Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Jianglin Tu,Hang Zhao,Zhefei Pan,Liang An,Xun Zhu,Rong Chen,Qiang Liao
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction is promising for sustainable ammonia production, but is hindered by a high protonation energy barrier and severe competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction. Although PdBi single-atom alloy has been demonstrated to be an efficient electrocatalyst for electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia, the underlying mechanism of the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction over this type of catalyst remains unclear. Herein, a PdBi single-atom alloy is prepared by anchoring Bi single atoms onto thin Pd nanosheets and applied for the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction. The induced electronic coupling between Bi and Pd atoms optimizes charge distribution, thereby enhancing N 2 adsorption-activation and decreasing the free-energy barrier of the rate-determining step of *N 2 → *NNH from 0.71 to 0.61 eV. The optimized PdBi 10 single-atom alloy exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction, delivering an ammonia yield of 46.9 µg h −1 mg −1 with a Faradaic efficiency of 13.3% at −0.2 V (vs. RHE), along with excellent long-term stability. This work provides mechanistic insights and design principles of engineering single-atom alloy electrocatalysts for efficient and durable electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction to ammonia.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
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2026
·
IF 5.9
Rui Dong,Peng Chen,Qingyi Zhang,Jiajun Zeng,Fuming Du,Haibing Wang
Hierarchical NiCo 2 O 4 /carbon nanosheets composites were constructed through a template-assisted hydrothermal-calcination strategy. • The carbon nanosheets network improves the charge transfer behavior and enhances the intrinsic active site. • The optimized NiCo 2 O 4 /CNs-2 electrode delivers 285 mV at 10 mA cm −2 with a Tafel slope of 58.2 mV dec −1 for alkaline OER. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) poses a key kinetic bottleneck for electrochemical water splitting due to its sluggish four-electron transfer kinetics. Spinel NiCo 2 O 4 is a promising non-precious candidate, while its practical application is constrained by poor electrical conductivity, limited stability and insufficient intrinsic activity. Herein, we report a hierarchical composite (NiCo 2 O 4 /CNs), in which NiCo 2 O 4 nanosheets are uniformly anchored onto three-dimensional carbon nanosheets network via a template-assisted hydrothermal strategy. The introduction of CNs simultaneously enables asymmetric Ni 2+ /Ni 3+ and Co 2+ /Co 3+ valence ratio via strong interfacial coupling and ensures rapid electron transfer via the interconnected conductive network. As a result, the optimized NiCo 2 O 4 /CNs-2 composite exhibits enhanced OER performance in alkaline media, with an overpotential of only 285 mV to achieve 10 mA cm −2 and a Tafel slope of 58.2 mV dec −1 . pH-dependence analysis reveals a higher proton reaction order (0.894) than pristine NiCo 2 O 4 (0.641), suggesting an enhanced lattice oxygen involved contribution, which is corroborated by post-OER XPS, Raman, and XRD analyses confirming LOM-triggered surface reconstruction into Ni x Co 1-x (OH) 2 active phase. This work highlights a novel 2D/3D composite strategy that regulates the Charge-transfer behavior of metal oxides through morphological modulation of carbon supports, offering a promising route toward high-performance, durable non-precious metal electrocatalysts for practical water splitting applications.
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高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2026
·
IF 14.1
Runmiao Gao,Xuan Zhang,Mengjie Song,Ronggui Yang,Keke Shao,Jun Shen,Long Zhang,Shuhuai Yao,Yubing Guo,Ruzhu Wang,Christopher Yu Hang Chao
Droplet-based 3D printing can fabricate complex structures, but quantitative regulation over droplet solidification and the mechanical performance of printed components remains essential for its load-bearing and multi-functional applications. Leveraging the intrinsic transparency of ice, we innovatively propose a nanoparticle-mediated strategy to suppress trapped air bubbles during water droplet solidification and thereby reinforce the mechanical performance of printed components. We develop a unified influencing factor to integrate the effects of nanoparticle concentration, diameter, and type on droplet nucleation and freezing characteristics. We uncover that the addition of nanoparticles raises nucleation temperature, refines ice dendrites, reduces freezing rate, and ultimately diminishes trapped air bubbles. These effects enable mechanical reinforcement of components and quantitative regulation of their compressive strength. The bubble volume fraction is reduced by ∼35% while the compressive strength is increased by up to 39%, exceeding the reported average values by more than two times. The low-cost strategy requires no external physical fields and introduces negligible changes to the hydrodynamic properties of raw printing materials. These findings elucidate the physical mechanisms governing nanoparticle-mediated bubble suppression during droplet solidification and further provide a viable pathway for the controllable fabrication of high-performance composite printing materials.
