Materials Research Express
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2017
·Vol. 4
·期 8
·085009
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IF 1.068
Zongtang Liu,Chenggang Gu,Yongrong Bian,Xin Jiang,Yufeng Sun,Zhenghao Fei,Jingtao Dai
In this study, Fe/Ni bimetallic nanoparticles were supported on the attapulgite (A-Fe/Ni) to enhance the degradation reactivity of decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE209) in aqueous solution. The Fe/Ni nanoparticles were well distributed on the attapulgite surface with an average diameter of 20–40 nm. The removal percentage of BDE209 by A-Fe/Ni was 1.59 times higher than Fe/Ni nanoparticles alone because attapulgite could act as supporting material to disperse Fe/Ni nanoparticles and prevent Fe/Ni nanoparticles from aggregation. The degradation kinetics for BDE209 debromination by A-Fe/Ni could be well described by a pseudo-first-order model, and the debromination rate constant of BDE209 increased with increasing the dosage of A-Fe/Ni, water/THF ratio, and decreasing the initial BDE209 concentration and solution pH. The degradation products were identified using a third-order polynomial regression equation between the experimental and reference gas chromatography relative retention times. Stepwise debromination from n-bromo-DE to (n − 1)-bromo-DE was a possible pathway with bromines being substituted sequentially by hydrogen. The preferred elimination of bromines of BDE209 by A-Fe/Ni followed the debromination preference of para-Br > meta-Br > ortho-Br. The results provide evidences for understanding the debromination mechanism of polybrominated diphenyl ether by clay-supported Fe/Ni nanoparticles.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2016
·
IF 3.014
Silin Li,Hengyong Tu,Feng Li,Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar,Lijun Yu
In order to improve the performance of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), the effect of partial substitution of the transition metal M = Co, Cu, Fe and Mn for Ni in Nd 2 NiO 4+δ on the crystal chemistry, electrical conductivity , thermal stability, chemical reactivity with YSZ electrolyte and electrochemical performance has been systematically investigated. The electrochemical performances of the cathode materials are tested on planar NiO-YSZ anode-supported cells fabricated with YSZ as electrolyte in size of 50 mm × 50 mm. Compared to Nd 2 NiO 4+δ , each Nd 2 Ni 0.9 M 0.1 O 4+δ material shows a decrease in electrical conductivity and an increase in lattice volume, oxygen vacancy concentration and chemical reactivity with YSZ electrolyte. The cell with Nd 2 Ni 0.9 Co 0.1 O 4+δ cathode achieves the maximum power density of 530 mW cm −2 at 0.7 V at 800 °C. The cell with Nd 2 Ni 0.9 Cu 0.1 O 4+δ cathode is the most stable in short-term test. A small amount of B-site doping in Nd 2 NiO 4+δ does not cause any change in the cathode microstructure. The study demonstrates that a tradeoff between oxygen transport properties and electrical conductivity can be accomplished by appropriate selection of transition metal and level of cation B-site doping in Nd2NiO4+δ. Nd2Ni0.9M0.1O4+δ (M = Co, Cu) can be considered to be potential cathode materials in IT-SOFCs.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2017
·
IF 3.133
Ruirui Zhao,Jiaxing Liang,Jiajun Huang,Ruiyu Zeng,Jiafeng Zhang,Hongyu Chen,Guang Shi
Al 2 O 3 and AlPO 4 single-coated and double-coated LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 materials have been synthesized by a wet-coating method in this paper. XRD , XPS , SEM, TEM, DSC as well as electrochemical methods are employed to investigate the structure, surface properties, thermal stability as well as electrochemical properties . The obtained layers are homogenously coated on the particles and the coating thickness is around 20–30 nm, the surface compositions are analyzed by XPS in detail as well. Comparing with those single-coated or uncoated samples, the double-coated one exhibits more superior thermal stability as well as electrochemical properties. The possible reason is mainly due to the dense and uniform coating layer as well as the formation of Li 3 PO 4 and LiAlO 2 on the cathode surface. Based on these results, it seems that Al 2 O 3 and AlPO 4 double-coating is an efficient strategy in improving the properties of LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 materials, which can be also applied to other Ni-rich layered materials.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2016
·
IF 7.145
Yuan Pan,Yunqi Liu,Yan Lin,Chenguang Liu
