Nature Communications
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·10578
·
IF 18.1
Yang Shoufeng,Gong Lizhikun,Zeng Hui,Cai Chuanyang,Tu Yangyuan,Zhu Hao,Zhi Jiake,Chen Jiajie,Zeng Guang,Yan Hao,Cheng Ruiqing,Yin Lei,Xia Congxin,Liang Shiheng,Wen Yao,He Jun
Metastable structures exhibiting unique properties hold significant potential for electronic applications. However, their inherent tendency to transform into thermodynamically more stable phases presents substantial challenges, as the stabilization of such metastable phases typically necessitates extreme conditions and complex synthesis strategy. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of a metastable SmO 2 /Sm 2 O 3 mosaic-like lateral heterostructure using molten eutectic salt. While both SmO 2 and Sm 2 O 3 are individually centrosymmetric, interfacial symmetry breaking at the junction simultaneously suppresses screw symmetry and inversion symmetry, resulting in a locally non-centrosymmetric configuration with broken spatial inversion. This structural asymmetry induces an intrinsic built-in dipole, a nonlinear optical response, and room-temperature interface ferroelectric polarization. Furthermore, vertically oriented interfaces provide confined pathways for directional ion transport, suppressing non-directional diffusion. Memristors based on the metastable heterostructure exhibit high performance, characterized by a maximum on/off ratio exceeding 10 9 , switching speeds as fast as 47.3 ns, and retention times surpassing 10 4 s. The switching mechanism is consistent with field-driven oxygen vacancy migration along the vertical heterointerface, regulated by reversible oxygen adsorption and desorption at the electrode. This work offers a potential route for developing high-performance memristors leveraging metastable oxide heterointerfaces with coupled ferroelectric-like polarization and resistive switching functionalities.
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npj Flexible Electronics
·
2026
·
IF 15.4
Geng Yu,Li Tongtong,Fan Guodong,Zhong Ruiming,Rong Liduo,Wang Bijia,Zhong Yi,Mao Zhiping,Xie Sijia,Feng Xueling
Emerging quasi-solid-state thermogalvanic cell (TGC) hold promise for low-grade heat harvesting. Harnessing solar energy to generate electricity through TGCs is limited by the challenge of maintaining a large temperature gradient (Δ T ) under illumination. Herein, we report an enhanced-performance photothermoelectric TGC by synergistically integrating localized photothermal (PT) heating with passive radiative cooling (RC), spontaneously establishes a robust ΔT on the bacterial cellulose-based TGC under illumination, enabling efficient photothermoelectric conversion. The flexible device featured an asymmetrically coated structure, employing carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide as PT and RC functional layers. The optimized device achieved a Δ T of 14.11 K under 1 sun illumination, producing a voltage of 18.07 mV, substantially exceeding that of the PT-only counterpart. It delivers a maximum power density of 13.98 mW m −2 , a 214% enhancement attributed to effective suppression of parasitic heating. A practical outdoor application scenario was demonstrated, highlighting its potential as a self-powered device. As a proof-of-concept, the device has been developed as an intelligent light-control switch for smart windows aided by a voltage amplifier. By harnessing sunlight not only as a heat source but also as a trigger for asymmetric thermal management, this work achieves maximized Δ T in solar-driven TGCs, enabling a potential platform that integrates energy harvesting, environmental sensing, and responsive control.
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npj Science of Food
·
2026
·
IF 9.7
Li Li,Wang Wei-qi,Wang Bin,Han Qiu-yue
The protein of oilseed crops can be hydrolyzed into peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis. In our investigation, 9 antioxidant peptides from the protein hydrolysate fraction of Litsea cubeba by RP-HPLC and identified as AN, VEQ, RV, VQ, VHDVSF, FQI, EAALA, VVGGG, and LA, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant assay results showed VHDVSF had the most potent antioxidant activity. Additionally, VHDVSF modulated the kelch-like ECH-associated protein l (Keap1)/ nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway to protect against hepatocellular oxidative stress damage. The ultraviolet-visible absorption and fluorescence spectra analysis indicated that VHDVSF might bind to the recombinant Keap1 protein through hydrogen bond formation and hydrophobic interactions. The results of molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) indicate that the binding to Keap1 protein is spontaneous and driven mainly by electrostatic interaction forces and van der Waals forces, which provided theoretical essential support for exploring VHDVSF as an antioxidant.
