Catalysts
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 8
·473
·
IF 3.8
Hong Zhang,Zhi Wang,Fengxi Li,Lei Wang,Bo Ren
A stable and efficient biocatalyst was prepared by encapsulatingTrametes versicolorlaccase using an acrylic acid-grafted β-cyclodextrin hydrogel (Lac-CD-PAA). Scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments showed that there were regularly distributed channels in the spongy Lac-CD-PAA. In addition, a large number of mesopores and macropores existed in the wall of the hydrogel lamellae. This network structure reduced the diffusion resistance of the hydrogel to the target substrate. The relative activity of the resulting Lac-CD-PAA could be maintained at 35.8% after six cycles of use. Lac-CD-PAA exhibited higher thermal and chemical stability compared to free laccase. The negative charge on the surface of Lac-CD-PAA gives it the ability to pretreat cationic dyes. In six consecutive methylene blue decolorization tests, Lac-CD-PAA decolorized better than free laccase. The results showed that the prepared β-cyclodextrin-based composite hydrogel was a good carrier for laccase.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
环境科学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Frank Peprah Addai,Xinglin Chen,Hao Zhu,Zongjian Zhen,Feng Lin,Chengxiang Feng,Juan Han,Zhirong Wang,Yun Wang,Yang Zhou
Glucoamylases (GLL) hydrolyze starch to glucose syrup without yielding intermediate oligosaccharides, but their lack of stability under industrial conditions poses a major limiting factor. Using consensus- and ancestral-based machine-learning tools, a functional GLL with six mutations (GLLI73l/T130V/N212V/D238G/N327M/S332P) was constructed that exhibited superior hydrolytic activity relative to the wild-type (WT-GLL). An oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotube (oMW-CNT) was used as a solid support to immobilize the WT-GLL with an immobilization capacity of 211.28 mg/g. The specific activity of mutant GLL-6M and GLL@oMW-CNTII was improved by 2.5-fold and 3.9-fold respectively, with both retaining 64.5% residual activity after incubation at 50 °C for 2 h compared to the WT-GLL with 42.6% activity. GLL and GLL-6M were however completely inactivated at 55 °C in 30 min while oMW-CNTII retained ∼43.1% activity. Our results demonstrate that employing a machine-learning approach for enzyme redesign and immobilization is a practicable alternative for improving enzyme performance and stability for industrial applications.
研究领域:
生物化学
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酶工程
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工业生物技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 7
·e70960
·
IF 4.2
Mingyang Zhao,Yupeng Jiao,Zhenfeng Tong
Sn-containing hollandite has been highlighted by recent machine learning-guided design as a promising host for radioactive cesium (Cs), yet waste form validation remains limited. Here, a Cs-bearing Sn-based hollandite series, (Ba,Cs) 1.66 (Fe,Sn) 8 O 16 , was synthesized in air by solid-state reaction, with hollandite formation at 1125°C followed by pressureless sintering at 1200°C. x-Ray diffraction confirms hollandite as the major phase across the series, with minor Ba-bearing secondary phases only at low Cs contents. Rietveld refinement reveals anisotropic lattice expansion and a tetragonal-to-monoclinic symmetry change at the Cs-rich end member, accompanied by progressive tightening of tunnel descriptors, indicating a Sn-specific Cs accommodation response distinct from many Ti-based hollandites. Chemical durability was evaluated by monolithic leaching in deionized water at 90°C. At Cs loadings up to ∼17 wt%, 7-day Cs release is comparable to representative Ti-based hollandites tested under similar conditions. Sn exhibits ultralow normalized release, while Cs and Ba show higher release without detectable degradation of the hollandite matrix. Extended 28-day interval leaching on Ba 0.8 Cs 0.86 Fe 2.46 Sn 5.54 O 16 (HS2) and Ba 0.4 Cs 1.26 Fe 2.06 Sn 5.94 O 16 (HS3) separates rapid early wash-off from slower, diffusion-controlled release. By 14–28 days, Cs and Ba leaching rates converge to ∼2–4 × 10 −2 g·m −2 ·day −1 , with effective diffusion coefficients of ∼1–2 × 10 −11 cm 2 /s and leaching indices of ∼11. Benchmarking against Ti-based hollandites places the Sn-based series within a competitive loading–durability window under a comparatively mild processing route, supporting Sn-based hollandite as a readily fabricated candidate for high-loading Cs immobilization.
