Nature Communications
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2025
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IF 15.7
Liu Tao,Sun Youlong,Wang Yantao,Zhang Shu,Zhang Yuchen,Dong Shanmu,Wang Jinzhi,Li Chuanchuan,Hu Lei,Xue Weijiang,Ju Jiangwei,Ma Jun,Tang Bo,Cui Guanglei
All-solid-state lithium batteries for electric vehicles require high specific power, challenged in thick negative electrodes by fragile conducting networks during volume changes and dendrite growth at high currents. We propose an In 0.38 Sn 0.33 Bi 0.29 ternary alloy negative electrode creating a mixed ionic-electronic conducting continuum that overcomes these limitations. The stepwise formation of multiple phases with sufficient mechanical robustness during Li-alloying effectively stabilizes the ionic and electronic conducting percolation by relieving stress concentration and minimizing crack propagation. The unique reversibility of the multiple phase changes during lithiation/delithiation ensures stable cycling performance. The In 0.38 Sn 0.33 Bi 0.29 negative electrode exhibits a high capacity of ~ 724 mAh g −1 and a critical current density of 150 mA cm −2 at 5.0 mAh cm –2 . The In 0.38 Sn 0.33 Bi 0.29 | |LiCoO 2 full cell with industry-level mass loading (6.49 mAh cm –2 ) can retain 87.5% capacity over 1300 cycles at 4.0 C, delivering a jellyroll specific energy of 203.1 Wh kg −1 and 670.6 Wh L −1 at 5.0 C. The fast-charging capability is further validated by large-format pouch cells. The design principles can be extended to other negative electrode designs for solid-state batteries.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
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2025
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IF 15.6
Meng Lei,Decheng Li,Keyi Chen,Zhe Han,Guyue Li,Xianhui Nie,Jingxian Zhang,Chilin Li
Due to the ultrahigh theoretical energy density, no dendrite issue, and abundant resources, fluoride ion batteries (FIBs) have received a lot of attention. Regarding the issue of dissolving inorganic salt CsF in aprotic organic solvents, some anion acceptor (AA) strategies have been proposed. However, the strong binding force greatly constrains F– ion desolvation, resulting in short lifespan, low specific capacity, and poor reversibility of FIBs. Herein, we propose a concept of steric hindrance-driven closed-loop acceptor to address these problems, by using tetraphenylphosphonium chloride (Ph4PCl) with appropriate Lewis acidity to dissolve CsF and prepare a dynamic fluoride ion electrolyte based on the F–Cl exchange reaction, with a high ionic conductivity of 4.1 mS/cm at room temperature. The steric hindrance effects of chlorine and phenyl can accelerate the desolvation kinetics of F– ions. The excellent kinetics of the Ph4PCl-based electrolyte endows FIBs with long-term cycling stability, and the Sn@SnF2 symmetric cells can cycle for 500 h at 100 μA/cm2 and tolerate a critical current density as high as 1250 μA/cm2. Due to the potential dissociation ability of five-coordinated acceptor central phosphorus for fluorides and the closed-loop conversion effect of chlorine, the fluorination and defluorination reaction proceeds in a dissolution-deposition mode. The CuF2//Sn@SnF2 cell (under a high cathode loading of 4.2 mg/cm2) exhibits the highest reversible capacity up to 717.7 mAh/g and remains 316 mAh/g after 65 cycles with a small voltage polarization of only 11 mV. This work points out the novel design concept of AAs for developing high capacity and long lifespan FIBs.
