Nature Communications
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2026
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IF 15.7
Lu Yuyao,Jin Ziguan,Sheng Qincheng,Kong Depeng,Miao Chuyang,Wu Hui,Pang Gaoyang,Xie Haibo,Xie Linghai,Yang Geng,Zou Jun,Yang Huayong,Huang Wei,Xu Kaichen
Electronic skin (E-skin) with multifunctionality and large-scale features is highly desirable for human-machine interactions and wearable health monitoring. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) affords such devices with tailorable physical and chemical properties. However, relatively high Young’s modulus of precursors that derive LIG hinders its application scenarios. Here, we report a universal cryogenic transfer approach for LIG via regulating the glass transition temperature or freezing point of the transfer media. The thermal expansion-induced interlocking, ease of interfacial separation and strong electrostatic interactions within the multiple graphene layers explain the transfer mechanisms. This contributes to the high-quality transfer of LIG onto elastomers, hydrogels and fabrics infused with various fluids. The thickness of typical elastomer can be down to 6.7 μm with its Young’s modulus ranging from 4.5 MPa to 3.9 kPa. Using this transfer technique, we create large-scale and double-layer E-skins integrated on a humanoid robot face, achieving emotional interactions with humans. The proposed strategy for merging LIG with broad categories of media affords on-demand designs of wearable and implantable electronics.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.9
Yang Lanlan,Huang Dan,Liu Guoxiang,Wu Yihui
The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) has garnered significant attention as a promising alternative to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for water electrolysis, owing to its superior kinetic properties that enable enhanced hydrogen production efficiency. However, the practical deployment of UOR technology remains hindered by the persistent challenge of developing electrocatalysts that simultaneously achieve high activity, long-term operational stability, and cost-effectiveness. Herein, we report a facile, eco-friendly, one-step synthesis process to fabricate nickel–tin electrocatalyst (Ni–Sn) on Ni foam for catalyzing UOR via electrodeposition, using SnCl 2 ·2H 2 O and NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O as the Sn and Ni sources, respectively. Notably, the Ni–Sn electrocatalyst with a Ni/Sn ratio (90.39:8.61 at%) exhibits remarkable UOR activity, delivering a low potential of 1.493 V versus RHE to reach 10 mA·cm −2 , a small Tafel slope of 83.5 mV·dec −1 , and excellent stability with minimal decay after 100 h of continuous operation in alkaline urea electrolyte (1.0 M KOH + 0.33 M urea). The excellent activity of the Ni–Sn electrocatalyst for UOR benefits from the synergistic interaction between Ni and Sn, which modulates the electronic structure and accelerates charge transfer kinetics, thereby significantly enhancing reaction dynamics. Furthermore, the intrinsic superhydrophilicity of the Ni–Sn catalyst promotes efficient mass transport of reactants and products, contributing to its superior bifunctional catalytic performance for UOR.
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JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
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2026
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IF 3.1
Fu Chenchao,Zhang Run,Liu Mingfei,Hua Zetian,Jiang Lin,Xue Ping,Cai Jianchen,Jiang Jinyun
The temperature rise caused by shear action during melting for high molecular polymer is widespread and difficult to control, especially for the co-rotating twin-screw extrusion (CRTSE) process. Considering the very small gap between the screw and the barrel, it is difficult to in-line measure and control the value of materials’ temperature along the extrusion direction. Consequently, a co-rotating twin-rotor mixing apparatus with a high-precision temperature sensor is employed to explore the temperature variation of polyethylene (PE) with different average molecular weights (M w ) from solid to melt, similar with the CRTSE process, but the material will not be conveyed forward. The experiment’s result indicates that a higher rotor speed and a lower meshing clearance result in a higher temperature rise. Meanwhile, unexpectedly, an interesting experimental phenomenon is observed: the temperature rise caused by shear action in high-viscosity PE increases with the rotor speed, while it enlarges initially and then stabilizes in low-viscosity PE as the increased rotor speed. Therefore, it is speculated that the temperature rise during the processing strongly depends on the viscosity. Simulation studies based on Ludovic software by actively varying the consistency index and power-law exponent confirm the correctness of the experimental conjecture under a wider screw speed and viscosity range. This study has theoretical and practical implications for a deeper understanding of the temperature rise caused by shear action in polymeric materials during extrusion.