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NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 4
Hou Jingyi,Yang Kailan,Zhang Dandan,Ba Yi,Wang Yubo,Zhao Changqi,Zhu Naiqiang,Gu Miao
The increasing global burden of aging-related cognitive impairment (ACI) highlights an urgent need for disease-modifying therapeutics, as current pharmacological options provide only temporary symptomatic relief without affecting underlying pathological trajectories. Ginsenoside Ro, an oleanane-type saponin derived from Panax ginseng, displays anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties; however, the target network and signaling mechanisms through which it may alleviate ACI remain inadequately defined. This study aims to thoroughly define the therapeutic efficacy and underlying molecular mechanisms of Ginsenoside Ro against ACI utilizing a convergent analytical approach that integrates network pharmacology, in silico molecular simulation, and empirical validation in aging-model mice and senescent PC12 cells. Putative targets of Ginsenoside Ro were sourced from PubChem, SwissTargetPrediction, STITCH, ChEMBL, and SEA databases. ACI-relevant and aging-associated targets were curated from HAGR, OMIM, and GeneCards databases. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING, and hub targets were identified with the cytoHubba algorithm. Functional enrichment analysis, including GO and KEGG analyses, was performed via DAVID. Binding interactions were evaluated using molecular docking and 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In vivo characterization involved the development of a senescence mouse model via intraperitoneal D-galactose (D-Gal) administration (125 mg/kg/d for 10 weeks), followed by oral treatment with Ginsenoside Ro (5 and 10 mg/kg) or melatonin (100 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) and open field test (OFT). Systemic oxidative status was monitored by measuring serum MDA, SOD, and MAO, while neural tissue integrity was examined through H&E and Nissl staining. In vitro, D-Gal-induced senescent PC12 cells were treated with Ginsenoside Ro (3.125–12.5 µM), followed by evaluations of cell viability, SA- β -galactosidase activity, ROS accumulation, SOD function, and expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, EGFR, and components of the PI3K-Akt cascade using CCK-8, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. Target intersection analysis identified 30 overlapping nodes between Ginsenoside Ro and ACI, with TNF-α, IL-6, AKT1, and EGFR recognized as core targets. KEGG enrichment analysis highlighted PI3K-Akt signaling as a key mechanistic pathway. Molecular docking yielded binding energies ranging from − 8.8 to − 4.8 kcal/mol, while MD trajectories demonstrated RMSD/RMSF profiles, hydrogen-bond interactions, and distinct deep free-energy minima consistent with sustained complex formation over the simulation period. In the D-Gal mouse model, Ginsenoside Ro reduced escape latency, increased platform crossings and exploratory behavior, decreased serum MDA, restored SOD and MAO levels, and ameliorated neuronal loss and nuclear pyknosis in the hippocampus and cortex. In PC12 cells, Ginsenoside Ro improved viability, diminished SA- β -gal positivity and ROS accumulation, enhanced SOD activity, restored EGFR expression, suppressed IL-6/TNF-α induction, and normalized the elevated p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT ratios. These findings suggest that Ginsenoside Ro is associated with the modulation of TNF-α, IL-6, AKT1, and EGFR, and that the PI3K-Akt pathway may serve as a central axis correlated with its observed neuroprotective effects. Ginsenoside Ro emerges as a promising candidate for ameliorating aging-associated cognitive dysfunction and related pathological changes, providing a preclinical basis for future translational development.
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JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 28
·期 9
·241
·
IF 3.5
Li E.,Huang Qin,Zhan Jidong
Complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are difficult to treat due to biofilm-mediated resistance and the limitations of conventional antibiotics like ceftazidime (CAZ). To address this challenge, a nanotherapeutic system, ZIF-8@CAZ, was developed by encapsulating CAZ within a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocarrier. This nanocomposite exhibited sustained drug release and significantly enhanced in vitro antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa PAO1, as evidenced by a substantially lower minimum inhibitory concentration compared to free CAZ, along with potent anti-biofilm activity. In a murine model of ascending UTI, ZIF-8@CAZ treatment resulted in a dramatic reduction of bacterial burden in bladder tissues, significant attenuation of inflammation (as shown by decreased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α), and superior amelioration of tissue pathology compared to an equivalent dose of free CAZ. Furthermore, comprehensive biosafety evaluations confirmed the excellent biocompatibility of ZIF-8@CAZ, with no observed systemic toxicity. These findings demonstrate that ZIF-8@CAZ is a promising nanoplatform for the effective treatment of biofilm-associated UTIs.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Tan Xiaohe,Liu Yunxia,Tan Qiang,Su Chenkun,Chen Da,Duan Zhiyao,Gou Wangyan,Ma Yuanyuan,Dai Zhongqin,Qu Yongquan
Toluene electrooxidation offers a sustainable route for the synthesis of valuable oxygen-containing chemicals, but existing methods often rely on strongly acidic or basic electrolytes, high cell voltages, or soluble mediators that complicate catalyst separation and increase waste. In this study, we show that combining grafted 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxyl (TEMPO) units with atomically dispersed iron sites in nitrogen-doped carbon enables efficient and selective electrooxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde under mild conditions. The catalyst operates at low potentials of 1.5 ~ 1.8 V vs . Ag/Ag + without the need for added molecular hydrogen-atom-transfer reagents, soluble metal redox couples, or strong acids/bases. Mechanistic studies indicate that the grafted TEMPO not only participates in oxidation chemistry but also reshapes the carbon framework by introducing carbonyl groups, which modulate the electronic structure and lower the spin state of the iron centers. These coupled electronic and spin effects promote oxygen activation, thereby promoting the formation and release of reactive superoxide species that drive selective toluene oxidation. This strategy provides a cleaner platform for aerobic electrooxidation and offers a design principle for selective oxidation catalysis powered by electricity.
