International Journal of Oral Science
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2026
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·13
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IF 17.6
Zhou Lu,Mao Hanqing,Wen Yuanhao,Chen Zhi,Zhang Lu
Copper, predominantly present in bones, plays a crucial role in bone formation. However, when copper homeostasis is disrupted, excessive copper can trigger harmful inflammation and a novel form of cell death known as cuproptosis. The impact of cuproptosis on bone metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that excessive copper acts as an aggravator in osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. We observed that the expression levels of the copper importer SLC31A1 and dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT) were positively correlated with bone loss in both human chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) tissues and mouse CAP models. Untargeted metabolomics analysis and screening of glucose metabolism enzymes revealed that glycogen synthesis was inhibited during cuproptosis. Mechanistically, excessive copper hindered glycogen synthesis via glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1), which limited the availability of glycogenolysis-derived glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) flux into pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and was unable to yield abundant NADPH to ensure high demand of glutathione (GSH) for macrophage survival. The inhibition of glycogen synthesis intensified cuproptosis and bone-resorption activity. Moreover, excessive copper bound to H3K27me3, which further epigenetically inhibited the gene transcription of GYS1, thereby affecting glycogen synthesis and exacerbating cuproptosis and bone resorption. Furthermore, the disruption of glycogen metabolism intensified cuproptosis and promoted inflammatory bone loss in vivo. Our finding highlighted the complex interplay among copper homeostasis, glycogen metabolism, and the osteo-immune system, suggesting new therapeutic strategies for managing inflammatory bone diseases and other copper accumulation-related conditions through the metabolic reprogramming of cells.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4
Wu Jia-Le,Xiao Wen-Hao,Wu Jing-Bo,Lin Jiang-Hua,Xu Rui-Jie,Lei Cai-Hong
The chemical structure of polyamide 6 (PA6) dictates that only 50% of hydrogen bonds participate in crystallization during the crystallization process, resulting in the properties of its products being significantly dependent on the molding process. Therefore, the design and development of nucleating agents suitable for PA6 holds great practical significance for high-performance PA6 materials. Amide-based nucleating agents can effectively improve the crystallization rate by increasing intermolecular hydrogen bond density. Further introduction of hydroxyl groups can enhance the hydrogen bonding interactions between the nucleating agent and PA6. In this study, a hydroxyl-containing amide-based nucleating agent, BHT, was designed and synthesized using a tyramine-based biomass as the raw material. These results demonstrated that BHT exhibited good structural compatibility with PA6. After adding 1 wt% BHT, the crystallization temperature of PA6 increased from 170.9 °C to 193.3 °C, the crystallinity increased 16.6%, the heat distortion temperature and Vicat softening temperature rose to 89.5 and 187.8 °C, respectively, the haze decreased to 46%, achieving the synergistic optimization of mechanical, thermal, and optical properties. The in situ time-resolved FTIR results indicated that the addition of BHT increased the enthalpy of hydrogen bond formation during the nucleation stage, facilitated the segmental conformation adjustment of PA6, and enhanced the molar concentration of trans-conformations, ultimately leading to an improvement in the crystallization rate.
