Nature Communications
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2026
·
IF 18.1
Chu Zhaoyou,Liang Jun,Wu Yayun,Fu Wanyue,Xu Ling,Zhang Hanqing,Wang Jiyang,Shao Min,Qian Haisheng
Currently, broad-spectrum carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infectious pneumonia remains clinically difficult to treat. This study develops inhalable microspheres (SCM) loaded with meropenem (MEM), fabricated via microfluidics by cross-linking sodium alginate with Co 2+ , for synergistic therapy against drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia. The core discovery lies in Co 2+ ’s dual mechanism of action, which addresses both metallo- and serine-mediated carbapenem resistance. Co 2+ irreversibly inhibits NDM-1 by displacing its active-site Zn 2+ to restore MEM’s bactericidal effect. For KPC-2-producing CRKP, Co 2+ disrupts bacterial iron/sulfur metabolism, induces energy crisis and nutrient starvation, and reprograms bacterial metabolism toward inefficient fermentation. SCM shows potent in vitro activity against target strains and anti-biofilm capacity. In mouse models, treatment with inhaled SCM reduces bacterial levels in the lungs, improves survival rates, and lessens inflammatory damage. It also regulates the immune response in the lungs. Specifically, this therapy prevents the excessive migration of neutrophils to the lungs, inhibits excessive M1 polarization of macrophages and promotes their conversion to the M2 phenotype, while reverses T-cell exhaustion and maintains the homeostasis of NK cells. Transcriptome analysis confirms reversed infection-induced dysregulation and enhanced genes related to tissue repair. This work clarifies Co 2+ ’s dual role (both an enzyme inhibitor and a metabolic disruptor) and provides an inhalable co-delivery strategy for CRKP.
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npj Science of Food
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2026
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IF 9.7
Yang Zhenglei,Wu Yangmeixue,Liu Jun,Yang Yang,Fu Shuang,Hu Hongbo,Yin Shutao
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for human health; however, the efficient conversion of inorganic Se into organic forms remains challenging. Microalgae have emerged as promising platforms for sustainable production of functional food ingredients due to their rapid growth, metabolic versatility, and capacity to accumulate bioactive compounds. Here, Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa ZC-1006 was evaluated as a heterotrophic platform for producing Se-enriched biomass. The most favorable heterotrophic conditions within the tested ranges were 15 g/L glucose, 2 g/L urea, an initial pH of 6.0, and cultivation at 31 °C. Supplementation with 5 mg/L sodium selenite (Na 2 SeO 3 ) provided a favorable balance between biomass accumulation and Se enrichment, yielding 108.74 mg/kg total Se on a dry weight (DW) basis. Ion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC–ICP-MS) analysis showed that organic Se accounted for 95.97% of the measured Se, with selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocystine (SeCys 2 ) as the predominant identified species. Independent fermentation experiments conducted in 5 L and 3000 L systems further supported the technical feasibility of producing Se-enriched ZC-1006 biomass under the tested conditions. Transcriptomic analysis identified Se-associated expression changes in pathways related to sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and antioxidant defense, while quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) supported selected transcript-level trends. These findings support A. pyrenoidosa ZC-1006 as a candidate platform for producing Se-enriched biomass, and the resulting biomass as a promising food-oriented ingredient for future food product development.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
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2026
·Vol. 193
·期 9
·614
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IF 5.4
Xiao Hongping,Wang Xinying,Xue Siqi,Wu Zhongyuan,Huang Rongjun,Fan Min,Chen Yuanmei,Feng Shangyuan
Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) a magnetic enrichment–assisted core–satellite surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensor for ultrasensitive squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) detection is reported. Magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with SCCA capture antibodies act as enrichment cores, while 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA)–encoded Au@Ag core–shell nanoparticles conjugated with SCCA detection antibodies serve as SERS satellites. Target-mediated sandwich immunorecognition induces a dynamically assembled core–satellite structure, bringing plasmonic nanogaps into close proximity and generating reproducible electromagnetic hot spots for signal amplification. Magnetic pre-enrichment and controlled assembly help reduce nonspecific protein interference in serum and contribute to stable signal generation. The biosensor exhibited a monotonic concentration-dependent Raman response over the range of 1 fg/mL to 10¹¹ fg/mL and achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 60.0 fg/mL. Quantitative determination of serum samples was performed using an independently established matrix-matched calibration curve. The platform was further validated using real human serum samples from early-stage lung SqCC patients ( n = 8) and healthy controls ( n = 8), showing higher SCCA concentrations in patient samples than in healthy controls and clear discrimination between the two groups. Overall, the proposed magnetic enrichment–assisted core–satellite SERS immunoassay provides a robust analytical strategy for sensitive SCCA quantification in complex serum matrices. Graphical abstract