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高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Yunxu Yang,Xiaoxi Huang,Yong Shen Chua,Hooi Ling Lee
Fe–SnO 2 @NiO–NF removed 96.85% CIP within 150 min under solar light. • S-scheme heterojunction promotes charge separation and photocatalytic activity. • 3D NiO–NF support enables easy recovery and abundant active sites. • Over 94% degradation activity was retained after four cycles. • DFT and HPLC–MS reveal charge transfer and CIP degradation pathways. Photocatalysis is effective for antibiotic degradation but limited by poor charge separation and difficult recovery of powder catalysts. In this work, a macroscopic p–n heterojunction photocatalyst (Fe–SnO 2 @NiO–NF) was prepared on pre-oxidized nickel foam through in situ growth and microwave-assisted synthesis. XRD confirmed the coexistence of SnO 2 and NiO phases, while HRTEM and XPS analyses verified the successful construction of the Fe–SnO 2 /NiO heterojunction with intimate interfacial contact and interfacial electronic interaction. UV–vis DRS, PL, TRPL, EIS, and photoelectrochemical measurements demonstrated markedly improved light absorption, charge separation and transfer behavior, with a narrowed band gap of 2.92 eV and a prolonged average carrier lifetime of 1.2226 ns. Owing to the enhanced charge separation and the conductive 3D NiO–NF framework, Fe–SnO 2 @NiO–NF exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activity for ciprofloxacin degradation under solar irradiation, reaching 96.85% removal within 150 min, while the immobilized catalyst could be readily separated from the aqueous solution. ESR and scavenging test identified •O 2 – and h + as the main reactive species, with •O 2 – playing the dominant role, while HPLC–MS revealed the degradation intermediates and pathways. Band structure analysis and DFT calculations demonstrated that the p–n heterojunction follows an S-scheme charge transfer mechanism, promoting efficient charge separation while preserving strong redox capability. The composite retained over 94% of its initial activity after four cycles, showing excellent stability and recyclability. This study provides a practical way to develop efficient and reusable photocatalysts for antibiotic wastewater treatment. Download: Download high-res image (182KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 15
·2722
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IF 6
Wei Cheng,Na Li,Qingyun Zhu,Gengdian Liu,Xiaoyun Hao,Chao Jiang,Lele Zhang,Xianfeng Du
Huangshui (HS), fermented grains (FG), and pit mud (PM) are closely connected during the fermentation of Nongxiangxing baijiu (NXB); however, the contribution of HS to the differences in flavor profiles across PM, FG, and distilled baijiu has not been fully elucidated. Herein, instrumental techniques of electronic nose (E-nose), headspace gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were used to compare the volatile profiles of HS, FG, PM, and two quality grades of NXB. E-nose analysis revealed that PM exhibited stronger signals related to sulfur-containing, organic, and terpene-associated compounds. Gas chromatography indicated that special-grade baijiu had a more favorable ethyl caproate/ethyl lactate ratio than superior-grade baijiu. Furthermore, HS-GC-IMS revealed different volatile profiles of the samples. Up to 183 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified via HS-SPME-GC-MS, with esters and acids being the dominant classes. Multivariate analysis showed close relationships among HS, FG, and PM, and 35 VOCs were identified as important discriminatory compounds. These results suggest the differences and similarities in VOCs among the HS, FG, PM, and NXB samples, indicating that HS is chemically associated with both FG and PM. This study provides useful insights into HS utilization and quality regulation of NXB through the effective management of HS.
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高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124477
·
IF 7.5
Ke Yin,Juntai Tian,Ziwei Wang,Bichun Huang
Morphology engineering is an effective strategy to regulate the catalytic performance of transition metal oxides for chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOCs) elimination, yet the morphology-dependent response to surface modification and its intrinsic mechanism remain insufficiently understood. Herein, cubic Co 3 O 4 -c and plate-like Co 3 O 4 -p with distinct surface defect densities were selected as model catalysts to systematically reveal the morphology-dependent effect on chlorobenzene (CB) oxidation, with surface phosphorylation employed as a regulated means to probe the intrinsic morphology-dependent regulation mechanism. Surface phosphorylation exhibits a significant morphology-dependent feature. It retains the intrinsic spinel structure of Co 3 O 4 and triggers surface electronic redistribution via constructed Co–O–P bonds. High-defect Co 3 O 4 -p presents favorable responsiveness to phosphorylation, which synchronously boosts acid sites, surface Co 3 + proportion and adsorbed active oxygen content. By contrast, phosphate species partially cover surface active sites of low-defect Co 3 O 4 -c, leading to activity decline. The optimized HP-Co 3 O 4 -p delivers a T 90 value of 330 ℃ toward CB combustion, 23 ℃ lower than pristine Co 3 O 4 -p, and retains 84% conversion after 10 h reaction with mitigated attenuation. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that the morphology-dependent effect originates from the difference in surface defect density. On high-defect Co 3 O 4 -p, P–OH groups supply protons to facilitate C–Cl bond activation and HCl desorption, and phosphate moieties alleviate chlorine enrichment and restrain polychlorinated byproducts. This work reveals the morphology-dependent phosphorylation mechanism of Co 3 O 4 and guides the rational design of efficient CVOCs catalysts.
