SENSORS
·
2020
·Vol. 20
·期 2
·446
·
IF 3.275
Zhiyuan Fan,Zhaoxin Geng,Weihao Fang,Xiaoqing Lv,Yue Su,Shicai Wang,Hongda Chen
Detecting biomarkers is an efficient method to diagnose and monitor patients’ stages. For more accurate diagnoses, continuously detecting and monitoring multiple biomarkers are needed. To achieve point-of-care testing (POCT) of multiple biomarkers, a smartphone biosensor system with the multi-testing-unit (SBSM) based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) integrated multi-channel microfluidics was presented. The SBSM could simultaneously record nine sensor units to achieve the detection of multiple biomarkers. Additional 72 sensor units were fabricated for further verification. Well-designed modularized attachments consist of a light source, lenses, a grating, a case, and a smartphone shell. The attachments can be well assembled and attached to a smartphone. The sensitivity of the SBSM was 161.0 nm/RIU, and the limit of detection (LoD) reached 4.2 U/mL for CA125 and 0.87 U/mL for CA15-3 through several clinical serum specimens testing on the SBSM. The testing results indicated that the SBSM was a useful tool for detecting multi-biomarkers. Comparing with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) results, the results from the SBSM were correlated and reliable. Meanwhile, the SBSM was convenient to operate without much professional skill. Therefore, the SBSM could become useful equipment for point-of-care testing due to its small size, multi-testing unit, usability, and customizable design.Keywords:localized surface plasmon resonance;smartphone;multipoint biosensor;microfluidics;point-of-care;protein detection
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2018
·Vol. 185
·期 6
·1-8
·
IF 5.705
Li Shuhuai,Li Jianping,Luo Jinhui,Xu Zhi,Ma Xionghui
An electrochemical microfluidic chip is described for the determination of the insecticide carbofuran. It is making use of a molecularly imprinted film (MIP) and a DNA aptamer as dual recognition units. The analyte (carbofuran) is transported to the MIP and captured at the identification site in the channel. Then, carbofuran is eluted with carbinol-acetic acid and transported to the DNA aptamer on the testing position of the chip. It is captured again, this time by the aptamer, and detected by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The dual recognition (by aptamer and MIP) results in outstanding selectivity. Additionally, graphene oxide-supported gold nanoparticles (GO-AuNPs) were used to improve the sensitivity of electrochemical detector. DPV response is linear in the 0.2 to 50 nM carbofuran concentration range at a potential of −1.2 V, with a 67 pM detection limit. The method has attractive features such as its potential for high throughput, high degree of automation, and high integration. Conceivably, the method may be extended to other analytes for which appropriate MIPs and aptamers are available.
Schematic of an electrochemical microfluidic chip for carbofuran detection based on a molecularly imprinted film (MIP) and a DNA aptamer as dual recognition units. In the chip, targets were recognized by MIP and aptamer, respectively. It shows promising potential for the design of electrochemical devices with high throughput, high automation, and high integration.
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ANALYTICAL SCIENCES
·
2018
·
IF 1.355
Qiang Zou,Xin Li,Tao Xue,Shentong Mo,Qi Su,Jia Zheng
A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform for the selective trace analysis of Hg2+ ions was reported, based on poly-thymine (T) aptamer/2-naphthalenethiol (2-NT)-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which was an oligonucleotide-functionalized nanosensor and SERS chip. 2-NT was used as a Raman reporter, and T aptamer could form a T-Hg2+-T structure with Hg2+ ions making an SERS nanosensor absorbed to the SERS chip. The optimum concentrations of DNA and 2-NT were obtained. An average of 960 DNA molecules attached to each AuNP were measured. The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.0 ppt (1.0 × 10−12 g/mL), which is far below the limit of 10.0 ppb for drinking water, stipulated by the World Health Organization. The sensor has the advantages of low detection cost, a simple sample pretreatment, a green solution and reducing false positives. Furthermore, the nanosensor was used for the determination of trace Hg2+ in the water of a lake; a reliable result was obtained accurately.
