Microsystems & Nanoengineering
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2023
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 7.9
Huang Biao,Ge Xinjin,Rubinstein Boris Y.,Chen Xianchun,Wang Lu,Xie Huiying,Leshansky Alexander M.,Li Zhenzhen
Micron- and submicron-sized droplets have extensive applications in biomedical diagnosis and drug delivery. Moreover, accurate high-throughput analysis requires a uniform droplet size distribution and high production rates. Although the previously reported microfluidic coflow step-emulsification method can be used to generate highly monodispersed droplets, the droplet diameter ( d ) is constrained by the microchannel height ( b ), \(d\gtrsim 3b\) , while the production rate is limited by the maximum capillary number of the step-emulsification regime, impeding emulsification of highly viscous liquids. In this paper, we report a novel, gas-assisted coflow step-emulsification method, where air serves as the innermost phase of a precursor hollow-core air/oil/water emulsion. Air gradually diffuses out, producing oil droplets. The size of the hollow-core droplets and the ultrathin oil layer thickness both follow the scaling laws of triphasic step-emulsification. The minimal droplet size attains \(d\approx 1.7b\) , inaccessible in standard all-liquid biphasic step-emulsification. The production rate per single channel is an order-of-magnitude higher than that in the standard all-liquid biphasic step-emulsification and is also superior to alternative emulsification methods. Due to low gas viscosity, the method can also be used to generate micron- and submicron-sized droplets of high-viscosity fluids, while the inert nature of the auxiliary gas offers high versatility.
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Nature Communications
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 16.6
Li Bo,Cai Chuanyang,Liu Yang,Wang Fang,Yang Bin,Li Qikai,Zhang Pengxiang,Deng Biao,Hou Pengfei,Liu Weishu
Ferroelectric polymers have great potential applications in mechanical/thermal sensing, but their sensitivity and detection limit are still not outstanding. We propose interface engineering to improve the charge collection in a ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) copolymer (P(VDF-TrFE)) thin film via cross-linking with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) layer. The as-fabricated P(VDF-TrFE)/PEDOT:PSS composite film exhibits an ultrasensitive and linear mechanical/thermal response, showing sensitivities of 2.2 V kPa −1 in the pressure range of 0.025–100 kPa and 6.4 V K −1 in the temperature change range of 0.05–10 K. A corresponding piezoelectric coefficient of −86 pC N −1 and a pyroelectric coefficient of 95 μC m −2 K −1 are achieved because more charge is collected by the network interconnection interface between PEDOT:PSS and P(VDF-TrFE), related to the increase in the dielectric properties. Our work shines a light on a device-level technique route for boosting the sensitivity of ferroelectric polymer sensors through electrode interface engineering.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
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2023
·Vol. 190
·期 7
·1-11
·
IF 5.7
Li Yuchen,Xu Guangfu,Chen Jiaquan,Yu Tao,Miao Pandeng,Du Yingxiang
A novel chiral molecularly imprinted polymer TiO 2 nanoparticle was synthesized in one step for the enantioseparation of phenylalanine in coated capillary electrochromatography. To the author’s knowledge, the chiral molecularly imprinted nanomaterials have still not been reported, to date. Chiral molecularly imprinted TiO 2 nanomaterials (L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO 2 ) were used as a chiral stationary phase to separate the phenylalanine enantiomers in coated capillary electrochromatography (CEC). The imprinted coating was prepared from L-phenylalanine (L-PHE) as the template, TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) as the support substrate, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as the functional monomer, and tetraethyl silicate (TEOS) as the cross-linker. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used for the characterization of the L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO 2 @capillary. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed for the characterization of the L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO 2 . The effects of the applied voltage, pH value, buffer concentration, and acetonitrile content were investigated experimentally to determine the optimum conditions for CEC. The best resolution for phenylalanine enantiomers by CEC reached a value of 3.48. In addition, the specific recognition effect of L-PHE@MIP(APTES-TEOS)@TiO 2 on PHE enantiomers was studied by selective experiment. Finally, adsorption kinetic research, adsorption equilibrium isotherm study, and adsorption thermodynamic experiment were carried out to investigate the separation mechanism of PHE enantiomers with the L-PHE@MIP (APTES-TEOS)@TiO 2 @capillary, and the results were consistent with those of CEC experiments. Graphical Abstract
