Nature Communications
·
2019
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 11.878
Yang Yang,Zhang Shuai,Zhang Xiqi,Gao Longcheng,Wei Yen,Ji Yan
Vitrimers are one kind of covalently crosslinked polymers that can be reprocessed. Topology freezing transition temperature (T v ) is vitrimer’s upper limit temperature for service and lower temperature for recycle. However, there has been no proper method to detect the intrinsic T v till now. Even worse, current testing methods may lead to a misunderstanding of vitrimers. Here we provide a sensitive and universal method by doping or swelling aggregation-induced-emission (AIE) luminogens into vitrimers. The fluorescence of AIE-luminogens changes dramatically below and over T v , providing an accurate method to measure T v without the interference of external force. Moreover, according to this method, T v is independent of catalyst loading. The opposite idea has been kept for a long time. This method not only is helpful for the practical application of vitrimers so as to reduce white wastes, but also may facilitate deep understanding of vitrimers and further development of functional polymer materials.
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Nano Research
·
2018
·Vol. 11
·期 7
·3648-3657
·
IF 7.994
Xu Jing,Jie Xu,Xie Fengfeng,Yang Haimei,Wei Weili,Xia Zhining
A new type of self-targeting carbon dot (CD-Fla) for the detection of the toxic heavy metal ion Pb 2+ was synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal route using flavonoid extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves as the starting material. As-prepared CD-Fla exhibited excellent biocompatibility and strong blue emission with a quantum yield of 16.1% and significant fluorescence quenching selectivity for Pb 2+ without using any additional targeting molecules. CD-Fla could detect Pb 2+ quantitatively within the range 0.1–20.0 nM, with an ultrahigh sensitivity of 55 pM. The selectivity of CD-Fla for Pb 2+ was nearly one order of magnitude higher than that for other relevant metal ions. This was much better than ever reported CD-based metal ion sensors. The high sensitivity and selectivity were due to the incorporation of certain flavonoid-like moieties into CD-Fla. CD-Fla was also demonstrated to be a good probe for fluorescence tracing of intracellular Pb 2+ . The capability of CD-Fla was further improved when it was doped on agarose hydrogel. CD-Fla-doped agarose hydrogel (CD-AHG) allowed for visual fluorescence detection and removal of Pb 2+ from water. This was confirmed by testing CD-AHG in actual water samples taken from the Jialing River (Chongqing, China). The Pb 2+ adsorbed CD-AHG was regenerable in HCl solution. This study will open a new avenue for synthesizing intelligent materials capable of simultaneously targeting, detecting, and treating heavy metal ions.
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COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2016
·Vol. 295
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 1.89
Qi Peilan,Bu Yongqiang,Xu Jing,Qin Benkai,Luan Shujuan,Song Shiyong
Many tumor cells have acidic microenvironment that can be exploited for the design of pH-responsive drug delivery systems. In this work, well-defined pH-sensitive and biodegradable polymeric micelles were prepared and evaluate as carrier of paclitaxel (PTX). A diblock copolymer constituting of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and a polycaprolactone (PCL) segment linked by a pH-sensitive hydrazone bond (Hyd), which was denoted as mPEG-Hyd-PCL, was synthesized. The copolymer was assembled to micelles with mean diameters about 100 nm. The mean diameters and size distribution of the hydrazone-containing micelles increased obviously in mildly acidic environments while kept unchanged in the neutral. No significant change in size was found on polymeric micelles without hydrazone (mPEG-PCL). PTX was loaded into micelles, and the anticancer drug released from mPEG-Hyd-PCL micelles was promoted by the increased acidity. In vitro cytotoxicity study showed that the PTX-loaded mPEG-Hyd-PCL micelles exhibited significantly enhanced cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells compared to the non-sensitive mPEG-PCL micelles. These results suggest that hydrazone-containing copolymer micelles with pH sensitivity and biodegradability show excellent potential as carriers of anticancer drugs.
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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering
·
2021
·Vol. 16
·期 4
·498-510
·
IF 4.204
Bo Jinxiao,Li Mei,Zhu Xinli,Ge Qingfeng,Han Jinyu,Wang Hua
The electrochemical conversion of CO 2 -H 2 O into CO-H 2 using renewable energy is a promising technique for clean syngas production. Low-cost electrocatalysts to produce tunable syngas with a potential-independent CO/H 2 ratio are highly desired. Herein, a series of N -doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating binary alloy nanoparticles (M x Ni-NCNT, M= Fe, Co) were successfully fabricated through the co-pyrolysis of mela-mine and metal precursors. The M x Ni-NCNT samples exhibited bamboo-like nanotubular structures with a large specific surface area and high degree of graphitization. Their electrocatalytic performance for syngas production can be tuned by changing the alloy compositions and modifying the electronic structure of the carbon nanotube through the encapsulated metal nanoparticles. Consequently, syngas with a wide range of CO/H 2 ratios, from 0.5:1 to 3.4:1, can be produced on M x Ni-NCNT. More importantly, stable CO/H 2 ratios of 2:1 and 1.5:1, corresponding to the ratio to produce biofuels by syngas fermentation, could be realized on Co 1 Ni-NCNT and Co 2 Ni-NCNT, respectively, over a potential window of −0.8 to −1.2 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. Our work provides an approach to develop low-cost and potential-independent electrocatalysts to effectively produce syngas with an adjustable CO/H 2 ratio from electrochemical CO 2 reduction.
