RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
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2026
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IF 3.3
Tian Si,Su Zhen,Ge Yuansheng,Su Zhiwei,Shen Feng,Tong Gui,Liang Xiaoyang,Jiang Zhenjie,Zhang Lixin,Guan Qingqing
The catalytic cracking of high-boiling chlorosilanes, such as Si 2 Cl 6 —common by-products in polysilicon production—into lower-boiling-point chlorosilanes is essential for their reuse. However, conventional liquid-phase amine catalysts suffer from limited durability and low economic viability due to deactivation caused by metal impurities such as Al 3+ and Ti 4+ . In this work, a novel solid-state guanidine-grafted Merrifield resin (G-M-resin) catalyst was successfully synthesized via nucleophilic substitution. Significantly, the newly developed G-M-resin catalyst exhibits excellent durability, high efficiency , and recyclability in the catalytic cracking of Si 2 Cl 6 . After five reaction cycles, the G-M-resin catalyst maintains high catalytic efficiency, with only a 9% loss in the presence of Al 3+ and a 23.6% loss with both Al 3+ and Ti 4+ . In contrast, a conventional organic amine catalyst suffered a 40.8% loss of activity under Al 3+ and was completely deactivated when both metal ions were present. The superior stability of the G-M-resin catalyst originates from the low binding energy between the grafted guanidine groups and the interfering metal ions (Ti 4+ and Al 3+ ), thereby effectively preserving the active sites from deactivation. Furthermore, the solid-state design of the G-M-resin catalyst facilitates its regeneration, allowing for full recovery of initial performance after reactivation. This addresses a key limitation associated with conventional liquid amine catalysts. This work presents a durable and regenerable solid catalyst for converting high-boiling chlorosilanes, offering a promising strategy for maintaining catalytic activity in challenging environments.
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Scientific Reports
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2026
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IF 4.9
Zhang Yanming,Wu Wenjia,Meng Ting,Yang Shuiping,Miao Gong
This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-25-3p carried by human amnion epithelial cell (hAEC)–derived exosomes in regulating MUC5AC production and apoptosis in conjunctival goblet cells. hAEC-derived exosomes were isolated, characterized, and evaluated for their uptake by conjunctival goblet cells. qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, Western blotting, and ELISA were used to assess the effects of exosomes on MUC5AC expression and apoptosis, with a focus on the contribution of miR-25-3p. The interaction between miR-25-3p and its predicted target BCL2L11 was examined using dual-luciferase reporter assays. Conjunctival goblet cells efficiently internalized hAEC-derived exosomes. Exosome treatment increased MUC5AC expression ( P < 0.01) and reduced apoptosis ( P < 0.01). miR-25-3p was found to mediate these effects, at least in part, through targeting BCL2L11, thereby promoting MUC5AC production ( P < 0.01) and decreasing apoptosis ( P < 0.01). hAEC-derived exosomes, particularly those containing miR-25-3p, modulate mucin expression and apoptosis in conjunctival goblet cells. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how exosomal miRNAs may contribute to maintaining ocular surface homeostasis, suggesting a potential role for exosomal miR-25-3p in supporting ocular surface health.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2026
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IF 3.1
Xing Luyi,Lin Tao,Yin Xuefeng,Qu Sitian,Peng Guoqiang,Li Chenyang
Highly conductive hydrogel electrolytes have substantially promoted the advancement of flexible electronic devices. For such electrolytes, addressing the intrinsic trade-off between mechanical integrity and electrical conductivity is crucial for achieving optimal performance. This study investigates a composite hydrogel composed of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and polyacrylamide (PAM), in which the interaction between CNF and PAM forms a stable structural network and facilitates efficient ion transport pathways. Furthermore, the incorporation of ferrous acetate (Fe(CH₃COO)₂) encapsulated within β-cyclodextrin (β-CD@Fe) into the hydrogel matrix markedly improves the ionic conductivity and enables a favorable balance between mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. As a result of this innovative design, the hydrogel exhibits excellent electrochemical properties, including an ionic conductivity of 0.0514 S cm −1 and a specific capacitance of 37.8 F cm −2 . Notably, the hydrogel maintains excellent cycling stability, retaining a Coulombic efficiency of 97.32% after 2000 charge–discharge cycles. Coupled with its combination of robust adhesion, self-healing capabilities, and exceptional mechanical durability alongside superior electrochemical performance, this hydrogel is a promising candidate for high-power-density, long-cycle-lifetime energy storage systems.