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PubMed
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2026
·Vol. 37
·期 13
·1005
·
IF 3.2
Jia Wenlei,Geng Rencong,Yang Ping,Li Mingwei,Qi Wenhan,Zhou Ju,Yue Yihua,Li Shiqi,Han Jiao,Zeng Yiming
To improve the comprehensive properties of Si 3 N 4 ceramics, diamond powders with different particle sizes (1 and 2 μm) were added. The effects of diamond particle size on carbothermal reduction behavior, phase evolution, microstructure, and thermomechanical properties of Si 3 N 4 ceramics were systematically investigated. The results show that 1 μm diamond exhibits higher reactivity because of its smaller particle size and larger specific surface area, which promotes the carbothermal reduction of surface silica, decreases oxygen-related impurities, and increases the N/O ratio of the liquid phase. As a consequence, the dissolution–reprecipitation growth of elongated β-Si 3 N 4 grains is enhanced, leading to reduced grain-boundary scattering and improved thermal conductivity. In contrast, 2 μm diamond shows lower reactivity, resulting in insufficient carbothermal reduction, hindered densification, and inferior overall properties. Although the sample containing 1 μm diamond exhibits the highest thermal conductivity, its flexural strength decreases slightly, which is attributed to the combined effects of grain coarsening, reduced intergranular phase, and increased defect sensitivity. These results demonstrate that optimizing diamond particle size is an effective approach for regulating oxygen impurity, microstructure, and overall performance in Si 3 N 4 ceramics.
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Emergent Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 5
·109
·
IF 4
Khudher Raad H.,Hasan Ahmad A.,Albayati Talib M.,Zendehboudi Sohrab,Saady Noori M. Cata
In this study, eco-friendly ultrafiltration (UF) membrane is developed using a blend of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polylactic acid (PLA) polymers. The UF membrane is modified with green additive nanoparticles (NPs) derived from onion peel waste (OPW), to enhance anti-fouling performance in oily wastewater treatment. The PAN/PLA/OPW membrane is prepared using a phase inversion technique and systematically investigated using FTIR, FE-SEM, AFM, EDX, along with contact angle measurement, porosity determination, mechanical strength testing, and surface roughness evaluation. The effects of varying OPW NP loadings (0.025–0.15 wt.%) on membrane properties and performance are examined. At a membrane loading of 0.1 wt.%, it exhibits a significant enhancement in performance, with an improvement in pure water flux to 931 L/m 2 .h from 524 L/m 2 .h for pristine PAN/PLA, driven by improved hydrophilicity (contact angle reduced from 66.8° to 34.6°), porosity (69% to 95%), and tensile strength (7.81 to 11.7 MPa). Under a feed at an oil concentration 50 ppm and a pressure 2 bar, the modified membrane achieves an oil rejection of 65.8%, which increases to 100% at 550 ppm, highlighting its strong performance at higher contaminant loads. The flux recovery ratio (FRR) reaches 95.8%, leading to enhanced anti-fouling properties. Surface roughness decreases, enhancing foulant resistance. After four operation-cleaning cycles, oil rejection efficiency remains stable with only a slight decline in flux. The modified membrane demonstrates reliable chemical and operational stability, showing its ability to operate continuously for 48 h without noticeable performance degradation, exhibiting its compatibility with water treatment environments containing complex chemical components. Utilizing low-cost agricultural waste as a source of NPs contributes to reducing the environmental footprint and promoting the concept of a circular economy within engineering solutions. The residual oil content in the effluent remains below 5 ppm, aligning with World Health Organization (WHO) environmental discharge standards. Overall, the PAN/PLA/OPW membranes demonstrate high separation efficiency, durability, and environmental sustainability, thus qualifying them as promising candidates for industrial oily wastewater treatment.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
·
2026
·
IF 2.6
Ge Chuntao,Sun Liwen,Kou Qian,Zhang Jun,Xiao Saijun