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2023
·
IF 4.3
Zhang Yiwei,Lin Yiwei,Hong Xianzhe,Di Chao,Xin Yuelai,Wang Xinru,Qi Shuhong,Liu Bi-Feng,Zhang Zhihong,Du Wei
Droplet microfluidics is a rapidly advancing area of microfluidic technology, which offers numerous advantages for cell analysis, such as isolation and accumulation of signals, by confining cells within droplets. However, controlling cell numbers in droplets is challenging due to the uncertainty of random encapsulation which result in many empty droplets. Therefore, more precise control techniques are needed to achieve efficient encapsulation of cells within droplets. Here, an innovative microfluidic droplet manipulation platform had been developed, which employed positive pressure as a stable and controllable driving force for manipulating fluid within chips. The air cylinder, electro-pneumatics proportional valve, and the microfluidic chip were connected through a capillary, which enabled the formation of a fluid wall by creating a difference in hydrodynamic resistance between two fluid streams at the channel junction. Lowering the pressure of the driving oil phase eliminates hydrodynamic resistance and breaks the fluid wall. Regulating the duration of the fluid wall breakage controls the volume of the introduced fluid. Several important droplet microfluidic manipulations were demonstrated on this microfluidic platform, such as sorting of cells/droplets, sorting of droplets co-encapsulated cells and hydrogels, and active generation of droplets encapsulated with cells in a responsive manner. The simple, on-demand microfluidic platform was featured with high stability, good controllability, and compatibility with other droplet microfluidic technologies. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2023
·Vol. 34
·期 19
·1-13
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IF 2.8
Hu Lifang,Yang Kun,Liu Xijing,Zhu Jichao,He Jie,Chen Xiaoyang
Semiconductor photocatalysis is a green and environmentally friendly antibiotic wastewater treatment technology without secondary pollution. In this paper, a series of montmorillonite (MMT) samples loaded with Cu, Mn, and Ni were prepared by impregnation method. The structure and spectral response of the as-prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and photocurrent response test. The photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) was carried out under simulated solar irradiation, and the photocatalytic properties of MMT samples with different loads were investigated. The characterization results show that Cu and Mn have strong interaction with MMT, and composite photocatalyst Cu 10 Mn 10 -MMT has the smallest Nyquist arc and higher photocurrent intensity. Degradation experiments on TCH showed that Cu 10 Mn 10 -MMT had the best photocatalytic degradation, with a degradation rate of 79.78%, three times that of the original MMT. Active substances capture experiments showed that h + and O 2 . − were the main active substances for the degradation of TCH by Cu 10 Mn 10 -MMT. After the combination of Cu, Mn, and MMT, the band structure changed, resulting in more h + and O 2 .− involved in the redox reaction, thereby improving the photocatalytic degradation performance of TCH. In this work, a promising photocatalyst is used to efficiently and greenly degrade antibiotic wastewater.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2023
·Vol. 34
·期 18
·1-12
·
IF 2.8
Yao Yao,Liao Gangli,Cui Huina,Dong Wenbin,Zhao Zhen
A novel monodispersed In 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 core–shell nanocomposites (CSNCs) are prepared via a simple sonochemical synthesis route in this work. It is found that the encapsulation of In 2 O 3 nanoparticles into ZIF-8 shell can greatly extend the light response of CSNCs into visible light region. Benefiting from the large surface area, porous nanostructure and synergistic effect between In 2 O 3 and ZIF-8, the In 2 O 3 @ZIF-8–175 CSNC exhibits selectivity and ultra-high photocatalytic activity for organic dye acid fuchsin removal. This work not only provides a general synthesis route for fabrication of such unique and monodispersed core–shell heterostructures but also paves a new way for high performance photocatalyst for other hazardous ions selective removal in practical application.