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Nano-Micro Letters
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2026
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·237
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IF 38.5
Wang Xiaoxue,Xu Yuhui,Zhang Jianhua,Xi Yukun,Hou Ningjing,Chen Yixuan,Liu Dongzhu,Yang Zihao,Wen Haocheng,Kang Jia,Yang Xiaoli,Song Xuexia,Wang Jingjing,Li Wenbin,Zhang Jiujun,Zhang Kun,Li Xifei
Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP) is regarded as a prospective cathode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its high structural stability and cost-effectiveness. However, its practical application is hindered by intrinsically low electronic conductivity. Herein, an unconventional electron transfer mechanism from Ni2+ to Fe3+ ions is unveiled in Ni-doped Na4.3Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP-Ni) cathode, which facilitates electronic coupling within the Fe−O−Ni coordination unit and thereby effectively boosts electron transport. Moreover, the redox kinetics and reversibility of NFPP materials are predominantly governed by the degree of Fe−O covalency. The intermediate eg occupancy of Fe2+, modulated by the presence of Ni2+, optimizes the overlap between Fe d and O p orbitals. The adjustment of Ni dopant strikes a balance between accelerating Na+ diffusion kinetics and mitigating lattice strain during cycling. As a result, the NFPP-Ni electrode displays impressive rate capacity (121.0 mAh g−1 at 0.1C / 80.9 mAh g−1 at 10C) and stable cyclability (89.1% capacity retention after 1000 cycles). More importantly, the relationship between Fe eg orbital occupancy and Fe−O covalency in NFPP as modulated by various transition metal cations (Ni2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+ and Cu2+) with different electron configurations are systematically elucidated, thereby providing insights for the commercial development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs).
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.4
Cui Wenfang,Zhu Mingzhu,Sun Yongmei,Zhang Keyu,Ma Mei
The three-dimensional framework for lithium storage endows TiP 2 O 7 with excellent stability and considerable capacity. However, its practical application is hindered by poor electrical conductivity and an unclear understanding of its structural evolution. Herein, we present a nitrogen-doped carbon-coated TiP 2 O 7 composite prepared by a straightforward and scalable surface modification strategy, which exhibits superior rate capability compared to previous reports. Specifically, it achieves specific capacities of 435, 341, and 263 mA h g −1 at current densities of 2, 5, and 10 A g −1 , respectively. Kinetic analysis confirms that the nitrogen-doped carbon coating on TiP 2 O 7 surface significantly accelerates the interfacial charge transfer, leading to a dominant pseudocapacitive behavior. Importantly, ex-situ transmission electron microscopy characterization reveals that the TiP 2 O 7 in the composite evolves into homogeneous nanocrystals after 100 cycles at a low current density of 0.2 A g −1 . By contrast, despite the TiP 2 O 7 transforming into nanocrystals with inconsistent sizes and reduced crystallinity after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 1 A g −1 , the effective coating of N-doped carbon preserves the capacity of the anode at up to 462.6 mA h g −1 . These findings suggest that this universal strategy can significantly enhance the performance of TiP 2 O 7 -based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Graphical abstract
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International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
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2026
·Vol. 33
·期 2
·657-668
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IF 8.8
Liu Haobo,Wang Liangtai,Qiao Tongjie,Xi Fengshuo,Chen Xiuhua,Lu Jijun,Li Xiufeng,Ma Wenhui,Li Shaoyuan
The rapid expansion of the photovoltaic industry has generated heavily oxidized waste silicon (wSi), which hinders efficient recycling owing to its small particle size and uncontrolled surface oxidation. This study introduces a molten salt electrochemical strategy for converting photovoltaic wSi into NiSi 2 –silicon nanorods (NiSi 2 –SiNRs) as high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. A stable oxidized passivation layer is formed on the wSi surface via controlled oxidation, and further in situ generated highly active NiSi 2 droplets. The molten salt electric field modulates the surface energy of silicon, while particle integration drives localized directional growth, enabling the self-assembly of NiSi 2 –SiNRs composites. These NiSi 2 –SiNRs anodes exhibit rapid ion transport and effective strain buffering. The high aspect ratio of SiNRs and the presence of retained NiSi 2 facilitate both longitudinal and transverse Li + diffusion. Owing to their robust structural design, the NiSi 2 –SiNRs anode achieves an excellent initial Coulombic efficiency of 91.61% and retains 72.99% of its capacity after 800 cycles at 2 A·g −1 . This study establishes a model system for investigating silicide/silicon interfaces in molten salt electrochemical synthesis and provides an effective strategy for upcycling photovoltaic wSi into high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes.
