POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 64
·期 8
·3488-3504
·
IF 3.2
Lubing Xiang,Xi Yu,Aimin Xiang,Xiaoying Lu,Meng Zhang,Hongfu Zhou
In this work, porous poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels with different pore sizes were fabricated using inorganic non-metallic porogens by an environmentally friendly method, providing a potential solution for the field of wastewater treatment. PVA hydrogels have gained much attention in the field of wastewater treatment due to their excellent adsorption performance and porous network structure. However, the employment of inorganic non-metallic salts as porogens for PVA hydrogels has received limited attention so far. In this study, porous PVA hydrogels were prepared by freeze-thawing and freeze-drying with sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) as porogens. PVA-Na exhibited denser network structure with the concentration of Na 2 SO 4 solution increased, and the tensile stress was enhanced by about 45 times. Meanwhile, the tensile stress of PVA-Ca was improved significantly from 0.06 to 1.67 MPa, and the network structure became looser after adding CaCO 3 . Moreover, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the adsorption performance of porous PVA hydrogel for Congo red (CR). Finally, five adsorption models were fitted to investigate the adsorption mechanism of porous PVA hydrogels, in which the maximum adsorption capacity of CR by PVA-Na-0.5 was predicted to be 215 mg/g by the Langmuir isothermal model fitting. Highlights The structure of PVA hydrogels was adjusted by Na 2 SO 4 and CaCO 3 , respectively. The tensile stress of PVA-Na with dense network structure increased 45 times. Compared to PVA-FD, swelling equilibrium time of PVA-Na reduced from 24 to 6 h. Equilibrium swelling rate of PVA-Ca declined by half in comparison to PVA-FD. Langmuir isothermal model predicted q max of 215 mg/g for CR by PVA-Na-0.5.
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Qiang Luo,Fei Li,Weijun Zhen,Qing Ge,Yushen Zhou,Chunmei Ma,Pengtao Sun,Jianbo Xu,Buning Chen
To improve the adsorption and reusability of polypropylene (PP) fiber membranes, the organically modified saponite (Sap@P(St-co-MMA)) was prepared by solution polymerization. Furthermore, PP-based nanocomposite fiber membranes with strong oil adsorption, thermal stability, and reusability were prepared via melt-blown technology. The increased specific surface area of PP-based nanocomposite fiber membranes (PP-1.5%) provided more active sites for the oil adsorption. Simultaneous rheology and Fourier transform infrared measurements tests showed that Sap@P(St-co-MMA) enhanced the crystallinity of PP matrix, promoted the regular arrangement of molecules, and improved the intermolecular interaction force, which was beneficial for the oil adsorption. The adsorption of PP-1.5% (1.5 wt% addition of Sap@P(St-co-MMA)) fiber membrane for xylene and kerosene reached a maximum of 15.84 and 22.84 g g −1 , respectively. In the treatment of coal tar wastewater, the removal rate of oil can reach 62.9%, and the removal rate can still reach 51.17% after five cycles of experiments. In summary, PP-1.5% fiber membrane does not produce secondary pollution to the environment, and is a kind of oil removal material with good application prospect. Highlights PP-based nanocomposites fiber membrane with strong oil adsorption was prepared. Organically modified saponite had strong heterogenous nucleation for PP matrix. Sap@P(St-co-MMA) increased the specific surface area of PP-based fiber membrane.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 64
·期 10
·4709-4719
·
IF 3.2
Jing Cao,Li Wang,Yuying Zheng
Slow rebound polyurethane foam (SPUF) has been widely used due to its advantages such as sound insulation, energy absorption, and good tactile sensation. However, SPUF is prone to harden at low temperature, and its application in medical equipment and households requires significant antibacterial properties. In this paper, self-made silicone modified polyethylene glycol (Si-APEG) and graphene oxide supported allicin (Alc@GO) were prepared and used as low-temperature resistant agent and antibacterial agent, respectively. Low-temperature resistant polyurethane foam (LSPUF) and antibacterial LSPUF (ALSPUF) were prepared respectively with water as foaming agent. The morphology of ALSPUF was observed by scanning electron microscope. Properties studied include apparent core density and porosity, mechanical properties including tensile strength, 40% compressive hardness, and rebound resilience, as well as low-temperature resistance. Effects of Si-APEG content on the structures and properties were analyzed and the LSPUF with an Si-APEG content of 10 wt.% showed the best comprehensive performance. Therefore, ALSPUFs with Si-APEG content of 10 wt.% and Alc@GO content of 0–3 wt.% were prepared. The addition of Alc@GO increased the antibacterial ratio significantly without obvious effect on the structure and mechanical properties of LSPUF. The antibacterial ratio of ALSPUF reached 99.07% at a Alc@GO content of 2.5 wt.% and testing time of 60 min. This work provides an effective and feasible method for the preparation of ALSPUF which can be widely used in medical devices and households. Highlights Silicone modified polyether is a suitable low-temperature resistant agent for PU foam. Allicin supported on GO provides good antibacterial property for PU foam. ALSPUF has better mechanical properties than SPU.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 64