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Chemistry Africa-A Journal of the Tunisian Chemical Society
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2026
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·36
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IF 2.2
Mohsin Dheyaa Hussein,Ali Jassim Mohammed,Ahmed Tamara N.,AL-Mayah Saif Jabbar Yasir
The urgent need for precise quantification of a crucial prognostic tumor marker, a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), is of paramount importance for health institutions in screening, diagnosis, and the therapeutic trip of breast cancer. A conspicuous analysis of the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-ECD) was conducted using a sandwich electrochemical immunosensing assay on nanomaterial-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) surfaces. The SPCEs modified with carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes combined with Fe/Cu bimetallic 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid metal-organic frameworks loaded with AgNPs as a sensing platform for carrying capture antibody. The antibody-antigen interaction was identified utilizing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated detection antibody and 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the enzymatic substrate. The structural, compositional, and morphological properties of synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by ( FT.IR, XRD, EDX, and FESEM ), before evaluating the analytical performance. The electrochemical signals were obtained by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry. Linear calibration plots were generated between 20 and 200 pg/mL, and limits of detection (LODs) were identified to be of 5.5 pg/mL, 5.65 pg/mL, and 3.96 pg/mL (for CV, DPV, and SWV), respectively, all much below the defined cut-off value of 15 ng/mL for this cancer biomarker. An immunosensor that had been designed expressly for the purpose of detecting the tumor marker in serum was utilized in order to conduct an experimental evaluation of the procedure’s effectiveness.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 3.8
Li Anan,Lu Shijie,Shang Xueqing,Zhang He,Xie Min,Lu Qiao,Hu Yongjun
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables spatial mapping of chemical distributions across complex surfaces, with broad applications spanning materials analysis, life sciences, and clinical diagnostics. However, conventional ionization sources often suffer from limited ionization efficiency, creating a trade-off between detection sensitivity and spatial resolution. Post-ionization technology addresses this constraint by incorporating a secondary ionization step, significantly enhancing ionization yield and establishing itself as a leading approach for advancing mass spectrometry techniques. In this study, we have independently developed a vacuum ultraviolet-laser desorption post-ionization mass spectrometry (VUV-LDPI-MS) system, which significantly enhances detection sensitivity through the implementation of post-ionization technology. By integrating low-photon-energy long-wavelength laser desorption with the soft-ionizing capability of VUV light, this technique enhances the detection of chemical species within biological tissues—including both exogenous drugs and endogenous metabolites. The method achieved a theoretical detection limit of 8.3 pg/spot for methylene blue (MB), while markedly reducing substrate effects and sample background interference. Imaging results revealed that endogenous compounds closely aligned with zebrafish tissue anatomy, whereas the spatial distribution of exogenous MB strongly correlated with optical images. Successful application to zebrafish tissue sections enabled clear visualization of both MB and intrinsic metabolites. VUV-LDPI-MSI offers superior ionization efficiency with minimal sample preparation, presenting a robust alternative to conventional LDI-MS approaches and holding considerable promise for future technological development.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2026
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IF 2.3
Wu Shiyong,Li Ya,Zhu Chengyan,Lin Wanli,Zhang Rongfei,Tian Wei
High energy consumption and electric field nonuniformity severely limit the scalability and reproducibility of bubble electrospinning for producing morphologically consistent polymer nanofibers. To address these challenges, we presented a simulation-guided design of a high-curvature auxiliary electrode array based on a spherical arc configuration. Using COMSOL Multiphysics, the effects of key geometric parameters, including pin number, spacing, diameter, length, and tip angle, on electric field distribution were systematically investigated. The optimal setup, comprising five needles (1 mm diameter, 30 mm length, 30° tip angle, 20 mm spacing), effectively mitigated edge effects and enhanced both field strength and uniformity at the bubble interface. Guided by simulations, the optimized electrode array was implemented experimentally, yielding nanofibers with significantly smaller and more uniform diameters compared to conventional bubble electrospinning systems. This work establishes a generalizable, simulation-driven framework for rational electrode design in needleless electrospinning, where geometric alignment between electrode curvature and liquid interface enables localized field enhancement with global homogeneity, offering a scalable, energy-efficient pathway toward industrial-grade nanofiber manufacturing.
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Nature Energy
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2026
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IF 60.1
Zhang Shaochen,Bi Enbing,Lei Borui,Tian Liuwen,Miao Xiaohe,Lian Chongyan,Wang Xiaonan,Zhang Xu,Jin Donger,Zhou Jingjing,Tian Yuan,Fan Wei,Chu Shenglong,Liu Qingqing,Gui Yang,Guo Tie,Wang Rui,Yang Deren,Xue Jingjing
Perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) tandem solar cells hold particular promise for flexible and lightweight applications, yet their efficiency still lags behind other perovskite-based tandem architectures. To achieve optimal spectral matching with the CIGS bottom cell, the perovskite top cell requires a wide bandgap, obtainable with a mixed-halide composition with high bromide content. However, perovskite films made with high bromide content suffer from inhomogeneous halide distribution, especially for scalable film fabrication method. Here we use 2-pyrrolidinone as the coordinating solvent to suppress the crystallization of the halide intermediates, maintaining a homogeneous halide distribution during ambient blade-coating of the perovskite film. We demonstrate a flexible monolithic two-terminal perovskite/CIGS tandem cell with a power conversion efficiency of 27.3%, with minimal efficiency loss over 500 h of operation.