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Scientific Reports
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2026
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IF 3.9
Liu Xingyu,Wu Jiachao,Zhang Jizhe,Zhao Peng,Momanyi Nyachieo Kennedy,Zhou Zhixiong,Jiang Wen,Xie Yong,Liu Limin
Silica aerogel granules possess low thermal conductivity and inherent hydrophobicity; however, the influence of granule size on thermal insulation performance has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, silica aerogel granules with controlled sizes (0.04–3.33 mm) were prepared by mechanical or jet grinding, and a parallel thermal resistance network model was established to predict the effective thermal conductivity measured using the heat flow meter method. The results indicate that granules with an average diameter of 0.61 mm achieved the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.0173 W·m − 1 ·K − 1 . This optimal performance originates from a balance between solid-phase conduction (reduced contact points) and gas-phase conduction (relatively compact packing density). COMSOL simulations further demonstrated that applying this material in a 2 km U-shaped geothermal well maintained the outlet fluid temperature at 99.38 °C. In addition, the intrinsically low density of the aerogel reduces the self-weight of the pipeline, thereby alleviating mechanical fatigue in long-distance transportation systems. This study provides an experimentally supported framework for understanding heat-transfer mechanisms in granular aerogel systems and offers guidance for improving the design and application of silica aerogels in geothermal and petroleum energy infrastructures.
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Nature Communications
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2026
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IF 15.7
Shen Shiji,Wu Zhenduo,Liu Xiaoye,Lan Si,Wang Chengwei
With increasingly stringent application environments, there is a growing demand for designing and fabricating of promising structural materials. Conventional metallurgical methods typically struggle to produce positive mixing enthalpy alloys with uniform microstructures and consistent properties due to mutual immiscibility and uncontrollable segregation during solidification. To this end, we employ a bottom-up approach to fabricate Cu-50 vol% Fe 55 Cr 25 Mo 16 B 2 C 2 positive mixing enthalpy composites, utilizing ultrafast high-temperature sintering and instantaneous quenching. The method effectively prevents liquid segregation during the molten state and allows precise control over the size and distribution of the two phases. In addition, incorporated metallic glass particles as the hard phase additives, which can quickly form the localized multi-phase nanocrystals and establish a robust interlocking structure with pure copper during rapid sintering. Upon rapid quenching, the two phases solidify with a tight and conformal interface, while the elemental cross-diffusion and phase separation are mitigated. The mechanical tensile strength of the resulting composite is approximately 8 times greater than that of pure Cu. The wear resistance improves by 40-50 times, and the Vickers hardness increases by a factor of 10. The innovative sintering method provides a feasible pathway for developing and manufacturing of positive mixing enthalpy composite materials.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
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2026
·Vol. 193
·期 2
·75
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IF 5.3
Chen Jia,Ma Yuan,Xiang Juan
Phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in neurodegenerative diseases, and the ratio of phosphorylated neurofilament light chains (pNfL) to total neurofilament light chains (tNfL) (pNfL/tNfL) has emerged as a promising biomarker. Detecting serum pNfL/tNfL remains challenging due to the extremely low abundance of pNfL. Effective detection requires spatial differentiation between protein capture sites, recognition sites, and post‑translational modification sites, together with precise spatial compatibility among multiple signal amplification sources to simultaneously identify proteins and their phosphorylation states. In this study, we systematically analyzed the structure of pNfL to identify optimal capture and recognition sites with distinct spatial localization. Systematic evaluation demonstrated that matching the size of signal amplification particles to the target protein significantly enhances sensor performance. By optimizing particle size, signals of pNfL and tNfL were amplified using 2 nm carbon dots loaded with Cu 2+ /Ti 4+ and an antibody–horseradish peroxidase complex, respectively. Coupled with an interface–solution dual‑pathway amplification strategy, this approach enabled convenient one‑step dual-signal electrochemical quantification of pNfL/tNfL. The developed sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility, with dynamic ranges of 0.2–20 pg·mL − 1 for both tNfL and pNfL. Preliminary serum analysis suggested that the pNfL/tNfL ratio provide improved discriminatory capability between neurodegenerative conditions, non-neurodegenerative brain injury, and healthy controls. Notably, the pNfL/tNfL ratio showed improved specificity compared to individual tNfL or pNfL measurements in this exploratory cohort. This work introduces a novel spatial design strategy that integrates particle size optimization with dual-pathway amplification, representing the first one-step dual-signal electrochemical platform capable of simultaneously quantifying total and phosphorylated neurofilament light chains in serum.