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高影响因子
Environments
·
2026
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·426
·
IF 4.3
Xuekai Wang,Xiangwu Meng,Mengtian Zhang,Kai Li,Lichun Mao,Lu Zhong,Jianjun Li
Efficient removal of tetracycline (TC) from antibiotic-contaminated wastewater remains a significant challenge. In this study, a nitrogen-doped carbon modified cobalt ferrite (C@CoFe2O4, CF) composite was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, and its adsorption–catalysis dual-function performance was systematically evaluated. Structural characterization revealed that CoFe2O4nanoparticles were locally encapsulated by an N-doped carbonaceous layer, providing a high specific surface area and abundant nitrogen-containing active sites. Under optimized conditions, the CF-3/PMS system achieved 93.44% TC removal within 45 min, while CF-3 exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 486.5 mg·g−1. Radical quenching experiments suggested that singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide radicals (O2•−) played major roles in TC oxidation, while sulfate radicals (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radicals (HO•) also contributed, indicating the coexistence of radical and non-radical oxidation pathways. TC adsorption was driven by surface complexation, π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions, and hydrogen bonding. The enhanced TC removal performance may arise from the cooperative contributions of N-containing carbon sites, accessible Co/Fe-containing regions, and interfacial electronic interactions, which promote TC enrichment and PMS-mediated oxidation. This work provides a promising strategy for designing bifunctional materials for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Xiaochao Xu,Xiangxia Wu,Zhen Xiao,Zhi-Ang Zhao,Guanwei Peng,Jinni Shen,Lifang Yang,Wenxin Dai,Zizhong Zhang
The selective photooxidation of CH 4 into value-added chemical products under ambient conditions offers a viable pathway for the rational utilization of natural gas resources. However, the direct oxidation of methane to synthesize oxygenates still faces significant challenges due to insufficient chemo-selectivity in active intermediate radical formation and consecutive side reactions of primary products. Rather than introducing multiple metal species to create active sites, we show that controlled defect generation on the substrate offers an effective pathway for catalytic enhancement. Here we developed a ZnO aerogel-supported ruthenium single atom photocatalyst for selective conversion of CH 4 to CH 3 OH. Under ambient conditions, 1Ru/ZnO achieved a methanol production rate of 407 μmol g −1 h −1 with a high selectivity of 91.7%. The observed activity enhancement is principally attributable to two factors: (i) the ZnO aerogel microspheres with abundant dual-defect structures serve as an effective substrate material, offering abundant active sites to facilitate the CH 4 activation process; and (ii) monatomic Ru 4+ sites were employed as efficient active sites for methane adsorption and dehydrogenation; meanwhile the separation of redox sites was optimized to effectively suppress over-oxidation. The integration of aerogels (with abundant defect sites) and supported metal species offers a novel strategy for achieving direct CH 4 oxidation to CH 3 OH.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Liquan Xiong,Ying Wang,Di Gao,Yueqi Song,Dongsheng Chen
Hydrogen energy is the core of future clean energy, and the study of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalytic mechanisms is essential for efficient production. The development of efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts is a key challenge in achieving ideal hydrogen generation. In this study, a Ni-BDC/TpPa-1 heterojunction material was prepared for the first time, which was converted into a derived heterojunction material (NiO@Ni/N-C) after high-temperature pyrolysis treatment, exhibiting excellent electrocatalytic activity in an alkaline solution. Without iR compensation, the overpotential of HER is only 83 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm⁻². Compared with thermally decomposed Ni-BDC and TpPa-1 monomer, its electrocatalytic activity is improved by 158 and 435 mV, respectively, and it exhibits excellent stability over 100 h. The design of this novel material offers a new solution for enhancing the efficiency of transition-metal-based catalysts.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Pengfei Lu,Rongcheng Wu,Guangwen Xu,Bin Zhang