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Case Studies in Construction Materials
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Jiale Yu,Jiayang Zhu,Cheng Wang,Binmeng Chen
This study evaluated the feasibility of using cadmium-containing wastewater (CCW) as mixing water for cement paste and elucidated the coupled relationship among hydration evolution, pore structure evolution, permeability variation, and Cd 2+ transport under different pH conditions. The results demonstrated that the initial pH of CCW significantly influenced cement hydration and pore connectivity, thereby controlling Cd 2+ transport and leaching behavior. Specifically, H + ions inhibited cement hydration and etched the hydration products, resulting in a porous structure while OH - ions accelerated the hydration and increased the amount of hydration products, refining the pore structure. It is worth noting that as the pH increases, the dominant Cd species gradually shifted from the highly mobile free Cd 2+ (which prevails under strongly acidic conditions, though minor hydroxy complexes like Cd(OH) + may also coexist) towards less soluble hydroxide complexes and ultimately to stable precipitates such as Ca 0.67 Cd 0.33 CO 3 , which further enhanced pore tortuosity and inhibited Cd 2+ migration. Furthermore, the Katz-Thompson model revealed the pH-regulated evolution of permeability-controlling pore structures, showing a strong linear correlation with Cd leaching (R 2 =0.979). Permeability-controlling pores shifted from bimodal distributions (1–10 μm and 0.003–0.01 μm) under acidic conditions to a concentrated micropore range (0.003–0.01 μm) under alkaline conditions. These findings established a predictive permeability-controlled framework that quantitatively links micro structure to leaching behavior, providing theoretical support for the safe utilization of CCW in construction materials.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Guoqiang Zhao,Wanjun Shi,Weidong Ma,Xianzhou Ning,Bo Xie,Wei Zhang,Bin Ye,Yushan Yang
The present work developed pollucite-based waste forms suited for the immobilization of cesium- and strontium-rich waste (CSRW) derived from the TRPO process. The sintering conditions and waste loading were varied, and their effects on waste forms phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties and durability were investigated. It was found that with a CSRW loading of 7.5 wt% and sintered at 1150 °C for 4 h, CSRW could be effectively incorporated into the pollucite waste forms, with only a minor glass phase present. The corresponding waste forms exhibited a microhardness of ∼ 563 HV and a thermal conductivity of ∼ 1.36 W·m -1 ·K -1 . Moreover, the normalized leaching rates of Cs, Sr, Ba, Rb, Fe, and Mo were 3.07×10 -2 , 2.76×10 -2 , 3.3×10 -3 , 9.9×10 -3 , 3.9×10 -3 and 3.1×10 -3 g·m -2 ·d -1 and the leaching indexes were > 9, exhibiting good chemical durability. This work demonstrated the feasibility of pollucite as a stable host material for the immobilization of CSRW.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Yumei Hu,Yuhang Xu,Biyu He,Du Niu,Xuechun Yang,Jiaping Huang,Zhenzhen Xie,Panpan Shen,Xian Li,Maosen Bai,Ziwei Liu,Hao Li,Yunyun Yang,Jian-Wen Huang,Chun-Chi Chen,Rey-Ting Guo,Longhai Dai
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a pervasive and significant mycotoxin that poses serious health risks to humans and animals. The development of efficient biocatalysts for the enzymatic detoxification of OTA is of great importance. In this study, we enhanced the OTA-degrading activity of three amidohydrolases (ADHs) by up to ninefold. This improvement was achieved by reducing steric hindrance in the binding pocket and fine-tuning the hydrophilic interactions between the enzyme and substrate. The most efficient variant, Pw ADH/DM, was immobilized onto magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles functionalized by the co -deposition of dopamine and polyethyleneimine. Under optimal conditions, this immobilization process achieved a high immobilization efficiency (85.4%) and activity recovery (76.9%). The immobilized enzyme exhibited enhanced pH stability and thermostability, along with good storage stability, reusability, and recyclability. More importantly, the immobilized enzyme completely degraded 100 ng/mL OTA in contaminated milk without affecting the milk's properties. These findings expand our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing substrate binding and catalysis in OTA-degrading ADHs. Furthermore, they provide a blueprint for enzyme-based OTA decontamination during food processing.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 6