The enhancement of catalytic performance of cobalt phosphide-based catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is still challenging. In this work, the doping effect of some transition metal (M = Fe, Ni, Cu) on the electrocatalytic performance of the M–Co2P/NCNTs (NCNTs, nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes) hybrid catalysts for the HER was studied systematically. The M–Co2P/NCNTs hybrid catalysts were synthesized via a simple in situ thermal decomposition process. A series of techniques, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, and N2 sorption were used to characterize the as-synthesized M–Co2P/NCNTs hybrid catalysts. Electrochemical measurements showed the catalytic performance according to the following order of Fe–Co2P/NCNTs > Ni–Co2P/NCNTs > Cu–Co2P/NCNTs, which can be ascribed to the difference of structure, morphology, and electronic property after doping. The doping of Fe atoms promote the growth of the [111] crystal plane, resulting in a large specific area and exposing more catalytic active sites. Meanwhile, the Feδ+ has the highest positive charge among all the M–Co2P/NCNTs hybrid catalysts after doping. All these changes can be used to contribute the highest electrocatalytic activity of the Fe–Co2P/NCNTs hybrid catalyst for HER. Furthermore, an optimal HER electrocatalytic activity was obtained by adjusting the doping ratio of Fe atoms. Our current research indicates that the doping of metal is also an important strategy to improve the electrocatalytic activity for the HER.
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PubMed
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2016
·
IF 4.803
Zhicai Xing,Dewen Wang,Qun Li,Abdullah M. Asiri,Xuping Sun
Earth-abundant Ni has emerged as an interesting catalytic material toward electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media, but developing high-performance Ni-integrated HER catalysts is still a big challenge. Herein, we describe the development of self-standing Ni-tungsten nitride heterostructure nanowires array on conductive carbon cloth (Ni-WN/CC) as a highly efficient 3D hydrogen-evolving cathode in 1.0 M KOH with catalytic activity outperforming most reported Pt-free HER catalysts. This Ni-WN/CC electrode exhibits a negligible onset overpotential and a Tafel slope of 71 mV dec −1 . It demands overpotentials of only 47, 70, and 155 mV to drive 10, 20, and 100 mA cm −2 , respectively, with its activity being maintained for 10 h. Such high hydrogen evolution activities are due to electrocatalytic synergistic effects of Ni and WN.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2016
·
IF 7.145
Hai-Bo Zhao,Zhi-Bing Fu,Hong-Bing Chen,Ming-Long Zhong,Chao-Yang Wang
Electromagnetic microwave absorption materials have attracted a great deal of attention. Foams for the low density and tunable porosity are considered as ideal microwave absorbents, while with the requirement of improving their inherent electromagnetic properties. In this manuscript, an innovative, easy, and green method was presented to synthesize an electromagnetic functionalized Ni/carbon foam, in which the formation of Ni nanoparticles and carbon occurred simultaneously from an affordable alginate/Ni2+ foam precursor. The resultant Ni/carbon foam had a low density (0.1 g/cm–3) and high Ni nanoparticles loading (42 wt %). These Ni nanoparticles with a diameter of about 50–100 nm were highly crystallized and evenly embedded in porous graphite carbon without aggregation. Also, the resultant foam had a high surface area (451 m2 g–1) and porosity and showed a moderate conductivity (6 S/m) and significant magnetism. Due to these special characteristics, the Ni/carbon foam exhibited greatly enhanced microwave absorption ability. Only with 10 wt % of functional fillers being used in the test template, the Ni/carbon foam based composite could reach an effective absorption bandwidth (below −10 dB) of 4.5 GHz and the minimum reflection value of −45 dB at 13.3 GHz with a thickness of 2 mm, while the traditional carbon foam and nano-Ni powder both showed very weak microwave absorption (the minimum reflection value < –10 dB). This foam was demonstrated to be a lightweight, high performance, and low filler loading microwave absorbing material. Furthermore, the detailed absorption mechanism of the foam was investigated. The result showed that the derived strong dielectric loss, including conductivity loss, interface polarization loss, weak magnetic loss, and naoporosity, contributes a great electromagnetic absorption.