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Nature Sustainability
·
2023
·Vol. 6
·期 11
·1465-1473
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IF 27.6
Miao Yanfeng,Ren Meng,Chen Yuetian,Wang Haifei,Chen Haoran,Liu Xiaomin,Wang Tianfu,Zhao Yixin
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology for the future energy supply owing to their high efficiency, favourable solution processability and low cost. To accelerate their market entry, however, sustainability challenges remain to be cleared, particularly due to the heavy use of volatile and toxic organic solvents such as the mixture of N,N -dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which becomes even more problematic in mass production. Here we report eco-friendly biomass-derived green solvents with γ-valerolactone (GVL) and n -butyl acetate that allow for solution-based fabrication of high-quality FAPbI 3 (FA, formamidinium) perovskite. Remarkably, the FAPbI 3 perovskite ink remains stable for up to one year as a result of the high-valence [PbI x ] 2− x complexes and the strong interaction between GVL and FA + , which overcomes the otherwise instability of FA + cations when DMF and DMSO are used. Equally important, upon further defect passivation engineering, our solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency as high as 25.09%. Scaling up this green solvent method yields a mini-module with an aperture area of 12.25 cm 2 that reaches a certified efficiency up to 20.23%, suggesting that our work has opened a sustainable pathway towards the practical application of this renewable energy technology.
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Cell Discovery
·
2023
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-23
·
IF 33.5
Yin Jie,Zhao Ziming,Huang Jianzheng,Xiao Yang,Rehmutulla Mewlude,Zhang Biqiong,Zhang Zijun,Xiang Ming,Tong Qingyi,Zhang Yonghui
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe life-threatening disease associated with the disorder of the gut-liver axis. However, the cellular characteristics of ALF in the gut and related therapeutic targets remain unexplored. Here, we utilized the D-GALN/LPS (D/L)-induced ALF model to characterize 33,216 single-cell transcriptomes and define a mouse ALF intestinal cellular atlas. We found that unique, previously uncharacterized intestinal immune cells, including T cells, B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, are responsive to ALF, and we identified the transcriptional profiles of these subsets during ALF. We also delineated the heterogeneity of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and found that ALF-induced cell cycle arrest in intestinal stem cells and activated specific enterocyte and goblet cell clusters. Notably, the most significantly altered IECs, including enterocytes, intestinal stem cells and goblet cells, had similar activation patterns closely associated with inflammation from intestinal immune activation. Furthermore, our results unveiled a common Ep300 -dependent transcriptional program that coordinates IEC activation during ALF, which was confirmed to be universal in different ALF models. Pharmacological inhibition of Ep300 with an inhibitor (SGC-CBP30) inhibited this cell-specific program, confirming that Ep300 is an effective target for alleviating ALF. Mechanistically, Ep300 inhibition restrained inflammation and oxidative stress in the dysregulated cluster of IECs through the P38-JNK pathway and corrected intestinal ecology by regulating intestinal microbial composition and metabolism, thereby protecting IECs and attenuating ALF. These findings confirm that Ep300 is a novel therapeutic target in ALF and pave the way for future pathophysiological studies on ALF.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
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2023
·Vol. 21
·期 1
·1-17
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IF 10.2
Yang Yuxuan,Yang Jia,Zhu Nan,Qiu Haosen,Feng Wenxiang,Chen Ying,Chen Xinhua,Chen Yuehong,Zheng Wenbo,Liang Min,Lin Tian,Yu Jiang,Guo Zhaoze
In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for treating solid tumors, although its efficacy remains limited to a subset of patients. Transforming non-responsive “cold” tumor types into immuno-responsive “hot” ones is critical to enhance the efficacy of immune-based cancer treatments. Pyroptosis, a programmed cell death mechanism, not only effectively eliminates tumor cells but also triggers a potent inflammatory response to initiate anti-tumor immune activities. This sheds light on the potential of pyroptosis to sensitize tumors to immune therapy. Hence, it is urgent to explore and develop novel treatments (e.g., nanomedicines) which are capable of inducing pyroptosis. In this study, we constructed tumor-targeting nanoparticles (CS-HAP@ATO NPs) by loading atorvastatin (ATO) onto chondroitin sulfate (CS) modified hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles (CS-HAP). CS was strategically employed to target tumor cells, while HAP exhibited the capacity to release calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) in response to the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, ATO disrupted the mitochondrial function, leading to intracellular energy depletion and consequential changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability, followed by the influx of Ca 2+ into the cytoplasm and mitochondria. CS and HAP synergetically augmented mitochondrial calcium overload, inciting the production of substantial amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent liberation of oxidized mitochondrial DNA (OX-mitoDNA). This intricate activation process promoted the assembly of inflammasomes, most notably the NLRP3 inflammasome, followed by triggering caspase-1 activation. The activated caspase-1 was able to induce gasderminD (GSDMD) protein cleavage and present the GSDM-N domain, which interacted with phospholipids in the cell membrane. Then, the cell membrane permeability was raised, cellular swelling was observed, and abundant cell contents and inflammatory mediators were released. Ultimately, this orchestrated sequence of events served to enhance the anti-tumor immunoresponse within the organism.