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
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2026
·Vol. 237
·期 20
·1157
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IF 3.5
Zhou Qihua,Wang Chenyang,Xu Simin,Duan Ziyi,Fu Tiantian,Ding Zhonghai,Li Na
Pomegranate peel, a by-product of pomegranate fruit processing, is frequently discarded in substantial quantities. This agricultural waste contains an exceptionally high concentration of natural polyphenols, distinguished by abundant hydroxyl groups possessing dual hydrogen-bond donating and accepting capabilities. However, research on the fabrication of hydrogels from pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPP) for organic dye removal applications remains limited. In this research, polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) hydrogel was first synthesized through freeze–thaw cycles, and subsequently soaked in an aqueous PPP solution to fabricate the PVA/CMC/PPP composite hydrogel. We employed Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and simultaneous thermal analyzer for hydrogel characterization. Our findings revealed a porous structure in the hydrogel, with PPP immersion enhancing its pore configuration and thermal stability. Swelling tests further revealed that PPP reduced the degree of hydrogel swelling. The combined action of PPP and the PVA/CMC hydrogel augmented the adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB). The adsorption of MB conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model, and its kinetic behavior aligned more closely with the pseudo-second-order model. The PVA/CMC/PPP hydrogel preserved superior MB removal capability even after five cycling operations. Thus, the formulated PVA/CMC/PPP hydrogel holds promise as a promising candidate for organic dye extraction from water.
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Communications Materials
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2026
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IF 9.1
Li Qinghua,Gao Tianfu,Rao Xinhao,Ren Zhelei,Duan Haodi,Xie Xiaomin,Liao Jiaxin,Xue Shuwen,Xu Bin,Jin Xiao,Zhao Weifeng,Bai Jinke
Translating advanced luminescent materials into field-deployable screening tools remains a core challenge, demanding synergy between advanced optical materials and device engineering. Here, we demonstrate a portable dual-mode near-infrared semi-quantitative screening device. the luminescence performance of the core emitting materials, specifically lead-free Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped Cs₂NaYCl₆ double perovskite phosphors, was first optimized through a machine-learning (ML) guided approach. Subsequently, these optimized phosphors were integrated to enable the device. Specifically, the Nd³⁺-doped emitter targets the 885 nm characteristic absorption band of alcohol while exhibiting anomalous thermal quenching, whereas the Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺ variant leverages 78.66% energy transfer efficiency to yield stable 985 nm emission (70% retention at 500 K) matching the characteristic absorption band of water. These optimized phosphor-converted LEDs were integrated into a compact detector featuring a coaxial dual-disc stepper mechanism and a customized three-stage circuit that amplifies faint optical signals into a five-level visual indicator. This configuration enables rapid screening of alcohol (30–60%) and water content (45–100%). Validated on commercial samples, this work establishes a holistic platform bridging high-precision instrumentation and real-world portability.
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NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 44.5
Wu Zhiguang,Sun Zhengyang,Jiang Shuangying,Wang Yaqi,Bai Tanxi,Zeng Cheng,Cai Zelin,Su Chenghao,Zhang Xiandi,Chen Yunan,Shen Yue,Zhu Chenyou,Xiang Ye,Fang Fang,Xia Ninuo,Liu Dongsheng,Dai Junbiao,Wei Bryan
The limitations of DNA synthesis technologies are a fundamental bottleneck in synthetic biology. Here we present a high-throughput gene synthesis method driven by hybridization, called Molecular Self-Assembly Induced Cloning. Molecular Self-Assembly Induced Cloning overcomes molecular crosstalk and oligo misalignment across genes by coupling orthogonal self-assembly of overlapping DNA segments in vitro with the DNA repair machineries of host cells in vivo. Cellular uptake of the assembled target fragments serves as templates for recovery and cloning. We adopt microchip-based oligonucleotide synthesis, enabling the production of over 1,000 distinct gene fragments in a simple one-pot reaction. Near-zero misalignment is an indispensable feature of the parallel synthesis, with oligo synthesis errors remaining at a constant but controllable level. We also construct massive variant libraries of the industrial enzyme PETase and discover higher-potency variants than the gold standard enzyme.
