MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 4.2
Fang Wu,Yaqiong Liu,Ming Zhang,Xinlei Yuan,Yutong Jin,Yixuan Li,Ran Wang,Yanling Hao,Bing Fang
1,3-Dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol (OPO) is a specific triglyceride in human breast milk, and it has been added to infant formula to mimic human breast milk fat. Existing studies only focused on its effects on fatty acid and calcium absorption, as well as the intestinal microbial composition; however, effects of OPO on the early-life development of intestine were still unclear. Our study explored the effects of OPO on intestinal epithelial structure and barrier construction in neonatal mice and the involvement of intestinal microorganisms. OPO supplementation significantly increased the number of intestinal stem cells, which in turn promoted villus and crypt, and promoted goblet cell and Paneth cell differentiation. OPO also promotes epithelial barrier integrity by increasing the expression of mucin 2, lysozyme 1, and tight junction proteins. Furthermore, the benefits of OPO were associated with the higher abundance of beneficial bacteria ( unclassified_f_Muribaculaceae , Akkermansia , Bifidobacterium , and Blautia ) and elevated butyrate levels. This study demonstrates the efficacy of OPO on intestinal health in neonatal mice beyond defecation, expands the understanding of the biological functions of OPO, and expands its application in intestinal health products targeting special populations, such as the elderly or individuals with intestinal fragility or injury.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2024
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IF 7
Fang Wu,Yaqiong Liu,Ming Zhang,Xinlei Yuan,Tengteng Ji,Yutong Jin,Yixuan Li,Ran Wang,Yanling Hao,Bing Fang
Recent studies have shown that 1-oleo-2-palmito-3-linoleyl glycerol (OPL) is the most abundant triacylglycerol in human breast milk in China. Epidemiologic studies have shown that sn -2 palmitate improves the absorption of fatty acids and calcium in infants. However, there have been few studies of the specific mechanism by which OPL affects intestinal function. In the present study, we have characterized the effects of various levels of OPL supplementation on the development of the intestinal epithelium and the intestinal microbiota of neonatal mice. OPL supplementation increased the body masses and intestinal lengths of weaned mice and promoted defecation. These positive effects were related to the effect of OPL to promote the development of intestinal villi and crypts. OPL increased the expression of the intestinal stem cell markers Olfm4 and Sox9 in the jejunum and ileum, which promoted their differentiation into goblet cells and Paneth cells. It also promoted the integrity of the epithelial barrier by increasing the secretion of mucin 2 and lysozyme 1 and the expression of the tight junction proteins occludin, ZO1, claudin 2, and claudin 3. More importantly, we found that low dose-OPL promotes the transformation of the intestinal microbiota of neonatal mice to the mature state in 3-month-old mice, increases the proportion of Firmicutes, and reduces the proportion of Bacteroidota. The proportions of anaerobic genera of bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lachnoclostridium, Ligilactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium were higher, as were the key producers of short-chain fatty acids, such as Bacteroides and Blautia . OPL also increased the butyric acid content of the feces, which significantly correlated with the abundance of Lactobacillus . High-dose OPL tended to be more effective at promoting defecation and the development of the villi and crypts, but these effects did not significantly differ from those achieved using the lower dose. A low dose of OPL was more effective at increasing the butyric acid content and causing the maturation of microbes. In summary, the OPL supplementation of newborn mice promotes the establishment of the intestinal epithelial layer structure and barrier function, and also promotes the transformation of the intestinal microbiota to a mature state. This study lays a theoretical foundation for the inclusion of OPL in infant formula and provides a scientific basis for the development of intestinal health products.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Haocheng Li,Yuanyuan Li,Lin Liu,Xiangbo Ren,Chunlong Yuan,Junjun Li
This study evaluated the impact of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch glucomannan with different degrees of acetyl group substitution (DS) on the prebiotic properties of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP). UV spectra, CIELab, and dynamic light scattering analyses indicated DS-influenced variable interactions between GSP and glucomannan. In vitro fermentation demonstrated that glucomannan enhanced the solubility of some phenolic compounds, and decreased the pH value of fermentation liquids. The production of acetate acid and total short chain fatty acids in the GSP fermentation liquid increased with the degree of DS of glucomannan. Notably, acetylated glucomannan exerted dramatic effects on GSP-induced gut microbiota modulation. The relative abundances of Bacteroides ovatus and Bacteroides decreased as DS increased. Meanwhile, Bacteroides acidifaciens and Akkermansia muciniphila have a positive correlation, even though the GSP-promoted enrichment of A. muciniphila was inhibited by the added glucomannan. Moreover, glucomannan enhanced the metabolism of nucleotides, secondary bile acid, and glycan inhibited by GSP. These findings suggest that acetylated glucomannan affect the prebiotic properties of GSP with its DS serving as a key factor.