Hailong Guo,Ke Sun,Kai Zhang,Qingrong Huang,Shujie Liang
Hierarchical CNMs enable covalent catalase immobilization with robust structure. • CAT-ACNMs retain high activity across various pH, solvents, and trypsin conditions. • CAT-ACNMs show excellent reusability and storage stability for real long-term use. A persistent bottleneck in industrial biocatalysis is the engineering of immobilized enzymes that possess both structural resilience and high recyclability under rigorous conditions. Herein, hierarchical chitin-based nanofibrous microspheres (CNMs) were directly constructed via thermally induced self-assembly in a NaOH/urea system, followed by controlled sodium periodate oxidation to introduce aldehyde functionalities for covalent enzyme anchoring. Catalase (CAT) was subsequently anchored through Schiff-base formation, resulting in the CAT-ACNMs complex characterized by a 3D interconnected porous framework. While the immobilization process led to a decrease in the apparent rate constant from 0.42 to 0.032 s −1 , the resulting biocatalyst demonstrated significantly improved environmental tolerance. CAT-ACNMs maintained over 80.0% of their peak activity across a pH range of 5.0–8.0 and exhibited notable stability in various organic solvents (40.7–83.5% retention). Furthermore, the biocatalyst displayed exceptional longevity, preserving ∼90.8% of its initial performance after 8 consecutive cycles and three weeks of storage. The synergistic integration of hierarchical porosity and covalent spatial confinement grants CAT-ACNMs superior operational robustness, underscoring their suitability for sustained biocatalytic processes in complex media. Download: Download high-res image (266KB) Download: Download full-size image Hierarchical CNMs were fabricated via thermally induced self-assembly and aldehyde-functionalized to enable covalent immobilization of catalase, forming CAT-ACNMs with a stable interconnected porous structure. The immobilized enzyme exhibits high activity and enhanced durability, maintaining excellent tolerance to pH, solvents, and trypsin, along with superior reusability and storage stability for long-term applications.
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International Journal of Applied Glass Science
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 3
·e70037
·
IF 2
Wei Han,Wengui Ru,Rugeng Liu,Xiyang Liu,Linghao Hou,Weiqun Shi,Hui He,Mei Li
137 Cs has become one of the key challenges in the dry reprocessing of spent fuel due to its poor separability and high radioactivity. The synthesis of Cs 2 SnCl 6 for the removal of CsCl from waste salts and the preparation of Cs 2 SnCl 6 -glass composites was investigated in this study. The optimal conditions for the hydrothermal synthesis of Cs 2 SnCl 6 are a reaction at 150°C for 6 h, and XRD results indicate that the product is a pure cubic phase. CsCl is removed from LiCl-KCl-CsCl waste salts by the synthesis of Cs 2 SnCl 6 . This method enables efficient and selective separation of Cs + from waste salts with a Cs + content of 2.5–10 wt.%, achieving a removal efficiency of over 96%. The glass composites have a maximum embedding rate of 30 wt.%. Cs + and Cl − are uniformly distributed in the glass matrix, and the glass matrix exhibits good compatibility with Cs 2 SnCl 6 . The PCT test showed that the normalized leaching rates of Cs + and Cl − on the 28th day were as low as 1.6×10 − 4 and 3.4×10 − 4 g·m − 2 ·d − 1 , respectively, demonstrating that the Cs 2 SnCl 6 -glass composite exhibits excellent leaching resistance.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2025
·Vol. 108
·期 7
·e20511
·
IF 3.8
Maobiao Ran,Xiaoliang Gou,Shunzhang Chen,Xiaoyan Shu,Yi Liu,Shengdong Zhang,Xirui Lu
To swiftly address Cs presence in radioactive molten salt waste, we utilized nonradioactive CsCl to simulate 137 CsCl. Through supercritical water hydrothermal synthesis with metakaolin, we converted it to pollucite and sodalite within 10 min. With Cs/Al and Si/Al mole ratios set at 0.4 and 2.0, respectively, the primary phase in the solidified form was predominantly pollucite, with CsCl solubility reaching 25.52 wt.%. All elements were uniformly distributed within the solidified form. Additionally, the supercritical water hydrothermal synthesis not only aided CsCl immobilization but also improved the chemical stability of the solidified form. The normalized leaching rate of Cs after 28 days is less than 4.03 × 10 −6 g m −2 day −1 , which is much lower than the existing solidification substrate. This investigation presents a fresh approach to the rapid disposal of radioactive molten salt waste.