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CELL AND TISSUE BANKING
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2026
·Vol. 27
·期 3
·45
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IF 2.3
Yuan Yijun,Luo Xiaojing,Tang Longyu,He Tianwen,Zou Xinru,Feng Lu,Su Bin,Wu Jia,Li Jun,Xiao Dongqin
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with high mortality rates largely attributed to late-stage diagnosis, tumor heterogeneity, recurrence, and resistance to chemotherapy. Artesunate (ART), a water-soluble derivative traditionally used to treat malaria, has recently gained attention as a promising anticancer agent. Recently, studies have shown that ART can inhibit the migration and invasion of cancer cells. However, theses studies are always based on conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture models, which neglect the complex interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) or in vivo microenvironment. To address these challenges, in this study, honeycomb-like gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel microspheres as a three-dimensional (3D) culture platform were introduced to mimic the native ECM microenvironment and assess the effects of ART on ovarian cancer cells. The results showed that these GelMA microspheres exhibited a uniform and highly porous structure, which supported cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration. Notably, 3D culture promoted DNA synthesis and induced G1-to-S phase transition, indicating enhanced proliferative capacity. Furthermore, ovarian cancer cells cultured in 3D exhibited stronger invasive and chemoresistant phenotypes. RNA sequencing revealed that after ART treatment, tumor-related proliferation and invasion genes of ovarian cancer cells were significantly up-regulated under 3D culture compared with 2D culture. This might be related to the up-regulation of TNF signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and Pl3K-Akt signaling pathway. Correspondly, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer cells was markedly enhanced when cultured on GelMA hydrogel microspheres after ART treatment. These effects might be attributed to the altered microenvironment provided by the GelMA hydrogel microspheres, which could be responsible for the enhanced resistance of ovarian cancer cells to ART. These findings suggest that, compared to traditional 2D. These findings suggest that, compared to traditional 2D culture, the 3D extracellular matrix-based system better mimics the in vivo tumor architecture, thereby improving the sensitivity of anticancer drug screening and offering a more reliable platform for evaluating drug resistance and tumor cell heterogeneity.
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Marine Life Science & Technology
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2026
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IF 5.7
Cao Cheng,Ma Baofu,Show Pau Loke,Ngo Huu Hao,Fu Xiaozhe,Li Ningqiu,Zhou Jin
Marine phycotoxins produced by microalgae have traditionally been regarded as water pollutants or hazardous substances. Most studies have focused on their toxicity, with limited exploration of their therapeutic potential. In this study, we demonstrated that domoic acid (DA) exerts antiviral roles against largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV). Mechanistic analyses revealed that DA disrupts the extracellular structure of LMBV and inhibits intracellular viral assembly. This may be attributed to the ATP depletion caused by the suppression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. In vivo, DA treatment reduced fish mortality by 12.5% and significantly alleviated pathological lesions in splenic and telencephalic tissues, thereby further confirming its protective effect. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis of liver tissue showed that DA enhanced digestive enzyme activity and activated the complement immune response in LMBV-infected fish. This study uncovers previously unappreciated antiviral activity of marine phycotoxin–DA and elucidates its underlying mechanisms preliminary, laying a foundation for developing marine phycotoxins as antiviral lead compounds.
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Biology Direct
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2026
·Vol. 21
·期 1
·151
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IF 5.5
Dai Mugen,Wang Jianbo,Xu Qing,Shao Yixiu,Wang Han,Wu Xiaomeng,Pan Jundi,Ye Bin
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, and hepatic metastasis is a major cause of its poor clinical prognosis. The stemness regulator octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) drives the migration, invasion and metastasis of GC cells. As a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, Checkpoint with Forkhead-associated and RING finger domains (CHFR) has been identified as a key promoter of metastasis in advanced GC. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying CHFR-mediated modulation of GC metastasis remain unclear. Results This study systematically explored the biological functions and molecular mechanism of CHFR in GC via public data analysis, in vitro cell experiments and in vivo hepatic metastasis models. Functional assays revealed that CHFR overexpression enhanced the stemness and metastatic capacity of GC cells but inhibited cell proliferation. Mechanistically, CHFR stabilized OCT4 protein by blocking itchy E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (ITCH)-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of OCT4. Molecular docking predicted a direct interaction between CHFR and ITCH, and site mutation studies showed that their binding interface was essential for CHFR-induced OCT4 stabilization. DynaMut2 and FoldX mutagenesis confirmed Tyr530 (CHFR) and Thr222 (ITCH) as critical interfacial residues, whose alanine substitution weakened complex binding. Biochemical Co-IP ubiquitination assays verified CHFR targets ITCH for proteasomal degradation to suppress ITCH-dependent OCT4 breakdown. OCT4 knockdown rescue experiments further validated OCT4 as the essential downstream mediator of CHFR-induced glycolytic reprogramming, stemness and invasion in GC cells. Importantly, in vivo xenograft assays demonstrated that CHFR overexpression significantly promoted GC liver metastasis, whereas simultaneous overexpression of CHFR and ITCH reversed this metastatic phenotype. Conclusion CHFR enhances the stemness and metastatic progression of advanced GC cells by antagonizing ITCH-dependent OCT4 degradation, highlighting the CHFR/ITCH/OCT4 axis as a therapeutic target for GC treatment.