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FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 4.1
Nanhai Xiao,Xiuzhen Zhou,Yi Zhang,Tao Liu,Yiwei Jiang,Sami Ullah,Jing Wang,Fengqin Feng,Minjie Zhao
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of antibacterial peptides from Brevibacillus texasporus (BT) on the growth performance, meat quality and gut health of cultured largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ). Largemouth bass (36.17 ± 1.52 g) were divided into 2 groups and each group was fed with diets supplemented with or without 200 ppm of BT peptides for 130 days. The results showed that BT peptides had no significant influences on growth performance and body indexes, but significantly enhanced total antioxidant capacity and lysozyme content in the serum. Moreover, digestive enzymes activities and intestinal villous height were also prominently increased. From meat quality aspect, no significant differences were found in nutritional components, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition and texture property, except the values of hardness, gumminess and γ-linolenic acid (C18:3n6) were remarkably increased after BT peptides intervention. Finally, the results of gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids revealed that BT peptides significantly decreased the relative abundances of harmful bacteria such as genus Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas , and increased the production of short chain fatty acids. In conclusion, this study confirmed that BT peptides could be used to improve the health of largemouth bass, which provided novel insights into the application of antimicrobial peptides in aquacultures.
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CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
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2024
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IF 3.2
Ronghua Peng,Xueyou Qin,Jiawei Lin,Lingyu Wang,Songgu Wu,Junbo Gong
We designed a solvent mixture composed of carboxylic acid solvents and water as the crystallization medium for the selective preparation of three distinct γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) conformational polymorphs (Form-I, Form-II, and the newly discovered Form-IV). By adjusting the carbon chain length and content of carboxylic acid solvents, we were able to finely tune the solvation environment, leading to the formation of the desired polymorphs. Crash-cooling crystallization experiments demonstrated that with the carbon chain length (C1–C6) and content (0–30%) of carboxylic acid increasing, the polymorphic outcomes gradually change from Form-I to Form-II and ultimately to Form-IV. Interestingly, four different conformations were observed within these three polymorphs. DFT calculation indicated that the stability order of these conformations is conformer-IVβ > conformer-IVα > conformer-II > conformer-I. Based on solution FTIR analysis and solvation free energy calculation, the solvation effect on GABA molecules diminishes with an increasing carbon chain length and content of carboxylic acid solvents. A lower solvation effect makes the desolvation process of GABA molecules much easier so that GABA molecules can undergo sufficient conformational rearrangement during the nucleation stage, thereby adopting a more stable conformation during the molecular assembly process. In this crystallization conditions, Form-IV with a more stable conformation in its crystal structure has the potential to replace Form-II and Form-I through preferential crystallization.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
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2024
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IF 4
Min Wang,Yajie Yue,Jingjing Zhang,Yifan Qin,Liyan Jia,Xu Jing
In this study, magnetic deep eutectic solvent-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the extraction and determination of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors in water, juice, wine, and vinegar . A new green magnetic deep eutectic solvent was synthesized using quaternary phosphorus salt, metal chloride, and fatty acid. The special self-dispersion magnetic deep eutectic solvent achieved rapid extraction without auxiliary dispersion and separation via neodymium magnets without centrifugation, avoiding the use of toxic disperser solvents and disperser instruments and reducing the separation time. The recovery of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors under optimal extraction conditions was 76.5–97.8 %, and the limit of detection was 0.0011–0.0029 mg L −1 . The method could be a fast, simple, green, and reliable alternative for the analysis of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors. The self-dispersion magnetic deep eutectic solvent can facilitate the development of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction methods of other pesticides in food samples.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Nan Zhang,Chao Zhang,Yu Zhang,Zhongshuai Ma,Lingfei Li,Wei Liu