·期 10
·4993-5005
·
IF 3.2
Feng Zhou,Yu Song,Yu Li,Xianyan Ren
In this paper, an acrylate copolymer-based oil adsorption resin was designed and synthesized by a suspension polymerization with octadecyl acrylate (SA) and butyl acrylate (BA) as monomers, divinylbenzene (DVB) as a cross-linking agent, and toluene as a pore-forming agent. By studying the synthesis conditions, the copolymer “SA-BA-DVB” (PSBA) with the best adsorption capacity was obtained, when the molar ratio between SA and BA was about 0.9, the content of the DVB and PVA 1788 was about 0.107 wt% and 1.0 wt%, respectively, accounting for the total mass amount of the monomers. Furthermore, by introducing 2% reactive silica nanoparticles (R-SiO 2 ), the performances of the PSBA were improved due to its increased hydrophobicity and activity space. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the resulted R-SiO 2 /PSBA to kerosene, diesel oil, benzene, and p-xylene was 31.90, 34.13, 39.44, and 41.81 mL/g, respectively, which is about 1.12 to 1.21 times higher than that of the PSBA. Also, the R-SiO 2 /PSBA show brilliant oil retention rate of about 99% after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 min and recycling ability which can be reusable for at least 10 absorption-desorption cycles without capacity change, demonstrating that the obtained R-SiO 2 /PSBA resin can be used as oil removing agents in the field of oil spill applications. Highlights R-SiO 2 modified acrylate copolymer as an oil adsorption resin was designed and synthesized. The influence of the monomers, cross-linking agent, and others on the adsorption resin was systematically studied. The adsorption kinetics and performances of the adsorption resin were studied.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 64
·期 7
·3137-3146
·
IF 3.2
Menghua Ma,Qixiang Yang,Tiantian Meng,Yuxin Wei,Yi Pan,Rui Chen
A new fire retardency APD was synthesized successfully by the condensation between 2-aminopyrazine and DOPO, and target product APD was characterized by NMR. Absorption peak at 12.6 ppm in 31 P NMR verified complete consumption of the reactant DOPO and further confirmed the structure of APD. The safety of epoxy resin (EP) in fire disaster was dramatically improved by introduction of APD. Epoxy resin modified with 8% APD succeeded in vertical burning (UL-94) test with V-0 rating and limited oxygen index (LOI) of EP/8% APD was also improved to 33.9%. Cone calorimeter (CC) test further exhibited fire resistant effect of APD on EP in detail. 11.0 g APD reduced total heat release of 100 g EP to 35.1% and reduced total smoke product of 100 g EP to 19.9%. Char residue from CC test of EP/8% APD was analyzed by Raman, XPS, SEM, and FTIR tests. The results of these tests indicated that compact morphology of char residue from EP/8% APD possessed a positive effect in blocking fire spread. Highlights APD was synthesized and fire resistant EP was made. EP/APD acquired outstanding fire resistance and moderate mechanical properties. APD played fire resistant role in gas phase and condensed phase.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Long-De Wang,Ling Tong,Jian-Wei Wu,Jie-Wei Rong
Urethane imide anhydride oligomers with terminal groups as anhydride groups were designed and synthesized using second-order nonlinear optical chromophore molecule, bisphenol AF-type diethylidene dianhydride, and toluene diisocyanate as monomers. Polyurethaneimide (PUI) second-order nonlinear optical polymers with the structure of imide and amino ester chain segments were then synthesized by the polycondensation reaction between urethane imide anhydride oligomers and aromatic diamine monomers. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of PUI reached 186°C, and the 5% heat-loss decomposition temperature was 320°C. The corona-polarized PUI had an electro-optic (EO) coefficient (γ 33 ) of 82 pm/V tested by the reflection method. The loss of light transmission of the polymer waveguide prepared with PUI as electro-optical material was 1.13 dB/cm at 1550 nm. Mach–Zehnder type polymer waveguide electro-optical modulators have been prepared based on the properties of the electro-optic material PUI. The fabricated polymer EO modulators had favorable electro-optic modulation response performance for low-frequency electrical signals. The good modulation characteristics of the manufactured electro-optical modulators proved that the synthesized PUI was a waveguide polymer material with good comprehensive performance. Highlights Electro-optic fluorinated polyurethaneimide was synthesized. Polyurethaneimide as core material, polymer waveguide EO modulators were fabricated. The prepared modulators had good electro-optic modulation performance.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Bo Liu,Zhigang Yuan,Mehdi Derradji,Caizhao Liu,Mingming Sun,Xugang Zhang,Gang Xue,Caiyu Song,Bin Zhang