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
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2023
·
IF 4
Xu Yanran,Niu Yanfei,Wu Chunhua,Yan Jia,Rao Xiaoping,Shi Zhengjun,Xu Kaimeng,Algadi Hassan,Guo Zhanhu
In the paper, five quaternary ammonium salts derived from rosin were synthesized, characterized and their antifungal activities against different molds were studied. Choline quaternary ammonium salt and tetramethylammonium hydroxide were synthesized from dehydroabietic acid and the rosin ethanolamine ester quaternary ammonium salts which are new compounds were synthesized from propylene pimaric acid. Their structures were confirmed by FTIR, 1 HNMR, 13 CNMR, and high resolution mass spectrometry. The antifungal activities of the synthesized quaternary ammonium salts from rosin acid were tested by Oxford cup method, and their minimum inhibitory concentration was determined. The results show that quaternary ammonium salts derived from rosin acid have inhibitory effects on bamboo slices to some extent. Among them, propylene pimaric acid ethanolamine ester quaternary ammonium salts (A 1 and A 2 ) showed obvious antifungal activity in the Oxford cup test. The Oxford cup activity test and anti-mildew effect of quaternary ammonium salts (B 1 and B 2 ) synthesized from rosin acid are significant, and there are almost no mould growth on bamboo slices. It can be inferred that A 1 , A 2 , B 1 and B 2 are expected to be used as bamboo mildew inhibitors. Graphical abstract Five quaternary ammonium salts derived from rosin were synthesized and characterized; and their antifungal activities against different molds were studied.
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Science China-Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 66
·期 10
·4062-4070
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IF 8.1
Zeng Lingjun,Liu Bo,Gao Guanghui
Conductive hydrogels as wearable sensors meet the basic requirements of mechanical flexibility and intelligent sensing. However, they are often hampered by problems such as the incompatibility between favorable mechanical properties and high conductivity, inferior antimicrobial ability and difficulty in recycling. Herein, highly conductive and physically cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan-phytic acid (PVA/CS-PA) hydrogels were developed by a facile freeze-thaw method. The hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between PA and matrix of CS and PVA endow hydrogels with not only moderate mechanical properties and high degree of ductility, but also meaningfully recyclable characteristics. In addition, the hydrogel exhibits superior conductivity (~0.125 S cm −1 ) and antimicrobial activity, benefiting from the ionic conductivity and antibacterial capacity of PA molecules. These exceptional properties enable the hydrogel-based wearable sensors to exhibit strain-sensitive properties (a gauge factor of 7.21 under strains of 200%–420%), which could monitor various activities of human body. More interestingly, the PVA/CS-PA sol ink could be transformed into a gel state in an ice bath, which would meet the need of flexible circuit and make wearable sensors more portable.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
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2023
·
IF 2.5
Fan Shenglong,Sun Fengyun,Huang Zubo,Hao Yingchao,Zhang Wanyu,Zhang Yujie,Yu Hongji,Liu Jian
Enzymatic biofuel cells are regarded as a promising method to meet the increasing demand for the power source. However, low output power is still a problem to be overcome in this field. Here, we constructed a glucose oxidase/horseradish peroxidase biofuel cell and for the first time systematically explored the role of oxygen solubility and mass transport in enhancing the power output of a biofuel cell combined with finite element analysis. It was confirmed that the increase of oxygen solubility led to higher electron transfer efficiency, which increased the maximum power density from 19.40 to 24.97 μW cm −2 . Additionally, the main results show that the relative distance and position of the electrodes affect the mass transport between the cathode and anode, which in turn affects the performance of the fuel cell. Under the computed oxygen solubility of 1.919 ± 0.20 mM and the optimal structure, the biofuel cell fabricated on the carbon paper exhibited an open circuit potential of 0.41 V and maximum power density of 27.41 μW cm −2 and remained 82.4% of its original maximum power density after 20 days. This paper provides a facile and effective route for developing the output of enzymatic biofuel cells by enhancing dissolved oxygen concentration and mass transfer that would be of great significance to the structural design of enzymatic biofuel cell devices.
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