This study investigated the physicochemical properties, digestive stability, and in vitro fermentation behavior of Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharide (PKP) fractions (PKP60, PKP70, PKP80) obtained through graded ethanol precipitation. High-performance gel permeation chromatography revealed significant molecular weight differences among the fractions, while reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography indicated consistent monosaccharide types with variations in their proportions. Uronic acid analysis confirmed that all polysaccharide fractions met the criteria for neutral polysaccharides. Congo red staining confirmed the presence of a triple-helix structure in all PKP fractions. Comprehensive analysis demonstrated that these fractions remained stable during in vitro digestion, as evidenced by consistent molecular weights and total carbohydrate content, with no significant production of free monosaccharides or reducing sugars. All PKP fractions were fermented by gut microbiota, resulting in the production of short-chain fatty acids. Beta diversity and structural analyses of gut microbiota revealed distinct modulatory effects associated with each PKP fraction. The PKP fractions promoted probiotic growth, especially PKP70, which significantly enhanced Bifidobacterium proliferation, indicating strong prebiotic potential. These findings underscore the importance of isolation and purification methods in determining the functionality and gut microbiota-modulating effects of plant-derived polysaccharides, emphasizing the need for in-depth research that extends beyond merely evaluating their source.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2025
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IF 12.5
Yi Zhang,Zhiqiang Xu,Zhengbiao Gu,Li Cheng,Yan Hong,Lingjin Li
Resistant starch provides beneficial metabolites through gut microbiota fermentation, and the gut microbiota is modulated by the gut redox status. However, the impact of redox status on high-amylose maize starch (HAMS) fermentation metabolism remains uncertain. Anthocyanins (AC) are dietary antioxidants that modulate the redox status. The effect of antioxidant AC on the fermentation metabolism of HAMS was examined using an in vitro fermentation system. AC lowers the system redox potential. The antioxidant AC and fermentation substrate HAMS (HAMS-AC) synergistically increased gas production and short-chain fatty acids and reduced the pH compared to the individual components. AC promotes HAMS fermentation metabolism to produce butyric acid. HAMS-AC also influences gut microbiota composition and metabolic functions. It facilitated beneficial bacteria proliferation, including Collinsella , Faecalibacterium , Agathobacter , Ruminococcus , and Megasphaera , and suppressed harmful bacteria proliferation, including Desulfovibrio , Barnesiella , Alistipes , Parabacteroides , Dorea , Colidextribacter , and Bilophila . HAMS-AC facilitates amino acid and protein synthesis and metabolism, sugar, nucleotide, energy metabolism, and transport. Overall, the antioxidant AC, by lowering the redox potential of the fermentation system, affects the gut microbiota structure and metabolic function and contributes to HAMS metabolism to produce butyric acid. This provides a novel approach for the modulation of intestinal homeostasis and organismal health.
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Food Bioscience
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2024
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IF 4.8
Xiaona Sun,Yunning Yang,Chen Song,Chunqing Ai,Jingfeng Yang,Shuang Song
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide from brown algae, has been shown to improve gut microbiota balance and function. However, the relationship between molecular weight of fucoidan and colonic fermentation characteristics is still unclear. Here, the interaction between different-molecular-weight fucoidans and intestinal microbiota was analyzed via an in vitro fecal fermentation model. Results showed that fucoidan and its 2 low-molecular-weight derivatives (Dfuc1 and Dfuc2) could be utilized by intestinal microbiota after 48 h of fermentation, and among them, Dfuc2 exhibited the highest utilization efficiency of 30.1%, followed by Dfuc1 (24.5%) and fucoidan (14.4%). Notably, the components glucose, mannose and galactose, but not fucose, in different-molecular-weight fucoidans could be utilized. Moreover, intestinal microbiota could degrade Dfuc1 and Dfuc2 to produce oligosaccharide fragments, such as fucose-hexose disaccharide. In addition, fucoidan, Dfuc1 and Dfuc2 displayed different prebiotic effects on the intestinal microbiota community. Native fucoidan preferred to promote Bacteroides and Lactococcus , and low-molecular-weight fucoidans tended to promote Parabacteroides and Lactobacillus . Furthermore, metabolites analysis showed that fucoidan, Dfuc1 and Dfuc2 had similar promoting effects on acetic acid and propionic acid, and had no effect on butyric acid. But they could regulate carbohydrate metabolic pathways and amino acid pathways to varying degrees and with decreasing molecular weight, more differential metabolites were found. Thus, Dfuc2 with a lower molecular weight has more potential to become a potential prebiotics to improve intestinal health.