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INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
·
2015
·Vol. 56
·期 5
·3314-3319
·
IF 3.404
Yau Kei Chan,Kwun Hei Samuel Sy,Chun Yu Wong,Ping Kwan Man,David Wong,Ho Cheung Shum
Purpose.:There is a lack of a standardized methodology or a physiologically realistic in vitro model to investigate silicone oil (SO) emulsification. In this study, we replicated the SO–aqueous interface within a microfluidic chip to study the formation of SO emulsion droplets in the eye cavity.Methods.:A chip made of poly(methylmethacrylate) was used to represent a cross-section of the posterior eye chamber. A retinal ganglion cell line was coated on the inner surface of the chamber to mimic the surface property of the retina. Silicone oil of different viscosities were tested. The SO–aqueous interface was created inside the chip, which, in turn, was affixed to a stepper-motor-driven platform and subjected to simulated saccadic eye movement for four days. Optical microscopy was used to quantify the count and size of SO emulsified droplets.Results.:Among SO of different viscosities, SO 5 centistokes (cSt) emulsifies readily, and a high number of droplets formed inside the chip. Silicone oil 100 cSt led to fewer droplets than 5 cSt, but the droplet count was still significantly higher than other SO of higher viscosities. There were no significant differences in the number of droplets among SO with viscosities of 500, 1000, and 5000 cSt. In all SOs tested, the number of droplets increased, whereas their size decreased with longer duration of simulated saccades.Conclusions.:The study platform allows quantification of the number and size of emulsified SO droplets in situ. More importantly, this platform demonstrates the potential of microtechnology for constructing a more physiologically realistic in vitro eye model. Eye-on-a-chip technology presents exciting opportunities to study emulsification and potentially other phenomena in the human eye.
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LAB ON A CHIP
·
2013
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·471-481
·
IF 5.697
Xiaokang Li,Xinyong Zhang,Shan Zhao,Jingyu Wang,Gang Liu,Yanan Du
Cell-based high throughput drug screening accelerates the pace of drug discovery which is routinely operated on planar high-density multi-well plates with sophisticated robotic liquid-dispensing systems for cell seeding and drug administration. Considerable efforts have been made to upgrade in vitro cellular models from 2D to a more biomimetic 3D configuration. For instance, in anti-cancer drug screening, tumor spheroids are increasingly applied as a gold-standard 3D model exhibiting cellular behaviors and drug responses distinguishable from the 2D counterpart. However, translation of spheroids to high throughput drug screening is challenging since pre-formation of spheroids and subsequent translocation to multi-well plates for drug testing are usually uncontrollable and time/reagent consuming and cell loss is inevitable during medium exchange for drug testing. Here we present an off-the-shelf micro-scaffold array chip which enables high throughput 3D cell culture, drug administration and quantitative in situ assays entirely on the same chip. The sponge-like micro-scaffolds functioned both as absorbents to realize parallel auto-loading of cells or drugs and as barriers to prevent cell loss during medium exchange via centrifugation. Rapid manual loading of cell suspensions or drugs into the 96 isolated micro-scaffolds on the chip was achieved in the timescale of several seconds, meanwhile with total medium consumption reduced to the order of microliters. Proof of concept demonstration of drug cytotoxicity testing was performed on multiple cancer cells using common benchtop equipment, making it accessible to most biomedical labs with basic cell culture setups. Higher cellular drug resistance was constantly obtained with this platform compared to the planar cultures, which was partially attributed to the malignant phenotype of cancer cells yielded by enhanced cell–matrix interactions in the micro-scaffolds. Interestingly, the high drug resistance of 3D cultured cells in the micro-scaffold was shown to be density-independent in contrast to the density-dependent drug response for 2D cultured cells, indicating intrinsic differences between the two culture models. This platform is expected to facilitate upgrade of the current cell-based high throughput drug testing to the 3D level and be widely applicable across various disciplines.
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IEEE Transactions on Components Packaging and Manufacturing Technology
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Yi Zhong,Zhongliang Liu,Binbin Jiang,Dongxiao Yang,Weidong Zhong,Penghui Wu,Tengteng He
Fine-pitch flip-chip Au bumps play a critical role in interconnecting and packaging advanced optoelectronics, historically known for their good corrosion resistance and high reliability. However, this study reveals the susceptibility of Au bumps to corrosion and cracking during 85°C/85%RH high temperature and humidity (THT) reliability testing. Cracks were observed at the under-bump metallization (UBM) interfaces, originating at the bump undercut and propagating towards the bump center. This leads to a dramatic 26.7% reduction in mechanical shear strength, significantly compromising the reliability. The failure mechanism of Au bump was analyzed through the combination of characterization and simulation, which identifies a stress-induced and halogen-enhanced galvanic cell corrosion at the UBM interfaces as the root cause. Furthermore, a protective surface coating strategy involving self-assembled monolayer notably improves bump corrosion resistance, as demonstrated by the absence of strength degradation and interfacial delamination after 500-hour accelerated THT test. These insights are pivotal for advancing reliable, high-performance optoelectronic packaging.