研究领域:
环境科学
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核能工程
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材料科学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Xiangshan Hou,Jiayao Zhu,Jingwei Li,Yanhui Liu,Xujiang Wang,Wen Jiang,Wenlong Wang
Safe disposal of nuclear waste is an inevitable requirement for the rapid development of nuclear power. Sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) exhibits excellent performance and potential application in nuclear waste solidification. In this study, a temperature-variable leaching test (90 °C and 25 °C) and an ettringite crystal synthesis experiment were designed to analyze the influence of elevated temperature on SeO 4 2- and CrO 4 2- in SAC matrices. The results showed that, on the one hand, high temperature promoted the oxyanions leaching; on the other hand, it accelerated the early hydration of SAC and subsequently hindered further leaching. The decomposition of ettringite at high temperatures weakened both the physical and chemical solidification mechanisms. Changing from 90 °C condition to 25 °C condition could cause a small amount of ettringite to reform within pores, which significantly inhibited oxyanions leaching. No obvious competitive or induced effects between SeO 4 2- and CrO 4 2- were observed. In SAC matrices, the distributions of Se and S were integrated, whereas Cr tended to be enriched alone. SeO 4 2- tended to mix with SO 4 2- and participate in the formation of ettringite together, and CrO 4 2- tended to precipitate alone to form CrO 4 -ettringite. This paper presents new insights into the solidification and migration behavior of oxyanions when the solidification matrix undergoes phase transformations.
研究领域:
环境科学
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核废料处理
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材料科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
Liu Yuhui,Ma Tianshu,Wang Changlei,Yang Zhenhai,Zhao Yue,Wu Zhanghao,Chen Chen,Bao Yining,Zhai Yuhang,Jia Tianci,Chen Cong,Zhao Dewei,Li Xiaofeng
Low-bandgap (LBG) mixed tin-lead (Sn−Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from inferior performance due to their high defect density. Conventionally, ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDADI) is used as a surface passivator to reduce defects and improve device photovoltaic performance, but it introduces severe hysteresis caused by excessive mobilized ions at the top interface. Here, we report a mobile ion suppressing strategy of using hydrazine monohydrochloride (HM) as a bulk passivator to anchor the free ions in LBG perovskites. The protonated hydrazine (N 2 H 5 + ) of HM formed hydrogen bonds with iodine (I – ) ions, while the chloride (Cl – ) ions occupied the I – vacancies, collectively impeding the migration of I – and thus mitigating the ion movement-induced hysteresis that arose from EDADI usage. The synergistic strategy of HM doping and EDADI post-treatment significantly suppresses the oxidation of Sn 2+ , decreases trap density, and inhibits rapid crystallization of perovskite. Consequently, we achieved a champion efficiency of 23.21% for LBG PSCs. Integrating these cells with wide-bandgap PSCs into all-perovskite tandem solar cells yields a high efficiency of 28.55% (certified 28.31%) with negligible hysteresis.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
·
光电技术
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2024
·Vol. 107
·期 9
·5773-5785
·
IF 3.5
Qu Ai,Shi-Kuan Sun,Peng-Wei Hao,Yuan-Bin Chen,Yi Zhao,Sheng-Heng Tan,Wei-Ming Guo,Hua-Tay Lin
The aqueous reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel generates a considerable amount of plutonium alongside contaminated stainless steel, necessitating meticulous handling for safe decommission and long-term management. The present work investigated the co-immobilization of CeO 2 (as an inactive surrogate for PuO 2 ) with metallic Fe and Cr (representing a simplified stainless steel) within a zirconolite ceramic wasteform, nominally targeting Ca 1− x Ce x ZrTi 2−2 x Fe x Cr x O 7 . After sintering at 1400°C under an air atmosphere, the zirconolite phase constituted 90.8–95.1 wt.% of the product across the solid solution range of 0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.25, alongside perovskite and baddeleyite secondary phases in varying proportion; no evidence of the unincorporated CeO 2 or metallic and oxidized Fe or Cr were identified. Above x = 0.30 CeO 2 was detected inferring, the solubility limit was reached. A polytype transformation from zirconolite 2M to 3T was confirmed by X -ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction results, with the relative fraction of the 3T phase gradually increasing to 49.5 wt.% at x = 0.30. Deconvolution of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data revealed the partial reduction of Ce 4+ –Ce 3+ , whereas Fe and Cr species maintained trivalent, in agreement with the targeted substitution scheme. Benefitting from the excellent chemical flexibility of zirconolite structured compounds, the co-immobilization approach may be an effective disposal pathway for Pu-containing wastes and contaminated stainless steel residues.
研究领域:
核工程
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材料科学
·
废物管理
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高影响因子
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