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2025
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IF 5.5
Chao Wu,Xin Miao,Aojie Zhang,Mingxing Guo,Jianxiang Lin,Anjun Jin,Wenhao Fan,Shaoping Chen
Despite the excellent thermoelectric properties of Te, the element diffusion and reaction at the interface with the metal electrodes introduce a large contact resistivity (ρc), significantly reducing the conversion efficiency (η) of the device. Therefore, suitable barrier layers are being sought to optimize the connection between Te and metal electrodes. In this study, a Sn–Te alloy barrier layer is reported based on interfacial reaction. The results indicate that there is no reaction layer or microscopic defects at the interface of the SnTe/Te0.985Sb0.015 device. Additionally, the η of the single-leg device is approximately 4.7% at a temperature difference of 230 K. Notably, this ηmax is 100% higher than that of the Ni/Te0.985Sb0.015/Ni device. Meanwhile, the interface exhibits good thermal stability, with no significant changes observed in ρc, η, and interface microstructure after aging at 523 K for 18 days. This work provides valuable insights into optimizing the interface between thermoelectric materials and metal electrodes, which could lead to the development of more efficient and stable thermoelectric devices.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
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IF 6.3
Shoja Mirzaei,Fatemeh Ghamari,Jalal Arjomandi,Rahim Mohammad Rezaei
Twelve lead-based alloys (labels A 1 -A 12 ) were systematically fabricated by introduction of different elements including Sb, Sn, Al, Ca, Na and Ba metals (W%). Their corrosion behavior was studied using weight-loss measurements, OCP, potentiodynamic polarization, and EIS at various temperatures between 20 and 70°C. Microstructural and compositional analyses of lead alloys were performed by FE-SEM, mapping, and EDX. To investigate the effect of the surface morphological features on corrosion resistance of alloy electrodes, the surface morphological and statistical, watershed algorithm, and fractal studies were performed using FE-SEM analysis. The result show that, the distinct morphology of the label A 5 (Pb 97.25 , Al 0.11 , Ca 0.17 , Sn 2.47 ) alloy electrode provides a lower contact area at interface of electrode/electrolyte, originating from smooth surface with minimum roughness and porosity, with more well-developed and noncomplicated topography. Accordingly, among the manufactured lead alloys and in 70°C, A 5 exhibited the lowest corrosion current density (<0.02 mA cm⁻²), highest polarization resistance (>590 Ω cm²), and most coherent SnO 2 -rich passive layer, resulting in a minimal weight-loss rate. By adding the Sn element into the lead alloy, the reduction of alloy corrosion occurs by the formation of SnO 2 in A 5 alloy. Sn element in A 5 reduces slope of cathodic and anodic lines and shifts corrosion potential towards positive values resulting better corrosion resistance. Sn presence in A 5 alloy, compared to other alloys, has increased surface chemical stability, improved oxidation resistance, and reduced rate of redox reactions in 70°C. These findings demonstrate the critical synergy of Sn with minor alloying elements in enhancing high-temperature corrosion resistance in lead-acid battery applications.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2025
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IF 8.2
Xiaowei Wu,Hong Wu,Jie Liu,Sikang Zheng,Qihong Xiong,Kaiqi Zhang,Hanjun Zou,Guiwen Wang,Guang Han,Guoyu Wang,Xu Lu,Bin Zhang,Xiaoyuan Zhou
SnSe-based compounds, as promising thermoelectric materials, are well-known for their intrinsically low thermal conductivity and outstanding thermoelectric performance. However, the suboptimal electrical transport capacity for n-type polycrystalline SnSe significantly hinders the improvement of its thermoelectric performance. In this work, an effective approach for enhancing the thermoelectric performance of n-type SnSe polycrystalline materials through ZnCl2 doping has been investigated. The enhanced density of state effective mass, which is related to the introduction of an impurity level and the facilitation of multivalley degeneracy after ZnCl2 doping, can significantly improve the electrical transport coefficient. Additionally, multiple defects caused by ZnCl2 doping, such as multiscale precipitates, amorphous tin chloride, and twin boundaries, effectively decrease the lattice thermal conductivity, leading to a subsequently enhanced quality factor. As a result, the SnSe0.95–2%ZnCl2 sample achieves a maximum zT of ∼1.3 at 873 K parallel to the pressing direction, being 4 orders higher than that of the pristine SnSe0.95 sample and better than that of most other halide-doped SnSe samples. This study presents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy for improving the thermoelectric properties of n-type polycrystalline SnSe.