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Nature Communications
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2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·987
·
IF 15.7
Wei Zhidong,Jin Fei,Li Tong,Qian Lili,Ma Juan,Liu Fengling,Zheng Weiying,Wang Yu,Zhang Siwei,You Ye,Feng Zhang-Qi,Wang Ting
Capacitively coupled electrical stimulation modulates neuronal activity through reversible charging and without charge transfer reactions. This represents a promising and safe neuromodulation scheme but achieving wireless and high capacitive charge density injection remains challenging. Here, we developed a topological fibrous-architecture sonocapacitor (SonoCap) that assembled from piezoelectric-dielectric composite nanosphere (UCapT) and two-dimensional cellulose. UCapT features a unique piezoelectric core-hollow cavity-dielectric cage structure that can efficiently couples ultrasound excitation to achieve piezoelectric electron-capacitance transfer, and its highly assembled SonoCap achieves cumulative charge storage, a high ion-accessible surface area, and macroscopic softness, thereby enabling wireless and high capacitive charge density injection. SonoCap can achieve a capacitive charge density output of up to 9.7 mC cm −2 under 0.63 W cm −2 ultrasound excitation, while generating a negligible Faradaic charge of 2 nC cm −2 . We demonstrated that SonoCap can transcranially and epidurally modulate neural circuit dynamics in rat and pig brains, without introducing intracerebral foreign bodies and maintaining ventricular homeostasis. By integrating a deep learning-based closed-loop diagnostic system, on-demand, wireless, and epidural capacitive electrical stimulation treatment for temporal lobe epilepsy can be achieved. The design concept of SonoCap is expected to inspire expanding development of functional capacitive stimulators, potentially promoting the widespread application of capacitive electrical neuromodulation.
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JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
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2026
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IF 4.2
Zahedi Seyed Morteza,Fahadi Hoveizeh Narjes,Mohammadi Zeinab,Gholami Rahmatollah,Padervand Mohsen,Dawi Elmuez A.,Anik Touhidur Rahman,Abdelrahman Mostafa
Nanostructures are increasingly used to mitigate various abiotic stresses in recent years. This study investigated the effects of zinc oxide nanostructures, titanium oxide nanostructures (TiO 2 nanostructures) and zeolite (Zeo)-supported ZnTiO 3 nanostructures on ‘Zard’ fig ( Ficus carica L.) seedlings in alleviating the adverse effects of salinity stress. Fig plants were treated with 10 mg L -1 ZnO nanostructures, 15 mg L -1 TiO 2 nanostructures, and 15 mg L -1 Zeo-supported ZnTiO 3 nanostructures under normal conditions and 75 mM NaCl stress. Salinity stress increased Na⁺ levels by 134%, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) concentrations by 45%, and electrolyte leakage percentage (EL%) by 45%, while significantly reducing root growth parameters. In contrast, treatment with Zeo-supported ZnTiO 3 nanostructures significantly increased root fresh weight by 53% and dry weight by 48%, improved the chlorophyll index; soil plant analysis development values by 12%, boosted superoxide dismutase activity by 25% and glutathione peroxidase activity approximately ~ 2.8-fold, while reducing EL% and H₂O₂ concentrations by 22% each, thereby contributing to the enhanced salinity tolerance in salt-stressed fig plants compared with nanostructure-untreated plants. Although ZnO nanostructures and TiO 2 nanostructures also improved some root system architecture (RSA) parameters under salinity stress, the Zeo-supported ZnTiO 3 nanostructures were more effective. The results indicate that the enhanced efficacy composite Zeo-supported ZnTiO₃ nanostructure is more effective than individual treatments in enhancing salinity tolerance in fig seedlings by modulating key physiological, biochemical, and RSA traits. Combined ZnTiO 3 nanostructures with zeolite substrate showed significantly greater effect in improving salt stress tolerance than the separate application of ZnO or TiO 2 nanoparticles, indicating enhanced efficacy benefits in their combined use. Therefore, future studies should focus on scaling up their application under saline field conditions, assessing long-term environmental safety, and exploring their integration with precision agriculture technologies to further improve sustainable fig production under salinity stress.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4
Chen Shuai-Jun,Huang Biao,Song Li-Xin,Wang Zha,Du Ping-Fan,Xiong Jie,Zhu Hai-Lin,Guo Yu-Hai
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are considered promising candidates for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries because of their easy preparation and good compatibility with lithium metal. However, their applications are restricted by their low ionic conductivity and poor mechanical properties. In this study, a composite solid polymer electrolyte composed of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(vinylidene fluoride- co -hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), plasticizer succinonitrile (SN), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibrous porous membranes was prepared. The PTFE fibrous membrane significantly enhanced the mechanical strength of the electrolyte as a supporting framework. SN reduced the crystalline regions of PEO and facilitated rapid lithium-ion transport. PVDF-HFP promoted lithium salt dissolution and improved the electrochemical stability of the electrolyte. Accordingly, the optimized PTFE/PEO/PVDF-HFP/SN polymer electrolyte exhibited a tensile strength of 3.31 MPa at 352% elongation and demonstrated an ionic conductivity of 7.6×10 −4 S·cm −1 at 60 °C. Lithium symmetric cells maintained stable cycling for over 2500 h at 0.15 mA·cm −2 , and Li//LiFePO 4 full cells showed a high capacity retention of 91.6% after 300 cycles at 0.5 C, with coulombic efficiency consistently exceeding 99.9% throughout cycling.
