WEAR
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Sudesh Singh,Tianyi Han,Xinchun Chen,Chenhui Zhang
Although MXene and MoS 2 individually possess outstanding anti-friction and wear-resistant properties in numerous applications, the combination of both in the recent past has created a new frontier in cutting-edge applications. The current work insights into the impregnation of porous alumina ceramics in the MXene (1 wt %), MoS 2 (1 wt %), and hybrid (0.5 wt % MXene +0.5 wt % MoS 2 ) solution to fabricate self-lubricating alumina composites via vacuum impregnation method and afterward exploring the mechanical as well as tribological properties of the synthesized composites. A significant strengthening of the matrix for impregnated composites was observed compared to unimpregnated porous ceramics. The impregnated composites were slid against the zirconia ball to assess the friction behavior. The results revealed that the ceramics impregnated with MXene only can reduce COF by ∼43 % of that unimpregnated ceramics; however, in conjunction with MoS 2, the reduction can be lowered to ∼70 % attributed to synergistic effect of MXene and MoS 2 to form the tribo-layer over interacting surfaces. The study concludes that hybrid (MXene/MoS 2 ) impregnation of porous ceramics exhibits excellent self-lubricating properties over other impregnations, making them suitable candidates for advanced tribological applications. This novel combination leverages the unique properties of MXene and MoS 2 to enhance the longevity and performance of porous ceramics in demanding operational environments.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Yanxiang Liu,Yuanlin Li,Yu-Ting Xu,Hai Xu,Yu Gao,Xiao-Feng Wang,Ritsuko Fujii,Shin-ichi Sasaki
Developing efficient heterojunction photocatalysts with improved light-harvesting capacity and high charge carrier separation rates for photocatalytic hydrogen production remains a challenge in the field of energy conversion. In this study, we synthesized two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets through HF etching of Ti 3 AlC 2 and combined them with carotenoid dyes ( Car ) with different structural characteristics using a solvent spontaneous volatilization method to construct novel Car @Ti 3 C 2 T x Schottky heterojunctions. The intimate interface contacts between the two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and Car enhanced the light-harvesting capacity of the photocatalysts and promoted charge separation rates. The optimal sample, Car-3 @Ti 3 C 2 T x nanocomposite, exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity of 84.4 µmol h −1 g −1 for H 2 production under visible light illumination. This work demonstrates the potential of earth-abundant organic Car dyes in constructing high-efficiency and low-cost photocatalysts for hydrogen production .
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Liming Yao,Liwei Qian,Wenqi Song,Sufeng Zhang,Yuhao Zhang,Lijing Zhang,Xikuan Li,Guangqi Yan,Valentin Nica
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides (Ti3C2Tx MXene) have demonstrated substantial application potential across various fields, owing to their excellent metallic conductivity and solution processability. However, the rapid oxidation of Ti3C2Tx in aqueous environments, leading to a loss of stability within mere days, poses a significant obstacle for its practical applications. Herein, we introduce an antioxidant strategy that combines free radical scavenging with surface passivation, culminating in the design and synthesis of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) incorporating siloxane groups. By deploying a straightforward hydrolysis-addition reaction, we successfully fabricated IL-modified Ti3C2Tx materials (Ti3C2Tx-IL). The Ti3C2Tx -IL not only displayed exceptional conductivity exceeding 3.85 × 104 S/m and hydrophilic contact angles below 45° but also showcased its superior chemical stability and antioxidation mechanisms through various analyses, including visual color change experiments, spectroscopic and energy spectrum characterization, free radical scavenging tests, and density-functional-theory-based molecular simulations. Furthermore, when utilized as a conductive filler in the fabrication of a poly(vinyl alcohol)/nanocellulose fiber (PVA/CNF) composite hydrogel (PCMIL), the resultant sensors exhibited remarkable mechanical performance with up to 535% strain, 1.59 MPa strength, 4.35 MJ/m3 toughness, and a conductivity of 3.40 mS/cm, as well as a high sensitivity gauge factor of 3.3. Importantly, even after 45 days of storage, the PCMIL retained most of its functionalities, demonstrating superior performance in human-machine interaction applications compared to hydrogels made from unmodified Ti3C2Tx. This research establishes a robust antioxidant protection strategy for Ti3C2Tx, offering substantial technical reinforcement for its prospective applications in the realm of flexible electronics and sensing technologies.