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Food Bioscience
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2025
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IF 5.9
Laibing Sun,Xinyan Bai,Yanna Hu,Lingyu Li,Xiaoming Lu,Xuguang Qiao
In this study, we comparatively investigated the immunomodulatory effects of garlic oligosaccharides (GPs) of different molecular weights (GPs-U2, GPs-U1 and GPs-U0.3) on RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro and cyclophosphamide (CY)-induced immunosuppressed mice model (C57BL/6 male mice) in vivo. All three GPs displayed high immunomodulatory effects in enhancing cell viability and promoting the secretion of cytokines ( i.e. tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), interleukin (IL)-1 β and IL-10) in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro , especially GPs-U2 exhibited the highest immune activity. Furthermore, GPs-U2 showed good immune effects in CY-induced immunosuppressed mouse model in vivo by regulating cytokine secretion, antioxidant levels, goblet cells numbers, expression of tight junction proteins (TJs) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content. In addition, GPs-U2 maintained mucosal immunity by increasing the abundance of Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota and decreasing the abundance of Firmicutes . These findings support the immune-enhancing effects of GPs-U2 in vitro and in vivo , and provide a scientific basis for the rational use of GPs to alleviate immunosuppression and related diseases.
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CATALYSIS LETTERS
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2024
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IF 2.3
Shao Yulin,Xie Ping,Han Yuning,Zhong Tianhao,Li Tao,Yu Yingmin,Zhao Qingshan,Li Zhongtao
In response to the problem that the conventional concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst for esterification reactions are prone to corrosion and generate large amounts of acid-containing wastewater, highly efficient gel resin-loaded ionic liquid solid acid (SA-ILs) catalysts were prepared by a one-pot method of loading ionic liquids onto gel resins. It is shown that the gel resin carrier has a strong water-absorbing structure, and the ionic liquids are covalently loaded on the gel resin carrier through chemical bonding, leading to SA-ILs catalysts with excellent acidity and good structural stability. With an optimal ionic liquid loading of 11% and acid density of 3.25 mmol·g −1 ,the synthesized SA-ILs catalysts showed good catalytic performance in the transesterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol at 80 °C for 1.5 h. The catalyst dosage was 10 wt% of the total mass of acetic acid and ethanol, and the ethanol to acetic acid addition was at a molar ratio of 1.5:1. Ethyl acetate yields of up to 81% were achieved after the reaction. The catalyst also showed slightly decrease of the catalytic performance after reused for five cycles. The lower activation energy of the catalyst is proved to be the key to facilitate the catalytic transesterification reaction. Graphical Abstract
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Frontiers in Microbiology
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2024
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IF 4
Huang Hua,Wang Yongtong,Ding Xufeng,Gu JIng,Li Fang,JInag Jie,Ji Lijiang
Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disease that seriously affects human physical and mental health. Studies have reported that hemp seeds can improve constipation, however the specific mechanism is still unclear. This study investigates that hemp seed (HS) and its waterethanol extract (HSE) attenuates loperamide-induced constipation in mice. The research resultsshow that: the fecal water content and small intestinal transit rate of mice in the hemp seed group and hemp seed hydroalcoholic extract group were significantly increased compared with MC group, and the first red feces defecation time was significantly shortened; HS and HSE significantly influence serum levels of Gastrin (Gas), motilin (MTL), substance P (SP), and endothelin (ET), potentially mediating their effects on gastrointestinal motility. HS and HSE can improve colon inflammation in constipated mice with H&E staining. Compared with the model of constipation group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in the HS group and HSE group increased significantly.Gut microbiome studies have shown that the structure and abundance of intestinal flora are altered.HS and HSE changed the abundance of Odoribacter, Bacteroide, Lactobacillus and Prevotella.Together, these results suggest that HS have the potential to stimulate the proliferation of beneficial gut microbes and promote intestinal motility, thereby improving gut health and relieving symptoms of constipation.
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