18598–2019. This study offers valuable insights for the comprehensive disposal of these hazardous waste types.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2014
·Vol. 144
·期 7
·1188-1196
·
IF 2.291
Zhu Lihua,Cao Maohong,Zhou Hua,Zhang Nuowei,Zheng Jinbao,Li Yunhua,Chen Bing H.
Abstract
A series of CaO/Al 2 O 3 base catalysts with different crystal phases is prepared via thermal treatment. The as-prepared base catalysts are tested through Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone to ε-caprolactone in liquid-phase using a mixture of aqueous hydrogen peroxide and benzonitrile as oxidant. The corresponding results show that the CaO/Al 2 O 3 catalysts with high thermal treatment temperature (e.g. 900 °C) exhibit excellent activity as well as stability. Upon these, the catalysts are characterized by TG–DTG, XRD, N 2 -physisorption, SEM and CO 2 -TPD techniques. The characterization results clearly suggest that such a stable and efficient catalytic performance is beneficial from the formation of calcium aluminate phase, thus overcoming one of base catalyst application barriers, that Ca or CaO species loss (leach) from CaO-based catalysts during reactions. Correspondingly, it can be inferred that the treatment of the catalysts at different temperatures results in the diverse distribution of basic strength. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that the suitable base strength (medium strength is good for the reaction selected in the work) plays a critically role in the improvement of catalytic performance. Finally, the effects of operation conditions on catalytic activity and product selectivity are also determined and discussed. Graphical Abstract
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Shurong Shi,Lihua Gao,Junhong Zhang,Zhijun He
A systematic study of the preparation and metallurgical properties of magnesia flux pellets was used to elucidate the mechanism for oxidation and consolidation occurring during oxidative roasting. The compressive strength of the finished pellets was 3545 N/P. With sufficient basicity and MgO contents, magnetite (Fe) x [Fe] 2 O 4 and maghemite γ-Fe 2 O 3 with spinel-type crystal structures combined with MgO/CaO to form nonstoichiometric Mg x Fe 1-x Fe 2 O 4 (0 < x < 1) and Ca y Fe 1-y Fe 2 O 4 (0 < y < 1). With higher basicity and MgO contents, the participation of CaO/MgO was the driving force for gradient conversion from olivine Fe 2 SiO 4 to olivine Mg x Ca 2-x SiO 4 . The CaO/MgO combined with magnetite (Fe) x [Fe] 2 O 4 and maghemite γ-Fe 2 O 3 to form stable (Ca, Mg) x Fe 1-x Fe 2 O 4 , CaFe 2 O 4 and CaFe 3 O 5 , thereby inhibiting recrystallization of the pellets and resulting in poorer metallurgical properties of the magnesia flux pellets.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Junmiao Yu,Xiaoxia Yang,Changkai Wang,Mingxia Huang,Butera Hassan,Zhihong Yang,Xizhu Yang,Bin Huang,Xuejun Pan
This paper integrated alkai-dried sewage sludge (SS) using calcium oxide (CaO) and bagasse (BA) with a two-stage sorption-enhanced steam gasification (SESG) process to separately generate high-purity H 2 and CO at different temperature regions, while exploring optimal conditions and coupling mechanism. Response surface experiment revealed that SS and BA exerted opposing effects on H 2 and CO production, highlighting the importance of balancing their mass ratio. Increasing CaO dosage and H 2 and CO-generation stages temperatures enhanced H 2 and CO production. The optimal conditions were identified as a CaO dosage of 1.2, with temperatures of 600 °C and 750 °C for H 2 and CO-generation stages, considering cost and energy efficiency. With the optimal CaO and BA dosage, the moisture of SS reduced from 80 % to below 40 % within 3h, enabling low-energy dewatering. During H 2 -generation stage (600 °C), residual moisture and Ca(OH) 2 in the dried SS generated in-situ steam promoting steam reforming reactions, and Ca(OH) 2 has more CO 2 sorption capacity than CaO and catalytic effect of cyclization and dehydrogenation of generated tar, to boost H 2 production. During CO-generation stage (750 °C), CaCO 3 released CO 2 to gasify char, improving CO production. The process produced 113.5 mL/g dry biomass of H 2 with 74.1 vol% purity during H 2 -generation stage and 113.3 mL/g dry biomass of CO with 59.8 vol% purity during CO-generation stage. This paper proposed a new approach for drying and resource utilization of SS for inherently separated generation of high-purity H 2 and CO, providing a more sustainable and resource-efficient process.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）