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Scientific Reports
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·4677
·
IF 3.9
Cao Yingjian,Wang Quan,Yao Yingkang,Zhang Jiabao,Wang Fengqi,Liu Zhiyu,Lu Kaiyan,Yang Yaoyong,Li Rui,Xu Xiaomeng
To improve the performance of bulk emulsion explosives, a coal powder water slurry (CPWS) was prepared and introduced to partially replace ammonium nitrate. The microstructure, particle size distribution, and thermal decomposition behavior of emulsified matrices with different CPWS contents were investigated using optical microscopy, laser particle size analysis, and thermogravimetry. The Kissinger method was applied to calculate activation energy, while detonation velocity and brisance were measured. Results show that both viscosity and explosive performance first increased and then decreased with rising CPWS content. The 6% CPWS formulation exhibited the highest detonation velocity (4103.88 m·s − 1 ) and brisance (11.51 cm), along with the lowest activation energy (118.67 kJ·mol − 1 ). In contrast, 12% CPWS led to the highest activation energy (172.46 kJ·mol − 1 ). Overall, the 6% CPWS composition provided the best balance of viscosity, explosive power, and thermal behavior, demonstrating its potential for practical application.
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NATURE MATERIALS
·
2026
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IF 38.5
Chen Ruoyang,Zhang Yue-Yu,Huang Xing,Wang Liping,Zhang Lei,Song Chao,Dai Lixiong,Zhang Min,Wang Jun,Jian Yong,Xu Weiyuan,Dong Hui,Peng Bingquan,He Shuqiang,Liang Shanshan,Dai Fangfang,Fan Qihui,Ye Fangfu,Zhang Xin,Zhang Feng,Fang Haiping
Hydrogels do not have observable responses to external magnetic fields as they are conventionally thought to be diamagnetic. These materials require additives for magnetic control, limiting biomedical applications due to potential side effects. Here we show that calcium cations can induce strong paramagnetism of hydrogels rich in groups containing carbon–oxygen double bonds, including alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyacrylamide and N -isopropyl acrylamide. Both experiments and computations reveal that the ubiquitous presence of net magnetic moments, the key to paramagnetism, is induced by the unexpected coupling of a single calcium cation and one carbonyl group under large calcium cation excess conditions. The paramagnetic phenomenon is also observed in the endogenous biomolecule sodium hyaluronate with calcium cations. We further demonstrate the applications of the strongly paramagnetic alginate-calcium hydrogel as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging and a carrier in magnetic drug delivery. Our findings provide insights into the origin of magnetism and advance magnetism-related biomedical innovations.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 15.7
Xiao Hongbin,Cui Enhao,Wang Junfang,Liu Tianhua,Wei Xiaofang,Huang Junjie,Abdel-Shakour Muhammad,Li Jie,Wang Chunru,Zhu Zonglong,Meng Xiangyue
Modulating hot carrier dynamics is crucial in tin halide perovskite photovoltaics, particularly under indoor illumination with limited photon flux. Herein, a fullerene derivative bearing four piperazine groups (denoted as TPPC) is synthesized to engineer the perovskite/C 60 interface. The TPPC molecule exhibits a dipole moment of 1.97 Debye, leading to enhanced adsorption energy on perovskite surface and robust interfacial interaction. The newly formed surface dipole optimizes the interfacial energy level alignment via a cascade gradient, enabling modulation of interfacial hot carrier dynamics. Consequently, TPPC-treated photovoltaic devices achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.49% and a maximum output power density ( P out ) of 64.1 μW cm -2 under white light-emitting diode illumination (3000 K, 1000 lux, 285 μW cm -2 ). Large-area (1.21 cm 2 ) devices attain a PCE of 17.94% (certified: 15.93%) and a maximum P out of 51.2 μW cm -2 under the same illumination conditions.
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