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MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 3.7
Dan Jin,Song Wu,Linyang Dai,Ling Li
The high recurrence and metastasis rates of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) necessitate novel therapeutic strategies. Although chemotherapy is widely used, it often leads to systemic toxicity and acute kidney injury (AKI). This study developed a near-infrared (NIR)-responsive two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) nanosheet drug delivery system loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) for photothermal therapy (PTT) of RCC, aiming to reduce nephrotoxicity. BP nanosheets exhibit excellent photothermal conversion efficiency under NIR irradiation, enabling localized hyperthermia for tumor ablation and triggering DOX release. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that BP-DOX induces apoptosis in RCC cells and suppresses tumor growth upon NIR irradiation. This study further revealed that this nanocomposite alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in renal tissues, thereby preserving renal function. This work highlights the potential of the BP nanoplatform for synergistic chemotherapy–photothermal therapy in RCC while mitigating kidney damage, offering a new approach to overcome chemotherapy-related complications.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
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IF 6.3
Yu Fang,Zheng Tang Cai,Ze Wei Zhu,Jia Hao Ma,Hong Kai Cai,Han Li
SnTe has attracted significant attention as a promising thermoelectric material due to its favorable band structure and low cost. However, its high intrinsic hole concentration and thermal conductivity still hinder further performance enhancement. In this study, a series of Sn 2.9-x W x Te 2.9 –(In 2 Te 3 ) 0.03 –(Cu 2 Te) 0.18 (x = 0, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, 0.15) composites were synthesized by incorporating in-situ formed In 2 Te 3 and Cu 2 Te nanophases along with W doping. Structural and microstructural analyses confirmed the formation of uniformly distributed nanoinclusions (10–20 nm) and homogeneous elemental distribution. W doping effectively suppressed intrinsic Sn vacancies and induced valence band convergence, while the introduction of In created resonant states. These synergistic effects significantly enhanced the Seebeck coefficient. Moreover, multiscale phonon scattering arising from nanophases, dislocations, and lattice distortions greatly reduced the lattice thermal conductivity. The sample with x = 0.09 exhibited a maximum power factor of 25.98 μW·cm −1 ·K −2 , while the sample with x = 0.12 achieved a minimum lattice thermal conductivity of 0.406 W·m −1 ·K −1 . As a result, the optimized composition reached a peak ZT of 1.23 and an average ZT of 0.44 at 823 K, representing improvements of approximately 209 % and 215 % over pristine SnTe, respectively. These results place the material among the top-performing SnTe-based thermoelectric systems reported to date.
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Journal of Energy Storage
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2025
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IF 9.8
Peigen Zhang,Tianyu Wang,Pei Ding,Feiyue Hu,Zhenglin Zou,Wei He,Vamsi Borra,Qinning Gao,Hanning Zhang,Jingwen Tang,Wei Zheng,ZhengMing Sun
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) offer high safety, low cost, and environmental compatibility, yet their large-scale deployment is hindered by dendrite growth and severe side reactions arising from non-uniform Zn 2+ deposition. Constructing artificial interphase layers (AILs) to regulate Zn 2+ nucleation and growth has emerged as an effective strategy to mitigate these issues. One-dimensional (1D) Sn metal, featuring a high specific surface area, tunable structure, strong zinc affinity, and high hydrogen evolution overpotential, is an ideal candidate for interphase engineering. However, existing synthesis methods for 1D Sn, which rely on template-assisted electrodeposition, face challenges in scalability. In this work, Sn whiskers are synthesized via the mechanochemical decomposition of the Ti 2 SnC MAX phase and employed to construct a three-dimensional (3D) Sn whisker network as an artificial interphase layer on zinc anodes (Sn whisker@Zn). This continuous network effectively guides Zn 2+ migration and deposition, promotes preferential growth along the (002) crystal plane, reduces local current density, and suppresses dendrite formation. Simultaneously, it retards corrosion and inhibits the formation of by-products. Symmetric cells based on Sn whisker@Zn anodes exhibit exceptional cycling stability, sustaining over 1600 h of stable operation at 1 mA cm −2 with a capacity of 0.5 mAh cm −2 , and exceeding 1000 h at a high current density of 10 mA cm −2 . Moreover, the Sn whisker@Zn||NH 4 V 4 O 10 full cell retains 89.94 % of its capacity after 1400 cycles at 5 A g −1 , demonstrating strong application potential. This approach provides a scalable and effective strategy for developing durable zinc anodes, advancing the prospects of AZIBs in energy storage systems.