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JOURNAL OF INCLUSION PHENOMENA AND MACROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 93
·期 3
·289-299
·
IF 1.429
Li Zhendong,Liu Huijun,Qi Caixia,Yang Aohui,Deng Shanxia
Using ethylenediamine-β-cyclodextrin and α-naphthylacetic acid as raw material, a novel inclusion complex (en-β-CD@NAA) was synthesized. The inclusion complex structures and properties were analyzed by reliable spectroscopic and physicochemical techniques. The stoichiometry of the inclusion complex was 1:1 and the stability constant ( K S ) value was found to be 2511 M −1 at 293 K. Molecular thermodynamic parameters indicated that the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the process. The inclusion form was foreseen by Chem 3D program combined with 1 H-NMR experimental data. The solubilization curves ( K 1 = 2.05) and in-vitro dissolution data demonstrated that the en-β-CD@NAA inclusion complex has satisfactory water solubility.
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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
·
2012
·Vol. 6
·期 4
·445-454
·
IF 0
Li Wenzhen,Ding Yu,Sui Qian,Lu Shuguang,Qiu Zhaofu,Lin Kuangfei
The aim of this study was to identify the intermediates in clofibric acid degradation under various advanced oxidation processes, namely ultraviolet (UV), UV/H 2 O 2 , vacuum ultraviolet (VUV), VUV/H 2 O 2 , and solar/TiO 2 processes, as well as to assess the toxicity of these intermediates. Eleven intermediates have been detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, most of which were reported for the first time to our best knowledge. Combining the evolution of the dissolved organic carbon, Cl − and specific ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm, it could be deduced that cleavage of aromatic ring followed by dechlorination was the mechanism in solar/TiO 2 process, while dechlorination happened first and accumulation of aromatic intermediates occurred in the other processes. Different transformation pathways were proposed for UV-, VUV-assisted and solar/TiO 2 processes, respectively. The acute toxicity was evaluated by means of Photobacterium phosphoreum T 3 spp. bioassay. It was believed that aromatic intermediates increased the toxicity and the ring-opening pathway in solar/TiO 2 process could relieve the toxicity.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 39
·期 5
·573-584
·
IF 3.154
Sun Xu,Shi Wei,Zhou Xin-Yu,Ding Sheng
With the exploration of novel sustainable protocol for functional polyamides’ (PAs) construction as the starting point, herein, the small molecular model compound (M1-ssBIC) was prepared firstly by manual grinding of monofunctional benzoxazine (1a) and isocyanide (1b) via solid-state benzoxazine-isocyanide chemistry (ssBIC) to evaluate the feasibility of ssBIC. Linear PAs (P1-series polymers) were subsequently synthesized from biunctional benzoxazine (2a) and isocyanide (2b), and the influence of the loading of catalyst (octylphosphonic acid) (OPA) on the polymerization was investigated. Afterwards, two kinds of cross-linked PAs were successfully constructed via ssBIC by using trifunctional benzoxazine (3a) and cross-linked polybenzoxazine (4a) as reaction substrates, respectively, thus verifying the adaptability of ssBIC. Structural characterization indicates that amide, phenolic hydroxyl and tertiary amine substructures, with metal-complexing capability, have been successfully integrated into the obtained PAs. A type of representative PA/silver composite (P3-AgNPs) was prepared subsequently via in situ reduction treatment, and its application as recyclable reduction catalyst for organic pollutant p-nitrophenol (4-NP) was preliminarily investigated here to provide the example for possible downstream application of ssBIC. We think that this current work could provide a new pathway for the construction of functional PAs through facile and sustainable ssBIC protocol.