Section
Graphical
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CELLULAR ONCOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 49
·期 1
·21
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IF 4.8
Cao Xuejun,Li Yishen,Guo Bin,Liu Yan,Wang Baoshuai,Wang Hao,Lu Jingbo,Wei Libin,Gao Yuan,Guo Yongjian,Wu Tao
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Identifying effective therapeutic targets and developing corresponding drugs remain unmet clinical needs. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the expression and role of VCP in GBM, as well as the anti-GBM activity and underlying mechanisms of V8, a wogonin-derived small molecule. Methods The expression of VCP in GBM cells and its correlation with glioma malignancy were analyzed. The binding of V8 to VCP was verified, and the effects of V8 on VCP function, cellular proteostasis, mitochondrial status, mitophagy process, and lysosomal integrity were evaluated to clarify its anti-GBM mechanisms. Results VCP is highly expressed in GBM cells and correlates with glioma malignancy. V8 exerts anti-GBM activity by binding to the D1 domain of VCP, with dual mechanisms of action: (1) Aggresome-mediated proteostatic crisis: V8 immobilizes VCP, triggers protein aggregates in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, and induces mitochondrial injury; (2) Disruption of mitophagy flux: VCP inhibition-induced damaged mitochondria recruit mitophagy receptors (BNIP3/P62/TAX1BP1) to initiate mitophagy, and VCP directly interacts with PRKN to promote mitophagy initiation. However, V8 concurrently impairs lysosomal integrity, thereby obstructing mitophagy flux and ultimately leading to GBM cell death. Additionally, VCP was found to not only maintain mitochondrial proteostasis but also preserve lysosomal integrity to facilitate the clearance of damaged mitochondria via mitophagy. Conclusion Targeting VCP with inhibitors such as V8 induces mitochondrial dysfunction, effectively suppresses GBM cell viability, and holds potential for GBM therapy. VCP may serve as a promising therapeutic target for GBM.
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Environmental Earth Sciences
·
2026
·Vol. 85
·期 2
·46
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IF 2.8
Yang Qingwen,Guo Feng,Pei Xiangjun,Cui Shenghua,Chen Zhi
The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of precipitation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau has significantly delayed the natural recovery of alpine desertified grasslands, sometimes leading to irreversible degradation. Amphiphilic hydrogels, as novel soil stabilization materials, demonstrate considerable potential for vegetation restoration due to their ability to improve soil structure and regulate moisture. This study investigated the effects of an independently developed amphiphilic hydrogel on the improvement of sandy soil and the growth of five pioneer herbaceous species (alfalfa, Astragalus adsurgens , oats, tall fescue, and ryegrass) across a concentration gradient (0%-1% w/w). The primary mechanism by which the hydrogel operated was to postpone the onset of drought stress by markedly enhancing soil water retention. This delayed soil drying meant that at the same point in time, plants in hydrogel-treated soils experienced less intense water deficit than those in untreated controls. Consequently, application at the optimal concentration range of 0.5%-0.75% sustained plant growth and physiological function, mitigated oxidative stress, and slowed the wilting process. Legumes ( Astragalus adsurgens and alfalfa) exhibited higher inherent drought tolerance than gramineous species. This study clarified how amphiphilic hydrogels enhance plant drought adaptation primarily by modulating the soil water environment and delaying drought stress. It provides a quantitative, technically viable strategy based on the synergistic regulation of the “material-soil-plant” system for ecological restoration in alpine sandy lands.