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RARE METALS
·
2025
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IF 11
Zhen-Xuan Ma,Jia-Guang Zheng,Mei-Ling Lv,Cong Li,Chang-Hai Wu,Pan-Pan Zhou,Chao Su,Lei Ge
en This research uncovered the influence of nitrogen-doped MXene Ti 3 CN on the reversible hydrogen storage properties of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 . The Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN composite began releasing hydrogen at a temperature of 80°C. In addition, the composite discharged over 8.8 wt% hydrogen at a comparatively lower temperature of 270°C, whereas the pure Mg(BH 4 ) 2 emitted merely 5.9 wt% hydrogen under identical circumstances, which exhibited remarkably enhanced dehydrogenation kinetics. Furthermore, upon completion of four cycles, Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN retained a reversible hydrogen storage capacity of 4.5 wt%, representing an 80% improvement over the undoped Mg(BH 4 ) 2 . In the course of the dehydrogenation phase, the boron atoms in Mg(BH 4 ) 2 were anchored by nitrogen atoms in Ti 3 CN to form B-N bonds, which helped suppress the formation of MgB 12 H 12 . During the subsequent rehydrogenation process, the B-N bonds broke, and the boron atoms reparticipated in the reversible transformation into [BH 4 ] − clusters. Meanwhile, the formation of Ti 0 by the reaction of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 with Ti 3 CN weakened the B-H bond energy, and the layered structure provided an effective way for hydrogen spillover. These factors collectively improved the reversible hydrogen storage capabilities of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 . 摘要 zh 本研究揭示了氮掺杂MXene Ti 3 CN对Mg(BH 4 ) 2 可逆储氢性能的影响。Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN复合材料在温度80°C时开始放氢。此外,在270°C的较低温度下,该复合材料的氢排放量超过8.8 wt%,而在相同的条件下,纯Mg(BH 4 ) 2 的氢排放量仅为5.9 wt%,脱氢动力学显著增强。在完成四个循环后,Mg(BH 4 ) 2 -20Ti 3 CN保留了4.5 wt%的可逆储氢容量,比未掺杂的Mg(BH 4 ) 2 提高了80%。在脱氢过程中,Mg(BH 4 ) 2 中的硼原子被Ti 3 CN中的氮原子锚定形成B-N键,有助于抑制MgB 12 H 12 的形成。在随后的再氢过程中,B-N键断裂,硼原子重新参与可逆转化为[BH 4 ] − 簇。同时,Mg(BH 4 ) 2 与Ti 3 CN反应生成Ti 0 ,削弱了B-H键能,层状结构也为氢溢出提供了有效路径。这些因素共同提高了Mg(BH 4 ) 2 的可逆储氢能力。
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JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
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2025
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IF 3.1
Cui Yumeng,Wu Weihong,Meng Chunhui,Wu Pengxin,Jiao Yunhong,Qu Hongqiang
Polyester/cotton (T/C) blend fabrics are highly flammable due to the particular “scaffolding effect,” which limits its application scope. In this work, a polyacrylic acid (PAA) flame-retardant coating was prepared by combining a conventional intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) with a hybrid of graphene and metallic tin (GnPSn) prepared by mechanical forces. The flame retardants were deposited onto the T/C blend fabric by surface coating method, and its flame-retardant and thermal properties were studied. The combined characterization of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mapping proved that the coating system had been successfully processed to the surface of T/C blend fabrics. The results of limiting oxygen index (LOI) showed that PER-1/GnPSn-4 polyester/cotton blends obtained good flame-retardant properties with LOI of 25.0%. The thermal stability and combustion behavior of the blends before and after impregnation were evaluated by thermogravimetric (TG) and cone calorimetry test (CCT), and the peak heat release rate of PER-1/GnPSn-4 polyester/cotton blends was 51.2% lower than that of Pure Emulsion T/C blend fabrics, with an increase in residual carbon by 16.39%, which indicated that the addition of GnPSn altered the thermal degradation process and suppressed the combustion of the T/C blend fabrics, heat and smoke release during the combustion process. In addition, the results of thermogravimetric-Fourier transform infrared (TG-IR) spectroscopy of the samples showed that the intumescent composite coatings were flame retardant to T/C blended fabrics in both condensed phase and gas phase.