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CELLULOSE
·
2021
·Vol. 29
·期 2
·927-939
·
IF 5.044
Xiong Jun,Zhang Zhenning,Liu Yuhao,Yi Jie,Wang Yixin,Li Bowen,Wang Weiming,Peng Shuai,Min Xue,Gui Yunyun,Li Ming,Peng Junjun
Nowadays, freshwater shortage, energy crisis and environmental pollution are the three major threats to human beings. Bio-waste is an important source of environmental pollutant emissions and a renewable resource with great potential. Herein, we develop a photothermal material based on bagasse for solar steam generation to relieve the freshwater crisis and mitigate environmental pollution caused by bio-waste. The mainly functional part of the solar-driven steam generator here is bagasse-based photothermal aerogel (B-PTA), which composes of carbonized bagasse (CB) and bagasse-derived cellulose fiber (BDCF). The B-PTA relying on CB can effectively absorb sunlight (~ 95%), resulting in a prominent light-to-heat ability. The B-PTA with DBCF has super-hydrophilicity, water transport and retention ability. Depending on the excellent light absorption and 3D water passageway, the B-PTA gives a water evaporation rate of 1.36 kg m –2 h –1 , and achieves a photothermal conversion efficiency of 77.34% under 1-sun illumination (1 kW m –2 ). The B-PTA shows remarkable stability that the efficiency without significant change after 20 cycles. In addition, the B-PTA can effectively desalt seawater and purify dye wastewater with natural sunlight. Therefore, turning bio-waste into valuable photothermal material for solar steam generation is possible. Due to the merits of low cost, scalability, environmental friendliness, B-PTA has the potential for real-world water purification. Graphical abstract
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BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
·
2010
·Vol. 86
·期 1
·38-42
·
IF 0.992
Yang Zhong-Zhi,Li Yong-Fang,Li Zhi-Chun,Gu Yu-Mei,Zhu Ya,Zhang Zhan-Jun
Five higher Chlorinated Benzenes (CBs), include Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB) and three isomers of tetrachlorobenzens, were analyzed in 20 outdoor dust samples collected from a fast developing city, Xinxiang. Only HCB was detected in all outdoor dust samples. The dominate part of the CBs residue in most samples was HCB and the mean HCB concentration (4.13 ng/g dry weight) in this study was in the range of global background soil HCB levels (ranging from 0.010 to 5.20 ng/g dry weight). The higher ratios of HCB/PeCB in the outdoor dust samples in the present study indicate that pesticide application may be an important source of HCB in China.
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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
·
2017
·Vol. 12
·期 2
·1-10
·
IF 1.716
Jiang Wenchao,Tang Ping,Lu Shuguang,Zhang Xiang,Qiu Zhaofu,Sui Qian
The performance of sodium percarbonate (SPC) activated with ferrous ion (Fe(II)) with the addition of formic acid (FA) to stimulate the degradation of carbon tetrachloride (CT) was investigated. Results showed that CTcould be entirely reduced within 15 min in the system at a variety of SPC/Fe(II)/FA/CT molar ratios in experimental level. Scavenging tests indicated that carbon dioxide radical anion (CO 2 ∙ – ) was the dominant reactive oxygen species responsible for CT degradation. CT degradation rate, to a large extent, increased with increasing dosages of chemical agents and the optimal molar ratio of SPC/Fe(II)/FA/CT was set as 60/60/60/1. The initial concentration of CT can hardly affect the CT removal, while CT degradation was favorable in the pH range of 3.0–9.0, but apparently inhibited at pH 12. Cl – and HCO
- 3
of high concentration showed negative impact on CT removal. Cl – released from CTwas detected and the results confirmed nearly complete mineralization of CT. CT degradation was proposed by reductive C-Cl bond splitting. This study demonstrated that SPC activated with Fe(II) with the addition of FA may be promising technique for CT remediation in contaminated groundwater.
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BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 103
·期 1
·199-205
·
IF 1.65
Zhang Wanying,Huang Yingnan,Gong Hua,Dang Fei,Zhou Dongmei
Metal dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) are produced in ever-increasing amounts and widely used in industrial, medical and consumer products. They may pose potential risks to the environment. In this study we quantitatively evaluated the phytoavailability of CeO 2 NPs, ZrO 2 NPs and SiO 2 NPs to wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Metal dioxide NPs showed distinct differences in uptake, with uptake rate constants of 90.2 ± 9.9, 12.2 ± 2.5, 0.4 ± 0.02 and 0.9 ± 0.1 L kg −1 h −1 for ZrO 2 NPs, CeO 2 NPs, SiO 2 NPs (13 nm) and SiO 2 NPs (25 nm), respectively. However, such difference cannot be generalized by single factor of NP characteristics and/or root damage. This study provides fundamental information for NP uptake by crop plants.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2019
·Vol. 186
·期 3
·1-9
·
IF 5.479
Fan Yu-Han,Mou Xiao-Xuan,Qin Shi-Bin,Li Xiao-Shui,Qi Shi-Hua
A new application of MOFs as adsorbents in the cleanup procedure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils was explored. Four MOFs, specifically MIL-101(Cr), MIL-125(Ti), MIL-100(Fe) and UiO-66(Zr), were synthesized and characterized. A screening study was carried out to select the best adsorbent for the purification of sixteen PAHs in complex soil extract. It is found that the nature of metal ion, pore size, surface area and surface charge affect the purification efficiencies of the various MOFs. MIL-101(Cr) was then selected because of its best purification efficiency. The effects of amount of adsorbent, cleanup solvent and cleanup time on cleanup efficiency were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the matrix effect of the target analytes was reduced by more than 65%. The method was then combined with ultrasonic extraction and quantitation by gas chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometric detection. The method allows for the determination of PAHs in soils with linear in the range of 5–5000 ng g −1 and with LODs between 50 and 420 pg g −1 . The method was applied to the analysis of (spiked) soil samples, and results compared well with the established EPA method.
Schematic presentation of metal organic frameworks (MOF) as cleanup adsorbents for purifying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil organic matter (SOM) and further determined by gas chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS/MS).
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