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Materials Today Chemistry
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Xiangjun Li,Rongtao Wu,Yuxin Shi,Shijie Ding,Miaomiao Li,Shiwei Xu,Bing Zhang,Libo Tong,Qingjuan Wang
The anti-corrosion/anti-wear advantages of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes are limited in environmentally friendly water-based resins due to their instability in aqueous environments and poor compatibility with polymers. In this study, a dual-functional waterborne polyurethane (WPU)/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene hybrid coating with excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance is designed. This strategy uses dopamine-grafted Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene sheets to enhance the dispersibility and compatibility of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets in WPU through covalent and hydrogen bonds and can alleviate the oxidation of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene in aqueous solution. In 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, PMXene and WPU composite (WPU@PMXene) coating has the lowest corrosion current density of 7.73 × 10 −8 A cm −2 and the highest polarization resistance of 1.22 × 10 7 Ω cm 2 , which is better than that of bare Mg alloys 3 orders of magnitude. The |Z| f = 0.01Hz value of WPU@PMXene coating is 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of pure WPU coating. In addition, the wear rate of WPU@PMXene coating is reduced from 2.93 × 10 −3 mm 3 /(N·m) of pure WPU to 0.9 × 10 −3 mm 3 /(N·m) (reduced by 3 times). The improved performance is due to the “labyrinth effect” and increased compatibility of dopamine modified Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene. This synergistic effect exploits a novel and convenient approach of expanding the application of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene in aqueous coatings to enhance corrosion and wear resistance.
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Nanomaterials
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 22
·1835
·
IF 4.4
Chong Li,Ran Tao,Jinqiao Hou,Huanming Wang,Chen Fu,Jingting Luo
Ammonia (NH 3 ) gas is prevalent in industrial production as a health hazardous gas. Consequently, it is essential to develop a straightforward, reliable, and stable NH 3 sensor capable of operating at room temperature. This paper presents an innovative approach to modifying SnO 2 colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene to form a heterojunction, which introduces a significant number of adsorption sites and enhances the response of the sensor. Zero-dimensional (0D) SnO 2 quantum dots and two-dimensional (2D) Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene were prepared by solvothermal and in situ etching methods, respectively. The impact of the mass ratio between two materials on the performance was assessed. The sensor based on 12 wt% Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene/SnO 2 composites demonstrates excellent performance in terms of sensitivity and response/recovery speed. Upon exposure to 50 ppm NH 3 , the frequency shift in the sensor is −1140 Hz, which is 5.6 times larger than that of pure Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and 2.8 times higher than that of SnO 2 CQDs. The response/recovery time of the sensor for 10 ppm NH 3 was 36/54 s, respectively. The sensor exhibited a theoretical detection limit of 73 ppb and good repeatability. Furthermore, a stable sensing performance can be maintained after 30 days. The enhanced sensor performance can be attributed to the abundant active sites provided by the accumulation/depletion layer in the Ti 3 C 2 T x /SnO 2 heterojunction, which facilitates the adsorption of oxygen molecules. This work promotes the gas sensing application of MXenes and provides a way to improve gas sensing performance.
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Heliyon
·
2024
·
IF 3.4
Song Lin,Lixin Wen,Hong Zhao,Donghua Huang,Zuwei Yang,Qinge Zou,Ling Jiang
Since the p53 protein is an important promising biomarker of lung tumor and colorectal tumor, it is very essential to design a highly effective mean to monitor the degree of p53 for the early clinical analysis/therapy of the related tumors. In this work, a sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensing (SES) platform is proposed for the first time to detect p53 via synthesizing Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanoribbons (Ti 3 C 2 T x Nb) and ferrocene/gold nanoparticles (Fc/Au) respectively as the sensing substrate and signal-amplifier. The superior electrical property and large surface area of Ti 3 C 2 T x Nb are beneficial to assemble the initial p53-antibodies (Ab 1 ), while the synthesized Fc/Au is devoted to assemble the secondary p53 antibodies (Ab 2 ) and gives a magnified signal. By adopting the Fc molecules as the probes, the experiments reveal the response current of Fc resulted from the SES structure increases along with the p53 increase from 1.0 to 200.0 pg mL −1 . A considerable low detection limit (1.0 pg mL −1 ) is achieved after optimizing several key conditions, it is thus confirmed the as-proposed SES mean exhibits significant application in the detection of p53 protein and other targets.