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Cancer Nanotechnology
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2026
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IF 4.8
Wang Xin,Liu Purui,Cao Chuanxi,Yan Qinhan,Qin Ruoshan,He Dengqi
Multidrug resistance and the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) of malignant melanoma significantly limit the efficacy of conventional therapies. In this study, we constructed a near-infrared (NIR)-responsive thermosensitive phase-transition core–shell nanosystem (CaO-DOX-IR820@DLTP). This nanosystem uses CaO as the core, co-loading the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) and the photothermal agent IR820, with a thermosensitive DLTP polymer shell as the outer layer. Characterization results show that the nanosystem has a uniform particle size, good stability, and excellent biocompatibility. Under NIR irradiation, the hyperthermia generated by IR820 induces phase transition and melting of the DLTP shell, enabling controlled release of DOX. Meanwhile, CaO reacts with water in the TME to trigger a chain exothermic reaction, enhancing photothermal therapeutic efficacy. The resulting Ca (OH)₂ effectively neutralizes lactic acid in the TME, thereby inhibiting M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and alleviating lactate-mediated immunosuppression. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results demonstrate that the nanosystem exhibits favorable tumor cell-killing effects, providing a novel strategy for the treatment of malignant melanoma. Graphical
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Communications Biology
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2026
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IF 5.1
Zheng Zhichao,Li Xingyang,Qin Wenguang,Yu Shuiqing,Xu Tianru,Cheng Haoyu,Xie Wei,Fu Zhihe,Pan Guokai,Zhang Yuhui,Huang Wenyan,Liu Fei,Jiang Yifan,Jaspers Richard T.,Pathak Janak L.,Wu Lihong
Non-coding RNAs, including piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), are known to regulate osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); their role in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from diverse origins remains unclear. In this study, we identified piR48444 as a key regulator that is downregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) but is upregulated in inflamed and aged BMSCs. Functionally, piR48444 inhibited, while its knockdown enhanced osteogenic differentiation across MSCs from multiple sources. Notably, piR48444-depleted MSCs exhibited superior bone defect repair capacity. PiR48444 antagomir promoted bone regeneration in LPS-induced osteolysis mice and aging mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that piR48444 targets METTL7A , suppressing BMP2 mRNA m 6 A methylation. Furthermore, we discovered that the METTL7A/eIF4E complex binds to BMP2 mRNA, thereby enhancing its translational efficiency. Our findings establish piR48444 as a negative regulator of MSC osteogenesis through METTL7A-mediated BMP2 m 6 A methylation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target to enhance MSC-based bone regeneration strategies.
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Journal of Coatings Technology and Research
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2026
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IF 2.8
Cui Jing,Xiang Yucheng,Yang Guangfeng
Superhydrophobic surfaces have been shown to delay the uneven nucleation time of supercooled liquid droplets and promote the spontaneous detachment of droplets from the surface. The fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces generally entails the establishment of distinctive microstructures and chemical modifications. However, it should be noted that slight mechanical friction may cause damage to the micro- and nano-structures characteristic of these surfaces, thereby leading to the loss of superhydrophobic properties. The present study focuses on titanium alloys due to their extensive utilization in the engineering field. It proposed the development of a functional surface with a titanium alloy microstructure that suppresses ice. The study employed a design based on laser processing technology to systematically generate a hierarchical micro-scale structure on the Ti–6Al–4V surface. A robust microstructure was combined with electrodeposition of a myristic acid-modified nickel to prepare superhydrophobic armored surface (SAS). The process was optimized by refining the surface microstructure, analyzing the phase composition, and evaluating the wettability. Results showed that the untreated surface froze in 30 s at − 10 °C, while the SAS surface delayed freezing to 633 s. In addition, after 50 cycles of 1000 grit sandpaper abrasion and 20 cycles of thermal shock, the surface maintained WCA > 135° and retained its hydrophobic properties. These results demonstrate that the designed microstructure possesses thermal shock and UV resistance, and may provide an effective strategy for anti-icing of Ti–6Al–4V surfaces.