Bismaleimide (BMI) resins is widely used in the aerospace field because of its excellent properties, but its poor toughness limits the possibility of its application in a wider range of fields. Therefore, a novel bio-compound, 4-(allyloxy)-3-methoxy-N-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)benzamide (AMTPM), was designed and synthesized from renewable vanillin, which has Schiff-base structure, silico-oxygen bond structure, and allyl structure. The chemical structure of AMTPM has been characterized and validated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR). It was found that the addition of AMTPM can effectively promote the curing behavior of BD resins (BMI and diallyl bisphenol A (DBA) was mixed and cured at the ratio of 1:0.87, named BD resins). AMTPM can affect the thermal stability and improve the mechanical properties of BD-AMTPM resins (BD resins modified by AMTPM in different addition), and the detailed discussion was conducted. With the increase of AMTPM content, the thermal stability of BD-AMTPM resins was deteriorated while the residual weight percentage at 800°C ( Y c ) was increased. When the content of AMTPM reached 12 wt%, the results showed that Y c achieved the values at a magnitude of 37.57%. Meanwhile, the glass transition temperature ( T g ) achieved 320°C. Among the BD-AMTPM resins system, the BD-6 wt% AMTPM has the best toughness and mechanical properties. The impact strength was increased by 29.2%, the tensile strength was increased by 22.1% and the elongation at break was increased by 44%. The fracture morphology of BD-AMTPM resins was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to support the mechanical experimental conclusions. This study provides a more environmentally friendly and convenient modifier, which is of great significance for expanding the application of bismaleimide resin. Highlights A bio-based modifying agent (AMTPM) was designed and successfully synthesized. AMTPM has both Si-O and Schiff-base structures. AMTPM can effectively improve the toughness of BD-AMTPM resins through impact and tensile tests.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Zhibo Zhao,Rajkamal Balu,Namita Roy Choudhury,Naba Kumar Dutta
Herein, we investigate the effect of the addition of tetra-needle-like zinc oxide whisker (T-ZnOw), a novel reinforcing additive, on the melt crystallization behavior of biodegradable polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)/polylactic acid (PLA) polymer blends. PBAT and PLA were blended in a Haake mixer at a fixed weight ratio of 70/30, and the contents of T-ZnOw varied from 0 to 7 wt%. The melt thermal properties and crystallization behavior of PBAT/PLA blends and PBAT/PLA/T-ZnOw composites were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The kinetics of melt crystallization have been quantitatively explained using a range of mathematical formalisms. The Avrami equation is adopted to analyze the isothermal crystallization process and kinetics of PBAT/PLA/T-ZnOw composites. For its nonisothermal crystallization process and kinetics, the Ozawa equation cannot describe the entire process, while the Jeziomy-modified Avrami equation can only describe the initial stage of its nonisothermal crystallization. Using Mo-analysis, the impact of T-ZnOw contents on the composite's nonisothermal crystallization kinetic has been thoroughly examined. Given that the PBAT/PLA blend system's crystal formation may be inhibited by T-ZnOw, the observation demonstrates that T-ZnOw only marginally alters this process. The work is of significant scientific value and adds a new concept to the development of sustainable thin film for packaging. Highlights T-ZnOw is used as a novel additive for PBAT/PLA polymer blends. The crystallization of PBAT/PLA/T-ZnOw composite systems is thoroughly examined. T-ZnOw marginally reduces the kinetics of the crystallization process of PBAT/PLA blends. PBAT/PLA/T-ZnOw composites follow volume nucleation with mixed 2D/1D growth. The nonisothermal crystallization of PBAT/PLA/T-ZnOw composites is validated by Mo-analysis.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 64
·期 3
·1299-1311
·
IF 3.2
Gang Ma,Xingzhong Fang,Guofei Chen