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Applied Materials Today
·
2024
·
IF 7.2
Qianqian Qiao,Jinyu Wang,Bingjiao Li,Yuhao Guo,Tao Liao,Ziqiang Xu,Ying Kuang,Cao Li
Photothermal therapy (PTT)-based combination therapy is an effective approach to cancer treatment. However, there is a possibility of tumor development due to the inflammation caused by PTT. In addition, hyperthermia can cause damage to normal tissues. This work reported a drug delivery/cascade enzyme system based on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets. Ultra-small, degradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DS-MSN) were prepared to load phloretin (Phl), which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Subsequently, glucose oxidase (GOx) was adsorbed on the surface of DS-MSN. The nanoparticles were then modified on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets and finally treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to obtain the multifunctional system named Ti 3 C 2 T x -Phl@DS-MSN-GOx-PEG (TPDMGP). The high near-infrared photothermal conversion efficiency of Ti 3 C 2 T x made it suitable for PTT. GOx and Ti 3 C 2 T x formed a cascade enzyme system inside cancer cells: Ti 3 C 2 T x exhibited catalase (CAT)-like activity that decomposed intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) into O 2 , which was provided to GOx for enhanced starvation therapy. GOx in the presence of O 2 produces H 2 O 2 , for the oxygen production of Ti 3 C 2 T x . Meanwhile, DS-MSN could be degraded in the reducing environment inside cancer cells as it contains disulfide bonds in its backbone, thus releasing Phl for chemotherapy. Such a combination therapy strategy could achieve a satisfactory therapeutic outcome by low-temperature PTT while evading normal tissue damage by high temperature. The anti-inflammatory effects of both Ti 3 C 2 T x and Phl enabled TPDMGP to eliminate the inflammation caused by PTT via the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The multifunctional system is expected to generate new paradigms for cancer PTT.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Dongao Liu,Lei Li,Quanxin Gong,Gui Du,Yuhua Xue,Guisheng Li,Shengjuan Li
Developing high-performance and cost-effective microwave-absorbing materials for large-scale production is crucial in addressing the current electromagnetic pollution problem. This has become a focus of scientific research. This study proposes a cost-effective freeze-thaw method to enable large-scale production of MXene-based flexible films. This method streamlines the preparation process and produces ultrathin flexible MXene/CNF composite films with a multidimensional layered structure. The multidimensional layered structure provides additional scattering and reflecting paths for electromagnetic waves, increasing the interaction time between electromagnetic waves and the material. Additionally, the redistributed interfacial charge enhances the dielectric loss and electromagnetic shielding performance for the shielding material, thereby improving microwave absorption efficiency. Owing to these advantages, the MXene/CNF composite films prepared using the freeze-thaw method exhibit excellent electromagnetic shielding and mechanical properties. The conductivity of the composite film can reach 165.9 S cm −1 with a shielding effectiveness of 54.7 dB, and a high efficiency of 99.74 %. According to the simulations using a finite element method (FEM), the arrangement and rotation angles of all CNF layers significantly affect the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the MXenen/CNF composite films.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Jin Duan,Zhe Liu,Xiuchen Wang
Developing flexible materials with combined electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and microwave absorption capabilities holds significant application potential. Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene has emerged as a flexible EMI shielding material due to its thinness, adhesion, flexibility, and dual shielding and absorption properties. High conductivity-induced reflection and layered self-stacking challenges hinder Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene performance enhancement, posing challenges demanding solutions. This study first uses simulations to analyze how functional group modifications and interlayer spacing affect Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's electromagnetic properties. Hydroxyl groups are proposed as key regulators of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's properties. Subsequently, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes were treated with a low-concentration NaOH gradient to modulate hydroxyl groups. Ultrasonic-microwave extraction resolved delamination, enabling ultra-thin film preparation. The treatment caused hydroxyl groups to initially increase and then decrease, with interlayer spacing first contracting and then expanding, achieving synchronous modulation of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene's surface functional groups and interlayer spacing. The EMI shielding and microwave absorption of ultrathin films were analyzed, with shielding efficiency correlating positively with hydroxyl group concentration. Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene treated with 0.2 mol/L NaOH exhibited maximum hydroxyl concentration, achieving 48.965 dB shielding at 0.016 mm thickness (SE/t = 3060.320 dB/mm), demonstrating hydroxyl groups' role in improving shielding performance. Wave absorption increased with higher NaOH concentrations, correlating with surface hydroxyl groups. The 0.3 mol/L NaOH-treated MXene showed a 12.883 dB absorption increase versus untreated samples. Additionally, the green shielding index (g s ) of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene films increased by 32.9 % with higher NaOH concentration. Results demonstrate that surface hydroxyl modification and layer spacing adjustment significantly enhance the EMI shielding and wave absorption of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene. Meanwhile, the prepared thin, flexible products have potential applications in aerospace, defense, and flexible electronics.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Lin Chen,Xi Chen,Fei Wang,Yu Tong,Kewei Zhang,Zhengbo Han,Mingzhe Zhang
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are regarded as potential candidate materials with great application prospects in the field of gas sensing. In this study, MOF derivatives were anchored onto MXene sheets through self-assembly technology to prepare a heterojunction material ZnO/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene with high specific surface area, achieving ultrafast dual gas sensing behavior for H 2 /NO 2 . At a low temperature of 80°C, the ZnO/ Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene heterojunction sensor exhibited an ultrafast response (23.17%) to 500 ppb H 2 within 3.2 s. After a moderate temperature increase to 180°C, it also demonstrated significant sensing performance (46.3%) to 500 ppb NO 2 within 4 s. The electronic interaction mechanism of ZnO/ Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene heterostructures in H 2 and NO 2 detection was revealed through density functional theory calculations and in-situ Raman spectroscopy, clarifying the influence of interfacial charge transfer on sensing performance. Heterogeneous structures achieve the regulation of gas adsorption-induced electron rearrangement and carrier modulation by constructing interface charge-regulating channels, significantly enhancing the response rate, selectivity and reversibility in the detection of H 2 and NO 2 , thereby enabling highly sensitive and trace detection of the two gases.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Wang Guo,Zhiqiang Ma,Zhou Chen,Haojun Hua,Dong Wang,Mohamed Elhousseini Hilal,Yatian Fu,Pengyi Lu,Jian Lu,Yuanting Zhang,Derek Ho,Bee Luan Khoo
Increasing demand for flexible sensors in healthcare has spurred the development of nanomaterial-polymer composite sensors. However, existing pressure sensors suffer from low sensitivity due to poor interactions between the functional filler and the polymer matrix. For example, the direct chemical bonding of nanomaterials to the surface of chemically inert polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is not easily achieved. Herein, we demonstrate that MXene can significantly promote the sensitivity of a thin and soft piezoresistive sensor based on a surface functionalized PDMS (FPDMS) sponge. Using plasma treatment, we constructed a MXene-FPDMS (MFP) sponge with high mechanical strength via the interlayer hydrogen bonding effect. The formed MFP sponge structure (∼450 μm in thickness) endows the pressure sensor with a high sensitivity of 14.2 kPa −1 and a low modulus of 9.7 kPa, critical for detecting ultra-low pressures. When operated with deep learning algorithms, the MFP sponge sensor successfully classifies the pronunciation of 26 letters and various polite expressions with an average accuracy of 94 ± 0.6 %. We envision that this work paves the way for the development of intelligent wearable platforms.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Siyuan Diao,Lili Meng,Christian Mark Pelicano,Jiajia Huang,Zhihong Tian,Feili Lai,Tianxi Liu,Shaokui Cao
Photothermal responsive hydrogels are widely used in bionic soft actuators due to their remote-controlled capabilities and flexibility. However, their weak mechanical properties and limited responsiveness hinder their potential applications. To overcome this, we developed an innovative laponite/MXene/PNIPAm (LxMyPN) nanocomposite hydrogel that is mechanically robust and exhibits excellent photothermally responsive properties based on abundant hydrogen bonds. Notably, laponite clay is used as a co-cross-linking agent to improve the mechanical properties of LxMyPN hydrogel, while MXene nanosheets are added to promote the photothermal responsiveness. The resulting L3M0.4PN nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits enhanced mechanical properties, with a compressive strength of 0.201 MPa, a tensile strength of 90 kPa, and a fracture toughness of 27.25 kJ m–2. In addition, the L3M0.4PN hydrogel displays a deswelling ratio of 73.6% within 60 s and experiences an excellent volume shrinkage of 82.4% under light irradiation. Furthermore, hydrogel actuators with fast response behaviors are constructed and employed as grippers capable of grasping and releasing target objects. Overall, this high-strength and fast-responsive hydrogel actuator is beneficial to paving the way for remote controlled soft robots.
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