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Microsystems & Nanoengineering
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·38
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IF 9.9
Yuan Zichao,Chu Jiahui,Lu Chenguang,Wang Xu,Li Wenzong,Zhang Lemin,Liu Yahua
Controllable droplet manipulation is essential for applications from biochemical analysis to soft robotics. Despite significant advances, existing methods struggle to achieve broadly tunable, asynchronous control of multiple droplets, limiting their efficiency in three-dimensional and dynamic environments. Here, we introduce a droplet ultrasonic tweezer (DUT), which leverages broadly tunable acoustic control to enable three-dimensional multi-droplet manipulation and enhance condensing surface renewal. The DUT generates a twin-trap acoustic field from a single phased-array focal point, allowing droplet coalescence and confinement at five specific trapping positions. Leveraging this capability, we demonstrate synchronous directional transport of three droplets and asynchronous control of their relative positions. Moreover, the DUT’s vertically extensible twin trap enables synchronous manipulation of droplets across double-layer surfaces. Beyond transport, programmable spatial modulation of the acoustic field enhances microdroplet coalescence and suppresses merged-droplet detachment, increasing the droplet detachment size and expanding the swept area for more effective surface renewal. Our results establish a robust paradigm for applications in optical surface self-cleaning, condensation heat transfer, and atmospheric water harvesting, offering a scalable solution for precise droplet control.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·830
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IF 15.7
Xie Qian,Shen Yanni,Liang Jianhui,Fu Chang,Du Xiangfu,Huang Shuya,Song Bing,Chen Lei,Wang Yan
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs), such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, are driven by immune dysfunction, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory and tissue repair properties; however, the therapeutic applicability of MSCs faces limitations due to the low homing efficiency upon systemic infusion. Inspired by antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), here we develop an antibody-conjugated MSC-based drug delivery system (AcM-DDS) that combines CD4 monoclonal antibody-conjugated MSC (CD4-mBMSC) with liposome-encapsulated Cedirogant, a RORγt inverse agonist. AcM-DDS targets CD4⁺ T cells, key drivers of AID, and precisely delivers RORγt antagonists to suppress Th17-mediated inflammation. In mouse models of imiquimod-induced psoriasis and collagen-induced arthritis, AcM-DDS enhances MSC homing to inflamed tissues, reduces Th17 activity, lowers pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and preserves cartilage and bone integrity. Thus, our results indicate the promising applicability of our engineered platform for targeted immune modulation and provide support for the suitability of this therapeutic approach for the treatment of AIDs.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 3.8
Wang Zichen,Zhou Wei,Cui Yue
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)-based fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay (FLFIA) has significant application prospects in clinical diagnosis, but it still suffers from relatively low sensitivity in detecting trace amounts of biomarkers. Here, we report for the first time a strong fluorescence-emitting core-shell-shell NaLuF 4 @NaLuF 4 :Yb,Er@NaLuF 4 UCNP as the FLFIA probe. The UCNPs-based FLFIA platform enables point-of-care detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) with high sensitivity, accuracy, and resistance to autofluorescence interference. NaLuF 4 :Yb,Er encapsulated in the intermediate shell layer can effectively reduce the cross-relaxation and surface quenching of the luminescence center, resulting in a higher quantum yield. Compared with the conventional core-shell NaLuF 4 :Yb,Er@NaLuF 4 UCNPs, the fluorescence intensity increases by 2.4 times. The UCNPs-based FLFIA was further integrated with a portable smartphone platform for rapid, on-site detection. The UCNPs probe enabled sensitive cTnI detection, with a detection limit of 0.035 ng/mL in buffer and 0.059 ng/mL in serum, and a detection range of 0.05–100 ng/mL. In testing clinical samples, the results from the platform showed excellent correlation with hospital results. We anticipate that the NaLuF 4 @NaLuF 4 :Yb,Er@NaLuF 4 UCNPs can serve as a promising immunolabeling nanoprobe for highly sensitive and accurate FLFIA detection. Graphical
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