This work reports the controllable electrodeposition of dense, adherent metallic chromium coatings from a low-cost, environmentally benign NaCl-CaCl 2 -CrCl 2 molten salt. The influence of key process parameters, including cathodic current density (10-70 mA cm −2 ), temperature (620-720 °C), time (3-60 min), and substrate material (304 stainless steel, Ni, W, Mo), on the microstructure and growth behavior of the coatings was systematically examined. Optimal conditions were identified at 620 °C and 30 mA cm −2 , resulting in smooth, uniform, and fully dense chromium coatings. Under these optimal conditions, the coatings exhibited a strong (200) preferred orientation, with an average growth rate of 0.65 μm min −1 and a cathode current efficiency of approximately 96%. In contrast, higher current densities or elevated temperatures led to the formation of nodular structures and grain coarsening, attributable to mass transport limitations and enhanced adatom mobility, respectively. The process demonstrated excellent versatility, producing dense coatings on all tested substrates. Crucially, a strong metallurgical bond was formed via interfacial inter-diffusion. This study establishes a clear process-structure relationship, affirming this molten salt method as a promising environmentally friendly alternative to traditional chromium plating.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2026
·Vol. 37
·期 13
·1020
·
IF 3.2
Fang Congcong,Meng Bin,Yang Qingqing,Liu Peng,Wang Shuo,Wang Hao,Wang Beier
A two-step coprecipitation method was used to synthesize core–shell structured BaCe 0.9 Y 0.1 O 2.95±δ (BCY)@Ce 0.9 Y 0.1 O 1.95±δ (YDC) powders, and the corresponding BCY@YDC ceramics were prepared by sintering at 1600 °C for 10 h under an air atmosphere. XRD, SEM, and TEM analyses show that the molar ratio of BCY to YDC in BCY@YDC ceramics prepared from core–shell powders is 1: 1, and the phase distribution is uniform. Under a dry air atmosphere at 700 °C, the BCY@YDC ceramic achieves an electrical conductivity of 1.2 × 10 –2 S/cm, which is 1.3 and 1.8 times that of the mechanically mixed BCY-YDC counterpart and the single-phase YDC, respectively. Concurrently, the specific grain boundary electrical conductivity of the BCY@YDC ceramic in a dry air atmosphere is 1.3 times and 31.4 times that of BCY-YDC and YDC, respectively. This further demonstrates that this unique phase distribution, inherited from the core–shell powders, effectively enhances the electrical conductivity of CeO 2 -based composite electrolytes.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Liu Yinjiang,Kong Tengfei,Zhao Zihan,Chen Weiting,Song Qili,Liang Wenjie,Bi Dongqin
Despite recent advances, the fill factor (FF) of perovskite solar cells remains limited, largely owing to defect-related recombination. Paradoxically, most defect passivation approaches still depend on solvents, which deteriorate stability and pose challenges for large-scale fabrication. Here, we introduce a vapor-phase deposited from a liquid triethylammonium pentafluoropropionate (TEA-PFP) layer on top of perovskite. During deposition, TEA⁺ reacts with residual PbI 2 to generate a one-dimensional TEAPbI 3 interfacial phase, promoting continuous electronic coupling and facilitating charge extraction. Simultaneously, the Lewis-basic PFP – anion passivates under-coordinated Pb 2+ and suppresses vacancy formation, markedly reducing non-radiative recombination. The bulky TEA + and strongly dipolar PFP – groups anchor at surface Pb sites, forming a self-limited, surface-confined layer. As a result, we achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 26.71% (certified 26.15%) and a record FF = 89.13% for small area device, while attaining a PCE of 25.32% for 1 cm 2 device. Moreover, this strategy effectively mitigates Ag + diffusion during accelerated aging and preserves outstanding stability under combined thermal and humidity stress, providing a robust pathway to overcome the FF bottleneck in perovskite photovoltaics.
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PubMed
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Ali Ahmat,Guoping Zhang,Maimaiti Ayiguli,jing Li,Xuan Li
A ternary composite of thiolated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), Au, Nitrogen-doped graphene was prepared via straightforward physical mixing. The optimal conditions for the uniform loading of Au nanoparticles on the composite materials were studied. The interaction between the polymer and Au nanoparticles as well as the influence of nitrogen-doped graphene on the electrocatalytic activity of the composite materials are discussed. The results show that the thiol groups on the polymer and the N atoms in the nitrogen-doped graphene have a strong adsorption effect on the Au nanoparticles, so that the Au nanoparticles are more uniformly loaded on the surface of polymer and nitrogen-doped graphene during the mixing process. In addition, the enhanced electron transfer rate, the high dispersibility of polymer and nitrogen-doped graphene, as well as the large specific surface area and catalytic activity of Au nanoparticles improve the electrocatalytic activity of the composite materials. Under the optimal conditions, the binary composite-modified electrodes exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity with the detection linear ranges of 0.5–65 μM, 0.02–60 μM, 0.06–55 μM and 0.1–70 μM for ascorbic acid, dopamine, uric acid, and nitrite ions, respectively. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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