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PubMed
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2016
·
IF 0
Jian Long,Xubiao Luo,Xiaocui Yin,Xing Wu
An unfamiliar functional monomer 2-(Allylmercapto) nicotinic acid (ANA), which contains both N and S groups that have a strong coordinating ability with nickel ions, is used for imprinting Ni(II). The obtained Ni(II) ion-imprinted polymer (Ni-IIP) shows a fast uptake ability for the removal of Ni(II), and its adsorption equilibrium time is less than 20 min. The maximum Ni(II) adsorption capacity of Ni-IIP is found to be 38.85 mg/g, that is, more than double that of non-imprinted polymer (Ni-NIP) (18.38 mg/g), at a temperature of 30 °C and optimum pH of 6. Additionally, the adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process according to the obtained thermodynamic parameters. Besides, Ni-IIP shows excellent selectivity factors of 33.63, 219.59, 4.23, 16.89 and 32.74 for Ni 2+ /Zn 2+ , Ni 2+ /Mg 2+ , Ni 2+ /Co 2+ , Ni 2+ /Cd 2+ and Ni 2+ /Cu 2+ , respectively. Moreover, the Ni-IIP used is stable because the adsorption capacity is 82.7% of the initial saturation binding capacity up to the 5th cycle. Most notably, the application of Ni-IIP in wastewater samples shows a high removal efficiency for Ni(II) of more than 93.4%. The results indicate that the Ni-IIP is an effective adsorption material, allowing for the selective removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solutions at high efficiency.
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Plasma Processes and Polymers
·
2016
·Vol. 14
·期 6
·1600076
·
IF 2.713
Danhua Mei,Bryony Ashford,Ya-Ling He,Xin Tu
In this study, plasma-catalytic reforming of simulated biogas for the production of value-added fuels and chemicals (e.g., H 2 ) has been carried out in a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor. The influence of four Ni catalysts (Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 , Ni/MgO, Ni/SiO 2 , and Ni/TiO 2 ) on the plasma-catalytic biogas reforming has been investigated in terms of the conversion of reactants, the yield and selectivity of target products, the carbon deposition on the catalysts, and the energy efficiency of the plasma-catalytic process. The use of plasma combined with these Ni catalysts enhanced the performance of the biogas reforming. A maximum CO 2 conversion of 26.2% and CH 4 conversion of 44.1% were achieved when using the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst at a specific energy density (SED) of 72 kJ l −1 . Compared to other Ni catalysts, placing the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst in the DBD produced more syngas and C 3 C 4 hydrocarbons, but less C 2 H 6 . The lowest energy cost (EC) for biogas conversion and syngas production, as well as the highest energy efficiency and fuel production efficiency (FPE), were achieved when using the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst in the plasma process. The Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst also showed the lowest surface carbon deposition of 3.8%, after catalysing the plasma biogas reforming process for 150 min at a SED of 60 kJ l −1 . Compared to other Ni catalysts, the enhanced performance of the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst can be attributed to its higher specific surface area, higher reducibility and more, stronger basic sites on the catalyst surface.