This study systematically compared tobacco extracts prepared by solvent extraction and by pyrolysis in terms of their chemical composition, thermal stability, and pyrolysis product distribution. An innovative, systematic validation framework integrating residue pyrolysis and extract re-pyrolysis was employed to directly discriminate between extraction-induced compositional effects and pyrolysis-condition effects. This framework elucidates intrinsic correlations among extraction methods, chemical composition, and thermal behavior from the perspectives of aroma diversity and phenolic suppression. The results revealed that the extraction yield increased from 7.08 % to 33.48 % with increasing solvent polarity, while pyrolysis achieved an even higher yield (36.80 %) through high-temperature pyrolytic conversion. Solvent extracts exhibited polarity-driven compositional differences, whereas pyrolysis-derived extract (Py-Ext) was enriched in characteristic aroma compounds such as furfuryl alcohol and maltol, and contained more target compounds (19 types) than solvent extracts (9–15 types). Thermal analysis revealed that the solvent extracts decomposed primarily within the 135–279 ℃ range, yielding product distributions that were highly sensitive to pyrolysis conditions. In contrast, Py-Ext exhibited volatility-dominated thermal behavior that resulted in stable product distributions across a broad operational range. Extract re-pyrolysis revealed that the compositional incompleteness of solvent extracts prevents them from achieving the aromatic richness of Py-Ext, even under identical pyrolysis conditions, while residue pyrolysis confirmed that key aroma precursors were retained in the solid phase during extraction. Meanwhile, solvent extraction markedly suppressed phenolic formation during re-pyrolysis through precursor removal at the source. Overall, the proposed validation framework establishes a causal method–composition–behavior relationship, providing a basis for the rational design of tobacco extracts for targeted applications.
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高影响因子
MEASUREMENT
·
2026
·
IF 6.1
Yang Liu,Changyuan Xu,Yuqin Zhu,Jianxin He,Quanhua Xie,Yuanyuan He,Lei Wu,Dong Lai,Fei Fu,Qiongyao He,Bowen Jing,Guoqing Zhang,Nianbing Zhong
Moss-induced biocorrosion of stone heritage is a slow yet persistent deterioration process that alters the physicochemical conditions within porous stones, leading to structural damage and loss of cultural value. To conduct in-situ decoding of the pathogenic mechanism of mosses on sandstone, we developed a fiber Bragg grating (FBG)–based multi-parameter sensing system. The sensing system integrates three types of FBGs—temperature-sensing (T-FBG), strain-sensing (S-FBG), and polyacrylic acid–polyvinyl alcohol (PAA-PVA) coated pH-sensing FBG (H-FBG). The sensitivities and resolutions of T-FBG, S-FBG and H-FBG are 9.69 pm/℃ (0.01 ℃), 1.23 pm/με (0.1 με) and 38.63 pm/pH (0.02 pH units), respectively. A decoupling model based on a 3 × 3 sensitivity matrix was established to eliminate cross-sensitivity effects. During 60 days of Funaria hygrometrica colonization, the system captured dynamic variations including a maximal pH decrease of 0.5, a temperature fluctuation of 3.2 ℃, and an internal microstrain increase of 11.3 με. Microscopic and porosity analyses further confirmed the dual biochemical–mechanical degradation caused by metabolite secretion and rhizoid penetration. This work provides quantitative insights into moss-induced biocorrosion mechanisms and indicates the feasibility of optical fiber sensing as an early-warning strategy for preventive conservation of stone relics.
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高影响因子
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 7.5
Zhilin Cao,Jinsong Feng,Zucai Zhang,Han Wang,Ruzhi Wang
Radiative cooling offers a promising energy-free thermal management approach for electronic devices. However, the practical application of conventional radiative cooling materials is limited by their low thermal conductivity, leading to heat accumulation from internal sources. In this work, a low-cost and high-thermal-conductivity radiative cooling film (HTCRCF) was developed by introducing three-dimensional (3D) co -doped fillers that consist of BN platelets and spherical Al 2 O 3 particles into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. In contrast to conventional low-thermal-conductivity materials, the 3D synergistic strategy simultaneously enhances infrared emission, sunlight reflection, and heat conduction at a low cost. The HTCRCF achieves a high solar reflectivity of 93%, an infrared emissivity of 0.95 and a thermal conductivity 2.7 times higher than that of the matrix. Outdoor tests demonstrate radiative cooling performance of 7.8 °C under direct midday sunlight and 2.4 °C at night. Moreover, HTCRCF demonstrates excellent radiative cooling performance higher than the ambient temperature, lowering substrate temperatures by a remarkable 29.7 °C under sunlight and 17.3 °C in indoor environments. This work provides a scalable solution for high-power electronic devices cooling and bridges the gap between radiative cooling efficiency and thermal management requirements in real-world applications.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）