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ANALYST
·
2024
·
IF 3.6
Lulu Liu,Wenrui Ma,Haolan Tan,Chuang Ge,Bei Zhang,Chunyan Wang,Yang Zhang,Yi Xu
The in situ monitoring of quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules in bacterial biofilms is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial biofilms. In this work, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chip integrated with functional units of bacterial biofilms and in situ SERS detection is proposed for the monitoring of pyocyanine, an important signal molecule and biomarker secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The SERS chip was composed of a top self-assembled nano-silver SERS substrate layer, a PDMS layer containing a micro-chamber array and bottom quartz layer. The nano-silver SERS substrate showed good homogeneity and stability with an enhancement factor of up to 1.84 × 108 for pyocyanine, and the design of the SERS substrate located at the top layer of the chip could effectively attenuate interference from complex matrices. Using the SERS chip, a detection limit of as low as 1 nM for pyocyanine with a wide detection range of 1 nM–100 μM was observed. The proposed SERS chip could achieve the monitoring of pyocyanine during the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms with and without the treatment of different types of antibacterial drugs. Furthermore, pyocyanine secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was confirmed using mass spectrometry (MS), and the concentration relationship obtained via MS/MS was consistent with that obtained via SERS detection. The proposed method based on the SERS chip for monitoring QS in bacterial biofilms offers the advantages of in situ detection, flexibility and efficiency.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2018
·Vol. 6
·期 6
·961-965
·
IF 4.776
Yu-Jun Yang,Bo Tang,Li Zhang,Cheng Wang,Hao-Tian Ma,Dai-Wen Pang,Zhi-Ling Zhang
A facile and controllable method for one-step synthesis of small-sized monodisperse fluorescent–magnetic bifunctional microparticles based on droplet splitting and photopolymerization was established. Using this method, magnetic nanoparticles and acryloyl rhodamine B (acryloyl-RhB) molecules were incorporated into the dispersed phase, which allowed the direct generation of functional microparticles. Functional microparticles with diameters in the range of 2.8 to 19.2 μm were obtained by controlling the fluidic characteristics. The fluorescence intensity of the microparticles could be regulated by adjusting the concentration of the acryloyl-RhB molecule in the dispersed phase. Furthermore, the fluorescent–magnetic bifunctional microparticles were successfully used to detect proteins specifically by ratiometric fluorescence analysis, showing their potential in biological sample detection.
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LAB ON A CHIP
·
2018
·Vol. 18
·期 4
·585-594
·
IF 5.995
Anand N. P. Radhakrishnan,Marco P. C. Marques,Matthew J. Davies,Brian O'Sullivan,Daniel G. Bracewell,Nicolas Szita
Flocculation is a key purification step in cell-based processes for the food and pharmaceutical industry where the removal of cells and cellular debris is aided by adding flocculating agents. However, finding the best suited flocculating agent and optimal conditions to achieve rapid and effective flocculation is a non-trivial task. In conventional analytical systems, turbulent mixing creates a dynamic equilibrium between floc growth and breakage, constraining the determination of floc formation rates. Furthermore, these systems typically rely on end-point measurements only. We have successfully developed for the first time a microfluidic system for the study of flocculation under well controlled conditions. In our microfluidic device (μFLOC), floc sizes and growth rates were monitored in real time using high-speed imaging and computational image analysis. The on-line and in situ detection allowed quantification of floc sizes and their growth kinetics. This eliminated the issues of sample handling, sample dispersion, and end-point measurements. We demonstrated the power of this approach by quantifying the growth rates of floc formation under forty different growth conditions by varying industrially relevant flocculating agents (pDADMAC, PEI, PEG), their concentration and dosage. Growth rates between 12.2 μm s−1 for a strongly cationic flocculant (pDADMAC) and 0.6 μm s−1 for a non-ionic flocculant (PEG) were observed, demonstrating the potential to rank flocculating conditions in a quantitative way. We have therefore created a screening tool to efficiently compare flocculating agents and rapidly find the best flocculating condition, which will significantly accelerate early bioprocess development.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Peng-Cheng Guan,Qian-Jiao Qi,Yu-Qing Wang,Jia-Sheng Lin,Yue-Jiao Zhang,Jian-Feng Li