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JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
·
2014
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·1-9
·
IF 2.278
Cui Hongtao,Xue Junying,Ren Wanzhong,Wang Minmin
In this work, β-Ni(OH) 2 monolayer nanosheets were prepared in benzyl alcohol by a facile exfoliation-free sol–gel route. The hydrolysis reaction of metal ions was started with the ring-opening reaction of epoxide. The in situ modification of benzyl alcohol molecules on the surface of secondary growth unit of hydroxide allowed the formation of β-Ni(OH) 2 monolayer nanosheets and 100 % monolayer state of β-Ni(OH) 2 in the resultant suspension. As proven in the electrochemical measurement, the maximum specific capacitance of 1735 F g −1 was obtained at scan rate of 5 mV s −1 within potential window of 0.6 V in 6 mol l −1 KOH aqueous solution, which is equal to the theoretical value of β-Ni(OH) 2 . This high electrochemical performance is attributed to the complete exposure of every structure unit of β-Ni(OH) 2 to electrolyte. This work demonstrates that monolayer nanosheets can generate from the brucite-type nickel hydroxide through this bottom-up strategy although it had been theoretically considered to be impossible.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2012
·
IF 0.826
Huiling CHEN,Shuanjin WANG,Min XIAO,Dongmei HAN,Yixin LU,Yuezhong MENG
The 0.4 nm molecular sieve supported Cu-Ni bimetal catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO 2 and CH 3 OH were prepared and investigated. The synthesized catalysts were fully characterized by BET, XRD (X-ray diffraction), TPR (temperature programmed reduction), IR (infra-red adsorption), NH 3 -TPD (temperature programmed desorption) and CO 2 -TPD (temperature programmed desorption) techniques. The results showed that the surface area of catalysts decreased with increasing metal content, and the metals as well as Cu-Ni alloy co-existed on the reduced catalyst surface. There existed interaction between metal and carrier, and moreover, metal particles affected obviously the acidity and basicity of carrier. The large amount of basic sites facilitated the activation of methanol to methoxyl species and their subsequent reaction with activated carbon dioxide. The catalysts were evaluated in a continuous tubular fixed-bed micro-gaseous reactor and the catalyst with bimetal loading of 20% (by mass) had best catalytic activities. Under the conditions of 393 K, 1.1 MPa, 5 h and gas space velocity of 510 h −1 , the selectivity and yield of DMC were higher than 86.0 % and 5.0 %, respectively.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2015
·
IF 4.321
Chen Sun,Zimo Lou,Yu Liu,Ruiqi Fu,Xiaoxin Zhou,Zhen Zhang,Shams Ali Baig,Xinhua Xu
In this study, nanosized titanium nitride (nTiN) doped palladium/nickel (Pd/Ni) foam electrodes were prepared via electroless deposition method for the dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Characterization analyses including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that nTiN was successfully doped onto the electrode surface. 2,4-D was first dechlorinated to intermediate products p -chlorophenoxyacetic acid ( p -CPA) or o -chlorophenoxyacetic acid ( o -CPA) and then to the final product, phenoxyacetic acid (PA). The effects of environmental factors including initial 2,4-D concentration, current density, reaction temperature and dissolved anions were also studied. High initial 2,4-D concentration increased the efficient utilization of active hydrogen atom [H] by nTiN doped Pd/Ni foam electrodes. Increases in current density promoted better dechlorination efficiency while the hydrogen evolution side reaction was undesirably increased, leading to a lower average current efficiency. Higher reaction temperature was proved to be favorable for the enhancement of dechlorination efficiency. NO 3 − and reduced sulfur compounds including S 2− and SO 3 2− showed negative impacts on Pd catalytic capability, whereas CO 3 2− and Cl − exhibited less adverse effects on dechlorination efficiency. The activation energy ( E a) value of 2,4-D dechlorination by nTiN doped Pd/Ni foam electrode was calculated to be 32.06 kJ mol −1 . Two typical stages namely electrode activation and efficient dechlorination procedures occurred in 2,4-D dechlorination by nTiN doped Pd/Ni foam electrodes. The reaction paths of [H] on the electrode were also summarized. The removal efficiency of 2,4-D dechlorination on nTiN doped Pd/Ni foam electrodes was observed to slightly decrease from 100% to 89.95% after 5 consecutive experiments.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2015
·
IF 1.998
Xiaogang Guo,Xueming Li,Hongru Li,Daixiong Zhang,Chuan Lai,Wulin Li
In this study, the nano-Al/Ni energetic composite coatings (ANECCs) have been successfully fabricated by the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method at the room temperature and normal pressure. Isopropyl alcohol is demonstrated to act as the suitable dispersion agent for the EPD. The SEM and EDS results show that the obtained ANECCs are relatively smooth and evenly distributed. Both the phase constitution and exothermic behavior of the ANECCs are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis at the same while. In addition, the kinetics of the nanoparticles during the EPD process are investigated in detail. The exothermic performance of products studies show that the ANECCs prepared by EPD exhibit the great combustion performance and thermodynamic properties. Furthermore, the combustion processes of samples are recorded and analyzed by the high-speed photography. This work demonstrates that EPD method is a facile and effective approach in the preparation of Al/Ni energetic coatings with the widespread application.
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