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NATURE
·
2026
·Vol. 649
·期 8096
·366-374
·
IF 48.5
Lan Yuqun,Li Shuang,Guo Haitao,Liu Qinyuan,Wang Tairan,Zhou Lianqiao,Fang Jiahuiyu,Zhao Yang,Zhou Zanxin,Wang Qi,Li Jing,Zhu Yiping,Su Rongfang,Wen Xinyi,Xu Xinkai,Wu Yuhong,Wang Zixuan,Liu Bo,Li Jiaqi,Li Hui,Gao Hanfei,Wu Yuchen,Gu Qi,Feng Xi-Qiao,Yu Xinge,Su Yewang
Monitoring internal physiological signals is essential for effective medical care 1 , yet most current technologies rely on external measurements or imaging systems that cannot capture enough deep-tissue dynamics 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 . Implantable devices offer a solution, but conventional designs often require batteries or magnets 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , which carry risks during removal, and existing biodegradable sensors based on passive inductor–capacitor circuits are limited by short readout distances and unstable communication issues 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 . Here we describe a soft, biodegradable, wireless sensing device that can monitor pressure, temperature and strain over long distances (up to 16 cm), maintaining accuracy across varying positions and angles. This is achieved through a ‘pole-moving sweeping’ readout system combined with a folded structure that integrates mechanical flexibility with electromagnetic function. In vivo tests in the abdominal cavity of horses reliably captured deep-tissue pressure and temperature, and ex vivo measurements demonstrated accurate strain monitoring without strict positional control. The long-distance and wide-angle readout of soft biodegradable implants holds translational promise for accessing deep-tissue physiological signals.
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Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2016
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 2.584
Han Shuai,Tang Yu,Guo Haijun,Qin Shenjun,Wu Jiang
The lanthanide-functionalized multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles combining the superparamagnetic core and the luminescent europium complex were successfully designed and assembled via layer-by-layer strategy in this work. It is noted that the hybrid nanoparticles were modified by a hydrophilic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) through hydrogen bonding which bestowed excellent hydrophilicity and biocompatibility on this material. A bright-red luminescence was observed by fluorescence microscopy, revealing that these magnetic-luminescent nanoparticles were both colloidally and chemically stable in PBS solution. Therefore, the nanocomposite with magnetic resonance response and fluorescence probe property is considered to be of great potential in multi-modal bioimaging and diagnostic applications.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
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2026
·Vol. 33
·期 4
·140
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IF 3.5
Wang Ziyu,Wu Ranran,He Yanyang,Hu Yufang,Wang Sui,Mao Jie
Addressing the critical challenge of balancing mechanical robustness and electrical conductivity in hydrogels for wearable sensors, this study proposes a synergistic processing strategy that integrates freeze-thaw cycling, thermal annealing, and the Hofmeister effect-induced salting. A ternary composite hydrogel was prepared with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the matrix, polyethyleneimine (PEI) to enhance crosslinking and biocompatibility, and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) to improve conductivity. The optimized freeze-thawing-annealing (100 °C, 20 min) and salting-out (1.5 M NaCl) process resulted in a densely cross-linked network featuring significantly enhanced crystallinity and a homogeneous, pore-free microstructure. This hierarchical structure confers upon the hydrogel outstanding mechanical properties: tensile strength of 4.15 MPa, toughness of 17.73 MJ/m 3 , elastic modulus of 2.84 MPa, and a high fatigue threshold of 117.4 J/m 2 . Simultaneously, the electrical conductivity of the hydrogel reached 0.449 S/m. The hydrogel demonstrated excellent strain/pressure sensing capabilities, featuring tunable gauge factors (GF = 0.87–2.12 within the 0-100% strain range) and pressure sensitivity (0.145 kPa -1 below 2 kPa). The practical applicability of the hydrogel was verified by reliably monitoring various human motions in real-time. This research offers a scalable and effective material design strategy for next-generation flexible electronics.
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BMC Nephrology
·
2025
·
IF 2.4
Chen Wenjie,Hou Suyue,Hu Jijia
Background This study investigates the molecular mechanisms by which di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP)-induced diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Methods Differential expression analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis were used to identify DKD-associated targets. Machine learning, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and public databases were integrated to explore the interaction between DBP/MnBP and target proteins. Results Six core genes were identified: DUSP1 , PTGS2 , FOSB , GDF15 , NR4A1 , and CXCR2 . Among these, DUSP1 and FOSB showed excellent performance in single-gene ROC curves, box plots, public databases, and molecular docking. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated a stable binding affinity between DBP/MnBP and the target proteins. Conclusion This research suggests that DBP/MnBP may promote DKD by targeting these six core genes. The binding capacity and stability of DBP/MnBP with these genes were confirmed by machine learning, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. These findings provide a direction for future in-depth research on the DBP/MnBP-induced DKD mechanism.
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