Aromatic nucleophilic substitution polymerization was used to synthesize five poly(ether nitrile imide)s (PENIs) that include benzonitrile and bulky cardo groups from a mixture of phenolphthalein (PP), 4,4′-bis(4-fluorophthalimide) diphenyl ether (4,4′-BFPI), and 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile (DFBN). The structure and properties relationship of PENIs with different ratios of DFBN and 4,4′-BFPI was explored. It was found that the glass transition temperature ( T g ) of PENIs decreased from 280 to 260°C, while the temperature of 5% thermal weight loss ( T 5% ) in N 2 increased from 429 to 453°C as the benzonitrile content in PENI increased. The produced PENI films had good mechanical characteristics, including tensile strengths of 103–112 MPa, elongations at break of 5.6%–8.2%, and tensile moduli of 2.9–3.4 GPa. Furthermore, the solubility and melt processability were also improved with the introduction of the benzonitrile group. Compared with poly(ether ketone imide)s (PEKIs) and poly(ether sulfone imide)s (PESIs), PENIs with benzonitrile displayed higher T g , tensile modules, and lower complex viscosity.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 64
·期 6
·2854-2867
·
IF 3.2
Feng Zhang,Xuefeng Pan,Fengtao Li,Jiajia Xu,Xuelian He
Using a solution-mixing method, this research aimed to fabricate high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite materials with uniform dispersion. By incorporating a small quantity of UHMWPE as a nucleating agent, additional contact points were introduced to enhance the crystallization rate of the HDPE matrix. Thermal stretching experiments were conducted on composite systems with varying UHMWPE contents and molecular weight additions at different temperatures. Elevating the stretching temperature was found to decrease the yield strain and yield strength, extend the stage of tensile plastic deformation, and diminish the overall mechanical properties of the composite material. Notably, stretching at temperatures ranging from 90 to 110°C accentuated the development of internal crystal orientation structures. Under low strain conditions, crystal slip was observed to be concentrated, with single crystals undergoing continuous stretching and breaking, resulting in a decrease in the long period. Conversely, at high strains, the induced formation of oriented lamellar structures was observed. Highlights Prepared HDPE/UHMWPE blends by UHMWPE with varying molecular weights. Analyzed the alterations in the HDPE/UHMWPE blends' internal crystal structure. Influence of UHMWPE addition, temperature on the evolution of crystal structure.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Xiaoye Li,Huamin Liu,Yuanyuan Xue,Yanchao Zhu,Juntao Li,Xinyao Li,Shuang Gao
Reinforcing fillers play a pivotal role in achieving superior performance of latex foam materials. The corn stalk, as an agricultural by-product, possesses the advantages of abundant availability, renewability, and environmental friendliness. In this study, natural rubber latex foam (NRLF) was prepared using the Dunlop method with the addition of corn stalk (CS) as a reinforcing agent. To further enhance the adhesion between the biomass fiber and matrix, alkali-treated CS/natural rubber latex foam (ACS/ NRLF) was prepared by modifying the CS with a 6% sodium hydroxide solution. The effects of different amounts of CS and ACS on the properties of the composites were investigated. The results demonstrate that loading 5phr of ACS significantly improves mechanical properties such as tensile strength, compressive capacity, recovery rate, and other properties in ACS/NRLF materials. Furthermore, surface treatment of the fiber is shown to greatly enhance material performance. This indicates that CS has great potential in the application of latex foam materials.
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Wenzheng Xu,Junyi Wang,Xiaolong Chang,Yulong Yang,Leyang Zhao,Shuying Lan,Ningxin Ma,Jiangtao Xing
Rapid and facile self-assembly coatings play a crucial role in surface functionalization of materials. In this study, a safe, fast, and environmentally friendly method is proposed to form a metal-phenolic network (MPN) through the assembly of gallic acid (GA) and iron ions (Fe 3+ ), which is used for the in situ polymerization coating of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5-7-tetrazacyclooctane (HMX). The surface of the modified HMX crystals become visibly roughened. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was coated on the surface of modified HMX by water suspension method to form HMX@MPN@TPU double-layer core-shell energetic composite material. Compared with the raw material HMX, the β-δ phase transition temperature of the double-layer core-shell structure composite increased by 12.36°C, the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity decreased, and the compressive strength increased by 38%, which effectively improved its mechanical properties. Highlights It has been demonstrated that metal-phenolic networks can self-assemble on the surface of crystals. A water suspension method was employed to prepare energetic material powder into a polymer-bonded explosive (PBX). The modified PBX showed significant improvements in various properties, indicating that metal-phenolic networks can serve as excellent modifying materials.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）