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Science China-Materials
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Li Yucheng,Li Kuan,Zeng Lingyong,Chen Rui,Qin Jingjun,Wang Shuangyue,Luo Huixia
Cubic A15-type superconducting alloys continue to fascinate the academic and industrial fields because they mainly support the largest market for low-temperature superconducting applications and show exotic physical properties. Medium-/high-entropy alloys (MEAs-HEAs) can be employed stably under extreme conditions due to their high mechanical hardness and excellent irradiation tolerance. Combining with the features of the A15-type superconductor and MEAs-HEAs, we design a series of previously unreported A15-type V 3 (Os 1−2 x Si x Ge x ) ( x = 0.333, 0.375, 0.425) MEA superconductors, which can be obtained by an arc melting method. Resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements indicate that all of them are type-II bulk superconductors. The superconducting transition temperature ( T c ) exhibits an upward trend with the systematic reduction of Os concentration. Additionally, the upper critical field of the V 3 (Os 0.333 Si 0.333 Ge 0.333 ) sample is larger than the Pauli limit, suggesting it may be robust against magnetic fields due to spin-orbit coupling induced by the heavy Os atoms. These findings not only advance our understanding of emergent phenomena in entropy-stabilized A15-type alloys but also expand the members of the new superconductors.
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Scientific Reports
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2026
·
IF 4.9
Wang Chengfeng,Wang Jianfeng,Lu Zebei,Wang Yu,Al Mamun Abdullah,Islam Md Siddiqul,Wang Shuanghu,Zhou Yunfang,Xu Minzhi
Abemaciclib is used for the treatment of breast cancer (BC) in clinics. The combination of abemaciclib and imperatorin or isoimperatorin has been studied in vitro and in vivo to explore the pharmacokinetics of Chinese herbs and anti-cancer medicines. Eighteen male SD rats were randomly allocated to three groups: control, isoimperatorin (50 mg/kg) and imperatorin (50 mg/kg). The concentration level of abemaciclib in the plasma was determined using the UPLC-MS/MS technique on rats. Molecular simulation docking with AutoDock 4.2 software and rat liver microsome incubation were utilized to analyze the inhibitory mechanisms. In this study, we found that co-administration of imperatorin and isoimperatorin resulted in higher AUC (0−∞) and C max values and lower CLz/F values ( p < 0.05). In addition, both imperatorin and isoimperatorion showed moderate inhibition for abemaciclib with IC 50 values of 6.79 µM and 6.56 µM, respectively. Intriguingly, we found that imperatorin, isoimperatorin and abemaciclib exhibit similar binding capacities with CYP3A4. Moreover, the results indicated that imperatorin and isoimperatorin significantly impaired the pharmacokinetics of abemaciclib in vivo. Therefore, our research suggests that the combination of abemaciclib and imperatorin or isoimperatorin should be considered more in clinical practice.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.6
Yu Jia-Xin,Yao Xin,Zheng Ru-Yu,Cong Huai-Ping
Hydrogel actuators with intrinsic softness, biocompatibility and large deformability hold great promise for extensive applications in intelligent autonomous soft robotics. However, achieving directionally controllable autonomous motion under constant stimulation remains a key challenge, primarily due to the isotropic and densely crosslinked nature of conventional hydrogel networks, which limits both directional driving forces and efficient mass transport pathways. Here, we report a simple method for the fabrication of curved cylindrical hydrogels with aligned porous channels that enable autonomous rolling under constant light irradiation via directional freezing assembly-assisted in situ photopolymerization. Benefiting from the oriented open-cell network, the hydrogel exhibited fast light-responsive deformation with bending and recovery speeds of 16.5 (°)·s −1 and 24 (°)·s −1 , respectively. Notably, the hydrogel achieved self-sustained rolling under constant light irradiation at a speed of 0.77 mm·s −1 , arising from the synergy of structural anisotropy and geometric curvature. By spatially modulating the irradiation region, the photo-guided direction-steerable rolling could be realized. Additionally, the hydrogel implemented multiple tasks including obstacle crossing, stair climbing and cargo transport, highlighting its potential in biomimetic soft robotic systems.
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