Traditional diagnostic methods, such as blood tests, are invasive and time-consuming, while sweat biomarkers offer a rapid physiological assessment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has garnered significant attention in sweat analysis because of its high sensitivity, label-free nature, and nondestructive properties. However, challenges related to substrate reproducibility and interference from the biological matrix persist with SERS. This study developed a novel ratio-based 3D hydrogel SERS chip, providing a noninvasive solution for real-time monitoring of pH and glucose levels in sweat. Encapsulating the probe molecule (4-MBN) in nanoscale gaps to form gold nanoflower-like nanotags with internal standards and integrating them into an agarose hydrogel to create a 3D flexible SERS substrate significantly enhances the reproducibility and stability of sweat analysis. Gap-Au nanopetals modified with probe molecules are uniformly dispersed throughout the porous hydrogel structure, facilitating the effective detection of the pH and glucose in sweat. The 3D hydrogel SERS chip demonstrates a strong linear relationship in pH and glucose detection, with a pH response range of 5.5–8.0 and a glucose detection range of 0.01–5 mM, with R2 values of 0.9973 and 0.9923, respectively. In actual sweat samples, the maximum error in pH detection accuracy is only 1.13%, with a lower glucose detection limit of 0.25 mM. This study suggests that the ratio-based 3D hydrogel SERS chip provides convenient, reliable, and rapid detection capabilities with substantial application potential for analyzing body fluid pH and glucose.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Yingzi Xiong,Yutong Xie,Di Xu,Jinghan Wang,Maiquan Li,Xia Liu
A simple chip-localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor with a handmade sample pool is constructed based on the transmission mode of the UV–vis spectrophotometer to detect sulfadiazine (SDZ) by combining magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers nanoparticles (MMIPs NPs) as adsorbent and signal amplification reagent. The interaction between SDZ and methacrylic acid (MAA) was analyzed at molecule level (Gaussian 09 software), which indicates that the main interacting sites of SDZ and MAA are respectively O2, O3, H24 and H4, O2. The LSPR signal generated by SDZ-captured MMIPs NPs is 1.52 times compared with that of SDZ alone. The LSPR sensor shows a linear response for SDZ in concentration range from 1 to 100 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.64 ng/mL. Meanwhile, the selectivity of LSPR sensor coupled with MMIPs NPs is better compared to magnetic non-molecularly imprinted nanoparticles(MNIPs NPs) for SDZ detection. Significantly, the chip-LSPR sensor shows strong anti-interference to actual sample matrix (recoveries range from 80.66 % to 122.21 %). This work provides an efficient strategy for building high-performance chip-LSPR sensor.
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TALANTA
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Han Li,Donghui Wang,Wei Liu,Zhan Ma,Dingnan Wang,Yang Li,Weiwei Huan,Yiming Zhang
The development of high-performance specific sensors is promising for the rapid detection of harmful residues in animal-derived foods. Recently, luminescent metal-organic framework/molecularly imprinted polymer (LMOF/MIP) materials have been developed as ideal candidates for the analysis of harmful residues. Here, we reported a simple fabrication protocol of paper-based chip through in-situ growth of LMOF on a negatively charged modified filter paper, a paper-based molecularly imprinting layer (FP@BA-Eu@MIP) was thereafter successfully prepared via the boronate affinity-based controllable oriented surface imprinting strategy. The paper-based chips obtained were used to construct a rapid test strip of tetracycline (TC). After addition of TC, significant fluorescence changes on the surface of the FP@BA-Eu@MIP paper-based chip could be observed from blue to red via inner filter effect and photo-induced electron transfer under the excitation of 360 nm. The adsorption kinetics was explored in detail. The presented strip exhibited satisfied selectiveness and sensitivity with a limit of detection of 8.47 μg L −1 for TC. It was confirmed that LMOF/MIP as a biomimetic recognition module can play a crucial role in enrichment and fluorescence response. This study provided a real application case for an in-situ fabricated fluorescence paper-based chip in rapidly detecting harmful residues.
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