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Microstructures
·
2025
·Vol. 5
·期 3
·N
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IF 9
Fulong Liu,Yuqing Sun,Zhihao Li,Panpan Peng,Chunlei Wang,Hongchao Wang
Quaternary chalcogenides have garnered considerable interest within the field of thermoelectric due to their intrinsic low thermal conductivity, wide bandgap and high element enrichment advantages. In this work, the thermoelectric performance of Cu2MnSnSe4 was enhanced by co-optimizing the carrier concentration and lattice thermal conductivity through self-doping with Cu and doping with Te. A series of Cu2MnSnSe4 and Cu2.1Mn0.9SnSe4-xTex (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10) samples were prepared by ball-milling and hot-pressing methods. The carrier concentration of the samples was significantly increased after Cu self-doping, leading to optimized electrical transport performance. The notable reduction in lattice thermal conductivity was attributed to the scattering effect caused by Te substitution-induced point defects. At 673 K, the lattice thermal conductivity of the Cu2.1Mn0.9SnSe3.9Te0.1 sample obtained the lowest value of 0.62 W m-1K-1. Finally, it achieved a maximum zT ~ 0.5 at 673 K in the Cu2.1Mn0.9SnSe3.9Te0.1 sample, roughly twice that of the Cu2MnSnSe4 sample.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 48
·41788-41797
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IF 9.5
Wenjie Li,Zeqing Hu,Ziwang Zhang,Zehao Lin,Min Ruan,Jiahao Jiang,Jing Shuai
Enhancing the thermoelectric performance of n-type polycrystalline SnSe remains challenging due to the trade-off between carrier transport and lattice thermal conductivity. Here, we demonstrate that trace incorporation of the lead-free perovskite Cs2TiCl6 enables concurrent optimization of these factors in SnSe0.93. The [TiCl6]2− octahedral framework introduces effective electron donors, while Ti 3d states induce local band flattening, increasing the density-of-states effective mass without severely degrading weighted mobility. Consequently, the 0.5 wt% Cs2TiCl6 sample attains a high power factor of ∼532.1 µW m−1 K−2 at 823 K. Meanwhile, Ti-rich domains together with multi-scale structural defects (strain fields, dislocations, and twin boundaries) substantially intensify phonon scattering, driving the lattice thermal conductivity down to ∼0.32 W m−1 K−1 at 823 K—a 40.6% reduction relative to the pristine specimen. Benefiting from this synergistic carrier and phonon engineering, a peak ZT of ∼1.2 at 823 K is achieved for 0.5 wt% Cs2TiCl6, representing a 179.1% enhancement over undoped SnSe0.93 and outperforming most reported n-type polycrystalline SnSe-based materials. This work establishes trace lead-free perovskite doping as a dual-function strategy—simultaneously enabling band structure modulation and phonon mean free path suppression—offering a viable route toward environmentally benign, high-efficiency n-type SnSe thermoelectrics.
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